View source for CSX Transportation

{{Short description|Class I railroad system in the United States}}
{{Redirect|CSX|the parent company|CSX Corporation|other uses}}
{{Use American English|date=September 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=September 2025}}
{{Infobox rail
| railroad_name = CSX Transportation
| logo          = CSX Corporation logo.svg
| system_map    = CSX Transportation system map.svg
| map_caption   = A map of CSX Transportation's train routes with trackage rights in purple, {{As of|2009|lc=y}}
| image         = CSX 660 (9116932295).jpg
| image_caption = CSX 660, a [[GE AC6000CW]], westbound at [[Point of Rocks, Maryland]]
| hq_city       = [[CSX Transportation Building]], 500 Water Street, [[Jacksonville, Florida]], US
| marks         = CSXT
| locale        = [[Northeastern United States|Northeastern]], [[Southern United States|Southern]], [[East North Central states|Midwestern]] United States and [[Eastern Canada]]
| start_year    = {{Start date|1986|7|1}}
| end_year      = present
| predecessors  = {{Collapsible list|[[Chessie System]]|[[Seaboard System Railroad]]|[[Baltimore and Ohio Railroad]]|[[Chesapeake and Ohio Railway]]|[[Western Maryland Railroad]]|[[Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad]]|[[Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad]]|[[Georgia Railroad and Banking Company]]|[[Conrail]]|[[Pan Am Railways]]}}
| gauge         = {{Track gauge|ussg|allk=on}}
| length        = {{Convert|21000|mi}}
| website       = {{Official URL}}
|key_people=Steve Angel (President and CEO)<br /> Mike Cory (Executive Vice President and COO)<br /> Kevin Boone (Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer)<br /> Stephen Fortune (Executive Vice President and Chief Digital and Technology Officer)<br /> Sean Pelkey (Executive Vice President and CFO)<br /> Diana Sorfleet (Executive Vice President and Chief Administrative Officer)<br /> Michael Burns (Senior Vice President, Chief Legal Officer, and Corporate Secretary)}}

'''CSX Transportation''' {{Reporting mark|CSXT}}, known colloquially as simply '''CSX''', is a [[Railroad classes|Class I]] freight railroad company operating in the [[Eastern United States]] and the Canadian provinces of [[Ontario]] and [[Quebec]]. Operating about 21,000 route miles ({{convert|21,000|mi|km|disp=output only}}) of track,<ref>{{cite web |publisher=CSX Transportation |url=http://www.csx.com/index.cfm/about-csx/company-overview/ |title=Company Overview |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110129015703/http://www.csx.com/index.cfm/about-csx/company-overview/ |archive-date=January 29, 2011 |access-date=December 2, 2012 }}</ref> it is the leading [[subsidiary]] of [[CSX Corporation]], a [[Fortune 500]] company headquartered in [[Jacksonville, Florida]].<ref name="CSX Corporate Structure">{{Cite web |title=CSX Corporate Structure |url=https://www.csx.com/index.cfm/about-the-site/corporate-structure/ |access-date=January 7, 2019 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Fortune 500 - CSX |url=http://fortune.com/fortune500/csx/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190107105843/http://fortune.com/fortune500/csx/ |archive-date=January 7, 2019 |website=Fortune }}</ref>

CSX Corporation was formed in 1980 from the merger of [[Chessie System]] and [[Seaboard Coast Line Industries]], two holding companies that controlled railroads operating in the [[East Coast of the United States|Eastern United States]]. Initially only a holding company, the subsidiaries that made up CSX Corporation completed merging in 1987. CSX Transportation formally came into existence in 1986, as the successor of [[Seaboard System Railroad]]. In 1999, CSX Transportation acquired about half of [[Conrail]] in a joint purchase with competitor [[Norfolk Southern Railway]]. In 2022, it acquired [[Pan Am Railways]], extending its reach into northern [[New England]].

Norfolk Southern remains CSX's chief competitor; the two share a [[duopoly]] on transcontinental freight rail lines in the east half of the US.

==History==

===Predecessors===
{{See also|List of CSX Transportation predecessor railroads}}CSX is the result of a number of mergers among railroads operating in the eastern United States, the earliest among them the [[Baltimore and Ohio Railroad]] (B&O) which formed in the 1820s.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|p=14}} Many of the competing railroads along the east coast began merging from the 1950s onward as part of a broader trend of consolidation. An announcement from the [[New York Central Railroad|New York Central]] (NYC) and [[Pennsylvania Railroad|Pennsylvania]] (PRR) railroads in November 1957 that they were considering combining set off discussions between the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad and the [[Chesapeake and Ohio Railway]] (C&O) on a merger.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|pp=43-45}} Ultimately, the financially stronger C&O took control of the B&O in December 1962, though the two railroads kept their separate identities. The NYC and PRR ultimately formed [[Penn Central Transportation Company]] in 1968, which by 1970 was bankrupt.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|p=48}}

The combined C&O/B&O purchased stock in the [[Western Maryland Railway]] until it was able to take full control in February 1967, bringing a third railroad into the combined entity, which in 1973 became formally known as the [[Chessie System]] after the C&O's historic cat mascot Chessie.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|pp=51-52}}

While the railroads in [[Appalachia]] were merging, southern railroads (and historical competitors) [[Seaboard Air Line Railroad]] and [[Atlantic Coast Line Railroad]] decided to pursue a merger in 1960, which was authorized by the [[Interstate Commerce Commission]] in late 1963 and finally completed in 1967, forming the [[Seaboard Coast Line Railroad]].{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|pp=54-55}} The combined company absorbed the [[Piedmont and Northern Railway]] in 1969.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|p=58}}

