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{{Short description|Town in Lancashire, England}}
{{for multi|the larger local government district|Borough of Burnley|other uses}}
{{Use British English|date=January 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2014}}
{{Infobox UK place
| official_name            = Burnley
| country                  = England
| region                   = North West England
| static_image_name        = Burnley Montage.jpg
| static_image_width       = 270px
| static_image_caption     = Clockwise from top left: [[Burnley Town Hall]]; [[St Peter's Church, Burnley|St Peter's Church]]; Belle Vue Mill; View of eastern Burnley and the [[Forest of Pendle]]; St James's Street in the town centre
| area_total_km2           = {{convert|1582|ha|km2|2|disp=number}}
| area_footnotes           = <ref name=2001urban/>
| population               = 78,266
| population_ref           = ([[2021–2022 United Kingdom censuses|2021 census]])
| os_grid_reference        = SD836326
| coordinates              = {{coord|53.789|-2.248|display=inline,title}}
| post_town                = BURNLEY
| postcode_area            = BB
| postcode_district        = BB10-BB12
| dial_code                = 01282
| constituency_westminster = [[Burnley (UK Parliament constituency)|Burnley]]
| london_distance          = {{convert|181|mi|0|abbr=on}} [[Boxing the compass|SSE]]
| shire_district           = [[Burnley (borough)|Burnley]]
| shire_county             = [[Lancashire]]
| website                  = {{URL|burnley.co.uk}}
| type                     = Town
| pushpin_map              = United Kingdom Borough of Burnley#United Kingdom Burnley
| pushpin_map_caption      = Location within Burnley Borough##Location of town centre within Burnley
}}
'''Burnley''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|b|ɜr|n|l|i}}) is a town and the administrative centre of the wider [[Borough of Burnley]] in [[Lancashire]], England, with a [[2021 United Kingdom census|2021 population]] of 78,266.<ref>{{Cite web|date=March 2024|title=Burnley – local data profile|url=https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/6602fc9065ca2f8e6b7da865/Burnley.pdf|access-date=4 August 2024|website=gov.uk}}</ref> It is {{convert|21|mi|km|0}} north of [[Manchester]] and {{convert|20|mi|km|0}} east of [[Preston, Lancashire|Preston]], at the confluence of the [[River Calder, Lancashire|River Calder]] and [[River Brun]].

The town is located near the countryside to the south and east, with the towns of [[Padiham]] and [[Brierfield, Lancashire|Brierfield]] to the west and north respectively. It has a reputation as a regional centre of excellence for the manufacturing and aerospace industries.

The town began to develop in the early [[medieval]] period as a number of farming [[Hamlet (place)|hamlets]] surrounded by [[Manorialism|manor]] houses and [[royal forest]]s, and has held a market for more than 700 years. During the [[Industrial Revolution]] it became one of Lancashire's most prominent [[mill town]]s; at its peak, it was one of the world's largest producers of cotton cloth and a major centre of engineering.

Burnley has retained a strong manufacturing sector, and has strong economic links with the cities of Manchester and [[Leeds]], as well as neighbouring towns along the [[M65 motorway|M65]] corridor.  In 2013, in recognition of its success, it received an Enterprising Britain award from the UK Government as the Most Enterprising Area in the UK.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/burnley-named-most-enterprising-place-in-britain|title=Burnley named most enterprising place in Britain|website=Gov.uk|access-date=11 June 2022}}</ref> For the first time in more than 50 years, a direct train service now operates between the town's [[Burnley Manchester Road railway station|Manchester Road]] railway station and Manchester's [[Manchester Victoria station|Victoria]] station and onward to [[Headbolt Lane station|Headbolt Lane]] via the restored [[Calder Valley line#Todmorden curve|Todmorden Curve]], which opened in May 2015.

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==History==
===Toponymy===
The name Burnley is believed to have been derived from Brun Lea, meaning "meadow by the River Brun".{{sfn|Hall|1977|p=40}} Various other spellings have been used: Bronley (1241), Brunley (1251) and commonly Brumleye (1294)<ref>[http://www.british-history.ac.uk/report.aspx?compid=53152&strquery=burnley A History of the county of Lancaster vol 6: Burnley Township @ UK History] Accessed 2010</ref>

===Origins===
[[Stone Age]] [[flint tools]] and weapons have been found on the [[Moorland|moors]] around the town,{{sfn|Hall|1977|p=40}} as have numerous [[tumuli]], [[stone circles]], and some [[hill forts]] (see: [[Castercliff]], which dates from around 600 BC). Modern-day Back Lane, Stump Hall Lane and Noggarth Road broadly follow the route of a classic [[Ridgeway (road)|ridgeway]] running east–west to the north of the town, suggesting that the area was populated during [[pre-history]] and probably controlled by the [[Brigantes]].

Limited coin finds indicate a [[Roman Britain|Roman]] presence, but no evidence of a settlement has been found in the town. Gorple Road (running east from [[Worsthorne]]) appears to follow the route of a [[Roman roads in Britain|Roman]] road that may have crossed the present-day centre of town, on the way to the fort at [[Ribchester]].  It has been claimed that the nearby [[Earthworks (archaeology)|earthworks]] of Ring Stones Camp ({{Coord|53.793|N|2.174|W|}}),<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1009488|desc=Two Romano-British farmsteads known as Ring Stones|access-date=1 September 2012}}</ref> Twist Castle ({{Coord|53.800|N|2.171|W|}})<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1009497|desc=Twist Castle Romano-British farmstead|access-date=1 September 2012}}</ref> and Beadle Hill ({{Coord|53.803|N|2.169|W|}})<ref>{{National Heritage List for England|num=1009487|desc=Beadle Hill Romano-British farmstead|access-date=1 September 2012}}</ref> are of Roman origin, but little supporting [[archaeological]] information has been published.

Following the Roman period, the area became part of the kingdom of [[Rheged]], and then the kingdom of [[Northumbria]]. Local place-names [[Padiham]] and Habergham show the influence of the [[Angles (tribe)|Angles]], suggesting that some had settled in the area by the early 7th century;{{sfn|Hall|1977|p=40}} sometime later the land became part of the [[Hundred (county subdivision)|hundred]] of [[Blackburnshire]].

There is no definitive record of a settlement until after the [[Norman conquest of England]]. In 1122, a [[charter]] granted the church of Burnley to the [[monk]]s of [[Pontefract Abbey]].{{sfn|Hall|1977|p=40}} In its early days, Burnley was a small farming community, gaining a [[gristmill|corn mill]] in 1290,<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lowe|first=John|title=Burnley|publisher=Phillimore|year=1985|isbn=978-0-85033-595-8|page=158}}</ref> a market in 1294, and a [[Fulling|fulling mill]] in 1296. At this point, it was within the [[manorialism|manor]] of [[Ightenhill]], one of five that made up the [[Honor of Clitheroe]], then a far more significant settlement, and consisted of no more than 50 families. Little survives of early Burnley apart from the [[Market Cross]], erected in 1295, which now stands in the grounds of the old grammar school.{{sfn|Hall|1977|p=40}}

Over the next three centuries, Burnley grew in size to about 1,200 inhabitants by 1550, still centred around the church, [[St Peter's Church, Burnley|St Peter's]], in what is now known as "Top o' th' Town". Prosperous residents built larger houses, including [[Gawthorpe Hall]] in Padiham and [[Towneley Park|Towneley Hall]]. 

In 1532, St Peter's Church was largely rebuilt. Burnley's [[grammar school]] was founded in 1559, and moved into its own schoolhouse next to the church in 1602. Burnley began to develop in this period into a small [[market town]], with a population of not more than 2,000 by 1790.<ref name="Lan">{{cite journal |title=Our Centres of Industry - 1. Burnley |journal=Lancashire Faces & Places |date=January 1901 |volume=1 |issue=1 |pages=10–14}}</ref> It is known that [[weaving]] was established in the town by the middle of the 18th century, and in 1817 a new Market House was built. The town continued to be centred on St Peter's Church, until the market was moved to the bottom of what is today [[Manchester]] Road, at the end of the 19th century.{{sfn|Hall|1977|p=40}}

===Industrial Revolution===
{{further|Weavers' Triangle}}
In the second half of the 18th century, the manufacture of [[Cotton mill|cotton]] began to replace [[wool]]. Burnley's earliest known factories&nbsp;– dating from the mid-century&nbsp;– stood on the banks of the [[River Calder, Lancashire|River Calder]], close to where it is joined by the [[River Brun]], and relied on [[water power]] to drive the [[Spinning jenny|spinning machines]]. The first [[Toll roads in Great Britain|turnpike]] road through the area now known as Burnley was begun in 1754, linking the town to [[Blackburn]] and [[Colne]] eventually leading to the area of Brun Lea developing into a town, and by the mid 19th century, there were daily stagecoach journeys to [[Blackburn]], [[Skipton]] and [[Manchester]], the latter taking just over two hours.{{sfn|Hall|1977|p=40}}

The 18th century also saw the rapid development of [[coal mining]] on the [[Burnley Coalfield]]: the [[Drift mining|drift mines]] and shallow [[Bell pit|bell-pits]] of earlier centuries were replaced by deeper shafts, meeting industrial as well as domestic demand in Nelson, Colne and Padiham, and by 1800 there were over a dozen pits in the modern-day centre of the town alone.{{sfn|Hall|1977|p=40}}
[[File:LeedsLiverpoolCanalBurnley2.JPG|thumb|left|Burnley wharf on the [[Leeds and Liverpool Canal]]]]
The arrival of the [[Leeds and Liverpool Canal]] in 1796 made possible transportation of goods in bulk, bringing a huge boost to the area's economy and the town of Burnley was born. Dozens of new mills were constructed, along with many [[foundries]] and [[ironworks]] that supplied the [[cotton mills]] and coal mines with machinery and [[cast iron|cast]] and [[wrought iron]] for construction. The town became renowned for its mill-engines, and the [[Lancashire Loom|Burnley Loom]] was recognised as one of the best in the world.

A permanent military presence was established in the town with the completion of [[Burnley Barracks]] in 1820.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/parliamentarypa98commgoog/parliamentarypa98commgoog_djvu.txt|title=Parliamentary accounts and papers|publisher=UK Parliament|date=23 July 1847|access-date=9 December 2015}}</ref>

Disaster struck Burnley in 1824, when its only local bank, Holgate's Bank, collapsed,<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/5803798.banks-financial-crash-caused-misery-town/ | title=Bank's financial crash caused misery in town | work=Lancashire Telegraph | date=23 December 2004 }}</ref><ref>[https://archive.today/20120721143947/http://www.burnleyexpress.net/peek-into-the-past/How-the-collapse-of-Holgate39s.5428267.jp Burnley Express] Accessed 2010</ref> forcing the closure of some of the largest mills. This was followed by a summer drought, which caused serious problems for many of the other mills, leading to high levels of unemployment and possibly contributing to the national [[Panic of 1825]].{{cn|date=August 2024}}

By 1830, there were 32 [[Stationary steam engine|steam engines]] in cotton mills throughout the rapidly expanding town,{{sfn|Hall|1977|p=40}} an example of which, originally installed at Harle Syke Mill, is on display in the [[Science Museum (London)|Science Museum]] in London.<ref>[http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects/motive_power/1971-78.aspx Science Museum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100520232810/http://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects/motive_power/1971-78.aspx |date=20 May 2010 }} Accessed 2010</ref>

Around 1840, a traveller described the town as ugly, stating that: "parts of it were so situated that good architectural effects might have been obtained had the disposition and the resources co-existed".<ref name="Lan"/>

The [[Great Famine (Ireland)|Great Famine of Ireland]] led to an influx of Irish families during the 1840s, who formed a community in one of the poorest districts.  At one time, the Park District (modern-day town centre, around Parker St.) was known as Irish Park.

In 1848, the [[East Lancashire Railway 1844-1859|East Lancashire Railway Company]]'s extension from [[Accrington]] linked the town to the nation's nascent railway network for the first time. This was another significant boost to the local economy and, by 1851, the town's population had reached almost 21,000.{{sfn|Hall|1977|p=40}}

The [[Burnley Building Society#cite note-nat-arch-1|Burnley Building Society]], incorporated in Burnley in 1850, was, by 1911, not only 'by far the largest in the County of Lancashire... but the sixth in magnitude in the kingdom'.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/bb6711b3-7752-4a42-b87e-2ec271efd91e |title=Archived copy |access-date=10 September 2020 |archive-date=25 February 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225082037/https://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/r/bb6711b3-7752-4a42-b87e-2ec271efd91e |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The [[Lancashire Cotton Famine|Cotton Famine]] of 1861–1865, caused by the [[American Civil War]], was again disastrous for the town. However, the resumption of trade led to a quick recovery and, by 1866, the town was the largest producer of cotton cloth in the world.<ref>[http://www.burnley.gov.uk/youthscene/didyouknows.html Burnley Borough Council] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928165113/http://www.burnley.gov.uk/youthscene/didyouknows.html |date=28 September 2007 }}. Retrieved 6 September 2007.</ref> By the 1880s, the town was manufacturing more looms than anywhere in the country.<ref>[https://www.weaverstriangle.co.uk/history/foundries.htm Weavers triangle] Accessed 2010</ref>

In 1871, the population was 44,320, and had grown to 87,016 by 1891.<ref name="Lan"/> [[Burnley Town Hall]], designed by Holton and Fox of [[Dewsbury]], was built between 1885 and 1888.<ref name="Lan"/>

The Burnley Electric Lighting Order was granted in 1890, giving Burnley Corporation (which already controlled the supply of water and the making and sale of gas) a monopoly in the generation and sale of electricity in the town. The building of the coal-powered [[Burnley power station|Electricity Works]], in Grimshaw Street, began in 1891, close to the canal (the site of the modern-day Tesco supermarket) and the first supply was achieved on 22 August 1893, initially generating electricity for street lighting.<ref>[http://www.burnleyexpress.net/peek-into-the-past/The-histroy-of-Burnley39s-electricity.6119754.jp Burnley Express] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100617005444/http://www.burnleyexpress.net/peek-into-the-past/The-histroy-of-Burnley39s-electricity.6119754.jp |date=17 June 2010 }} Accessed 2010</ref>

