View source for Bongo Flava

{{short description|Tanzanian popular music genre}}

{{Music of Tanzania}}
{{Infobox music genre
| name              = Bongo Flava
| stylistic_origins = [[Tanzanian hip hop]] • [[Taarab]] • [[Tanzanian music]] • [[Dancehall]]
| cultural_origins  = 1990s [[Dar es Salaam]]
| derivatives       = 
| fusiongenres      = 
| subgenrelist      = 
| subgenres         = {{hlist|[[Singeli]]}}
| local_scenes      = {{flag|Tanzania}} • {{flag|Zanzibar}}
| regional_scenes   = {{hlist|[[Kenya]]|[[Uganda]]|[[Burundi]]}}
| other_topics      = {{hlist|[[Muziki wa dansi]]|[[Ngoma music]]|[[Zenji flava]]}}
}}
{{For the|the kwaito musical ensemble|Bongo Maffin}}

'''Bongo Flava''' is a nickname for [[Tanzania]]n music.<ref>{{Cite web|title=A Short History of Bongo Flava - Bongo Visions: Comparing Narratives of Progress in Bongo Flava Music|url=https://sites.google.com/a/brown.edu/bongo-visions/home/a-short-history-of-bongo-flava|access-date=2021-11-03|website=sites.google.com|archive-date=2021-11-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211103095607/https://sites.google.com/a/brown.edu/bongo-visions/home/a-short-history-of-bongo-flava|url-status=live}}</ref> The genre was developed in the 1990s, mainly as a derivative of [[United States|American]] [[hip hop]] and traditional Tanzanian styles such as [[taarab]] and [[muziki wa dansi|dansi]].<ref name="ReferenceA">Mueller, Gavin. "Bongoflava: The Primer." Stylus Magazine, 12 May 2005</ref> Lyrics are usually in [[Swahili language|Swahili]] or [[English language|English]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=bongo flava – Nairobi News |url=https://nairobinews.nation.africa/why-diamond-platnumz-cancelled-germany-tour/ |access-date=2023-08-06 |website=nairobinews.nation.africa |date=30 April 2023 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Music -- Tanzania Daily News, Dar es Salaam |url=https://allafrica.com/list/aans/post/af/cat/music/pubkey/publisher:editorial:00010656.html |access-date=2023-08-06 |website=allAfrica.com |language=en}}</ref>

== Etymology ==

The name "Bongo" in Bongo Flava comes from Kiswahili usually meaning ''brains, intelligence, cleverness''.<ref name="Njogu_07">{{Cite book |title=Songs and Politics in Eastern Africa |last1=Njogu |first1=Kimani |publisher=[[Mkuki na Nyota|Mkuki na Nyota Publishers Ltd]] |year=2007 |isbn=978-9987-08-108-0 |location=Dar es Salaam, Tanzania |pages=241–246 |language=en |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q_lWEAAAQBAJ |last2=Maupeu |first2=Herv |chapter=Music and Politics in Tanzania: a case study of Nyota-wa-Cigogo |access-date=2022-06-03 |archive-date=2022-06-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622125242/https://www.google.com/books/edition/Songs_and_Politics_in_Eastern_Africa/q_lWEAAAQBAJ?hl=en |url-status=live }}</ref> Bongo is the augmentative form of ''Ubongo'', a Swahili word for Brain.<ref name="Suriano_11">{{Cite journal |title=Hip-Hop and Bongo Flavour Music in Contemporary Tanzania: Youths' Experiences, Agency, Aspirations and Contradictions |journal=Africa Development |url=https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ad/article/view/74118 |last=Suriano |first=Maria |volume=36 |pages=113–126 |doi=10.4314/ad.v36i3-4 |doi-broken-date=11 July 2025 |issn=0850-3907 |access-date=2022-06-03 |archive-date=2022-06-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220602182528/https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ad/article/view/74118 |url-status=live }}</ref> Flava is a Swahili term for ''Flavour''.<ref name="Suriano_11"/> Bongo is a term which was originally used to refer the Tanzanian city  of [[Dar es Salaam]].<ref name="Njogu_07"/> Outside Tanzania, Bongo is often referring to Tanzania.<ref name="Suriano_11"/> Bongo as a term originated in the late 70's during a very difficult time following both the global fuel shocks of the 70's and the Kagera war against Uganda. The term Bongo was being used as a clever way to say both, survival in Dar es Salaam required both brain and intelligence.<ref name="Njogu_07"/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Bongo Flava Diamond Reveals Plans To Quit Music |url=http://www.ajabuafrica.net/bongo-flava-diamond-reveals-plans-to-quit-music-1781.html |access-date=2023-08-07 |website=www.ajabuafrica.net}}</ref>