In the Midwest, the [[Louisville and Nashville Railroad]] (L&N) went on an acquisition spree, splitting the [[Chicago and Eastern Illinois Railroad]] (C&EI) with the [[Missouri Pacific Railroad]] in 1969. This was followed in 1971 with the acquisition of the [[Monon Railroad]], which had complained bitterly about the C&EI split. The L&N also purchased a portion of the [[Tennessee Central Railway]] in 1969.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|pp=58-60}} While still independent, the L&N had long standing links to the Atlantic Coast Line, and other railroads in the region began to worry about a combined L&N/SCL system.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|p=55}}

In 1969, the Seaboard Coast Line created [[Seaboard Coast Line Industries]] as a holding company. The Seaboard Coast Line Railroad had already held some of L&N's stock, but the new holding company began buying up as much as it could find and held nearly total control of shares by 1971. With this also came control of the [[Clinchfield Railroad]] and [[Georgia Railroad and Banking Company|Georgia Railroad]], both of which were nominally jointly owned by SCL and L&N. The resulting railroad conglomerate began operating under the name "Family Lines".{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|pp=60, 62}}

Despite this wave of mergers, one more was yet to come—the combination of Chessie System and the Family Lines. To this end, the [[CSX Corporation]] was organized on November 14, 1978, as a future vehicle for such a merger. Chessie and SCL Industries formally applied for ICC approval of their merger plans in January 1979, causing a rapid reaction from the region's other railroads. By April, the [[Norfolk and Western Railway]] and [[Southern Railway (U.S.)|Southern Railway]] unveiled their own plans for a merger. The Southern was opposed to the planned CSX merger, but soon came to terms with Chessie and SCL and dropped its objections.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|p=62}} On November 1, 1980, following ICC approval, CSX Corporation officially came into being as the successor of Chessie System and Seaboard Coast Line Industries. In 1982, N&W and the Southern completed their merger and formed [[Norfolk Southern Railway]], creating a competitor to CSX.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|p=62}}

=== Early years ===
[[File:CSXJAX15.JPG|thumb|[[CSX Transportation Building]] in [[Jacksonville, Florida]]]]
[[File:Csx corp logo.svg|thumb|Original logo for the [[CSX Corporation]], emphasizing the "multiplication symbol" X]]

One of the first issues the new railroad grappled with was the choice of name. Chessie and SCLI leadership agreed that, as a merger of equals, neither of the existing names could be used. A call for suggestions went out to employees of both railroads, who responded with a wide variety of initialisms combining C and S in some form. At the same time, the two companies' lawyers needed a name to use as part of their proceedings with the ICC.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Dolinger |first=Milt |date=October 23, 2023 |title=CSX: How this railroad got its name |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/railroads/history/csx-how-this-railroad-got-its-name/ |work=[[Trains (magazine)|Trains]] |access-date=October 9, 2024 }}</ref> "CSC" was chosen but belonged to a trucking company in [[Virginia]]. "CSM" (for "Chessie-Seaboard Merger") was also taken. Needing some sort of identifier for the new railroad, the lawyers decided to use "CSX", and the name stuck, despite only being intended as a placeholder.<ref name=":0" /> In the public announcement, it was said that "CSX is singularly appropriate. C can stand for Chessie, S for Seaboard and X, the multiplication symbol, means that together we are so much more."<ref name=":0" /> However, an August 9, 2016, article on the ''Railway Age'' website stated that " ... the 'X' was for 'Consolidated' ".<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Vantuono |first=William |date=September 28, 2016 |title=So what does the "X" in "CSX" really mean? |url=http://www.railwayage.com/index.php/blogs/william-vantuono/so-what-does-the-x%E2%80%9D-in-csx%E2%80%9D-really-mean.html?channel=00 |journal=Railway Age |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160903155248/http://www.railwayage.com/index.php/blogs/william-vantuono/so-what-does-the-x%E2%80%9D-in-csx%E2%80%9D-really-mean.html?channel=00 |archive-date=September 3, 2016 }}</ref> A fourth letter had to be added to CSX when used as a [[reporting mark]] (CSXT) because reporting marks that end in X mean that the car is owned by a leasing company or private car owner.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|p=69}} Chessie's public relations staff drafted a number of possible logos for the new railroad, but continued to strike out until it was suggested to combine the letters "C" and "S" in the shape of an X.<ref name=":0" />

Despite the merger in 1980, CSX was a [[paper railroad]] (meaning no CSX painted locomotives or rolling stock) until 1986. In that year, Seaboard System changed its name to CSX Transportation. On April 30, 1987, the B&O merged into the C&O. With the Western Maryland having already merged into the C&O, this left the C&O as the sole operating railroad under the Chessie System banner. Finally, on August 31, 1987, C&O/Chessie System merged into CSX Transportation, bringing all of the major CSX railroads under one banner.