The start of the 20th century saw Burnley's textile industry at the height of its prosperity. By 1901 there were 700,000 spindles and 62,000 looms at work in the textile industry. Other industries at that time included: brass and iron foundries, rope works, calico printing works, tanneries, paper mills, collieries and corn mills and granaries.<ref name="Lan"/> By 1910, there were approximately 99,000 [[power loom]]s in the town,<ref name="spin">{{cite web |title=The Story of the Cotton Industry |url=http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/m_display.php?irn=49&sub=nwcotton&theme=places&crumb=Burnley |work=Spinning The Web |access-date=13 June 2010 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20121224132035/http://www.spinningtheweb.org.uk/m_display.php?irn=49&sub=nwcotton&theme=places&crumb=Burnley |archive-date=24 December 2012 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> and it reached its peak population of over 100,000 in 1911.<ref name="vob" />  By 1920, the [[Burnley and District Weavers', Winders' and Beamers' Association]] had more than 20,000 members.<ref name="marsh">{{cite book|last1=Marsh|first1=Arthur|last2=Ryan|first2=Victoria|last3=Smethurst|first3=John B.|title=Historical Directory of Trade Unions|volume=4|date=1994|publisher=Ashgate|location=Farnham|isbn=9780859679008|pages=[https://archive.org/details/historicaldirect0004mars/page/102 102–103]|url=https://archive.org/details/historicaldirect0004mars/page/102}}</ref>  However, the First World War heralded the beginning of the collapse of the English textiles industry and the start of a steady decline in the town's population.<ref name="vob">{{Cite web |url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10055350&c_id=10001043&add=N |title=Burnley Lancashire through time &#124; Population Statistics &#124; Total Population |access-date=5 October 2006 |archive-date=1 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001031910/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/data_cube_table_page.jsp?data_theme=T_POP&data_cube=N_TPop&u_id=10055350&c_id=10001043&add=N |url-status=dead }}</ref> The [[Bank Parade drill hall]] was completed in the early 20th century.<ref name=5thBn>{{cite web |title=5th Battalion, East Lancashire Regiment |url=http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/volmil-england/vinf-no/la-E5.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071128004906/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/volmil-england/vinf-no/la-E5.htm |date=15 July 2000 |archive-date=28 November 2007 |work=Regiments.org |access-date=6 October 2009 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

There is a total of 191 [[listed buildings in Burnley]]&nbsp;– one Grade I (Towneley Hall), two Grade II* (St Peter's Church and Burnley Mechanics) and 188 Grade II.<ref>[http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/england/lancashire/burnley Listed Buildings in Burnley], Britishlistedbuildings.co.uk, Retrieved 3 September 2012</ref>

===World Wars===
Over 4000 men from Burnley were killed in the First World War, about 15 per cent of the male working-age population.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Otter |first1=Denis |title=World's largest internet honour for war victims |url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/5806503.worlds-largest-internet-honour-war-victims/ |website=Lancashire Telegraph |access-date=25 February 2022 |date=2 December 2004| archive-url=https://archive.today/20080103072041/http://archive.thisislancashire.co.uk/2004/12/2/456034.html|archive-date = 3 January 2008}}</ref>

250 volunteers, known as the Burnley Pals, made up Z Company of 11th Battalion, the [[East Lancashire Regiment]], a battalion that as a whole became known by the far more famous name of the [[Accrington Pals]]. [[Victoria Cross]]es were awarded to two soldiers from the town, [[Hugh Colvin]] and [[Thomas Whitham]], along with a third to resident (and only son of the chief constable) [[Alfred Victor Smith]]. In 1926 a memorial to the fallen was erected in [[Towneley Park]], funded by Caleb Thornber, former mayor and alderman of the borough to ensure the sacrifice of the men lost was commemorated. The local school of art created pages of vellum with the names of the fallen inscribed. These were framed in a rotating carousel in Towneley Hall for visitors to see. There were 2000 names inscribed – less than half the number of actual casualties.

The Burnley [[Magistrate (England and Wales)|Justices]] had [[delegation|delegated]] their authority to determine which pictures could be shown in local cinemas to a panel of three justices. In a [[judicial review]] in 1916 this was found to be an unlawful delegation of their authority.<ref>Rex. v. Burnley Justices ''ex parte'' Longmore (1916) 32 T. L. R. p. 698, referenced in [https://vlex.co.uk/vid/r-v-greater-london-793229733 R v Greater London Council, ex parte Blackburn], judgment dated 14 April 1976, accessed 29 May 2024</ref>

During the Second World War, Burnley largely escaped [[the Blitz]], with the only [[Luftwaffe]] bomb to known to have fallen within the town landing near the conservatory at [[Thompson Park (Burnley)|Thompson Park]] on 27 October 1940.<ref>{{NHLE |num=1001496 |desc=Thompson Park |fewer-links=y |access-date=20 July 2021}}</ref> In early 1941 a network of five [[Starfish site]] bombing decoys were established in the rural areas near Burnley, designed to protect [[Accrington]]. A site was located near Crown Point in [[Habergham Eaves]] with two on [[Hameldon Hill]], and others in [[Worsthorne-with-Hurstwood]] and near [[Haslingden]].<ref>{{HERR |num=1360177 |desc=Starfish Bombing Decoy Sf35e |fewer-links=y |access-date=20 July 2021}}</ref>

On 6 May 1941, a stick of eight bombs straddled houses around Rossendale Avenue on the southern edge of town, causing only minor damage. On the night of 12 October the control shelter at the Starfish site near Crown Point suffered a direct hit, killing [[Aircraftman]] L R Harwood, and severely injuring four other men.<ref>{{cite news |title=Blitzed! When Hitler's bombs brought death and terror |url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/6173197.blitzed-hitlers-bombs-brought-death-terror/ |access-date=20 July 2021 |work=Lancashire Telegraph |date=18 August 1997 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=RAF and Commonwealth Air Forces AIR81 |url=http://www.rafcommands.com/database/air81/index.php?qname=&qcntry=&cur=4800&qunit=&qnum=&qmem=&qdate=1941 |publisher=RAFCommands |access-date=19 July 2021}}</ref>

Although the [[Blackout (wartime)|blackout]] was enforced, most of the aircraft in the sky above the town would have been friendly and on training missions, or returning to the factories for maintenance. Aircraft crashes did occur, however: In September 1942 a [[Lockheed P-38 Lightning|P-38 Lightning]] from the [[14th Fighter Group]] [[United States Army Air Forces|USAAF]] crashed near [[Cliviger]], and Black Hameldon Hill claimed a [[Handley Page Halifax|Halifax]] from [[No. 51 Squadron RAF]] in January 1943, and also a [[Consolidated B-24 Liberator|B-24 Liberator]] from the [[491st Bombardment Group]] [[United States Army Air Forces|USAAF]] in February 1945.<ref>{{HERR |num=1436774 |mname=42-50668 |fewer-links=y |access-date=20 July 2021}}</ref> [[Lucas Industries]] set up [[shadow factory|shadow factories]], producing a wide range of electrical parts for the war effort. Notably they were involved with the [[Rover Company]]'s failed attempts (and [[Rolls-Royce Limited|Rolls-Royce]]'s later successful ones) to produce [[Frank Whittle]]'s pioneering [[jet engine]] design, the [[Power Jets W.2|W.2]] ([[Rolls-Royce Welland]]) in [[Barnoldswick]]. [[Magnesium Elektron]]'s factory in Lowerhouse became the largest [[magnesium]] production facility in Britain.<ref>[http://www.magnesium.com/w3/data-bank/article.php?mgw=196&magnesium=278 magnesium.com] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170625020400/http://www.magnesium.com/w3/data-bank/article.php?mgw=196&magnesium=278 |date=25 June 2017 }} Accessed 2010</ref> An unexpected benefit of the conflict for the residents of Burnley occurred in 1940. The [[Old Vic Theatre Company]] and the [[Sadler's Wells Opera]] and [[Sadler's Wells Ballet|Ballet]] Companies moved from London to the town's Victoria Theatre.

For their actions during the war, two [[Distinguished Service Order]]s and eight [[Distinguished Conduct Medal]]s, along with a large number of lesser awards, were awarded to servicemen from the town. Burnley's main war memorial stands in Place de Vitry sur Seine next to the central library.

===Post-Second World War===
The [[Queen Elizabeth II|Queen]], together with [[Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh|Prince Philip]], first visited the town as well as [[Nelson, Lancashire|Nelson]] and the [[Mullard]] valve factory at [[Simonstone, Lancashire|Simonstone]] near [[Padiham]] in 1955.<ref name = "Pathe">{{cite web |url=http://www.britishpathe.com/video/royal-tour-of-lancashire-1/query/Queen+Elizabeth+Burnley |title=Royal Tour Of Lancashire 1955 |publisher=British Pathé}}</ref>

There were widespread celebrations in the town in the summer of 1960, when [[Burnley FC]] won the old [[Football League First Division|first division]] to become Football League champions.

The Queen paid a second official visit to the town in summer 1961, marking the 100th anniversary of Burnley's borough status. The rest of the decade saw large-scale redevelopment in the town. Many buildings were [[demolished]] including the market hall, the cattle market, the Odeon cinema and thousands of mainly terraced houses. New construction projects included the Charter Walk shopping centre, Centenary Way and its [[overpass|flyover]], the Keirby Hotel, a new central bus station, a large scale housing development known as Trafalgar Gardens, and a number of office blocks. The town's largest coal mine, [[Bank Hall Colliery]], closed in April 1971 resulting in the loss of 571 jobs. The area of the mine has been restored as a park.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.geograph.org.uk/photo/675291 |title=Bank Hall park&nbsp;– picture and location map |publisher=Geograph.org.uk |access-date=5 August 2011}}</ref>

In 1980 Burnley was connected to the motorway network, through the construction of the first and second sections of the [[M65 motorway|M65]]. Although the route, next to the railway and over the former Clifton colliery site, was chosen to minimise the clearance of occupied land, Yatefield, Olive Mount and Whittlefield Mills, Burnley Barracks, and several hundred more [[terrace houses]] had to be demolished. Unusually this route passed close to the town centre and had a partitioning effect on the districts of Gannow, [[Ightenhill]], Whittlefield, Rose Grove and Lowerhouse to the north. The 1980s and 1990s saw massive expansion of [[Ightenhill]] and Whittlefield. Developers such as [[Bovis Homes Group|Bovis]], [[Barratt Developments|Barratt]] and Wainhomes built large [[housing estate]]s, predominantly on [[greenfield land]].

In summer 1992, the town came to national attention following rioting on the Stoops and Hargher Clough [[council estate]]s in the south west of the town.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/copycats-blamed-for-fresh-rioting-1534675.html |title='Copy-cats' blamed for fresh rioting |first=Kathy |last=Marks |newspaper=The Independent |date=22 July 1992 |access-date=28 January 2019}}</ref>

The [[millennium]] brought some improvement projects, notably the "Forest of Burnley" scheme,<ref>[http://www.visitburnley.com/countryside/ForestOfBurnley.php Visit Burnley] Accessed 2010</ref> which planted approximately a million trees throughout the town and its outskirts, and the creation of the Lowerhouse Lodges local [[nature reserve]].<ref>[http://www.lancswt.org.uk/Getting%20Involved/communityprojects/lowerhouse_lodges.htm Lancashire Wildlife Trust] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081205021651/http://www.lancswt.org.uk/Getting%20Involved/communityprojects/lowerhouse_lodges.htm |date=5 December 2008 }} Accessed 2010</ref>

In June 2001, during the [[2001 Oldham riots|2001 England riots]], the town again received national attention following a series of violent disturbances arising from [[Race (classification of human beings)|racial]] tensions between some of its White and Asian residents.<ref>[https://image.guardian.co.uk/sys-files/Guardian/documents/2001/12/11/Burnleytaskforce.pdf Burnley Task Force report]. Retrieved 6 September 2007</ref>

==Governance==
Burnley was incorporated as a [[municipal borough]] in 1861, a Parliamentary Borough returning one member in 1867<ref name="Lan"/> and became, under the [[Local Government Act 1888]], a [[county borough]] outside the administrative county of Lancashire. Under the [[Local Government Act 1972]] Burnley's [[county borough]] status was abolished, and it was incorporated with neighbouring areas into the [[non-metropolitan district]] of [[Borough of Burnley|Burnley]].

Burnley has three tiers of government: [[Local government in England|Local government]] responsibilities are shared by [[Burnley (borough)|Burnley Borough Council]] and [[Lancashire County Council]]; at a national level the town gives its name to a seat in the [[Parliament of the United Kingdom|United Kingdom parliament]]. While the town itself is unparished, the rest of the borough has one further, bottom tier of government, the [[Parish councils in England|parish or town council]].<ref>[http://www.burnley.gov.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?categoryID=459&documentID=780 Burnley Borough Council] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071014153612/http://www.burnley.gov.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?categoryID=459&documentID=780 |date=14 October 2007 }}. Retrieved 18 September 2007.</ref>

===Borough Council===
{{Main|Borough of Burnley}}
{{See also|Burnley local elections}}
[[File:Town Hall, Burnley.jpg|thumb|[[Burnley Town Hall]] on Manchester Road]]
Burnley Borough Council is currently governed by a multi-party coalition. The role of mayor is a ceremonial post which rotates annually and for 2020-21 is [[Wajid Khan (British politician)|Wajid Khan]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.burnley.gov.uk/about-council/mayor |title=The Mayor of Burnley 2020/21 &#124; Burnley Borough Council |access-date=3 November 2020 |archive-date=20 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020202112/https://www.burnley.gov.uk/about-council/mayor |url-status=dead }}</ref> ([[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]]).

The borough comprises 15 [[Wards of the United Kingdom|wards]], 12 of which&nbsp;– Bank Hall, [[Briercliffe]], Brunshaw, Coal Clough with Deerplay, Daneshouse with Stoneyholme, Gannow, Lanehead, Queensgate, Rosegrove with Lowerhouse, Rosehill with Burnley Wood, Trinity, and Whittlefield with Ightenhill&nbsp;– fall within the town itself. The remaining three&nbsp;– Cliviger with Worsthorne, Gawthorpe, and Hapton with Park, cover the neighbouring town of [[Padiham]] and a number of villages.<ref>[http://www.burnley.gov.uk/site/scripts/download_info.php?fileID=513 Burnley Borough Council] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071027003912/http://www.burnley.gov.uk/site/scripts/download_info.php?fileID=513 |date=27 October 2007 }}. Retrieved 6 November 2007.</ref>

===County Council===
[[Lancashire County Council]] is currently controlled by the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] and has been since 2017. They have had only one other term in power between 2009 – 2013, the rest of the time from 1981, the council has been under [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] control. The borough is represented on the council in six [[County constituency|divisions]]: Burnley Central East, Burnley Central West, Burnley North East, Burnley Rural, Burnley South West, and Padiham & Burnley West.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www3.lancashire.gov.uk/council/councillors/councillorsAreas.asp |title=County Councillors Areas (A-Z) |access-date=6 November 2007 |archive-date=5 May 2010 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100505210444/http://www3.lancashire.gov.uk/council/councillors/councillorsAreas.asp |url-status=dead }}</ref>

===National===
The [[Burnley (UK Parliament constituency)|constituency of Burnley]] elects a single member of Parliament (MP). In the [[2024 United Kingdom general election|2024 election]] Burnley elected [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour]] MP [[Oliver Ryan (politician)|Oliver Ryan]]. Previously, in the [[2019 United Kingdom general election|general election in 2019]], the town elected [[Antony Higginbotham]], its first [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] MP in over 100 years.<ref>{{cite news |title=Burnley turns blue as Conservatives win seat after more than a century |url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/18099652.burnley-turns-blue-century/ |access-date=20 January 2020 |work=Lancashire Telegraph |date=13 December 2019 |language=en}}</ref> The constituency had been represented by MPs of the [[Labour Party (UK)|Labour Party]] since [[1935 United Kingdom general election|1935]], apart from 2010 – 2015, when it was represented by [[Gordon Birtwistle]], a [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrat]]. [[Richard Shaw (Liberal politician)|Richard Shaw]] was the town's first MP in [[1868 United Kingdom general election|1868]]. Arguably its most notable MP was former [[Leader of the Labour Party (UK)|leader of the Labour Party]] and [[Nobel Peace Prize]] laureate [[Arthur Henderson]].