In 1981 musician [[Remmy Ongala]] joined a band called Orchestra Super Matimila. Each band had a unique ''[[Music of Tanzania#Mtindo|mtindo]]'' (style/fashion) and Ongala's band Matimila named their mtindo "Bongo Beat".<ref name="Graebner_89">{{Cite journal |last=Graebner |first=Werner |author-link=Werner Graebner |year=1989 |title=Whose music? The songs of Remmy Ongala and Orchestra Super Matimila |url=https://doi.org/10.1017/S0261143000003548 |url-status=live |journal=Popular Music |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |volume=3 |issue=8 |pages=243–258 |doi=10.1017/S0261143000003548 |issn=1474-0095 |s2cid=162437123 |url-access=subscription |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622130038/https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/popular-music/article/abs/whose-music-the-songs-of-remmy-ongala-and-orchestra-super-matimila/A160C3FD95E3312F03429234D6D09B0B |archive-date=2022-06-22 |access-date=2022-06-03 |via=Cambridge CORE}}</ref> Ongala later became the most famous musician ever for Tanzania, reaching global fame working with English singer [[Peter Gabriel]].<ref name="Stone_08">{{Cite book |title=The Garland Handbook of African Music |publisher=[[Routledge]] |year=2008 |isbn=9781135900014 |location=New York |pages=14, 46–50, 136–137 |language=en |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XEeTAgAAQBAJ |editor-last=Stone |editor-first=Ruth M. |access-date=2022-06-03 |archive-date=2022-06-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622125242/https://www.google.com/books/edition/The_Garland_Handbook_of_African_Music/XEeTAgAAQBAJ?hl=en |url-status=live }}</ref>

== History ==
Bongo Flava is a large divergent evolution of ''muziki wa kizazi kipya'', meaning "music of the new generations", which originated in the middleclass youth of [[Kinondoni District, Dar es Salaam|Kinondoni District]], in Dar es Salaam between the mid-1980s and 1990s.<ref name="Kerr_18">{{cite journal |last1=Kerr |first1=David |title=From the margins to the mainstream: making and remaking an alternative music economy in Dar es Salaam |journal=[[Journal of African Cultural Studies]] |date=2018-01-02 |volume=30 |issue=1 |pages=65–80 |doi=10.1080/13696815.2015.1125776 |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/13696815.2015.1125776 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |s2cid=146229942 |language=en |issn=1369-6815 |access-date=5 June 2022 |archive-date=22 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220622130033/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/13696815.2015.1125776 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref> Taji Liundi, also known as Master T, the original creator and producer of the Dj Show program had already started airing songs by fledgling local artists by late 1994. Radio hosts Mike Muhagama and Taji Liundi led the way in radio support of local artists.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://artintanzania.org/en/component/content/article/2-uncategorised/56-mambo-jambo|title=Mambo Jambo|website=Art in Tanzania|access-date=2020-02-29|archive-date=2020-02-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200229223227/http://artintanzania.org/en/component/content/article/2-uncategorised/56-mambo-jambo|url-status=dead}}</ref> Mike Mhagama eventually joined the popular program as an under-study to Taji Liundi and also went on to produce and present the show alone after Taji Liundi left Radio One in 1996.