===Conrail acquisition===
Government formed [[Conrail]] began to show promise in the early 1980s, showing a profit for the first time under the leadership of [[L. Stanley Crane]] in the wake of the [[Staggers Rail Act]]. The [[Reagan Administration]] wished to privatize Conrail now that it had shown it could stand on its own and placed it for sale in 1983. While CSX expressed interest, it ultimately did not place a bid for Conrail; Norfolk Southern did, however. When the government identified NS' bid as the winner, CSX realized it faced financial peril from a combined NS/Conrail system. The railroad fiercely argued against allowing the sale to go through, even arguing that monopoly concerns precluded a Conrail sale to either NS or CSX. Despite his history in organizing the NS merger while leading the Southern Railway, Crane was a strong advocate for Conrail's independence and proposed an alternative: privatizing Conrail through an [[initial public offering]] to the general public. Crane's solution was ultimately adopted in 1987, keeping Conrail independent.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|pp=65-66}}

This was not the end of CSX and NS interest in Conrail, and attempts by both competitors resumed in the 1990s. This time, CSX struck first, announcing a surprise deal to purchase Conrail in October 1996. NS promptly made an offer of its own and began a bidding war with CSX that was only resolved in January 1997 when the competitors struck a deal to split Conrail between them.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|pp=74, 76}}

[[File:Old CSXT Gondola.jpg|thumb|An old CSX [[Gondola (rail)|gondola car]]]]

On June 23, 1997, CSX and [[Norfolk Southern Railway]] (NS) filed a joint application with the [[Surface Transportation Board]] for authority to purchase, divide, and operate the assets of the {{convert|11000|mi|adj=on}} Conrail, which had been created in 1976 by bringing together several ailing [[Northeastern United States|Northeastern]] railway systems into a [[State-owned enterprise|government-owned corporation]]. On June 6, 1998, the STB approved the CSX–NS application and set August 22, 1998, as the effective date of its decision. CSX acquired 42 percent of Conrail's assets, and NS received the remaining 58 percent. As a result of the transaction, CSX's rail operations grew to include some {{convert|3800|mi}} of the Conrail system (predominantly lines that had belonged to the former [[New York Central Railroad]]). CSX began operating its trains on its portion of the Conrail network on June 1, 1999. CSX now serves much of the [[Eastern United States]], with a few routes into nearby Canadian cities.

The two competitors were unwilling to give one company full control of busy industrial areas in [[Detroit]], [[Philadelphia]], and northern New Jersey (the [[Chemical Coast]]). A compromise solution was reached by creating [[Conrail Shared Assets Operations]], a jointly owned [[switching and terminal railroad]] which would operate in these areas on behalf of both CSX and NS.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|pp=77-78}}

=== Other acquisitions ===
Virginia shortline [[Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad]] (RF&P) was acquired by CSX in February 1990. The RF&P had historically been jointly owned by a number of connecting railroads through a holding company and operated as a [[bridge line]]. All of these owners except the Pennsylvania Railroad and the Southern Railway eventually became part of CSX, and the PRR stake was given up during the bankruptcy of Penn Central. This purchase added a new connection between [[Alexandria, Virginia|Alexandria]] and [[Richmond, Virginia|Richmond]], linking former B&O lines with those of C&O and Seaboard. However, the State of Virginia, which held partial ownership of the RF&P, was displeased with the merger agreement created by CSX. In particular the status of [[Potomac Yard]], then a major [[classification yard]] in the RF&P system, was a matter of disagreement. The yard had potential for redevelopment, and as part of negotiations with the state, CSX ultimately agreed to decommission the rail yard by the time a deal was reached in October 1991 whereby CSX and the State of Virginia each purchased part of the RF&P.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|pp=70-71}}

From the 1930s, the B&O had used part of the [[Pittsburgh and Lake Erie Railroad]] (P&LE) main line from [[McKeesport, Pennsylvania]], to [[West Pittsburg, Pennsylvania|West Pittsburg]] via a [[trackage rights]] agreement. The P&LE remained healthy enough to escape inclusion in Conrail, but a severe downturn in the steel industry in the 1980s crippled the railroad. As local traffic dried up, conditions reached the point that the B&O was running as many as 20 trains per day on the P&LE main line versus just one run by the line's owner. When P&LE employees went on strike to protest a change in ownership of the railroad, the company cut maintenance and reduced its main line to one track to cut costs. This adversely affected CSX usage of the line and sparked an interest in purchasing it outright.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|pp=71, 73}}

An initial attempt to buy out the P&LE in partnership with an [[employee buyout]] by P&LE employees in 1988 failed when negotiations between CSX and the other railroad's unions could not come to an agreement. CSX instead purchased the P&LE main line outright in 1991, leasing it back to the P&LE. The next year, CSX formed the [[Three Rivers Railway]] as a subsidiary and purchased several key P&LE lines through it. CSX did not want the entire railroad, so some lines and company assets were instead retained by the P&LE's parent company, which ultimately sold them off.{{Sfn|Solomon|2005|pp=73-74}}

===Into the 21st century===
The company introduced its current slogan, "How Tomorrow Moves", in 2008.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Dolinger |first=Milt |date=May 1, 2006 |title=How CSX Got Its Name |url=http://www.trains.com/trn/default.aspx?c=a&id=274 |journal=Trains |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081209051558/http://www.trains.com/trn/default.aspx?c=a&id=274 |archive-date=December 9, 2008 }}</ref>

In 2014, [[Canadian Pacific Railway]] approached CSX with an offer to merge the two companies, but CSX declined, and in 2015 Canadian Pacific made an attempt to purchase and merge with [[Norfolk Southern Railway|Norfolk Southern]],<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Mattioli |first1=Dana |last2=Hoffman |first2=Liz |last3=George-Cosh |first3=David |date=October 13, 2014 |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/canadian-pacific-approached-csx-about-merger-deal-1413141950 |title=Canadian Pacific Approached CSX About Merger Deal |work=The Wall Street Journal |access-date=September 16, 2025 }}</ref> but NS declined to do so as well.