==Geography==
[[File:Riverbrun.jpg|thumb|right|The [[River Brun]] as it flows through Burnley]]
The town lies in a natural three-forked [[valley]] at the [[confluence]] of the [[River Brun]] and the [[River Calder, Lancashire|River Calder]], surrounded by open fields, with wild [[moorland]] at higher altitudes. To the west of Burnley lie the towns of [[Padiham]], [[Accrington]] and [[Blackburn]], with [[Nelson, Lancashire|Nelson]] and [[Colne]] to the north. The centre of the town stands at approximately {{convert|118|m|ft|0|order=flip}} above sea level and {{convert|30|mi|km|0}} east of the [[Irish Sea]] coast.

Areas in the town include: [[Burnley Wood]], [[Rose Hill, Lancashire|Rose Hill]], Healey Wood, [[Harle Syke]], [[Haggate]], Daneshouse, [[Stoneyholme]], Burnley Lane, Heasandford, Brunshaw, Pike Hill, Gannow, [[Ightenhill]], Whittlefield, Rose Grove, Habergham, and Lowerhouse. Although [[Reedley Hallows|Reedley]] is considered to be a suburb of the town, it is actually part of the neighbouring borough of [[Borough of Pendle|Pendle]].

To the north west of the town, and home of the [[Pendle Witches]], is the imposing [[Pendle Hill]], which rises to {{convert|557|m|ft|0|order=flip}}, beyond which lie [[Clitheroe]] and the [[Ribble Valley]]. To the south west, [[Hameldon Hill]] rises to {{convert|409|m|ft|0|order=flip}}, on top of which are the [[Met Office]] north west England [[weather radar]], a [[BBC]] radio transmitter, and a number of [[microwave]] communication towers. This site was the first place in the UK chosen for an unmanned weather radar, beginning operation in 1979; it is one of 18 that cover the British Isles.<ref>[http://www.metoffice.gov.uk/weather/uk/radar/tech.html Met Office Weather Radar] Accessed 2010</ref> Also since 2007 the three turbines of the Hameldon Hill wind farm have stood on its northern flank. To the east of the town lie the {{convert|511|m|ft|0|order=flip}} [[Boulsworth Hill]] and the moors of the [[South Pennines]], and to the south, the [[Forest of Rossendale]]. On the hills above the [[Cliviger]] area to the south east of the town stands [[Coal Clough Wind Farm|Coal Clough]] [[wind farm]], whose white turbines are visible from most of the town. Built in 1992 amidst local controversy, it was one of the first wind farm projects in the UK. Nearby, the landmark [[RIBA]] Award-winning [[Panopticons|Panopticon]] ''[[Singing Ringing Tree (Panopticons)|Singing Ringing Tree]]'', overlooking the town from the hills at Crown Point, was installed in 2006.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.panopticons.uk.net/|title=Welcome to Francesco's!|website=Panopticons.uk.net|access-date=11 June 2022}}</ref>

Due to its hilly terrain and mining history, rural areas of modern Burnley encroach on the urban ones to within a mile of the town centre on the south, north west and north east.

The [[Pennine Way]] passes six miles (10&nbsp;km) east of Burnley; the [[Mary Towneley Loop]], part of the [[Pennine Bridleway]], the [[Brontë Way]] and the [[Burnley Way]] offer riders and walkers clearly signed routes through the countryside immediately surrounding the town.

Burnley has a [[temperate]] [[Oceanic climate|maritime]] climate, with relatively cool summers and mild winters. There is regular but generally light [[Precipitation (meteorology)|precipitation]] throughout the year, contributing to a relatively high [[humidity]] level. While [[snowfall]] occasionally occurs during the winter months, the temperature is rarely low enough for it to build up on the ground in any quantity. The town is believed to be the first place in the UK where regular rainfall measurements were taken (by [[Richard Towneley]], beginning in 1677).

{| border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="margin:auto;"
|-
| style="width:600px;" |
|-
|<!--col1-->{{Geographic location
|title     = '''Neighbouring towns, villages and places'''
|Northwest = [[Clitheroe]]
|North     = ''[[Pendle Hill]]''
|Northeast = [[Nelson, Lancashire|Nelson]]
|West      = [[Padiham]]
|Centre    = Burnley
|East      = ''[[South Pennines]]''
|Southwest = [[Accrington]]
|South     = ''[[Rossendale Valley|Rossendale]]''
|Southeast = [[Todmorden]]
}}
|}<!--end wikitable-->
{{Weather box
|location = Stonyhurst station (10 miles northwest of Burnley), elevation 115m, 1991-2020 normals
|single line = Yes
|metric first = Yes

|Jan high C = 6.73
|Feb high C = 7.30
|Mar high C = 9.36
|Apr high C = 12.27
|May high C = 15.44
|Jun high C = 17.96
|Jul high C = 19.59
|Aug high C = 19.21
|Sep high C = 16.91
|Oct high C = 13.32
|Nov high C = 9.65
|Dec high C = 7.19

|Jan low C = 1.85
|Feb low C = 1.83
|Mar low C = 2.96
|Apr low C = 4.68
|May low C = 7.25
|Jun low C = 10.03
|Jul low C = 11.97
|Aug low C = 11.88
|Sep low C = 9.85
|Oct low C = 7.24
|Nov low C = 4.32
|Dec low C = 2.10

|Jan precipitation mm = 119.02
|Feb precipitation mm = 108.51
|Mar precipitation mm = 92.44
|Apr precipitation mm = 65.44
|May precipitation mm = 74.46
|Jun precipitation mm = 90.15
|Jul precipitation mm = 102.99
|Aug precipitation mm = 113.58
|Sep precipitation mm = 118.33
|Oct precipitation mm = 135.22
|Nov precipitation mm = 135.01
|Dec precipitation mm = 159.36

|Jan sun = 47.62
|Feb sun = 70.42
|Mar sun = 104.93
|Apr sun = 161.20
|May sun = 183.75
|Jun sun = 173.07
|Jul sun = 154.67
|Aug sun = 165.09
|Sep sun = 119.17
|Oct sun = 95.23
|Nov sun = 63.07
|Dec sun = 40.27

|Jan rain days = 17.01
|Feb rain days = 13.93
|Mar rain days = 13.83
|Apr rain days = 11.83
|May rain days = 11.76
|Jun rain days = 12.62
|Jul rain days = 13.81
|Aug rain days = 15.11
|Sep rain days = 14.34
|Oct rain days = 15.96
|Nov rain days = 17.66
|Dec rain days = 17.56

|year high C = 12.94
|year low C = 6.35
|year precipitation mm = 1314.51
|year sun = 1378.49
|year rain days = 175.42

|source 1 = UK Climate Averages. Met Office. [https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/climate/maps-and-data/uk-climate-averages/gcw4rg5df]
}}

==Demography==
<div style="padding-right:1.5em;">
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="float: right; margin: .3em; width: 25%; border:1px solid #BBB;" cellspacing=3
|-
|+[[Borough of Burnley]] ethnicity compared
|-
![[United Kingdom Census 2011|UK Census 2011]]||[[Borough of Burnley|Burnley]]<ref name=2011Census>{{NOMIS2011|id=1946157091|title=Burnley Local Authority|access-date=9 February 2018}}</ref>||[[North West England|NW England]]<ref>{{NOMIS2011|id=2013265922|title=North West Region|fewer-links=yes|access-date=9 February 2018}}</ref>||[[England]]<ref>{{NOMIS2011|id=2092957699|title=England Country|fewer-links=yes|access-date=9 February 2018}}</ref>
|-
|Total population||87,059||7,052,177||53,012,456
|-
|Foreign born||7.7%||8.2%||13.8%
|-
|White||87.4%||90.2%||85.4%
|-
|Asian||10.7%||5.5%||7.1%
|-
|Black||0.2%||1.4%||3.5%
|-
|Christian||63.6%||67.3%||59.4%
|-
|Muslim||9.9%||5.1%||5.0%
|-
|Hindu||0.2%||0.5%||1.5%
|-
|No religion||19.7%||19.8%||24.7%
|-
|Under 18 years old||22.2%||21.2%||21.4%
|-
|Over 65 years old||16.2%||16.6%||16.3%
|-
|Unemployed||5.3%||4.7%||4.4%
|-
|Perm. sick / disabled||7.0%||5.6%||4.0%
|}
</div>
The [[2001 United Kingdom census]] showed a total resident population for the Burnley subdivision of the [[Burnley Built-up area]] of 73,021. The entire built-up area, which includes [[Nelson, Lancashire|Nelson]], [[Colne]] and [[Brierfield, Lancashire|Brierfield]] had a population of 149,796; for comparison purposes, this was about the same size as [[Oxford]] or [[Swindon]] in South England.<ref name=2001urban>{{Citation |title=Table KS01 Usual resident population |url=http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/census/census-2001-key-statistics/urban-areas-in-england-and-wales/urban-areas-in-england-and-wales-ks01-usual-resident-population.xls |publisher=Office for National Statistics |archive-url=http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20040723231324/http://www.statistics.gov.uk/StatBase/Expodata/Spreadsheets/D8271.xls |archive-date=23 July 2004 |access-date=9 August 2014 |url-status=live }}</ref> At that time the racial composition of the wider [[Local authority district|local government district]] (the [[Borough of Burnley]]) was 91.77% white and 7.16% South Asian or South Asian/British, predominantly from [[Bangladesh]]. The largest religious groups were Christian (74.46%) and [[Muslim]] (6.58%). 59.02% of adults between the ages of 16 and 74 were classed as economically active and in work.<ref name =pop>[http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=3&b=277016&c=burnley&d=13&e=16&g=461341&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&enc=1 Office for National Statistics. 2001 census.] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150726004814/http://neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadKeyFigures.do?a=3&b=277016&c=burnley&d=13&e=16&g=461341&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&enc=1 |date=26 July 2015 }} Accessed 6 September 2007.</ref> In the [[2011 United Kingdom census]], these figures had changed to 87.4% white and 10.7% South Asian or South Asian/British, with 63.6% identifying as Christian and 9.9% Muslim.<ref name=2011Census/> The Burnley Built-up area, had a population of 149,422 according to the 2011 census.<ref>{{NOMIS2011|id=E34004743|title=Burnley Built-up area|access-date=6 March 2021}}</ref> The ONS annual population survey for the year Apr 2013–Mar 2014 showed that 63.1% of adults between the ages of 16 and 64 were classed as economically active.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web|url=https://www.nomisweb.co.uk/reports/lmp/la/1946157091/report.aspx?town=burnley|title=Labour Market Profile - Nomis - Official Labour Market Statistics|website=Nomisweb.co.uk|access-date=11 June 2022}}</ref>

The majority of its Asian residents live in the neighbouring Daneshouse and [[Stoneyholme]] districts.  In total, the size of its Asian community is much smaller than that in nearby towns such as [[Blackburn#Demography|Blackburn]] and [[Oldham#Demography|Oldham]].

In February 2010, the ''[[Lancashire Telegraph]]'' reported that Burnley topped [[Home Office]] figures for the highest number of burglaries per head in England and Wales between April 2008&nbsp;– April 2009.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/4910206.Burnley_named_as_burglary_capital_of_England |title=Burnley named as burglary capital of England |work=Lancashire Telegraph |date=5 February 2010 |access-date=5 August 2011}}</ref> This claim (minus the dates) was repeated during one of the questions in the first of the televised [[United Kingdom general election debates, 2010|2010 general election debates]].<ref>{{cite web|author=ITV1 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rk5HvJmy_yg | archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211113/rk5HvJmy_yg| archive-date=2021-11-13 | url-status=live|title=1st leaders debate video |publisher=YouTube |date=15 April 2010 |access-date=5 August 2011}}{{cbignore}}</ref> However, in May 2010, the [[NPIA]] Local Crime Mapping System (believed to be the source of the data in the report) listed a 49.5% drop in this rate on the previous year.

Burnley has some of the lowest property prices in the country, with numerous streets appearing in the annual mouseprice.com most affordable streets in England and [[Wales]] report.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mouseprice.com/Articles/public/upload/Most-Affordable-Street-Rankings-2008.pdf |title=2008 Affordable Street Rankings |access-date=5 August 2011 |archive-date=30 September 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110930210535/http://www.mouseprice.com/Articles/public/upload/Most-Affordable-Street-Rankings-2008.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://info.mouseprice.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Mouseprice-Most-Affordable-Streets-2009-Report3.pdf |title=2009 Affordable Street Rankings |access-date=27 February 2013 |archive-date=14 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714121852/http://info.mouseprice.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Mouseprice-Most-Affordable-Streets-2009-Report3.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://info.mouseprice.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Mouseprice-most-affordable-streets-20102.pdf |title=2010 Affordable Street Rankings |access-date=27 February 2013 |archive-date=14 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714173332/http://info.mouseprice.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Mouseprice-most-affordable-streets-20102.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://info.mouseprice.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Mouseprice-most-affordable-streets-20112.pdf |title=2011 Affordable Street Rankings |access-date=27 February 2013 |archive-date=14 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714223429/http://info.mouseprice.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/11/Mouseprice-most-affordable-streets-20112.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref> These streets are concentrated in areas of [[terrace housing]] in poorer [[neighbourhoods]] adjacent to the [[town centre]]. Between 2005 and 2010, approximately £65m of [[UK government|government]] funds was invested into these areas through the Elevate East Lancashire housing market renewal company (replaced by Regenerate Pennine Lancashire in 2010).