"Bongo Flava" existed well before the first audio or video recordings. The youth in Dar es Salaam were rapping at beach concerts (organized by Joseph Kusaga and the late Ruge Mutahaba, who together own Mawingu Discotheque, Mawingu Studios and now Clouds Media Group), local concert halls and taking part in the first official rap competition called Yo! Rap Bonanza series that were promoted by Abdulhakim "DJ Kim" Magomelo under his promotion company "Kim & The Boyz".<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-06-16 |title=Bongo Flava added to 66th Grammy Award categories |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/news/entertainment/bongo-flava-added-to-66th-grammy-award-categories-4272266 |access-date=2023-08-06 |website=The Citizen |language=en}}</ref>

Some of the youth were organized with fancy names, some were solo or formed impromptu groups at the event to get a chance to perform. An icon of the open performance artists in the early 1990s was Adili or Nigga One. The first influential dub artiste of the genre was Saleh Jabir who rapped in [[Swahili language|Kiswahili]] over the instrumentals of Vanilla Ice's, "Ice Ice Baby", he was solely responsible for making Kiswahili a viable language to rap in. His version was so popular that broke ranks by receiving mild airplay in the conservative National Radio Tanzania, thus making the first rap song on Tanzanian radio.<ref name="Saleh_J_01">{{cite web |last1=Nne |first1=Juma |title=Saleh J – Tanzanian Swahili rap pioneer |url=https://www.africanhiphop.com/saleh-j-tanzanian-swahili-rap-pioneer/ |website=Africanhiphop.com |access-date=5 June 2022 |language=en |date=2001-10-01 |archive-date=21 April 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210421082113/https://www.africanhiphop.com/saleh-j-tanzanian-swahili-rap-pioneer/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

One of the earliest groups to actually record and deliver a CD to Radio One for airing was Mawingu Band, an outfit that became hugely popular in early 1994. They recorded at Mawingu Studios. Its members were Othman Njaidi, Eliudi Pemba, Columba Mwingira, Sindila Assey, Angela, Robert Chuwa, Boniface Kilosa (a.k.a. Dj Boni Love) and later Pamela who sang the famous hook of their breakthrough first RnB/Rap single "Oya Msela". The song was so popular and ahead of its time that the Msela label stuck. 'Msela' is the Swahili word for 'ruffian'.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Notjustok {{!}} Latest East African Music, Bongo Flava songs, videos and news from Tanzania |url=https://notjustok.com/eastafrica/ |access-date=2023-08-06 |website=Latest East African & Bongo Flava Music, Songs & Video - Notjustok |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Bongo Flava popular artists ==
Bongo Flava popular artists include Bruce Africa, [[Baraka The Prince]], [[Maua Sama]], [[Vanessa Mdee]] (Vee Money),<ref>{{Cite web |title=Vanessa Mdee: "It's Tough to Be a Female Artist, You Have to Work Five Times Harder Than the Men" |url=https://www.okayafrica.com/vanessa-mdee-interview-tanzania/ |access-date=21 June 2022 |website=okayafrica.com |archive-date=31 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210731082433/https://www.okayafrica.com/vanessa-mdee-interview-tanzania/ |url-status=live }}</ref> [[Bill Nass]], [[Diamond Platnumz]], [[Harmonize (musician)|Harmonize]], [[Jux]], [[Ali Kiba|Alikiba]], [[A.Y. (musician)|A.Y.]], [[Shetta]], [[Ben Pol]], [[Lava Lava]], [[Dully Sykes]], [[Rich Mavoko]], [[Juma Nature]], [[Rayvanny]], [[Nandy (singer)|Nandy]], [[Marioo]], [[Zuchu]], [[Mwana FA]], [[Shilole]], [[Jay Melody]], [[Mbosso]], [[Mimi Mars]], [[Queen Darleen]], [[Phina]], [[Dogo Janja]], [[Kusah (singer)|Kusah]], [[Joh Makini]] and more.