[[File:CSXT EMD GP40-3.jpg|thumb|A CSX Transportation EMD GP40-3 located in [[Knoxville]]]]

In 2017, CSX announced [[E. Hunter Harrison|Hunter Harrison]] would become its new chief executive officer; a settlement with activist investor [[Paul Hilal]] and Mantle Ridge.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Orol |first=Ronald |date=March 6, 2017 |title=CSX, Mantle Ridge Reach Blockbuster Deal |work=TheStreet.com |url=https://www.thestreet.com/story/14029095/1/csx-mantle-ridge-reach-blockbuster-deal.html}}</ref> CSX added five new directors to their board, including Harrison and Mantle Ridge founder Paul Hilal. Mantle Ridge owns 4.9% of CSX.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Michael Flaherty and Aishwarya Venugopal |date=March 6, 2017 |title=UPDATE 2-CSX names Hunter Harrison CEO |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/csx-shareholders-idUSL2N1GJ1F6}}</ref> Harrison quickly moved to convert CSX rail operations to [[precision railroading]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Barrow |first=Keith |date=September 17, 2019 |title=Precision Scheduled Railroading Evolution-Revolution |url=https://www.railjournal.com/in_depth/precision-scheduled-railroading-evolution-revolution |publisher=International Railway Journal }}</ref> On December 14, 2017, CSX announced that Hunter Harrison was on medical leave. Two days after the announcement, Harrison died, one day after being hospitalized for complications of an ongoing illness. CSX initially saw a 10% drop in its stock price, but turned around to hit a new 52-week high less than a month later (January 2018).<ref name="Reuters Business">{{Cite web |date=December 18, 2017 |title=CSX Investors Seek Clarity After CEO Death, Stock Stabilizes |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-csx-stocks/csx-falls-on-ceo-death-investors-seek-turnaround-clarity-idUSKBN1EC1H7 |access-date=October 15, 2018 |publisher=Reuters }}</ref>  Harrison's successors have continued the shift to precision railroading, with most [[Classification yard|hump yards]] converted to flat yards, low volume shipping lanes eliminated and reductions in rolling stock and work force.

===Pan Am Railways acquisition===
On November 30, 2020, CSX Transportation's parent company CSX Corporation announced on social media that they had come to an agreement with Pan Am Systems to purchase [[New England]] based Class II [[Pan Am Railways]], pending regulatory approval from the [[Surface Transportation Board]]. The STB approved the purchase on April 14, 2022.<ref name="Trains-Stephens-2022">{{Cite web |last=Stephens |first=Bill |date=April 14, 2022 |title=Regulators approve CSX Transportation's acquisition of Pan Am Railways (updated) |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/regulators-approve-csx-transportations-acquisition-of-pan-am-railways/ |work=Trains |access-date=May 1, 2022 }}</ref> As part of the acquisition, Norfolk Southern Railway will gain trackage rights over several CSX lines, and [[Pan Am Southern]], 50 percent owned by Pan Am Railways, will be operated by the [[Berkshire and Eastern Railroad]], a new [[Genesee & Wyoming]] subsidiary formed explicitly for this purpose.<ref name="Trains-Stephens-2022" /> CSX completed the purchase on June 1, 2022.<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 1, 2022 |title=CSX Completes Acquisition of Pan Am Railways |url=https://www.csx.com/index.cfm/about-us/media/press-releases/csx-completes-acquisition-of-pan-am-railways/}}</ref>

===Meridian and Bigbee Railroad acquisition===
On June 28, 2023, CSX and [[Canadian Pacific Kansas City]] (CPKC) announced the intention to purchase [[Meridian and Bigbee Railroad]] (MNBR). The MNBR creates a connection {{convert|168|mi}} between CSX in [[Burkville, Alabama]] near [[Montgomery, Alabama|Montgomery]], and [[Meridian, Mississippi]], where it joins the [[Meridian Speedway]] heading west. Under the proposed agreement, CSX will resume operations between Montgomery and Myrtlewood, terminating the lease currently in place with MNBR, while CPKC will acquire the {{convert|50.4|mi}} segment of the line between Myrtlewood and Meridian. MNBR will cease operations between Montgomery and Myrtlewood although it may continue to operate between Myrtlewood and Meridian, and continue to serve existing customers on that segment of the line.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 20, 2023 |title=STB sets schedules to consider CPKC, CSX plan to acquire G&W short line |url=https://www.progressiverailroading.com/federal_legislation_regulation/news/STB-sets-schedules-to-consider-CPKC-CSX-plan-to-acquire-GW-short-line--70587 |website=Progressive Railroading |access-date=December 20, 2023 }}</ref> If the STB approves the purchase, it will provide a connection between the two companies' networks and allow CSX traffic destined for Mexico to be delivered directly to CPKC, eliminating the need for a third intermediate railroad to move such traffic. Currently, CSX traffic bound for Mexico is exchanged with the [[Union Pacific Railroad]] in [[New Orleans]], who then takes it to the cross-border gateway in [[Laredo, Texas]], where it is delivered to CPKC.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stephens |first=Bill |date=July 10, 2023 |title=CPKC-CSX deal over Meridian & Bigbee shortcut finally realizes Mike Haverty's vision: Analysis |work=Trains |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/cpkc-csx-deal-over-meridian-bigbee-shortcut-finally-realizes-mike-havertys-vision-analysis/ |access-date=August 7, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Stephens |first=Bill |date=June 28, 2023 |title=CPKC and CSX to create direct interchange via G&W short line in Alabama |work=Trains |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/cpkc-and-csx-to-create-direct-interchange-via-gw-short-line-in-alabama/ |access-date=August 7, 2023 }}</ref>

In October 2024, the STB approved CSX's resumption of operations on the {{convert|93.7|mi}} leased from M&B between Burkville and Myrtlewood and CPKC's purchase of the {{convert|50.4|mi}} miles of line between Myrtlewood and Meridian. The agreement became effective on November 16, 2024.