{| class="wikitable" style="margin:1em auto 1em auto; border:0; text-align:center; line-height:120%;"
|+Population of Burnley
|-
!Year
! 1911
! 1921
! 1931
! 1939
! 1951
! 1961
! 1971
! 2001
|- style="text-align:center;"
! Population
| 106,322
| 103,157
| 89,258
| 85,400
| 84,987
| 80,559
| 76,489
| 73,021
|-
| colspan="22" style="text-align:center;"|<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10055350/cube/TOT_POP |title=Burnley CB/MB through time &#124; Population Statistics &#124; Total Population |access-date=9 August 2014 |archive-date=10 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810111211/http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10055350/cube/TOT_POP |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|}
{{Clear}}

==Economy==
[[File:Market Hall - geograph.org.uk - 849463.jpg|thumb|right|Burnley Market, Charter Walk]]
In 2013, Burnley was awarded an Enterprising Britain award from the UK Government for being the 'Most Enterprising Area in the UK'.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/burnley-named-most-enterprising-place-in-britain |title=Burnley named most enterprising place in Britain |date=27 August 2013 |access-date=7 April 2014 |publisher=[[Department for Business, Innovation and Skills]]}}</ref> This accolade subsequently received praise from the British Prime Minister, David Cameron,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/10655927.David_Cameron_heaps_praise_on_Burnley_Bondholders_scheme/ |title=David Cameron heaps praise on Burnley Bondholders scheme |first=Chris |last=Adams |work=Lancashire Telegraph|date=5 September 2013 }}</ref> and His Royal Highness, the Prince of Wales.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.burnley.gov.uk/news/prince-charles-joins-congratulations-burnley-being-named-britain%E2%80%99s-most-enterprising-area |title=Prince Charles joins congratulations for Burnley being named Britain's Most Enterprising Area |publisher=Burnley Borough Council |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131101235742/http://www.burnley.gov.uk/news/prince-charles-joins-congratulations-burnley-being-named-britain%E2%80%99s-most-enterprising-area |archive-date=1 November 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

A series of high-profile regeneration schemes, including: a direct rail link to Manchester,<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-lancashire-15519605 | work=BBC News | title=Todmorden Curve £8.8m reinstatement approved | date=31 October 2011}}</ref> an aerospace supply village<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/10298850.First_tenants_for_Burnley_s___1_4million_aerospace_hub_unveiled/|title=First tenants for Burnley's £1.4million aerospace hub unveiled |first=Peter |last=Magill |work=Lancashire Telegraph}}</ref> and multimillion-pound investment in the former Victorian industrial heartland through a project called 'On The Banks' <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.onthebanks.co.uk/barnfield-burnley-developments-ltd/ |title=Barnfield & Burnley Developments Ltd |work=On the Banks |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131102145500/http://www.onthebanks.co.uk/barnfield-burnley-developments-ltd/ |archive-date=2 November 2013 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> are radically transforming the economy of the Lancashire town. Although traditional manufacturing has been in decline in the town for several decades, high end advanced manufacturing remains very strong in the town. The Secretary of State for Business, Innovation and Skills, [[Vince Cable]], said in 2013: "Burnley in the north of Lancashire is currently now booming economically on the back of manufacturing and proximity to the aerospace industry."<ref>{{cite web |url=http://burnley.co.uk/invest/vince-cable-burnleys-manufacturing-booming/6546/#sthash.7gVKbMZw.dpuf |title=Vince Cable: Burnley's manufacturing 'booming' |work=Burnley Borough Council |access-date=8 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811100517/http://burnley.co.uk/invest/vince-cable-burnleys-manufacturing-booming/6546/#sthash.7gVKbMZw.dpuf |archive-date=11 August 2014 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Cable praised the town again in 2014 saying: "If every other part of Britain was like Burnley we wouldn't be talking about a recession".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://burnley.co.uk/invest/vince-cable-opens-new-50m-business-park/8051/#sthash.F4PBuel9.dpuf |title=Vince Cable opens new £50m business park |work=Burnley Borough Council |access-date=8 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811095013/http://burnley.co.uk/invest/vince-cable-opens-new-50m-business-park/8051/#sthash.F4PBuel9.dpuf |archive-date=11 August 2014 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

The last deep coal mine, [[Hapton Valley Colliery]], closed in February 1981<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/15520421.nostalgia-last-day-coal-hapton-valley-colliery-burnley-1982/|title=NOSTALGIA: The last day of coal at Hapton Valley Colliery, Burnley in 1982|website=Lancashire Telegraph|date=7 September 2017 |access-date=25 February 2022}}</ref> and the last steam-powered mill, [[Queen Street Mill]], in 1982. Over the next two decades, Burnley's three largest manufacturers closed their factories: BEP in 1992, Prestige in July 1997 and  [[Michelin]] in 2002.<ref>{{cite web |title=Prestige: some jobs are saved |url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/6176269.prestige-jobs-saved/ |website=Lancashire Telegraph |access-date=25 February 2022 |date=5 July 1997| archiveurl=https://archive.today/20080103072041/http://archive.thisislancashire.co.uk/1997/7/5/823892.html
 | archivedate = 3 January 2008}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=End of an era |url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/5926547.end-era/ |website=Lancashire Telegraph |access-date=25 February 2022 |date=30 December 2002| archive-url = https://archive.today/20080103072041/http://archive.thisislancashire.co.uk/2002/12/30/575717.html
 | archive-date = 3 January 2008}}</ref> The town has struggled to recover: its employment growth between 1995 and 2004 placed it 55th of England's 56 largest towns and cities,<ref>[http://www.ippr.org/members/download.asp?f=/ecomm/files/two_track_cities.pdf&a=skip Institute for Public Policy Research] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928075355/http://www.ippr.org/members/download.asp?f=%2Fecomm%2Ffiles%2Ftwo_track_cities.pdf&a=skip |date=28 September 2007 }}. Retrieved 6 September 2007.</ref> and as of 2007 it was the 21st most deprived local authority (out of 354) in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=3&b=277016&c=burnley&d=13&e=10&g=461341&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1201351160842&enc=1&dsFamilyId=1891 |title=Check Browser Settings |access-date=26 January 2008 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304102922/http://www.neighbourhood.statistics.gov.uk/dissemination/LeadTableView.do?a=3&b=277016&c=burnley&d=13&e=10&g=461341&i=1001x1003x1004&m=0&r=1&s=1201351160842&enc=1&dsFamilyId=1891 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In 2016, a study by the [[Joseph Rowntree Foundation]] put Rochdale, Burnley and Bolton at top of a list of the 74 largest UK cities and towns faring worst compared with UK trends.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/society/2016/feb/29/uk-10-of-12-most-declining-cities-are-in-north-england-rochdale-burnley-bolton Ten of top 12 most declining UK cities are in north of England – report], ''The Guardian'', 29 February 2016, accessed 12 February 2017</ref> 10.1% of its working age population currently claims [[incapacity benefit]] and ESA (national average 6.2%).<ref name="auto"/> The largest employment sector in the town is now Health (21%), followed by Manufacturing (16%).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.burnley.gov.uk/business/business-support-advice/statistics |title=Statistics &#124; Burnley Borough Council |access-date=8 August 2014 |archive-date=8 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140808182314/http://www.burnley.gov.uk/business/business-support-advice/statistics |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Home shopping firm [[Shop Direct]] announced in January 2010 that it was to close its Burnley call centre with the loss of 450 jobs.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10458884 |title=Shop Direct call centre closes in Burnley |work=BBC News |date=30 June 2010 |access-date=5 August 2011}}</ref> The company, which owns [[Littlewoods]], Additions Direct, Very, Empire Stores and Marshall Ward, had been in the town for over 30 years, originally as [[Great Universal Stores]] but now known as [[GUS plc]].

Modern economic developments have been [[industrial estates]] and [[business park]]s with the following currently in Burnley:<ref>[http://www.burnley.gov.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?documentID=124&categoryID=200018&pageNumber=1 Burnley Council] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615095442/http://www.burnley.gov.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?documentID=124&categoryID=200018&pageNumber=1 |date=15 June 2011 }} Accessed 2010</ref> Heasandford, Rossendale Road, and Healeywood Industrial Estates; Network 65, Shuttleworth Mead, Smallshaw & Chestnut, Elm Street, and Gannow Business Parks; and Burnham Gate Trading Estate. A further large business park called Burnley Bridge, on a site near [[Hapton, Lancashire|Hapton]] formerly belonging to Hepworth Plastics<ref>[http://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/business/5081592.Bridge_go_ahead_unlocks_Burnley_industrial_park/ This is Lancashire] Accessed 2010</ref> has recently opened.

Key manufacturing employers today are in highly specialised fields: [[SAFRAN|Safran Aircelle]] (aerospace), [[GE]] subsidiary Unison Engine Components (aerospace), [[AMS Neve]] (professional audio), and [[TRW Automotive]] and Futaba-[[Tenneco]] UK (automotive components).<ref>[http://www.culture.gov.uk/CAP/eip/eip_docs/blackpool/post_info/CLCRbrochure_Oct06.pdf Central Lancashire City Region Development Programme] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070729031458/http://www.culture.gov.uk/cap/eip/eip_docs/blackpool/post_info/CLCRbrochure_Oct06.pdf |date=29 July 2007 }}. Retrieved 11 September 2007.</ref> In 2011 Gardner Aerospace, which made parts for the [[Eurofighter Typhoon]], closed its site, with the loss of 120 jobs.<ref>{{cite web |last=Magill |first=Peter |title=120 jobs to go as Burnley aero site closes |url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/8968400.120-jobs-go-burnley-aero-site-closes/ |website=Lancashire Telegraph |access-date=25 February 2022 |date=12 April 2011}}</ref> The town has also had a long association with [[Endsleigh Insurance]] Services, providing its main training facility and an important call centre. Endsleigh acquired a number of the former Burnley Building Society's properties in the town centre following its merger with the Provincial Building Society and subsequent merger with the Abbey National. It also hosts the head office of [[The Original Factory Shop]] chain. In 2004, the Lancashire Digital Technology Centre was opened by Sir [[Digby Jones]] on land formerly occupied by the Michelin factory, to provide support and incubation space for start-up technology companies.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lancsdtc.co.uk/|title=Lancashire Digital Technology Centre|access-date=1 September 2007|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070825170022/http://www.lancsdtc.co.uk/|archive-date=25 August 2007|url-status=dead}}</ref> The rest of the Michelin site has recently been opened as Innovation Drive, a new business park aimed at businesses in the Aerospace and Advanced Manufacturing supply chain.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://burnley.co.uk/invest/key-developments/innovation-drive/|title=Innovation Drive|work=Burnley|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811100219/http://burnley.co.uk/invest/key-developments/innovation-drive/|archive-date=11 August 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

Continuing the town's historic association with fabric weaving is Ian Mankin Ltd, a company which manufactures high quality, natural woven fabrics and furnishings using only natural, recycled or certified organic fibres, at Ashfield Mill, Active Way, Burnley BB11 1BS, on the northern edge of the [[Weavers' Triangle]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ianmankin.co.uk/ |title=Ian Mankin &#124; British Weavers of Designer Fabrics |access-date=7 March 2022 |archive-date=7 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307100554/https://www.ianmankin.co.uk/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> The company also supplies fabrics to the [[Landmark Trust]] for use in their restoration of historic buildings across the UK.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ianmankin.co.uk/blog/the-most-beautiful-affordable-holiday-homes-restored-and-repaired-by-the-landmark-trust/ |title=The Most Beautiful Landmark Trust Holiday Homes &#124; Ian Mankin |access-date=7 March 2022 |archive-date=7 March 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220307100849/https://www.ianmankin.co.uk/blog/the-most-beautiful-affordable-holiday-homes-restored-and-repaired-by-the-landmark-trust/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Burnley's main shopping area is St James Street, along with the nearby Charter Walk Shopping Centre. The [[YMCA]] claimed to have opened the largest [[charity shop]] in the UK in 2009, when they temporarily took over the former [[Woolworths (United Kingdom)|Woolworths]] store in the centre.<ref>[http://www.ymca.org.uk/pooled/articles/BF_NEWSART/view.asp?Q=BF_NEWSART_313565 YMCA] {{Webarchive|url=http://arquivo.pt/wayback/20090718074811/http://www.ymca.org.uk/pooled/articles/BF_NEWSART/view.asp?Q%3DBF_NEWSART_313565 |date=18 July 2009 }} Accessed 2010</ref> The shopping centre was sold in 2001 by [[Great Portland Estates]] to Sapphire Retail Fund, which was 50% owned by [[David and Simon Reuben|the Reuben Brothers]]. The centre was bought in March 2011 by Addington Capital following the 2010 collapse of Sapphire Retail Fund.<ref>[https://www.ft.com/content/612558fc-b06a-11df-8c04-00144feabdc0 Financial Times] Accessed 2010</ref> The centre incorporates the council-run market which is open four days a week.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://visitburnley.com/discover/burnley-markets/|title=Visit Burnley|access-date=2 January 2018}}</ref>

The town centre is home to a large number of [[high street]] multiples, along with other shops, including specialist food shops, independent record shops and an independent bookshop. On the edge of the town centre, there are four [[retail park]]s; there are also a number of [[Outlet store|mill shops]]. Plans have been in place since 2004 to construct a second town centre shopping centre, originally called 'The Oval'.<ref>{{cite news|title=20 More stores for our town|url=http://www.burnleyexpress.net/news/local-news/20_more_stores_for_our_town_1_1703979|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120803162210/http://www.burnleyexpress.net/news/local-news/20_more_stores_for_our_town_1_1703979|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 August 2012|newspaper=[[Burnley Express]]|date=30 July 2004|access-date=14 January 2012}}</ref> By the time a sufficient number of tenants had signed up to begin construction, the effects of the [[Great Recession]] cast doubts over the viability of the project. In early 2011, fresh plans were released for a considerably smaller scheme involving a cluster of retail units.<ref>{{cite news|title=Burnley new shopping centre moves step closer|url=http://www.burnleyexpress.net/news/local-news/burnley_new_shopping_centre_moves_step_closer_1_3037235|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120803004158/http://www.burnleyexpress.net/news/local-news/burnley_new_shopping_centre_moves_step_closer_1_3037235|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 August 2012|newspaper=[[Burnley Express]]|date=3 February 2011|access-date=14 January 2012}}</ref> The site is now earmarked for a cinema and restaurants and is due to open in 2016<ref>{{cite web|url=http://burnley.co.uk/invest/new-cinema-restaurants-coming-burnley/10379/|title=New cinema and restaurants coming to Burnley|work=Burnley|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811101103/http://burnley.co.uk/invest/new-cinema-restaurants-coming-burnley/10379/|archive-date=11 August 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref> As well as Woolworths, the [[Great Recession]] led to the closure of [[T J Hughes]], [[Miss Selfridge]], and [[HMV]] but the project gained new high street names in large retail units including Next and River Island. The Market Square is currently under redevelopment with a number of retailers already moved in and more said to be 'signed up' to move in once the development is complete.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://burnley.co.uk/invest/3m-green-light-for-burnley-centre/3364/|title=£3m Green light for Burnley centre|work=Burnley|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811095356/http://burnley.co.uk/invest/3m-green-light-for-burnley-centre/3364/|archive-date=11 August 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

The local brewery, [[Moorhouse's Brewery|Moorhouse's]], which was founded in 1865, produces a range of award-winning beers and currently operates six pubs in the area. The Worsthorne Brewing Company produces a number of cask ales.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.worsthornebrewingcompany.co.uk/2.html|title=Worsthorne Brewing Company|author=Michael Whittaker|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120423071645/http://www.worsthornebrewingcompany.co.uk/2.html|archive-date=23 April 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The Moonstone Brewery is operated within the "Ministry of Ale", Burnley's first Brewpub.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ministryofale.co.uk/ |title=HOME - ministryofale.co.uk |access-date=1 September 2012 |archive-date=24 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200424161508/http://www.ministryofale.co.uk/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Reedley Hallows Brewery was launched in 2012 by the former Head Brewer at Moorhouses.