== Concerts and festivals ==
Since its inception, concerts and festivals in many ways have helped to push Bongo Flava and help surge its popularity. One of the first such festival is '''Fiesta''' organized by Clouds Media Group, where Bongo Flava artists usually go on a music tour in different Tanzanian regions.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-01-09 |title=Clouds Media Watangaza Kurudi Kwa Tamasha la FIESTA Mwaka Huu |url=https://www.udakuspecially.com/2022/08/clouds-media-watangaza-kurudi-kwa.html |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=UDAKU SPECIAL |language=en-gb}}</ref> Throughout the years, Fiesta has been an instrument in spreading the Bongo Flava wave across Tanzania.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-09-16 |title=Music and dance galore await at 2022 Fiesta summer jam |url=https://www.thecitizen.co.tz/tanzania/magazines/music-and-dance-galore-await-at-2022-fiesta-summer-jam-3950862 |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=The Citizen |language=en}}</ref>
==Popularity==
Today, "Bongo Flava" is the most popular musical style amongst the Tanzanian youth,<ref name=antennedipace>{{in lang|it}} [http://www.antennedipace.org/antennedipace/articoli/art_79.html Article on Bongo Flava] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110409211124/http://www.antennedipace.org/antennedipace/articoli/art_79.html |date=April 9, 2011 }} at Antenne di Pace</ref> something that is also reflected in the vast number of TV and radio programs dedicated to this genre as well as the sales figures of bongo flava albums.<ref name="Quade_04">{{cite web |last1=Quade |first1=Birgit |last2=Martin |first2=Lydia |title=Top of the Hip Hops Bongo Flava and more in Dar es Salaam, 2004 |url=http://www.afropop.org/multi/feature/ID/426/Dar+es+Salaam-Hip+Hop-2004 |website=Afropop Worldwide |publisher=World Music Productions |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080317000850/http://www.afropop.org/multi/feature/ID/426/Dar%2Bes%2BSalaam-Hip%2BHop-2004 |archive-date=2008-03-17 |language=en |date=2004 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

Outside of its historical home of [[Tanzania]], Bongo Flava has become a resoundingly popular sound in neighboring, culturally related countries such as [[Kenya]]<ref>Mueller, Gavin. "Bongoflava: The Primer." Stylus Magazine, 12 May 2005.</ref> and [[Uganda]]. Bongo Flava has even found a home outside of the [[African continent]]; the most popular artists in the genre have recently begun to address Western markets<ref name="ReferenceA"/> and the self-proclaimed "best internet station for Bongo Flava,"<ref name="Hassan_05">{{cite web |last1=Hassan |first1=JN Geeque |title=ABOUT US |url=http://www.bongoradio.com/aboutus.htm |website=Bongo Radio |publisher=Bongo Radio Inc |access-date=2008-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012072347/http://bongoradio.com/aboutus.htm |archive-date=2007-10-12 |language=en |date=6 March 2006 |url-status=dead}}</ref> Bongo Radio, happens to be based out of [[Chicago, Illinois]]. There are now also playlists dedicate to the genre of global streaming platforms such as [[iTunes]] and [[Spotify]], increasing Bongo-Flava's visibility.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bongo Flava {{!}} TRT Afrika |url=http://www.trtafrika.com/news/bongo-flava |access-date=2023-08-06 |website=www.trtafrika.com |language=en}}</ref>

Despite the popularity of "Bongo Flava" and the large number of well-known artists throughout [[Tanzania]], copying of music is widespread due to the weak  enforcement of copyright laws, and most artistes are unable to make a living selling their music. Instead, most rely on income from live performances to support themselves, or income from other business ventures, using their social influence as leverage. However, there are instances of 'success stories', the career of artist [[Diamond Platnumz]], and producer-artist [[Nahreel]] are often cited as sources of inspiration for many artists and producers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.afropop.org/multi/feature/ID/426/Dar+es+Salaam-Hip+Hop-2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080317000850/http://www.afropop.org/multi/feature/ID/426/Dar%2Bes%2BSalaam-Hip%2BHop-2004|url-status=dead|title=Top of the Hip Hops: Bongo Flava and more in Dar es Salaam, 2004<!-- Bot generated title -->|archive-date=March 17, 2008}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-05-06 |title=Blaq Jerzee fuses Bongo flava with Afrobeat on new single 'Sokoma' {{!}} News Ghana |url=https://newsghana.com.gh/blaq-jerzee-fuses-bongo-flava-with-afrobeat-on-new-single-sokoma/ |access-date=2023-08-06 |website=newsghana.com.gh |language=en-US}}</ref>