Initially, and for the next five years, CSX and CPKC will interchange across the line an average of two trains per day in each direction.

In turn, the Board also required CSX to maintain its [[Selma, Alabama|Selma, AL]], gateway open and to provide one shipper access to the NS at Selma at the M&B rate for five years, subject to reasonable cost escalation. It also includes conditions protecting employees affected by the line sale, and requires noise mitigation efforts regarding the CSX portion.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Lassen |first=David |date=October 17, 2024 |title=Regulators approve CPKC, CSX acquisition of Meridian & Bigbee |work=Trains |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/regulators-approve-cpkc-csx-acquisition-of-meridian-bigbee/ |access-date=November 7, 2024}}</ref>

A few days before CSX and CPKC officially took over the former M&B line, [[Schneider National]], CSX's one of major intermodal partners and CPKC's main partner, announced that a new interline service connecting the Southeast (Florida and Georgia) with the Texas and Mexico markets via the route between Montgomery and Meridian will be launched beginning in December.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Cannon |first=Jason |date=November 11, 2024 |title=Schneider launches 'transformational' cross border intermodal service |work=[[CCJ Digital]] |url=https://www.ccjdigital.com/business/article/15707940/schneider-launches-new-intermodal-service-with-cpkc |access-date=November 18, 2024 }}</ref>

===Proposed merger with BNSF Railway or Canadian Pacific Kansas City===
[[File:BNSF and CSX railroads.webp|thumb|[[BNSF Railway|BNSF]] and CSX railroads]]

In August 2025, investor group [[Ancora Holdings]] urged the company to begin exploring a merger agreement with [[BNSF Railway|BNSF]], the largest Class I railroad in the West, or [[Canadian Pacific Kansas City|CPKC]], in response to the announced proposed mega-merger project between Union Pacific and Norfolk Southern.<ref name="CSXmerger">{{Cite news |last=Lassen |first=David |date=August 19, 2025 |title=Ancora pushes for CSX to pursue merger, targets CEO Hinrichs (updated) |work=Trains |url=https://www.trains.com/pro/freight/class-i/ancora-pushes-for-csx-to-pursue-merger-targets-ceo-hinrichs/ |access-date=August 24, 2025 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=August 19, 2025 |title=Hedge Fund Urges CSX to Merge with BNSF or CPKC |url=https://railfan.com/hedge-fund-urges-csx-to-merge-with-bnsf-or-cpkc/ |work=[[Railfan & Railroad]] |access-date=August 24, 2025 }}</ref>

At the same time, the investor group pressured the company to remove CEO and President [[Joseph R. Hinrichs|Joe Hinrichs]], citing the financial and operational decline of the railroad, among other claims. According to Trains.com, since Hinrichs joined CSX in 2022, the railroad has produced the best total shareholder returns among publicly traded Class I railroads.<ref name="CSX">{{Cite news |last=Stephens |first=Bill |date=August 20, 2025 |title=CSX 'strongly disagrees' with activist investor's accusations |work=Trains |url=https://www.trains.com/pro/freight/class-i/csx-strongly-disagrees-with-activist-investors-accusations/ |access-date=August 24, 2025 }}</ref> However, according to a March 2025 analysis by Trefis, CSX had a three-year compounded annual return of -3.7% over the period from 2021 to 2024. This was below the peer group's average return of -1.0% for the same period.<ref>[https://www.trefis.com/data/companies/CSX/no-login-required/98KKCvhg/CSX-Total-Shareholder-Return-TSR-5-6-in-2024-and-3-7-3-yr-compounded-annual-returns-below-peer-average-#:~:text=CSX%20generated%20%2D5.6%25%20TSR%20in,%25%2C%20Dividend%20Returns%3A%200.0%25) https://www.trefis.com/data/companies/CSX/no-login-required/98KKCvhg/CSX-Total-Shareholder-Return-TSR-5-6-in-2024-and-3-7-3-yr-compounded-annual-returns-below-peer-average-#:~:text=CSX%20generated%20%2D5.6%25%20TSR%20in,%25%2C%20Dividend%20Returns%3A%200.0%25)]</ref> According to an article in Semafor, "Hinrichs' performance over the last year was similarly lackluster. CSX's stock price was middle-of-the-pack, but it had lagged on key efficiency metrics."<ref name=":1">{{Cite news |last=Goswami |first=Rohan |date=2025-10-21 |title=Exclusive / The inside story of CSX's CEO shakeup |url=https://www.semafor.com/article/10/21/2025/the-inside-story-of-csxs-ceo-shakeup |access-date=2024-10-22 |work=Semafor}}</ref> Hinrichs at several times asked for a pay increase for himself, which was $14 million annually.<ref name=":1" />