== Religion ==
{{Main|Places of worship in Burnley}}
[[File:The Parish Church of St Peter, Burnley - geograph.org.uk - 763789.jpg|thumb|[[St Peter's Church, Burnley|St Peter's Church, Church Street]]]]
[[St Peter's Church, Burnley|St Peter's Church]], around which the town developed, dates from the 15th century, and is designated a Grade II* [[listed building]] by English Heritage. [[St Andrew's Church, Burnley|St Andrew's Church]] on Colne Road was built in 1866–67, to a design by J. Medland Taylor, and was restored in 1898 by the [[Lancaster, Lancashire|Lancaster]] architects [[Austin and Paley]]. It is designated a Grade II listed building. There are many other places of worship including those for [[Roman Catholic]]s, [[Baptist]]s, [[United Reformed Church]], [[Methodist]]s, [[Jehovah's Witness]]es, [[The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints|Latter-Day Saints]] and [[Spiritualist church|Spiritualist]]s.<ref>{{citation | url= https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Burnley | title=Burnley| publisher= GenUKI| access-date= 1 September 2012}}</ref>

The chapel at [[Towneley Hall]] was the centre for Roman Catholic worship in Burnley until modern times.<ref>{{Citation  | title = Towneley Chapel, Burnley – Roman Catholic | work = Burnley  | publisher = [[GENUKI]] | url = https://www.genuki.org.uk/big/eng/LAN/Burnley/TowneleyChapel.shtml|  access-date =2 September 2012}}</ref> Well before the [[Industrial Revolution]], the town saw the emergence of many [[Nonconformist (Protestantism)|non-conformist]] churches and chapels. In 1891 the town was the location of the meeting which saw the creation of the [[Baptist Union of Great Britain|Baptist Union of Great Britain and Ireland]].

Burnley has ten [[mosque]]s,<ref>[https://mosques.muslimsinbritain.org/show-browse.php?town=Burnley Mosques in Burnley, Lancashire], Mosques.muslimsinbriutain.org, Retrieved 5 September 2012</ref> with the first purpose-built premises opening in 2009.<ref>{{citation | url= https://www.burnleycitizen.co.uk/news/burnley/4680029.New___1_5million_mosque_opens_in_Burnley/ | title=New £1.5million mosque opens in Burnley| work=Lancashire Telegraph| date=14 October 2009| publisher= The Burnley Citizen| access-date= 1 September 2012}}</ref> A total of 17 religious buildings or structures are designated as [[listed building]]s&nbsp;– all Grade II by [[English Heritage]].<ref>[http://www.britishlistedbuildings.co.uk/england/lancashire/burnley Listed Buildings in Burnley], Britishlistedbuildings.co.uk, Retrieved 18 September 2012</ref>

==Landmarks==
===Leeds and Liverpool Canal===
Along the Burnley section of the canal are a number of notable features. The {{convert|1120|m|ft|0|adj=on|order=flip}} long and up to {{convert|18.25|m|ft|0|adj=on|order=flip}} high almost perfectly level embankment, known as [[Burnley Embankment|the Straight Mile]], was built between 1796 and 1801 (before the invention of the [[steam shovel]]), to avoid the need for [[Locks (water transport)|locks]]. It is regarded as one of the original seven wonders of the British [[waterway]]s.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.weaverstriangle.co.uk/straight.htm |title=Burnley Embankment - The Straight Mile |date=12 September 2007 |website= |access-date=11 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070912113247/http://www.weaverstriangle.co.uk/straight.htm |archive-date=12 September 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The much more modern (1980) Whittlefield motorway aqueduct is believed to be the first time a canal aqueduct was constructed over a motorway in the UK.

===Weavers' Triangle===
The [[Weavers' Triangle]] is an area west of Burnley town centre, consisting mostly of 19th-century industrial buildings, clustered around the [[Leeds and Liverpool Canal]]. The area has been identified as being of significant historical interest as the cotton mills and associated buildings encapsulate the social and economic development of the town and its weaving industry. From the 1980s, the area has been the focus of major redevelopment efforts.

===Singing Ringing Tree===
[[File:Singing Ringing Tree Stitch.jpg|thumb|right|The [[Singing Ringing Tree (sculpture)|Singing Ringing Tree]], overlooking Burnley]]
The [[Singing Ringing Tree (sculpture)|Singing Ringing Tree]] is a [[wind power]]ed [[sound sculpture]] resembling a tree, set in the landscape of the [[Pennines]], {{convert|2|mi|km}} south of Burnley town centre.

Completed in 2006, it is part of the series of four sculptures within the [[Panopticons]] arts and regeneration project created by the East Lancashire Environmental Arts Network (ELEAN). The project was set up to erect a series of 21st-century landmarks, or Panopticons (structures providing a comprehensive view), across East [[Lancashire]] as symbols of the [[renaissance]] of the area.

Designed by architects Mike Tonkin and Anna Liu of Tonkin Liu, the ''Singing Ringing Tree'' is a {{convert|3|m|adj=on|order=flip}} tall construction comprising pipes of [[galvanised steel]], which harness the energy of the wind to produce a slightly [[Consonance and dissonance|discordant]] and penetrating [[choral]] sound covering a range of several [[octave]]s. Some of the pipes are primarily structural and aesthetic elements, while others have been cut across their width enabling the sound. The [[Harmony|harmonic]] and singing qualities of the tree were produced by tuning the pipes according to their length by adding holes to the underside of each.

In 2007 the sculpture was one of 14 winners of the National Award of the [[Royal Institute of British Architects]] (RIBA) for architectural excellence.

===Towneley Hall===
[[File:Towneley Hall 01.jpg|thumb|left|Towneley Hall in [[Towneley Park]] on the eastern edge of town]]
[[Towneley Hall]] was the home of the Towneley family for more than 500 years. Various family members were influential in the scientific, technological and religious developments which took place in the 17th and 18th centuries. The male line of the family died out in 1878 and in 1901 one of the daughters, Lady O'Hagan, sold the house together with {{convert|62|acre|ha}} of land to Burnley Corporation.<ref>[http://www.burnley.gov.uk/towneley/site/scripts/documents.php?categoryID=17 Towneley Hall Official Site] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080508225728/http://www.burnley.gov.uk/towneley/site/scripts/documents.php?categoryID=17 |date=8 May 2008 }}. Retrieved 24 September 2008.</ref>
The hall contains the 15th-century [[Whalley Abbey]] vestments and has its own chapel, which contains a finely carved altarpiece made in Antwerp in about 1525.
{{Clear}}

==Transport==
{{Location map+|United Kingdom Burnley
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   {{Location map~|United Kingdom Burnley|lat=53.794|long=-2.245|label_size=85|position=right|label={{nowrap|{{stnlnk|Burnley Central}}}}}}
   {{Location map~|United Kingdom Burnley|lat=53.791|long=-2.258|label_size=85|position=right|label={{nowrap|{{stnlnk|Burnley Barracks}}}}}}
   {{Location map~|United Kingdom Burnley|lat=53.787|long=-2.282|label_size=85|position=top|label={{stnlnk|Rose Grove}}}}
   {{Location map~|United Kingdom Burnley|lat=53.784|long=-2.300|label_size=85|position=right|mark=Blue pog.svg|label=[[M65 motorway|J9]]}}
   {{Location map~|United Kingdom Burnley|lat=53.790|long=-2.266|label_size=85|position=top|mark=Blue pog.svg|label=[[M65 motorway|J10]]}}
   {{Location map~|United Kingdom Burnley|lat=53.798|long=-2.252|label_size=85|position=top|mark=Blue pog.svg|label=[[M65 motorway|J11]]}}
   {{Location map~|United Kingdom Burnley|lat=53.788|long=-2.240|label_size=85|position=right|mark=Yellow pog.svg|label=[[Burnley bus station|Bus station]]}}
}}
[[File:burnley bus station.jpg|thumb|right|256px|Burnley bus station]]
Burnley is served by Junctions 9, 10 and 11 of the [[M65 motorway]], which runs west to [[Accrington]], [[Blackburn]] and [[Preston, Lancashire|Preston]] (where it connects to the [[M6 motorway|M6]]), and northeast to [[Nelson, Lancashire|Nelson]] and [[Colne]]. From the town centre, the [[A646 road|A646]] runs to [[Todmorden]], the [[A679 road|A679]] to [[Accrington]], the [[A671 road|A671]] to [[Clitheroe]], and the [[A682 road|A682]] (a nearby rural section of which has been classified as Britain's most dangerous road)<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/6235058.stm|title='Most dangerous' roads revealed|date=24 June 2007|access-date=11 June 2022|website=News.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> south to [[Rawtenstall]] and north east to [[Nelson, Lancashire|Nelson]] and the [[Yorkshire Dales]].  The [[A56 road|A56]] [[dual carriageway]] skirts the western edge of the town, linking to the [[M66 motorway]] heading towards [[Manchester]] and the [[M62 Motorway|M62]].

Rail services to and from Burnley are provided by [[Northern (train operating company)|Northern]]. The town has four railway stations: [[Burnley Manchester Road railway station|Burnley Manchester Road]], [[Burnley Central railway station|Burnley Central]], [[Burnley Barracks railway station|Burnley Barracks]] and [[Rose Grove railway station|Rose Grove]]. A fifth station, [[Hapton railway station|Hapton]], serves [[Padiham]] and [[Hapton, Lancashire|Hapton]] to the west of the town, but inside the borough. Manchester Road station has an hourly semi-fast service west to [[Preston railway station|Preston]] (the nearest station on the [[West Coast Main Line]]) and [[Blackpool North railway station|Blackpool North]], and east to [[Leeds railway station|Leeds]] and [[York railway station|York]], whilst the Central and Barracks stations provide an hourly stopping service west to [[Blackpool South railway station|Blackpool South]] and Preston, and east to [[Nelson (Lancashire) railway station|Nelson]] and [[Colne railway station|Colne]].

In May 2015, a direct train service to Manchester and onwards to Wigan Wallgate was reinstated. This provides a direct route to [[Manchester Victoria station|Manchester Victoria]] for the first time in over fifty years with the construction of a short section of track at the Hall Royd Junction of the [[Caldervale Line]] (known as the [[Todmorden]] curve). This has reduced the journey time between Burnley and central Manchester from around 1 hour and 25 minutes via Blackburn and Bolton and 1 hour and 4 minutes via Hebden Bridge to approximately 45 minutes via Todmorden and Rochdale where [[Manchester Metrolink|Metrolink tram]] connections via Oldham are possible.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.todmordennews.co.uk/news/business/business-news/work-begins-on-project-to-reinstate-major-rail-link-1-5972403|title=Work begins on project to reinstate major rail link|website=Todmordennews.co.uk|access-date=11 June 2022|archive-date=25 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725203618/http://www.todmordennews.co.uk/news/business/business-news/work-begins-on-project-to-reinstate-major-rail-link-1-5972403|url-status=dead}}</ref> In preparation for this new direct service a new Manchester Road station building including a ticket office and waiting rooms has recently been completed, which has made Manchester Road the new principal station for the town <ref>{{cite web |url=http://burnley.gov.uk/news/groundbreaking-ceremony-%e2%80%93-new-%c2%a323-million-burnley-manchester-road-station |title=Groundbreaking Ceremony – New £2.3 million Burnley Manchester Road Station &#124; Burnley Borough Council |website=burnley.gov.uk |access-date=17 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305120106/http://burnley.gov.uk/news/groundbreaking-ceremony-%e2%80%93-new-%c2%a323-million-burnley-manchester-road-station |archive-date=5 March 2016 |url-status=dead}}</ref>

[[Burnley bus station]], designed by Manchester-based SBS Architects,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://sbsarch.co.uk/|title=Strzala Architects|website=sbsarch.co.uk|access-date=2 January 2018}}</ref> won the UK Bus Award for Infrastructure in 2003.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ukbusawards.co.uk/2003Infrastructure |title=UK Bus Awards :: 2003 Infrastructure |date=11 September 2007 |website= |access-date=11 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070911213644/http://www.ukbusawards.co.uk/2003Infrastructure |archive-date=11 September 2007 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The main bus operator is [[Burnley Bus Company]], with Tyrer Bus operating some tendered town services. Other services are provided by [[First West Yorkshire]] (591/592 to [[Halifax, West Yorkshire|Halifax]]), [[Blackburn Bus Company]] (152 to [[Preston, Lancashire|Preston]]) and [[Rosso (bus company)|Rosso]] (483 to [[Bury, Greater Manchester|Bury]]). [[National Express Coaches|National Express]] operates three coach services to London each day, and one to [[Birmingham]]. The X43 [[The Witch Way|Witch Way service]] (operated by Burnley Bus Company) runs from Burnley to [[Manchester]] via [[Rawtenstall]] and [[Prestwich]] using a fleet of specially branded [[double-decker bus]]es. The fastest journey takes about an hour.

Burnley does not have an airport, but there are four international airports within an hour's travel of the town: [[Manchester Airport]] at {{convert|31|mi|km|0}}, [[Liverpool John Lennon Airport]] at {{convert|41|mi|km|0}}, [[Leeds Bradford Airport]] at {{convert|24|mi|km|0}}, and [[Blackpool Airport]] at {{convert|33|mi|km|0}}.

