View source for Bud Cramer

{{Short description|American politician (born 1947)}}
{{BLP sources|date=March 2013}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Bud Cramer
| image               = Robert Cramer.jpg
| state               = [[Alabama]]
| district            = {{ushr|AL|5|5th}}
| term_start          = January 3, 1991
| term_end            = January 3, 2009
| predecessor         = [[Ronnie Flippo]]
| successor           = [[Parker Griffith]]
| office1             = District Attorney of [[Madison County, Alabama|Madison County]]
| term_start1         = 1981
| term_end1           = 1991
| predecessor1        = ???
| successor1          = [[Mo Brooks]]
| birth_name          = Robert Edward Cramer Jr.
| birth_date          = {{birth date and age|1947|8|22}}
| birth_place         = [[Huntsville, Alabama]], U.S.
| death_date          = 
| death_place         = 
| party               = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| spouse              = 
| children            = 1
| education           = [[University of Alabama]] ([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]], [[Juris Doctor|JD]])
| allegiance          = {{flag|United States}}
| branch              = {{army|United States}}
| serviceyears        = 1972–1978
| unit                = [[United States Army Reserve]]
}}
'''Robert Edward''' "'''Bud'''" '''Cramer Jr.'''<ref>[http://asp.usatoday.com/news/politicselections/CandidateProfile.aspx?ci=1170&oi=H USATODAY.com<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> (born  August 22, 1947) is an American politician who was a [[United States Democratic Party|Democratic]] member of the [[United States House of Representatives]] from 1991 to 2009, representing {{ushr|Alabama|5}}.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=c000868|title=CRAMER, Robert E. (Bud), Jr. - Biographical Information|website=bioguide.congress.gov|access-date=2018-07-11}}</ref>  On March 13, 2008, Cramer announced he would not seek re-election to a 10th term.<ref>[http://blog.al.com/spotnews/2008/03/cramer_will_not_seek_reelectio.html AL.com: Cramer will not seek re-election to Congress]</ref>

==Early life==
Cramer was born and raised in [[Huntsville, Alabama]]. Known as Bud by his classmates, he earned a Bachelor of Arts in 1969 and a [[Juris Doctor]] degree from the [[University of Alabama School of Law]] in 1972. After graduating, he joined the Army as a tank officer. He served at Fort Knox, Kentucky, and remained a member of the Army Reserve from 1976 to 1978.

== Early political career ==
In 1973, Cramer was appointed assistant district attorney in Madison County, a position he held until going into private practice in 1975. He remained in private practice until 1980, when he challenged the incumbent Madison County District Attorney and won at age 33.

In 1985, he founded the National Children's Advocacy Center, a child-friendly environment for abused children, an effort for which he was honored at the White House by President [[Ronald Reagan]] in 1987.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/robert-bud-cramer/ | author=Jody Noll | title=Encyclopedia of Alabama}}</ref>

== Congress ==
=== Congressional elections ===
Cramer was district attorney from 1981 to 1990, until Rep. [[Ronnie Flippo]] ran unsuccessfully for governor. Cramer ran for the vacant Congressional seat in 1990, defeating [[Republican Party (United States) | Republican]] Al McDonald with 67% of the vote. He was handily reelected in 1992.  However, he was nearly defeated in 1994 by [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] businessman Wayne Parker&mdash;the closest that a Republican had come to winning one of the few remaining districts (prior to 2010) in the former [[Confederate States of America|Confederacy]] to have never elected a Republican since [[Reconstruction era of the United States|Reconstruction]].  Cramer only held onto his seat by 1,770 votes.  Cramer managed to defeat Parker with less difficulty in 1996 and never faced serious opposition again, winning five more terms by over 70 percent of the vote before running unopposed in 2006.