During his tenure, CEO Joe Hinrichs emphasized cultural and workforce initiatives such as the "ONE CSX" program. He defended shareholder returns during his time as CEO, but critics have said CSX's operating ratio had deteriorated from 58 percent to about 67 percent, and second-quarter 2025 operating income fell 11% year-over-year. Some investors have questioned his "servant leadership" management style.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Riley |first=Kim |date=2025-09-10 |title=CSX at a Crossroads: Will consolidation force a leadership change? |url=https://transportationtodaynews.com/news/36228-csx-at-a-crossroads-will-consolidation-force-a-leadership-change/ |access-date=2025-09-22 |website=Transportation Today |language=en-US}}</ref>

[[Citigroup]] analyst Ariel Rosa was perplexed by Ancora's position it provided in a letter to CSX. The letter stated:

{{Quote box
| quote = Unfortunately, aside from bolstering employee engagement, making use of the Company's private planes and manicuring his social media footprint, we are hard pressed to find any real accomplishments tied to Mr. Hinrichs. His time at CSX is best encapsulated by this anecdote: on the very day Jim Vena and Mark George were announcing the largest merger in industry history, Mr. Hinrichs was out promoting his involvement with the Company's internship program on his tidily managed LinkedIn profile.
| source = Ancora letter to CSX, 8/6/25<ref>https://www.railwayage.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/08/Ancora-Letter-to-CSX.pdf</ref>
}}

In response, Rosa wrote:
{{quote box
| width = 85em
| align = left
| quote = We find this letter a bit confounding given: 1) its aggressive tone, which we believe is largely unwarranted; 2) its timing, as CSX has been showing improvement on the service issues that impacted the company earlier this year; 3) Ancora's relatively small holdings, which we calculate as less than 0.2% of CSX shares outstanding; 4) what appears to be a misrepresentation of certain facts; 5) its suggestion that CSX faces 'permanent impairment of value' if it does not act imminently; and 6) the suggestion that CSX has not been open to strategic alternatives. By pushing CSX to be a forced seller, we worry that Ancora risks deteriorating CSX's negotiating position. We believe a patient approach is likely more prudent.
| source = Bill Stephens of ''[[Trains (magazine)|Trains]]'' on "CSX 'strongly disagrees' with activist investor's accusations"<ref name="CSX" />
}}

Ancora, which also owns shares in CPKC, also urged the company to sit down and negotiate a possible merger agreement with CSX, but because the Canadian company's eventual purchase of CSX could be frowned upon by the [[Federal Government]], the investment group has suggested that CSX buy out CPKC and retain in its place as CEO and President [[Keith Creel]].<ref name="CSXmerger"/>

CSX has hired [[Goldman Sachs]] to advise it regarding any merger with BNSF or CPKC matters.<ref name="CSX" />

[[Warren Buffett]], the owner of [[Berkshire Hathaway]], BNSF's parent company, has denied that his Railroad is seeking a merger with CSX or to submit a better offer for NS. Company executives also denied rumors of an eventual merger with one of the Eastern Class I rail companies. However, they reported that they are in talks with CSX to launch new joint intermodal services from [[Jacksonville, Florida]], [[Charlotte, North Carolina]], [[Atlanta, Georgia]] and the ports of [[Port of New York and New Jersey|New York and Newark]] to BNSF's intermodal terminals in [[Phoenix, Arizona|Phoenix]], [[Kansas City, Kansas|Kansas City]], [[Barstow, California|Barstow]], [[Stockton, California|Stockton]] and [[San Bernardino]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Franz |first=Justin |date=August 25, 2025 |title=Warren Buffett: BNSF Will not Merge with CSX or NS |url=https://railfan.com/warren-buffett-bnsf-will-not-merge-with-csx-or-ns/ |work=Railfan & Railroad |access-date=August 25, 2025 }}</ref>

CPKC also clarified that, for the time being, it is not interested in pursuing a merger agreement with CSX. Any major rail merger, CPKC says, poses "unprecedented risks to customers, rail employees, and the broader supply chain. Those risks would be exacerbated by the inevitable follow-on consolidation," the railway says.<ref name="CSXmerger2">{{Cite news |last=Stephens |first=Bill |date=August 26, 2025 |title=CPKC: Railroads should focus on interline partnerships, not mergers|url=https://www.trains.com/pro/freight/class-i/cpkc-railroads-should-focus-on-interline-partnerships-not-mergers/ |work=Trains Magazine |access-date=October 24, 2025 }}</ref>

CPKC also announced that it will seek to strengthen its joint intermodal service with CSX, "Southeast Mexico Express," which runs from the southeast (Georgia and Florida) to markets in Texas and Mexico.<ref name="CSXmerger2"/>

Investor pressure had an effect, and in September 2025, Hinrichs was removed from the company's board of directors, with Steve Angel taking his place as the new CEO of CSX.<ref>{{cite news|last=Berman |first=Jeff |date=September 29, 2025 |title=CSX taps Steve Angel as CEO to drive next phase of growth |url=https://www.logisticsmgmt.com/article/csx_taps_steve_angel_as_ceo_to_drive_next_phase_of_growth |work=Logistics Management|access-date=September 30, 2025}}</ref> Angel, an executive with a career in the chemical and railway industries when he worked at General Electric, will have the task of negotiating the eventual merger agreement with BNSF or CPKC, especially after President [[Donald Trump]] has spoken out in favor of the proposed mega-merger between UP and NS.<ref>{{cite news|last=Franz |first=Justin |date=September 29, 2025 |title=CSX CEO Suddenly Departs |url=https://railfan.com/csx-ceo-suddenly-departs/ |work=Railfan & Railroad Magazine|access-date=September 30, 2025}}</ref>