Bongo Flava started to make waves across Africa in major markets such as Nigeria, Ghana and South Africa around 2014 when Diamond Platnumz released his smash hit My Number One and its accompanying remix featuring Nigerian star, Davido.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Neophytou |first=Nadia |date=2021-08-06 |title=How Diamond Platnumz Became Tanzania's Biggest Star |url=https://www.billboard.com/music/rb-hip-hop/diamond-platnumz-tanzania-bongo-flava-interview-9610830/ |access-date=2024-01-04 |magazine=Billboard |language=en-US}}</ref> It was also around that time that different African based music channels began to give heavy rotation to Bongo Flava songs from different heavyweights such as Diamond Platnumz, Vanessa Mdee, Joh Makini, Navy Kenzo and more.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Diamond Platnumz Talks Growing Up In Tanzania & Breaking Into American Popular Music {{!}} GRAMMY.com |url=https://www.grammy.com/news/diamond-platnumz-talks-growing-tanzania-breaking-american-popular-music |access-date=2024-01-04 |website=www.grammy.com}}</ref>

Since then different Bongo Flava stars started working with different Nigerian superstars. The international collaborations has made it possible for Bongo Flava to be popular in other countries. Diamond Platnumz, for example, has worked with different heavyweight superstars such as [[Kcee (musician)|KCEE]], [[Rema (musician)|Rema]], [[Chike (singer)|Chike]], [[Koffi Olomide]], [[Adekunle Gold]], [[Omarion]], [[Morgan Heritage]] and more.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Digital |first=Standard |title=Six legendary artists Diamond Platnumz has collaborated with |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/entertainment/news/article/2001434710/six-legendary-artists-diamond-platnumz-has-collaborated-with |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=Standard Entertainment |language=en}}</ref>

Harmonize, another heavyweight Tanzanian star has worked with different music heavyweights in his efforts to popularize Bongo Flava. Harmonize has worked with different heavyweights such as [[Awilo Longomba]], [[Spice (musician)|Spice]], [[Sarkodie (rapper)|Sarkodie]], [[Korede Bello]], [[Naira Marley]], [[Yemi Alade]] and more.<ref>{{Cite web |title=It's a trilogy, as Harmonize drops new collaborations with Tanzanian legend Q Chilla - The Sauce |url=https://www.capitalfm.co.ke/thesauce/its-a-trilogy-as-harmonize-drops-new-collaborations-with-tanzanian-legend-q-chilla/ |access-date=2024-01-10 |website=www.capitalfm.co.ke|date=25 July 2019 }}</ref>

==Characteristics==
While "Bongo Flava" is clearly related to American hip hop, it is also clearly distinguished from its Western counterpart. As the bongoflava.net website puts it, "these guys don't need to copy their brothers in America, but have a sure clear sense of who they are and what sound it is they're making". The sound "has its roots in the rap, R&B and hip hop coming from America, but from the beginning, these styles have been pulled apart and put back together with African hands".<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Falola |first1=Toyin |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ev6rAgAAQBAJ&dq=bongo+flava&pg=PA37 |title=Music, Performance and African Identities |last2=Fleming |first2=Tyler |date=2012-03-15 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-83028-0 |language=en}}</ref>