=== Tenure ===
In the House, Cramer was a  supporter of the [[International Space Station]] and an advocate for spending increases in missile defense, as Huntsville has long been a center for research and development of these two projects, as [[Redstone Arsenal]]&mdash;located in the district&mdash;is home of the [[United States Army Aviation and Missile Command]] (AMCOM) and [[NASA]]'s [[Marshall Space Flight Center]].

A liberal in his early days, he largely supported the Democratic line for his first three terms. The 1994 near-defeat, however, led Cramer to move more to the right in his voting. He often broke with his party on issues such as [[abortion]], gay rights, gun control, taxes, regulation of business, and the environment. Cramer was one of only four Democrats in the House to vote for the tax cut bill of 2003.  However, unlike a few other conservative Democrats, he did not vote in favor of any of the articles of impeachment against President [[Bill Clinton]].

Cramer's voting record placed him near the center of the House; however, he was often cited as unpredictable in his votes. Child protection was a longtime legislative project of Cramer's pursuant to his work with the area prior to his ascent to the House.

Cramer was a long-time member of the [[Blue Dog Democrats]], a coalition of conservative and moderate House Democrats.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/robert-bud-cramer/ | author=Jody Noll | title=Encyclopedia of Alabama}}</ref> Because of his largely conservative positions, he was encouraged by fellow Alabama politician Sen. [[Richard Shelby]] to make the same switch that he did and register as a Republican. Cramer resisted these efforts, and won reelection easily in his increasingly conservative district despite his party affiliation.

[[File:Donald Trump and Bud Cramer.jpg|thumb|right|Cramer with [[Donald Trump]] in 2005]]
On October 10, 2002, Cramer was among the 81 House Democrats who voted in favor of authorizing the [[2003 invasion of Iraq|invasion of Iraq]]. He also voted in favor of some measures favored by the Republican majority, including the continued occupation of Iraq and re-authorization of the [[Patriot Act]]. However, Cramer joined fellow Democrats in opposing President Bush's plan to send 21,000 additional troops to Iraq.

===Committees===
*House Committee on Appropriations
** Subcommittee on Defense
** Subcommittee on Transportation, Housing and Urban Development, and Related Agencies
** Subcommittee on Financial Services and General Government
** The Select Intelligence Oversight Panel
*Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence
** Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations (Chairman)
** Subcommittee on Technical & Tactical Intelligence
*The Blue Dog Coalition, Co-Founder
*The Congressional Missing & Exploited Children's Caucus, Co-Chairman and Co-Founder
*The End the Death Tax Caucus, Co-Chairman and Co-Founder
*The House Anti-Terrorism Caucus, Co-Chairman and Co-Founder
*The Tennessee Valley Authority Caucus, Co-Chairman

== Retirement ==
On March 13, 2008, Cramer surprised colleagues by announcing that he would not seek re-election in 2008 and would retire at the end of his term. Alabama’s Democratic State Senator [[Parker Griffith]] defeated Republican Wayne Parker in the race to succeed Cramer. 

Since leaving Congress, Cramer has worked as a lobbyist and government affairs consultant, representing clients in the defense and aerospace industries.<ref>{{cite web | url=https://encyclopediaofalabama.org/article/robert-bud-cramer/ | author=Jody Noll | title=Encyclopedia of Alabama}}</ref>