Since 2009, the Reedley Marina has provided a 100-berth facility, on the [[Leeds and Liverpool Canal]] on the northern edge of town.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reedleymarina.co.uk/index.html|title=Reedley Marina|access-date=2 January 2018|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100628190140/http://www.reedleymarina.co.uk/index.html|archive-date=28 June 2010|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==Sport==
[[File:Turf Moor - Harry Potts Way (east).jpg|thumb|[[Turf Moor]], the home of [[Burnley F.C.]]]]
The town's sporting scene is dominated by [[Burnley F.C.|Burnley Football Club]], nicknamed "The Clarets" (after the colour of their [[Football kit|kit]]) and founded in 1882.<ref name="historicalkits">{{Cite web|last=Moor|first=Dave|title=Burnley|url=https://www.historicalkits.co.uk/Burnley/Burnley.htm|access-date=24 January 2018|publisher=Historical Football Kits}}</ref> They were one of the first to become [[Professionalism in association football|professional]] (in 1883), and subsequently put pressure on [[the Football Association]] to permit payments to players.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Simpson|first=Ray|title=The Clarets Chronicles: The Definitive History of Burnley Football Club 1882–2007|publisher=Burnley F.C.|year=2007|isbn=978-0955746802|pages=20–24}}</ref> In 1888, Burnley were one of the 12 founder members of [[English Football League|the Football League]].<ref name="historicalkits" /> From the 1950s until the 1970s, under chairman [[Bob Lord (football chairman)|Bob Lord]], the club became renowned for its youth policy and [[Scout (association football)|scouting system]], and was one of the first to set up a purpose-built [[Training ground (association football)|training ground]] ([[Gawthorpe Hall|Gawthorpe]]).<ref name=TQuelch199206>{{Cite book|last=Quelch|first=Tim|title=Never Had It So Good: Burnley's Incredible 1959/60 League Title Triumph|publisher=Pitch Publishing Ltd|year=2015|isbn=978-1909626546|pages=199–206}}</ref> The team currently compete in the [[English Premier League]], the top tier of [[Football in England|English football]], having been promoted from the [[English Football League Championship]] at the end of the [[2024-25 in English football|2024-25 season]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Rundle|first=Richard|title=Burnley|url=https://www.fchd.info/BURNLEY.HTM|access-date=8 May 2020|publisher=Football Club History Database}}</ref>

The club has played its home matches at [[Turf Moor]] since 1883, with average attendances of 20,000 in the Premier League.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Burnley Performance Stats|url=https://www.espn.com/soccer/team/stats/_/id/379/league/ENG.1/view/performance|access-date=13 February 2021|publisher=ESPN}} Individual seasons accessed via dropdown menu.</ref> The club is well supported in the town,<ref>{{Cite web|date=31 January 2009|title=Burnley look for revival|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/football/748850/Burnley-look-for-revival|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010004011/https://www.stuff.co.nz/sport/football/748850/Burnley-look-for-revival|archive-date=10 October 2020|access-date=10 May 2020|website=Stuff}}</ref> and is one of the best supported sides in English football [[per capita]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Johnson|first=William|date=27 December 2001|title=Burnley's head for heights|work=The Telegraph|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/championship/3019410/Burnleys-head-for-heights.html|access-date=25 December 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201222203317/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/football/competitions/championship/3019410/Burnleys-head-for-heights.html|archive-date=22 December 2020}}</ref> Burnley have been [[List of English football champions|champions of England]] twice, in [[1920–21 Burnley F.C. season|1920–21]] and [[1959–60 Burnley F.C. season|1959–60]], have won the [[FA Cup]] once, in [[1913–14 FA Cup|1913–14]], and have won the [[FA Community Shield|FA Charity Shield]] twice, in [[1960 FA Charity Shield|1960]] and [[1973 FA Charity Shield|1973]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Burnley football club honours|url=https://www.11v11.com/teams/burnley/tab/honours/|access-date=26 January 2018|website=11v11|publisher=AFS Enterprises}}</ref> When the team won the 1959–60 Football League, the town of Burnley became one of the smallest to have an English first tier champion.<ref name="TQuelch199206" /> It is one of only five English league clubs to have been champions of [[English football league system|all four professional league divisions]] (along with [[Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C.|Wolverhampton Wanderers]], [[Preston North End F.C.|Preston North End]], [[Sheffield United F.C.|Sheffield United]] and [[Portsmouth F.C.|Portsmouth]]).<ref>{{Cite news|last=Tyler|first=Martin|date=9 May 2017|title=Martin Tyler's stats: Most own goals, fewest different scorers in a season|publisher=Sky Sports|url=https://www.skysports.com/football/news/12038/10868826/martin-tylers-stats-most-own-goals-fewest-different-scorers-in-a-season|access-date=15 August 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200414134011/https://www.skysports.com/football/news/12038/10868826/martin-tylers-stats-most-own-goals-fewest-different-scorers-in-a-season|archive-date=14 April 2020}}</ref>

There are two members of the [[Lancashire League (cricket)|Lancashire Cricket League]] in the town. [[Burnley Cricket Club]] play their home matches at Turf Moor, their ground being adjacent to the football ground, while [[Lowerhouse Cricket Club]] play at Liverpool Road. England Cricketer [[James Anderson (cricketer)|James Anderson]] started his career at Burnley Cricket Club and TV [[Weather forecasting|weatherman]] [[John Kettley]] used to play for them.

Burnley is also home to [[Burnley Rugby Club]] (formerly Calder Vale Rugby Club from 1926–2001), who play [[rugby union]]. They field three senior sides, with teams at most junior age groups, and play at Holden Road, the site of Belvedere and Calder Vale Sports Club.

Rugby League is represented in the town by Burnley and Pendle Lions RLFC. They train and play their home games at Prairie Sports Village. They are in the North West Men's Merit League.

Burnley Tornados is the [[American football]] club in the town.

Burnley held greyhound racing and [[motorcycle speedway|speedway]] at [[Burnley Greyhound Stadium|Towneley Stadium]], that existed from 1927 until 1935.

Burnley has good public sporting facilities for a town of its size. The £29m St Peter's Centre (opened in 2006) offers [[Swimming pool|swimming]], [[Squash (sport)|squash courts]] and a [[Gym|fitness suite]], while the nearby Spirit of Sport complex includes a large sports hall, and several indoor courts and outdoor synthetic pitches.<ref>[http://www.burnley.gov.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?categoryID=1490&documentID=894 Burnley Borough Council] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928165133/http://www.burnley.gov.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?categoryID=1490&documentID=894 |date=28 September 2007 }}. Retrieved 7 September 2007.</ref> There is an outdoor athletics track at Barden Lane, where the Burnley Athletic Club meets.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.burnleyac.co.uk/index.html|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130419230131/http://www.burnleyac.co.uk/index.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=19 April 2013|title=Burnley Athletic Club|access-date=2 January 2018}}</ref> For golfers, there are both 9-hole and 18-hole municipal [[golf courses]] at [[Towneley Park]], along with an 18-hole [[pitch and putt]] course.<ref>[http://www.burnley.gov.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?documentID=4&pageNumber=2 www.burnley.gov.uk] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110615095726/http://www.burnley.gov.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?documentID=4&pageNumber=2 |date=15 June 2011 }}. Retrieved 4 December 2007</ref> Burnley Golf Club have a private course, established in 1905 above the town in Habergham Eaves.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.burnleygolfclub.com/page.aspx?pid=8081|title=BURNLEY GOLF CLUB|website=Burnleygolfclub.com|access-date=2 January 2018}}</ref> There are tennis courts at Towneley Park, and at the Burnley Lawn Tennis Club,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://clubspark.lta.org.uk/burnleytennisclub|title=Burnley Lawn Tennis Club|website=Clubspark.lat.org.uk|access-date=11 June 2022}}</ref> as well as eleven [[Bowls|bowling greens]] around the town,<ref>[http://www.burnley.gov.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?categoryID=1165&documentID=150 Burnley Borough Council] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928165213/http://www.burnley.gov.uk/site/scripts/documents_info.php?categoryID=1165&documentID=150 |date=28 September 2007 }}. Retrieved 7 September 2007.</ref> and a £235,000 [[skate park]] at Queens Park, which opened in 2003. There are also basketball,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.burnleybasketball.co.uk/about-us.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720013852/http://www.burnleybasketball.co.uk/about-us.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2011-07-20|title=Burnley Basketball Club}}</ref> caving<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.burnleycavingclub.org.uk/Club|title=Burnley Caving Club : Our Club|website=Burnleycavingclub.org.uk|access-date=2 January 2018}}</ref> and judo<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nwa.judouk.org/club-info.php?club=748|title=Burnley Judo Club|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120315005047/http://www.nwa.judouk.org/club-info.php?club=748|archive-date=15 March 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref> clubs in the town.  In 2001, the private Crow Wood Leisure Centre was established in countryside on the edge of the town, offering a combination of fitness facilities, racquet and equestrian sports.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://crowwood.com/welcome/|title=Crow Wood - a unique concept in health, fitness and leisure in Burnley|website=Crow Wood|access-date=11 June 2022}}</ref> In 2013 Crow Wood opened its own day Spa, the Woodland Spa, which was named Day Spa of the Year at the Professional Beauty Awards 2014, just one year after opening.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://burnley.co.uk/invest/woodland-spa-best-in-britain/8069/|title=Woodland Spa. Best in Britain!|work=Burnley|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811101006/http://burnley.co.uk/invest/woodland-spa-best-in-britain/8069/|archive-date=11 August 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref>

==Culture and entertainment==
===Museums and galleries===
On the outskirts of the town there are galleries in two [[stately home]]s, the Burnley council-owned [[Towneley Park|Towneley Hall]] and [[Gawthorpe Hall]] in [[Padiham]], which is owned by Lancashire County Council and managed by the [[National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty|National Trust]]. There are also two local museums: the Weavers' Triangle Trust operates the Visitor Centre and Museum of Local History in the historic surroundings of the [[Weavers' Triangle]], while the [[Queen Street Mill|Queen Street Mill Textile Museum]] is unique as the world's only surviving steam driven cotton weaving shed.

Mid Pennine Arts were instrumental in the [[Panopticons]] project and run exhibitions and creative learning projects across the town and wider area.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://midpenninearts.org.uk/|title=Mid Pennine Arts|website=Midpenniearts.org.uk|access-date=11 June 2022}}</ref>

===Parks===
There are several large parks in the town, including [[Towneley Park]], once the [[Medieval deer park|deer park]] for the 15th century [[Towneley Hall]], and three winners of the [[Green Flag Award]], [[Queens Park, Burnley|Queens Park]] which hosts a summer season of [[brass band]] concerts each year, and [[Thompson Park (Burnley)|Thompson Park]] which has a boating lake and [[Ridable miniature railway|miniature railway]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.greenflagaward.org.uk/winners/winners_list.asp?sectionId=22&region=northwest |title=Green Flag Award - The National Standard for Parks and Green Spaces |date=30 April 2005 |website= |access-date=11 June 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050430055657/http://www.greenflagaward.org.uk/winners/winners_list.asp?sectionId=22&region=northwest |archive-date=30 April 2005 |url-status=dead}}</ref> The other parks include [[Scott Park]], Ightenhill Park and Thursby Gardens. A greenway route linking Burnley Central Station along a former mineral line and incorporating the former Bank Hall colliery and reclaimed landfill site at Heasandford extends out of the town towards Worsthorne at Rowley Lake. The lake was constructed in the 1980s as a means to divert the river Brun away from former mine workings that were causing significant pollution of the river.

===Activities===
[[File:Burnley Mechanics, Manchester Road - geograph.org.uk - 1318506.jpg|thumb|left|[[Burnley Mechanics]] Theatre, originally a [[Mechanics' Institutes|Mechanics' Institute]]]]
There is a modern 24-lane ten pin bowling centre on Finsley Gate, operated by 1st Bowl. A 9-screen [[Multiplex (movie theater)|multiplex cinema]] opened in 1995 (with 3 [[3-D film|3D]] screens as of 2010), operated by [[Reel Cinemas]]. The town's theatre, named after its former use as a Mechanics Institute,<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.burnleymechanics.co.uk/ |title=Burnley Mechanics |access-date=17 September 2006 |archive-date=25 September 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060925001141/http://www.burnleymechanics.co.uk/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> hosts touring comedians and musical acts and amateur dramatics. In 2005, [[Burnley Youth Theatre]] moved into a second, purpose-built £1.5 million performance space next to Queen's Park, one of only two purpose-built youth theatres in the UK.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://burnleyyouththeatre.org/burnley-youth-theatre/|title=drama burnley drama and dance workshops for children and young people|website=Burnley Youth Theatre|access-date=11 June 2022}}</ref>

===Festivals===
Each year Burnley hosts the two-day Burnley International Rock and Blues Festival, which started as the Burnley National Blues Festival in 1988.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.burnleymechanics.co.uk/blues.php|title=Burnley Blues Festival|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060928232523/http://www.burnleymechanics.co.uk/blues.php|archive-date=28 September 2006|df=dmy-all}}</ref> The renamed festival moved from Easter to the early [[Bank Holiday|May Bank Holiday]]. The festival introduced a new logo, website and branding in a bid to attract new and younger audiences, and to encourage cross-town participation with a 'Little America' theme. It is one of the largest [[blues]] festivals in the country, drawing fans from all over Britain and beyond to venues spread across the town. In the 1970s, the town was also an important venue for [[Northern soul]]<ref>Roberts, ''Northern Soul Top 500'', p.369</ref> and several local pubs still hold regular Northern soul nights. In recent years the town has also hosted the annual [[Burnley Balloon Festival]] in [[Towneley Park]] and a science festival at UCLan's local university campus. A [[travelling funfair|funfair]] is usually held around the second weekend in July at [[Fulledge Recreation Ground]], which is also the venue for the town's main [[Guy Fawkes Night]] celebration.

In July 2023, the town celebrated its first ever [[Pride parade]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Burnley Pride |url=https://discoverburnley.co.uk/whatson/burnley-pride/ |access-date=2023-11-19 |website=Discover Burnley Town Centre |language=en-GB}}</ref> Local charities, organisations, youth groups and trade unions were in attendance at the parade which was led by RuPaul’s Drag Race UK contestant, [[Elektra Fence]].

===Nightlife===
[[File:Hammerton Street Burnley 2.jpg|thumb|right|Hammerton Street, one of Burnley's main areas for nightlife]]
Major bars and [[nightclub]]s in Burnley included Lava & Ignite, which was a leading nightclub, which closed in 2014.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.pendletoday.co.uk/news/burnley-s-lava-ignite-nightclub-closes-1-6419666 |title=Burnley's Lava & Ignite nightclub closes |newspaper=Pendle Today |access-date=7 April 2014 |archive-date=16 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160316060938/http://www.pendletoday.co.uk/news/burnley-s-lava-ignite-nightclub-closes-1-6419666 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Curzon Street in Burnley was also the site of the legendary [[Angels (nightclub)|Angels]] nightclub.

Burnley has a small [[gay scene]], centred on the Guys as Dolls showbar in St James Street.<ref>[http://www.gayflagburnley.org.uk/gayfriendly.html FLAG Burnley] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081215114452/http://www.gayflagburnley.org.uk/gayfriendly.html |date=15 December 2008 }} Accessed 2010</ref> In 1971 the granting of a licence to the town's first gay club, The Esquire, caused considerable controversy, with Tory deputy council leader, Alderman Frank Bailey, suggesting that the building be bought by the corporation to stop the plan.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gaymonitor.co.uk/esquire3.htm|title=Esquire Clubs – The Burnley Meeting at gaymonitor.co.uk|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111222011106/http://www.gaymonitor.co.uk/esquire3.htm|archive-date=22 December 2011|df=dmy-all}}</ref> A [[rainbow plaque]] was unveiled at Burnley Library on 30 July 2021 marking the 50th anniversary of a meeting organised by the [[Campaign for Homosexual Equality]] regarding the gay club.<ref name="Jacobs">{{cite news |last1=Jacobs |first1=Bill |title=Landmark Burnley gay meeting to be commemorated |url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/19477046.landmark-burnley-gay-meeting-commemorated/ |access-date=1 August 2023 |work=Lancashire Telegraph |date=29 July 2021}}</ref>

[[Bénédictine]] and hot water, known locally as "Bene 'n' Hot" is a popular drink in east Lancashire, after soldiers stationed in [[Normandy]] during the [[First World War]] brought back a taste for it. The Burnley Miners' Club is the world's largest consumer of the French liqueur, and has its own Bénédictine Lounge.<ref name="Bene1"/><ref name="Bene2"/><ref name="Bene3"/><ref name="Tommies"/>

===Media===
Local radio for Burnley and its surrounding area is currently provided by [[Capital Manchester and Lancashire]] (formerly [[2BR]]), [[106.5 Central Radio|Central Radio North West]] and [[BBC Radio Lancashire]].