==Unit trains==
[[File:Silver Snake (4252221127).jpg|thumb|A long CSX coal train of empty hoppers crosses the [[New River (Kanawha River tributary)|New River]] as seen from [[Hawks Nest State Park]]]]

CSX operated the [[Juice Train]] which consisted of [[Tropicana Products|Tropicana]] cars that carried fresh [[orange juice]] between [[Bradenton, Florida]], and the [[Greenville, Jersey City|Greenville]] section of [[Jersey City, New Jersey]]. The northbound train was originally designated on CSX as K650 during the 1990s, and Q740 in the 2000s. The Juice Train has previously been studied as a model of efficient rail transportation that can compete with trucks and other modes in the perishable-goods trade. In 2017, the train was abolished from north of [[Tampa, Florida]], and now mixed freight trains deliver the cars to their respective destinations. It still operates between Bradenton and Tampa however, but is designated as local O823.<ref name="Juice Train 1997">{{Cite web |title=The Way It Was: Juice Train 1997 | date=October 15, 2020 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-j9jbUSRUPQ |access-date=April 7, 2022 |publisher=Distant Signal Productions }}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=The current source is insufficiently reliable ([[WP:NOTRS]], [[WP:UGC]]).|date=April 2022}}

[[File:Coke Express.jpg|thumb|The Coke Express rolls through a [[level crossing]]. [[Hopper car#Special hopper trains|Hopper cars]] display both the CSX logo and the words ''COKE EXPRESS''.]]

CSX operates Coke Express [[unit train]]s.<ref>{{Cite web |title=CSX.com - Resources |url=https://www.csx.com/index.cfm/customers/commodities/coal/resources/ |publisher=CSX |access-date=June 20, 2022 }}</ref> They carry [[coke (fuel)|coke]] for [[steelmaking]], [[power generation]] and other various uses, running between [[Pittsburgh]] and [[Chicago]], and other places in the [[Rust Belt]].

==Locomotives==
[[File:Clean and Almost Brand New (2246953505).jpg|thumb|A new CSX [[GE Evolution Series#ES44AC (2003–present)|ES44AC]] in the YN3 paint scheme]]

CSX has rebuilt a significant number of locomotives.<ref>{{Cite news |last=<!--not stated--> |date=August 28, 2015 |title=CSX locomotive rebuild program preserves jobs in Huntington |work=WVNews |url=https://www.wvnews.com/csx-locomotive-rebuild-program-preserves-jobs-in-huntington/article_a0956efe-3159-512c-8c29-cacb87d2a45e.html |access-date=March 25, 2022 }}</ref> Some of their [[Electro-Motive Diesel|EMD]] [[EMD GP38-2|GP38-2]], [[EMD GP40-2|GP40-2]], and [[EMD SD40-2|SD40-2]] locomotives have been rebuilt to Dash 3 standards with updated Wabtec Electronically Controlled Air Brakes, air conditioning, automated starting controls, a crash safe cab, a new electronic control stand, and Positive Train Control (PTC).<ref>{{Cite web |title=SD40-3: CSX Old "New" Locomotive |url=https://www.wvncrails.org/sd40-3-csx-old-new-locomotive.html |archive-date=January 30, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130004133/https://www.wvncrails.org/sd40-3-csx-old-new-locomotive.html }}</ref> In 2019, 25 [[EMD SD70 series#SD70MAC (1993–2007)|SD70AC]] locomotives were rebuilt at the CSX Huntington Heavy Repair Facility, with rebuilt prime movers, in-cab electronic and comfort improvements, [[New York Air Brake]] CCB II airbrake systems, and new Mitsubishi drive controls.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Anderson |first=Chris |date=September 3, 2019 |title=CSX upgrading 25 SD70ACs |work=Trains |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/03-csx-rebuilding-25-sd70acs/ |access-date=March 25, 2022}}</ref> CSX has also partnered with [[Wabtec]] to rebuild [[GE Transportation|GE]] locomotives at their Fort Worth facility<ref>{{Cite news |last=Whitely |first=Jason |date=November 27, 2021 |title=Fort Worth factory successfully reinvented itself after railroads stopped buying new locomotives |work=WFAA Dallas |url=https://www.wfaa.com/article/money/business/fort-worth-factory-successfully-reinvented-itself-when-railroads-stopped-buying-new-locomotives/287-dcaef3f1-82e1-48e0-a9ff-a41965dcc95a |access-date=March 25, 2022}}</ref> with prime movers upgraded to the FDL Advantage spec and new electronic controls such as the Wabtec Trip Optimizer Zero-to-Zero system.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Luczak |first=Marybeth |date=June 24, 2021 |title=CSX Selects Wabtec for Power Upgrades |work=Railway Age |url=https://www.railwayage.com/mechanical/locomotives/csx-selects-wabtec-for-power-upgrades/ |access-date=March 25, 2022 }}</ref>

CSX has also obtained a few [[EMD F40PH]]-2s that were previously retired from [[Amtrak]], of which are now being used for executive office car service and [[Track geometry car|geometry trains]]. Under CSX, they were originally numbered 9992, 9993, 9998, and 9999, but in 2021, all of these locomotives except for 9999 were renumbered to CSX 1, 2, and 3, and repainted into a [[Heritage unit|heritage scheme]] honoring the former [[Baltimore and Ohio Railroad]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 23, 2021 |title=New Photo: CSX repaints F40PH locomotive |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/new-photo-csx-repaints-f40ph-locomotive/ |work=Trains |access-date=January 30, 2025 }}</ref> Another locomotive, ex-[[MARC Train|MARC]] [[EMD GP40-based passenger locomotives#GP40WH-2|GP40WH-2]] no. 9969, was also acquired for the same purposes as the previous locomotives.