==Electoral history==

{{Election box begin no change|title=Alabama's 5th congressional district election, 1990}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
  |party = Democratic Party (United States)
  |candidate = Robert E. Cramer
  |votes = 113,047
  |percentage = 67.1
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
  |party = Republican Party (United States)
  |candidate = [[Albert McDonald]]
  |votes = 55,326
  |percentage = 32.9
}}
{{Election box write-in with party link no change
  |votes = 10
  |percentage = 0.0
}}
{{Election box total no change
  |votes = 168,383
  |percentage = 100.0
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change
  |winner = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin no change|title=Alabama's 5th congressional district election, 1992}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
  |party = Democratic Party (United States)
  |candidate = Robert E. Cramer (incumbent)
  |votes = 160,060
  |percentage = 65.6
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
  |party = Republican Party (United States)
  |candidate = Terry Smith
  |votes = 77,951
  |percentage = 31.9
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
  |party = Libertarian Party (United States)
  |candidate = C. Michael Seibert
  |votes = 6,006
  |percentage = 2.5
}}
{{Election box write-in with party link no change
  |votes = 116
  |percentage = 0.0
}}
{{Election box total no change
  |votes = 244,133
  |percentage = 100.0
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change
  |winner = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin no change|title=Alabama's 5th congressional district, 1994}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
  |party = Democratic Party (United States)
  |candidate = Robert E. Cramer (incumbent)
  |votes = 88,693
  |percentage = 50.5
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
  |party = Republican Party (United States)
  |candidate = Wayne Parker
  |votes = 86,923
  |percentage = 49.5
}}
{{Election box write-in with party link no change
  |votes = 77
  |percentage = 0.0
}}
{{Election box total no change
  |votes = 175,693
  |percentage = 100.0
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change
  |winner = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin no change|title=Alabama's 5th congressional district election, 1996}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
  |party = Democratic Party (United States)
  |candidate = Robert E. Cramer (incumbent)
  |votes = 114,442
  |percentage = 55.7
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
  |party = Republican Party (United States)
  |candidate = Wayne Parker
  |votes = 86,727
  |percentage = 42.2
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
  |party = Natural Law Party
  |candidate = Shirley Madison
  |votes = 2,484
  |percentage = 1.2
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
  |party = Libertarian Party (United States)
  |candidate = Craig Goodrich
  |votes = 1,856
  |percentage = 0.9
}}
{{Election box write-in with party link no change
  |votes = 38
  |percentage = 0.0
}}
{{Election box total no change
  |votes = 205,547
  |percentage = 100.0
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change
  |winner = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin no change|title=Alabama's 5th congressional election, 1998}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
  |party = Democratic Party (United States)
  |candidate = Robert E. Cramer (incumbent)
  |votes = 134,819
  |percentage = 69.7
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
  |party = Republican Party (United States)
  |candidate = Gil Aust
  |votes = 58,536
  |percentage = 30.3
}}
{{Election box write-in with party link no change
  |votes = 135
  |percentage = 0.1
}}
{{Election box total no change
  |votes = 193,490
  |percentage = 100.0
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change
  |winner = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin no change|title=Alabama's 5th congressional district election, 2000}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
  |party = Democratic Party (United States)
  |candidate = Robert E. Cramer (incumbent)
  |votes = 186,059
  |percentage = 88.8
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
  |party = Libertarian Party (United States)
  |candidate = Alan Barksdale
  |votes = 22,110
  |percentage = 10.6
}}
{{Election box write-in with party link no change
  |votes = 1,345
  |percentage = 0.6
}}
{{Election box total no change
  |votes = 209,514
  |percentage = 100.0
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change
  |winner = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin no change|title=Alabama's 5th congressional district election, 2002}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
  |party = Democratic Party (United States)
  |candidate = Robert E. Cramer (incumbent)
  |votes = 143,029
  |percentage = 73.3
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
  |party = Republican Party (United States)
  |candidate = Stephen Engel
  |votes = 48,226
  |percentage = 24.7
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
  |party = Libertarian Party (United States)
  |candidate = Alan Barksdale
  |votes = 3,772
  |percentage = 1.9
}}
{{Election box write-in with party link no change
  |votes = 144
  |percentage = 0.1
}}
{{Election box total no change
  |votes = 195,171
  |percentage = 100.0
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change
  |winner = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin no change|title=Alabama's 5th congressional district election, 2004}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
  |party = Democratic Party (United States)
  |candidate = Robert E. Cramer (incumbent)
  |votes = 200,999
  |percentage = 73.0
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
  |party = Republican Party (United States)
  |candidate = Gerry Wallace
  |votes = 74,145
  |percentage = 26.9
}}
{{Election box write-in with party link no change 
  |votes = 315
  |percentage = 0.1
}}
{{Election box total no change
  |votes = 275,459
  |percentage = 100.0
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change
  |winner = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}