Local television news programmes are [[BBC North West Tonight]] and [[ITV Granada Reports]].

There are two local newspapers: the ''[[Burnley Express]]'', published on Tuesdays and Fridays, and the daily ''[[Lancashire Telegraph]]'', which publishes a local edition for Burnley and [[Borough of Pendle|Pendle]]. Two free advertisement-supported newspapers, ''The Citizen''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.burnleycitizen.co.uk/ |publisher=Burnley & Pendle Citizen |title=Burnley & Pendle Citizen |access-date=7 April 2014}}</ref> and ''The Reporter'', are posted to homes throughout the town.

Burnley was one of seven sites chosen to be part of [[Channel 4]]'s [[The Big Art project]] in which a group of 15 young people from all over the town commissioned artist [[Greyworld]] to create a piece of [[public art]]. The artwork, named "Invisible", is a series of UV paintings placed all around the town centre displaying public heroes.

===Appearance in television and cinema===
Parts of the 1961 British film ''[[Whistle Down the Wind (film)|Whistle Down the Wind]]'', and the two [[BBC]] television series ''[[All Quiet on the Preston Front]]'' and ''[[Juliet Bravo]]'', were filmed in the town. Burnley [[Fire Station]] was the location of Social Services in the first series of ''Juliet Bravo'', and Burnley Library was used for exterior shots of the [[magistrates' court (England and Wales)|magistrates' court]] in the series. Numerous locations in the town were used in the 1996–1998 BBC [[comedy drama]] ''[[Hetty Wainthropp Investigates]]''. Ashfield Road, which runs between the Burnley College and DIY superstore, was used as a film location in the 1951 film ''[[The Man in the White Suit]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.british-film-locations.com/scene-22e/The-Man-In-The-White-Suit-1951 |title=British filming location from Man In The White Suit, The (1951) – Sid's lodgings |publisher=British Firm Locations |access-date=21 March 2015}}</ref>

[[Queen Street Mill]] textile museum was used for a scene in the [[83rd Academy Awards|2010 Oscar-winning]] film [[The King's Speech]],<ref>[http://www.burnleyexpress.net/community/peek-into-the-past/oscars_joy_for_burnley_s_queen_street_mill_1_3128087 Burnley Express] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111001195141/http://www.burnleyexpress.net/community/peek-into-the-past/oscars_joy_for_burnley_s_queen_street_mill_1_3128087 |date=1 October 2011 }} Accessed 2011</ref> and for scenes in the 2004 BBC [[Adaptation (arts)|dramatisation]] of [[Elizabeth Gaskell]]'s ''[[North and South (1855 novel)|North and South]]'', as well as ''[[Life on Mars (UK TV series)|Life on Mars]]'' (S1 E3; 2006). It has also featured in the following BBC documentaries:  [[Fred Dibnah]]'s ''Industrial Age'' (E2; 1999), [[Adam Hart-Davies]]' ''[[What the Victorians Did for Us]]'' (E1; 2001), and [[Jeremy Paxman]]'s ''[[The Victorians]]'' (2009), as well as ''[[Who Do You Think You Are? (British TV series)|Who Do You Think You Are?]]'' ([[Bill Oddie]] episode), ''[[Flog It]]'' and [[UKTV History]]'s ''The Re-Inventors'' (2006).

[[Towneley Hall]] featured in the BBC [[comedy drama]] ''[[Casanova (2005 TV serial)|Casanova]]'' (2005) and the BBC antiques quiz ''Antiques Master'' is currently filmed there.<ref>[https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00t15kq BBC Programmes] Accessed 2010</ref>

The canal embankment featured in the 2007 [[ITV (TV network)|ITV]] documentary ''Locks and Quays'' (S2 E9) and two families in Burnley have been featured in the ITV series ''[[60 Minute Makeover]]'' (S6 E28 and S7 E70).

In 2023, Netflix released the comedy film "[[Bank of Dave (film)|Bank of Dave]]", billed as a true-ish story of Burnley businessman David Fishwick, who in 2011 opened Burnley Savings & Loans, trading under the slogan 'Bank of Dave'.

==Education==
{{See also|List of schools in Burnley}}
[[File:Sir John Thursby School, Burnley (geograph 1883276).jpg|thumb|[[Sir John Thursby Community College]]]]
[[Burnley Grammar School]] was first established in St Peter's Church in 1559, with its first headmaster a former [[chantry]] priest, Gilbert Fairbank. In 1602, one of the governors, John Towneley, paid for a new schoolhouse to be built in the churchyard;<ref>Hall & Spencer, ''Burnley: A Pictorial History'', p. 2</ref> the school moved again in 1874 to a new building on Bank Parade, which still remains and is now a business centre.<ref name="Ref-1">{{Cite web|url=https://burnley.co.uk/explore-burnley/|title=Explore Burnley|website=Burnley.co.uk|access-date=11 June 2022}}</ref> The first technical school, in Elizabeth Street, was erected in 1892. The equivalent school for girls, Burnley Girls' High School, was established in 1909 on a site in Ormerod Road (along with the Technical School and Art School)<ref name="Ref-1"/> later moving to Kiddrow Lane in the 1960s. The [[Tripartite system of education in England, Wales and Northern Ireland|tripartite system]] of Education established by the [[Education Act 1944]] affected Burnley in the following ways: Heasandford Technical High School for Girls and Towneley Technical High School for Boys were established (Burnley Technical High School was formed in 1956 by the merger of the two),<ref>[http://www.technalians.org.uk/BURNLEY-THS-index.html BTHS Index] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120426090531/http://www.technalians.org.uk/BURNLEY-THS-index.html |date=26 April 2012 }} Accessed 2010</ref> as were Barden, Burnley Wood, Rosegrove & St. Mary's (Roman Catholic) [[Secondary Modern]] Schools.

The borough lost control of its schools and as Education Authority to Lancashire County Council in 1974 and the move to [[Comprehensive school|comprehensive education]] was completed in 1981. At this point the town had the following schools: <ref>[http://www.burnleystpeterheritage.co.uk/20thcenturypage5.htm Burnley St Peter's Heritage&nbsp;– Story of Church and Town] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210303150300/http://www.burnleystpeterheritage.co.uk/20thcenturypage5.htm |date=3 March 2021 }}. Burnleystpeterheritage.co.uk, Retrieved 13 November 2007</ref>

Secondary Schools: Habergham (mixed), Ivy Bank (mixed), Gawthorpe (mixed), Towneley (mixed), Barden (boys), Walshaw (girls), St Theodores RC (boys), St Hilda's RC (Girls).

[[Further education]]: Habergham and St Theodores [[Sixth Form]]s and Burnley College (all mixed).

In 2003 a plan was devised to replace all the secondary schools in the town as part of the first wave of a nationwide programme funded by the [[Department for Education and Skills (United Kingdom)|Department for Education and Skills]] called [[Building Schools for the Future]]. Funding was secured in 2004<ref>{{cite web |title=Concerns over plans for £170m overhaul |url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/5825082.concerns-plans-170m-overhaul/ |website=Lancashire Telegraph |access-date=25 February 2022 |date=9 August 2004}}</ref> and in 2006 the new schools opened (in the buildings of their predecessors).

Today there are still five 11–16 secondary schools:

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! School
! Locality
! Description
! class="unsortable" | Ofsted
! class="unsortable" | Website
|-
| [[Blessed Trinity RC College|Blessed Trinity RC Community College]]
| Burnley
| Secondary school
| {{ofsted|134997|134997}}
| [https://www.btrcc.lancs.sch.uk/ website]
|-
| [[Burnley High School]]
| Burnley
| Secondary school
| {{ofsted|141028|141028}}
| [https://www.burnleyhigh.com/ website]
|-
| [[Sir John Thursby Community College]]
| Burnley
| Secondary school
| {{ofsted|134996|134996}}
| [https://www.sirjohnthursby.lancs.sch.uk/ website]
|-
| [[Shuttleworth College (Lancashire)|Shuttleworth College]]
| [[Padiham]]
| Secondary school
| {{ofsted|134994|134994}}
| [http://www.shuttleworth.lancs.sch.uk/ website]
|-
| [[Unity College (Burnley)|Unity College]]
| Burnley
| Secondary school
| {{ofsted|135003|135003}}
| [https://unity-college.com/ website]
|}

Shuttleworth College moved into new buildings in 2008, Sir John Thursby in 2009, and Blessed Trinity, Hameldon and Unity in 2010.

[[Thomas Whitham Sixth Form]], which forms a sixth element of the BSF programme, offers sixth form provision at its Burnley campus (opened 2008) on Barden Lane.

[[University Technical College Lancashire]] is a [[university technical college]] for 14- to 19-year-olds that opened in Burnley in September 2013. [[Burnley High School]] is a [[Free school (England)|free school]] for 11- to 19-year-olds that opened in Burnley in September 2014.

[[Burnley College]] has its heritage in the mid 19th century and is the borough's main tertiary education (post 16) provider, offering a comprehensive range of 40 A Levels, a range of advanced [[vocational]] courses and professional training. Apprenticeship courses provided over 1000 local apprenticeship places in 2013, within businesses across Pennine Lancashire. Burnley College in partnership with the [[University of Central Lancashire]] (UCLan Burnley) also provides [[adult education]] and 70 [[degree courses]].

Burnley College moved to a new £80 million campus, (in partnership with the [[University of Central Lancashire]]), off Princess Way in 2009. It achieved 'outstanding' status in that year's OFSTED inspection.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://reports.ofsted.gov.uk/inspection-reports/find-inspection-report|title=Find an inspection report and registered childcare|date=8 October 2020|website=Reports.ofsted.gov.uk|access-date=11 June 2022}}</ref> The inspection awarded the College 54 out of 54 areas grade one status.

The Mohiuddin Trust charity subsequently purchased the former College site for £2m, and opened the Mohiuddin International Girls' College in October 2010.<ref>[http://www.burnleyexpress.net/burnleynews/Islamic-girls39-school-to-open.6525317.jp Burnley Express] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100914143145/http://www.burnleyexpress.net/burnleynews/Islamic-girls39-school-to-open.6525317.jp |date=14 September 2010 }} Accessed 2010</ref>

===Attainment===
The town's educational attainment has continued to improve over the last few years. In 2012, 82% of children at the end of [[Key Stage 2]] achieved Level 4 or above in English and 81% in Mathematics.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.education.gov.uk/cgi-bin/schools/performance/group.pl?qtype=GR&f=3XKl8QAYWi&superview=pri&view=&sort=l_schname&ord=asc |title=The Department for Education - Performance Tables - Search results |access-date=2 June 2013 |archive-date=25 July 2015 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725215558/http://www.education.gov.uk/cgi-bin/schools/performance/group.pl?qtype=GR&f=3XKl8QAYWi&superview=pri&view=&sort=l_schname&ord=asc |url-status=dead }}</ref>

In 2012 59% of students at the end of [[Key Stage 4]] achieved A*-C grades or above at GCSE<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.education.gov.uk/cgi-bin/schools/performance/group.pl?qtype=GR&f=h3eEkhKu_u&superview=sec&view=&sort=l_schname&ord=asc |title=The Department for Education - Performance Tables - Search results |access-date=2 June 2013 |archive-date=14 July 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714235152/http://www.education.gov.uk/cgi-bin/schools/performance/group.pl?qtype=GR&f=h3eEkhKu_u&superview=sec&view=&sort=l_schname&ord=asc |url-status=dead }}</ref> and in 2012 Burnley College reported a 99.8% A Level pass rate and a record number of A and A* grades.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.burnley.ac.uk/news/998-a-level-pass-rate-a-record-number-of-a-and-a-grades-and-over-three-quarters-achieving-top-grades.html |title=99.8% A Level pass rate, a record number of a and A* grades and over three quarters achieving top grades |access-date=2013-06-02 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130513234626/http://www.burnley.ac.uk/news/998-a-level-pass-rate-a-record-number-of-a-and-a-grades-and-over-three-quarters-achieving-top-grades.html |archive-date=13 May 2013 |df=dmy-all }} Accessed 2013</ref><ref name="Archant twinning 3">{{cite web|url=http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130705094933/http://www.completefrance.com/language-culture/twin-towns|title=British towns twinned with French towns ''[via WaybackMachine.com]''|access-date=20 July 2013|archive-date=5 July 2013|work=Archant Community Media Ltd}}</ref>

==People==
{{See also|Category:People from Burnley}}

===Art===
[[Keith Coventry]], the winner of the 2010 [[John Moores Painting Prize]], was born and educated in the town. The [[watercolourist]] [[Noel Leaver]] studied and also taught at the former Burnley School of Art, later attended by [[Greta Tomlinson]]. The poet [[Clare Shaw (poet)|Clare Shaw]] was also born in Burnley.