The typical "Bongo Flava" artist identifies with the ''mselah''.{{which lang|date=June 2024}} It is in this sense that, for example, members of the hip hop crew [[Afande Sele]] call themselves ''watu pori'', i.e., "men of the savannah". A sort of [[manifesto]] of mselah ideology is given by the song ''Mselah Jela'' by Bongo flava singer [[Juma Nature]], who defines a mselah, amongst other things, as an "honest person of sincere heart".<ref>''Mselah ni mtu safi, na ana moyo safi''.</ref> Following the tradition of western hip hop (as represented by the pioneering hip hop group [[Afrika Bambaataa]]), bongo flava lyrics usually tackle social and political issues such as poverty, political corruption, superstition, and HIV/AIDS, often with a more or less explicit educational intent, an approach that is sometimes referred to as "edutainment".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.afropop.org/multi/feature/ID/426/Dar+es+Salaam-Hip+Hop-2004|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080317000850/http://www.afropop.org/multi/feature/ID/426/Dar%2Bes%2BSalaam-Hip%2BHop-2004|url-status=dead |title=Top of the Hip Hops: Bongo Flava and more in Dar es Salaam, 2004 |archive-date=March 17, 2008}}</ref> Afande Sele, for example, have written songs that are intended to teach prevention of [[malaria]] and [[HIV]]. However, this has changed in recent years and increasingly many commercial Bongo Flava songs deal with topics such as love, heartbreak, success and hardship. This change in topic remains a point of contention between the earlier generation who saw the rise of Bongo Flava, and the new generation who tend to prefer catchy and club ready songs.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Pierson |first1=Michael |title=From rage to riches: swag and capital in the Tanzanian hip hop industry |journal=Popular Music |date=December 2020 |volume=39/3-4 |issue=3–4 |pages=523–538 |doi=10.1017/S0261143020000434 |s2cid=232271726 |url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/popular-music/article/abs/from-rage-to-riches-swag-and-capital-in-the-tanzanian-hip-hop-industry/A8E5B9B9BBE57F21B4EC11F2522C0511|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Whether this is due to globalisation and western influence or due to a change in listener's taste, is the question at the centre of the debate. Some Bongo groups are very popular within their [[ethnic group]]; one example is the [[Maasai people|Maasai]] [[X Plastaz]] who developed their own subgenre known as "Maasai hip hop".<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.afropop.org/explore/album_review/ID/2604/Bongo+Flava:+Swahili+Rap+from+Tanzania |title=Bongo Flava: Swahili Rap from Tanzania<!-- Bot generated title --> |access-date=2008-03-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051217023910/http://www.afropop.org/explore/album_review/ID/2604/Bongo+Flava%3A+Swahili+Rap+From+Tanzania |archive-date=2005-12-17 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Bongopiano ==
Bongopiano blends bongo flava music and [[amapiano]], emerging in Tanzania in the 2020s. Key figures of bongopiano include Diamond Platnumz, Alikiba, Natasha, Pride Boy 4Real, Marioo, Harmonize, Nandy, Jux, Mbosso and Zuchu.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Digital |first=Standard |title=BongoPiano: The musical crossover that has everyone dancing |url=https://www.standardmedia.co.ke/entertainment/news/article/2001479603/bongopiano-the-musical-crossover-that-has-everyone-dancing |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=Standard Entertainment |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-10-15 |title=Bongopiano: The unstoppable musical fusion rocking the dancefloors |url=https://nairobinews.nation.africa/bongopiano-the-unstoppable-musical-fusion-rocking-the-dancefloors/ |access-date=2024-08-01 |website=Nairobi News |language=en-US}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Music of Tanzania]]
* [[Kwaito]]
* [[Afrobeats]]
* [[Afroswing]]
* [[Gqom]]

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
*[https://www.bongoexclusivetv.com/ Bongo Flava Songs]

{{Africa in topic|Music of}}
{{Africa topics}}
{{Genres of African popular music}}
{{Music of Africa}}
{{African electronic dance music}}
{{Hiphop}}

[[Category:21st-century music genres]]
[[Category:Tanzanian hip-hop]]
[[Category:1990s in music]]
[[Category:African music genres]]
[[Category:Hip-hop genres]]
[[Category:Tanzanian music industry]]
[[Category:Tanzanian styles of music]]