{{Election box begin no change|title=Alabama's 5th congressional district election, 2006}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
  |party = Democratic Party (United States)
  |candidate = Robert E. Cramer (incumbent)
  |votes = 143,015
  |percentage = 98.3
}}
{{Election box write-in with party link no change
  |votes = 2,540
  |percentage = 1.7
}}
{{Election box total no change
  |votes = 145,555
  |percentage = 100.0
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change
  |winner = Democratic Party (United States)
}}
{{Election box end}}

==Group ratings (2004)==
*[[National Journal]]
** Economic: 50% Liberal, 49% Conservative
** Social: 48% Liberal, 51% Conservative
** Foreign: 54% Liberal, 45% Conservative
*[[Americans for Democratic Action]]: 75
*[[American Civil Liberties Union]]: 25
*[[Chamber of Commerce of the United States]]: 86
*[[Christian Coalition of America|Christian Coalition]]: 58
*[[American Conservative Union]]: 50
*[[National Taxpayers Union]]: 26
*[[League of Conservation Voters]]: 36

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{commonscat-inline}}
*{{wikisource author-inline}}
* {{CongLinks | congbio=c000868 | votesmart= | fec=H0AL05049 | congress= }}<!--
Links formerly displayed via the CongLinks template:
* [http://www.opensecrets.org/politicians/summary.php?cid=N00003042 Financial information (federal office)] at [[Center for Responsive Politics|OpenSecrets.org]]
* [http://www.ontheissues.org/House/Bud_Cramer.htm Issue positions and quotes] at [[On the Issues]]
* -->
* {{C-SPAN|29606}}
* [http://libarchstor.uah.edu:8081/repositories/2/resources/34 Robert E. (Bud) Cramer Congressional Collection, The University of Alabama in Huntsville Archives and Special Collections]

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|us-hs}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Ronnie Flippo]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[List of United States representatives from Alabama|U.S. House of Representatives]]<br>from [[Alabama's 5th congressional district]]|years=1991–2009}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Parker Griffith]]}}
|-
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Gary Condit]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chair of the [[Blue Dog Coalition]] for Administration|years=1999–2001|alongside=[[Chris John (politician)|Chris John]] (Communications), [[Charles Stenholm]] (Policy)}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Chris John (politician)|Chris John]]}}
|-
{{s-prec|usa}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Marty Russo]]|as=Former U.S. Representative}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[United States order of precedence|Order of precedence of the United States]]<br>''{{small|as Former U.S. Representative}}''|years=}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Pete Hoekstra]]|as=Former U.S. Representative}}
{{s-end}}

{{USCongRep-start |congresses=102nd–110th [[United States Congress]]es |state=[[United States congressional delegations from Alabama|Alabama]]}}
{{USCongRep/AL/102}}
{{USCongRep/AL/103}}
{{USCongRep/AL/104}}
{{USCongRep/AL/105}}
{{USCongRep/AL/106}}
{{USCongRep/AL/107}}
{{USCongRep/AL/108}}
{{USCongRep/AL/109}}
{{USCongRep/AL/110}}
{{USCongRep-end}}
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cramer, Bud}}
[[Category:1947 births]]
[[Category:20th-century United States representatives]]
[[Category:20th-century Methodists]]
[[Category:21st-century United States representatives]]
[[Category:21st-century Methodists]]
[[Category:American United Methodists]]
[[Category:Democratic Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Alabama]]
[[Category:District attorneys in Alabama]]
[[Category:Lawyers from Huntsville, Alabama]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Members of Congress who became lobbyists]]
[[Category:Military personnel from Huntsville, Alabama]]
[[Category:Politicians from Huntsville, Alabama]]
[[Category:United States Army officers]]
[[Category:University of Alabama School of Law alumni]]