===Entertainment===
Possibly the best-known Burnley figure in the field of entertainment is actor [[Ian McKellen]], who was born in the town in 1939. There is a blue plaque on the house where he lived, but where he says he was not born.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theboltonnews.co.uk/leisure/entertainment_news/1097508.Sir_Ian_plaque__outside_wrong_house_/|title=Sir Ian plaque 'outside wrong house'|author=|work=The Bolton News|date=2 January 2007 }}</ref> Other actors born in the town include [[J. Pat O'Malley]], [[Mary Mackenzie]], [[Irene Sutcliffe]], [[Julia Haworth]], [[Richard Moore (actor)|Richard Moore]],<ref>{{cite web |title=Emmy star reveals it's Clarets life for him |url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/6218996.emmy-star-reveals-clarets-life/ |website=Lancashire Telegraph |access-date=25 February 2022 |date=20 July 2005|archive-url = https://archive.today/20080103072041/http://archive.thisislancashire.co.uk/2005/7/20/866335.html|archivedate = 3 January 2008}}</ref><ref>[http://www.urbantalent.tv/actor_profile/cv.asp?id=26 Urban Talent Acting Agency] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090402185221/http://www.urbantalent.tv/actor_profile/cv.asp?id=26 |date=2 April 2009 }}. Accessed 22 October 2007.</ref> [[Jody Latham]], [[Kathy Jamieson]], [[Hannah Hobley]], [[Natalie Gumede]] and [[Lee Ingleby]]. ''[[Coronation Street]]'' regular [[Malcolm Hebden]] grew up in the town. Screenwriter [[Paul Abbott]], creator of ''[[Shameless (UK TV series)|Shameless]]'', and television producer and executive [[Peter Salmon (producer)|Peter Salmon]] were also born here.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brown |first1=Maggie |title=Interview with BBC chief creative officer Peter Salmon |url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2006/dec/11/mondaymediasection6 |website=The Guardian |access-date=25 February 2022 |date=11 December 2006}}</ref>

[[File:Chumbawamba TFF.JPG|thumb|Burnley rock band [[Chumbawamba]] in 2012]]
Musicians born in the town include [[Danbert Nobacon]], [[Alice Nutter (writer)|Alice Nutter]], [[Lou Watts]] and [[Boff Whalley]] (all of [[Chumbawamba]]),<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080228162820/http://www.geocities.com/TheTropics/Cabana/7272/cwfaq.html A Chumbawamba FAQ]. Accessed 22 October 2007.</ref> [[Eric Haydock]] (bassist in [[The Hollies]]), classical composer [[John Pickard (composer)|John Pickard]],<ref>Rickards, 'Icarus Soaring: The Music of John Pickard', p.2</ref> the DJ [[Anne Savage (DJ)|Anne Savage]], Record Producer Ady Hall of Sugar House, young soprano [[Hollie Steel]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/news/hyndburn/4339569.britains-got-talent-star-hollie-supported-way-big-brother/ |title=Britain's Got Talent star Hollie supported all the way by her big brother|publisher=Lancashire Telegraph |date=3 May 2009 |access-date=25 February 2022}}</ref> and singer [[Cody Frost]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.burnleyexpress.net/whats-on/arts-and-entertainment/glastonbury-debut-for-talented-burnley-singer-was-an-absolute-dream-3753490 |title=Glastonbury debut for talented Burnley singer was an 'absolute dream'|publisher=Burnley Express |date=1 July 2022 |access-date=22 December 2022}}</ref>

The 19th-century author and clergyman [[Silas K. Hocking]]<ref>[http://www.burnley.gov.uk/youthscene/didyouknows.html Burnley Borough Council] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928165113/http://www.burnley.gov.uk/youthscene/didyouknows.html |date=28 September 2007 }}. Accessed 23 October 2007.</ref> wrote his most famous work, ''Her Benny'' (1879), while living in Burnley. Crime writer [[Stephen Booth (writer)|Stephen Booth]] is another native of the town,<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.stephen-booth.com/new%20stephenbooth.htm|title=Stephen Booth - biography|website=Stephen-booth.com|access-date=11 June 2022}}</ref> as are journalist and broadcaster [[Tony Livesey]] and author and documentary maker [[Stewart Binns]].

===Politics and the church===
[[David Waddington, Baron Waddington|David Waddington, Lord Waddington]] of [[Read, Lancashire|Read]] (former Conservative [[Home Secretary]] and former [[Lord Privy Seal]] and [[Leader of the House of Lords]]), [[Phil Willis]], [[Liberal Democrats (UK)|Liberal Democrat]] MP for [[Harrogate & Knaresborough]],<ref>[http://www.libdems.org.uk/party/people/mr-phil-willis.0047.html Liberal Democrats official site] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071107093033/http://www.libdems.org.uk/party/people/mr-phil-willis.0047.html |date=7 November 2007 }}. Retrieved 23 October 2007.</ref> and the diplomat Sir [[Vincent Fean]] were born in Burnley, as was the 16th-century Catholic [[martyr]] [[Robert Nutter]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11171c.htm|title=CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Robert Nutter and Edward Thwing|website=Newadvent.org|access-date=11 June 2022}}</ref> and the 17th-century Catholic martyr [[Thomas Whittaker (martyr)|Thomas Whittaker]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=18 July 2017 |title=Burnley KSC plaque commemorates Catholic martyrs |url=https://www.burnleyexpress.net/news/burnley-ksc-plaque-commemorates-catholic-martyrs-1105740 |access-date=14 July 2023 |website=Burnley Express}}</ref> [[Suffragette]]s [[Margaret Aldersley]] was born in Burnley in 1852 while [[Ada Nield Chew]] died in the town in 1945.

Sir [[John Stuttard]], Lord Mayor of London from 2006 to 2007, was born in Burnley in 1945.

===Military===
[[James Yorke Scarlett]], commander of the [[Heavy Brigade]] at the [[Battle of Balaclava]], was married to a Hargreaves coal heiress and lived at Bank Hall. [[Victoria Cross]] winners 2nd Lieutenant [[Hugh Colvin]] and Private [[Thomas Whitham]] both served during [[World War I]].

===Science and industry===
Engineer Sir [[Willis Jackson, Baron Jackson of Burnley|Willis Jackson]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aim25.ac.uk/cgi-bin/search2?coll_id=2212&inst_id=3 |title=AIM25: Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine: JACKSON, Willis, Baron Jackson of Burnley (1904-1970) |access-date=23 October 2007 |archive-date=26 September 2006 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060926212003/http://www.aim25.ac.uk/cgi-bin/search2?coll_id=2212&inst_id=3 |url-status=dead }}</ref> was born and educated in the town. [[James Drake (engineer)|James Drake]], a pioneer of British motorways, was also born here. 17th-century mathematician [[Sir Jonas Moore]] was from [[Higham, Lancashire|Higham]] but is believed to have been educated at the Grammar School. Moore's contemporary, [[Richard Towneley]], pioneered many scientific and technological developments at [[Towneley Hall]]. Scottish [[cardiology]] pioneer [[Sir James Mackenzie]] lived and practised medicine in the town for more than a quarter of a century. The [[Lasker Award]]-winning [[Molecular biology|molecular biologist]] [[Edwin Southern]], inventor of the [[Southern blot]], was born and raised in Burnley.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Harding |first=Anne |date=3 December 2005 |title=Sir Edwin Southern: scientist as problem solver |journal=Perspectives |volume=366 |issue=9501 |pages=1919|doi=10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67775-6 |pmid=16325686 }}</ref> The molecular biologist [[Joyce Taylor-Papadimitriou]] was born in Burnley in 1932.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Watt|first=F. M.|title=Joyce Taylor-Papadimitriou|journal=Journal of Cell Science|date=16 December 2003|volume=117|issue=3|pages=371–372|doi=10.1242/jcs.00983|pmid=14702382|s2cid=84704848 |doi-access=}}</ref>

===Sport===
Burnley's sporting figures include England and Lancashire [[cricketer]] [[James Anderson (cricketer)|James Anderson]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.espncricinfo.com/player/james-anderson-8608|title=James Anderson profile and biography, stats, records, averages, photos and videos|website=ESPNcricinfo.com|access-date=11 June 2022}}</ref> former England international footballers [[Jimmy Crabtree]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.plymouthherald.co.uk/sport/football/football-news/green-barmy-england-goalkeeper-jimmy-1189912|title=Green Barmy: England defender had career ended by injury at Argyle|last=Sparks|first=Gordon|date=2018-02-10|work=plymouthherald|access-date=2018-02-22}}</ref> [[Billy Bannister]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.express.co.uk/news/uk/808136/William-Billy-Bannister-footballer-medal-auction|title=Record breaking footballer's medal sells at auction|date=2017-05-23|work=Express.co.uk|access-date=2018-02-22|language=en}}</ref> and [[Jay Rodriguez]], [[Northern Ireland national football team|Northern Ireland]] international [[Oliver Norwood]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.burnleyexpress.net/sport/football/boxer-carl-frampton-lauds-burnley-s-oliver-norwood-ahead-of-northern-ireland-s-world-cup-qualifier-1-8454920|title=Boxer Carl Frampton lauds Burnley's Oliver Norwood ahead of Northern Ireland's World Cup qualifier|access-date=2018-02-22|language=en}}</ref> [[Pakistan]] international [[Adnan Ahmed]], former England Women's goalkeeper [[Rachel Brown]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=16 September 2005 |title=Player position guide |url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/get_involved/4246392.stm |access-date=11 June 2022 |website=News.bbc.co.uk}}</ref> ex-[[Manchester United F.C.|Manchester United]] player [[Chris Casper]],<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.burnleyexpress.net/sport/football/casper-recalls-the-famous-class-of-92-1-6297736|title=Casper recalls the famous Class of '92|access-date=2018-02-22|language=en|archive-date=14 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180614045838/https://www.burnleyexpress.net/sport/football/casper-recalls-the-famous-class-of-92-1-6297736|url-status=dead}}</ref> [[Commonwealth Games]] Gold Medal-winning gymnast [[Craig Heap]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/archive/2002/8/28/599272.html/|title=Archive from the Lancashire Telegraph|website=Lancashiretelegraph.co.uk|access-date=11 June 2022}}</ref> [[Supercars Championship]] driver [[Fabian Coulthard]], second cousin of Formula One driver [[David Coulthard]], was born in Burnley along with [[Neil Hodgson]], [[2003 Superbike World Championship|2003 World Superbike champion]]. Also long-time Burnley F.C. chairman [[Bob Lord (football chairman)|Bob Lord]], football pioneer [[Jimmy Hogan]] (who grew up in the town), football manager [[Harry Bradshaw (football manager)|Harry Bradshaw]],<ref>{{Cite book|last=Simpson|first=Ray|title=The Clarets Chronicles: The Definitive History of Burnley Football Club 1882–2007|publisher=Burnley F.C.|year=2007|isbn=978-0955746802|page=540}}</ref> [[handball]] player [[Holly Lam-Moores]],<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.teamgb.com/athletes/holly-lam-moores|title=Holly Lam-Moores – Handball – News, Olympic Results and History|website=Teamgb.com|language=en|access-date=2018-02-22}}</ref> middleweight boxer [[Jock McAvoy]], [[World Rally Championship]] navigator [[Daniel Barritt]],<ref>{{Cite web |title=Daniel Barritt Steckbrief |trans-title=Daniel Barritt profile |url=https://www.speedweek.com/steckbrief/2697/Daniel-Barritt.html |access-date=14 July 2023 |website=Speedweek.com |language=de}}</ref> and hammer thrower [[Sophie Hitchon]].

{{wide image|Burnley Pano.jpg|2000px|A [[panoramic image]] showing the town of Burnley from Crown point road. To the far top left of the image is the imposing [[Pendle Hill]], with the [[Yorkshire Dales]] visible in the top central background. In the left of the image shows the town centre of Burnley and [[Turf Moor]] can be seen in the very centre of the picture. To the right the areas of Brunshaw and Pike Hill can be seen.|left}}


==Twin towns==
Bunley is [[sister city|twinned]] with
* [[Vitry-sur-Seine]], France<ref>{{cite web|title=Burnley Twinning Association|url=https://burnley.gov.uk/council-democracy/burnley-twinning-association/|access-date=15 September 2025}}</ref>


==See also==
* [[Pendelfin]], a Burnley-based stoneware company named after Pendle Hill
* [[List of collieries in Lancashire since 1854#Burnley area|Collieries in the Burnley area of Lancashire]]
* [[List of mining disasters in Lancashire]]

==References==
'''Citations'''
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Tommies">{{citation |title=The Tommies' tipple is back in vogue |url=http://www.aftermathww1.com/benedictine.asp |newspaper=Manchester Evening News |date=2 August 2002 |access-date=23 October 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070703012100/http://www.aftermathww1.com/benedictine.asp |archive-date=3 July 2007 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<ref name="Bene1">
{{citation |title=Liqueur is hot stuff at working men's club |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/liqueur-is-hot-stuff-at-working-mens-club-1436797.html |newspaper=The Independent |date=18 May 1994 |access-date=3 September 2012 |location=London |first=Richard |last=Smith}}
</ref>
<ref name="Bene2">
{{citation |title=It's a Bene for the guy, folks! |url=https://www.lancashiretelegraph.co.uk/archive/2004/11/01/Lancashire+Archive/5811760.It_s_a_Bene_for_the_guy__folks_/ |newspaper=Lancashire Telegraph |date=1 November 2004 |access-date=3 September 2012}}
</ref>
<ref name="Bene3">{{citation |title=Limited edition Bene for club |url=http://www.burnleyexpress.net/news/limited-edition-bene-for-club-1-2733833 |newspaper=Burnley Express |date=3 November 2010 |access-date=3 September 2012 |archive-date=1 April 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401220135/http://www.burnleyexpress.net/news/limited-edition-bene-for-club-1-2733833 |url-status=dead }}</ref>}}

'''Bibliography'''
* {{citation |last=Hall |first=Brian |title=Burnley: A Short History |year=1977 |publisher=Burnley Historical Society |isbn=978-0-9500695-3-1}}
* Brian Hall & Ken Spencer, ''Burnley: A Pictorial History'', Phillimore, 1993, {{ISBN|0-85033-866-2}}
* Guy Rickards, "Icarus Soaring: The Music of John Pickard" in ''Tempo'', n.s., 201 (July 1997), pp.&nbsp;2–5
* Kev Roberts, ''Northern Soul Top 500'', Goldmine Publications, 2000, {{ISBN|0-9539291-0-8}}

==Further reading==
* Walter Bennett, ''The History of Burnley'', 4 vols., Burnley Corporation, 1946–1951
* Ken Bolton & Roger Frost, ''Burnley'', Francis Frith, 2006 {{ISBN|1-84589-131-7}}
* Mike Townend, ''Burnley'', Tempus Publishing, 2004 {{ISBN|0-7524-1566-2}}
* Mike Townend, ''Burnley Revisited'', Tempus Publishing, 2006 {{ISBN|0-7524-3996-0}}

==External links==
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Burnley}}
{{Commons category|Burnley}}
{{wikivoyage|Burnley}}
* [http://www.burnley.gov.uk Burnley Borough Council]
* [http://www.visitburnley.com/ Visit Burnley]

===Maps and photographs===
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101217094149/http://lancashire.gov.uk/environment/oldmap/towns/burnley/burnleye.jpg Ordnance Survey Map of Eastern Burnley in 1890]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20101217075448/http://lancashire.gov.uk/environment/oldmap/towns/burnley/burnleyw.jpg Ordnance Survey Map of Western Burnley in 1890]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20160330090753/http://www3.lancashire.gov.uk/environment/oldmap/1910/BURNLEY.gif Ordnance Survey Map of Burnley in 1910]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20130517155004/http://www.lancashire.gov.uk/environment/oldmap/1950s/burnley.gif Ordnance Survey Map of Burnley in 1953–55]
* [https://www.geograph.org.uk/search.php?i=14145413 Photographs of Burnley at Geograph (UK)]

{{Borough of Burnley}}
{{Lancashire}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Burnley| ]]
[[Category:Towns in Lancashire]]
[[Category:Market towns in Lancashire]]
[[Category:Unparished areas in Lancashire]]
[[Category:Former civil parishes in Lancashire]]