With the arrival of [[E. Hunter Harrison|Hunter Harrison]], CSX began to store many locomotives. Following Harrison's death, his replacement James Foote largely continued his policies. The company had over 900 locomotives in storage in January 2018.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stephens |first=Bill |date=January 17, 2018 |title='There is no turning back' |url=http://trn.trains.com/news/news-wire/2018/01/17-csx-foote-observations-and-look-ahead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180120050919/http://trn.trains.com/news/news-wire/2018/01/17-csx-foote-observations-and-look-ahead |archive-date=January 20, 2018 |work=Trains |access-date=January 20, 2018 }}</ref>

CSX ordered ten [[EMD SD70 series#SD70ACe-T4 (2015–present)|SD70ACe-T4s]] in August 2018, which were delivered in July the following year. They are classified as ST70AHs. CSX also has a contract with Wabtec for modernizing their fleet of CW44s. The modernized locomotives, nearly thirty in number as of June 2020, are being classified as [[GE AC4400CW#Rebuilds|CM44AC]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Landrum |first=Erik |date=July 9, 2019 |title=First Progress-built Tier 4 locomotives for CSX arrive |work=Trains |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/09-first-progress-built-tier-4-locomotives-for-csx-arrive/ |access-date=March 25, 2022}}</ref> In February 2024, CSX and Wabtec reached a new agreement, of which, involves the modernization of over 200 locomotives. This accounts for the rest of the active roster of [[GE AC4400CW|CW44ACs & CW44AHs]]. The locomotives will be modernized through 2028.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Wabtec and CSX Extend Deal to Modernize over 200 Locomotives |url=https://www.wabteccorp.com/newsroom/press-releases/wabtec-and-csx-extend-deal-to-modernize-over-200-locomotives |website=WabtecCorp.com |access-date=March 8, 2024 }}</ref>

On April 30, 2019, CSX unveiled locomotives 911 and 1776, two [[GE Evolution Series#ES44AC (2003–present)|ES44AH]] locomotives created to honor the first responders and veterans respectively.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Anderson |first=Chris |date=April 30, 2019 |title=CSX releases veterans, first responders commemorative units |url=http://trn.trains.com/news/news-wire/2019/04/30-csx-releases-veterans-first-responders-commemorative-units |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190507042457/http://trn.trains.com/news/news-wire/2019/04/30-csx-releases-veterans-first-responders-commemorative-units |archive-date=May 7, 2019 |work=Trains |access-date=May 31, 2019 }}</ref> Another special unit, ES44AH 3194, was unveiled on August 22, 2019, in honor of the law enforcement.<ref>{{Cite web |date=August 29, 2019 |title=CSX unveils 'Spirit of our Law Enforcement' commemorative locomotive No. 3194 |work=Trains |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/22-csx-unveils-spirit-of-our-law-enforcement-commemorative-locomotive-no-3194/ }}</ref> On September 13, 2022, CSX unveiled SD70AC 4568 painted in honor of [[Operation Lifesaver|Operation Lifesaver's]] 50th anniversary.<ref>{{cite news |title=News photos: CSX unit marks 50th anniversary of Operation Lifesaver |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/news-photos-csx-unit-marks-50th-anniversary-of-operation-lifesaver/ |access-date=May 22, 2024 |work=Trains |publisher=Kalmbach Media |date=September 15, 2022 }}</ref> On December 31, 2024, CSX unveiled another SD70AC 4720 painted in honor of their 'One CSX' initiative  that honors the railroads employees.<ref>{{cite web |date=December 31, 2024|title='One CSX' locomotive unveiled by railroad |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/one-csx-locomotive-unveiled-by-railroad/ |work=Trains |access-date=December 31, 2024 }}</ref>

===Heritage units===
In May 2023, CSX unveiled their [[heritage unit]] program, beginning with ES44AH No. 1827 being painted for the [[Baltimore and Ohio Railroad]]. CSX then stated that a total of 21 heritage locomotives would be painted over the coming months, with the locomotive number coinciding with the year the railroad was founded or the name began being used.<ref>{{cite web |last=Bill |first=Stephens |date=May 12, 2023 |title=Baltimore & Ohio heritage locomotive is the first of many to come, CSX confirms |url=https://www.trains.com/trn/news-reviews/news-wire/baltimore-ohio-heritage-locomotive-is-the-first-of-many-to-come-csx-confirms/ |work=Trains |access-date=December 5, 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Franz |first=Justin |date=November 20, 2024 |title=CSX Releases Final Heritage Unit — For Now |url=https://railfan.com/csx-releases-final-heritage-unit-for-now/ |access-date=November 21, 2024 |work=Railfan & Railroad |publisher=[[White River Productions]] }}</ref>

In the early 2020s a CSX [[EMD GP38-2]] and two CSX [[EMD GP40-2]] locomotives were adorned with heritage paint. Locomotive #2625 was adorned with a [[Louisville and Nashville Railroad|Louisville & Nashville]] themed nose,<ref>{{cite web | title=RailPictures.Net » Photo Search Result » Railroad, Train, Railway Photos, Pictures & News | url=https://www.railpictures.net/showphotos.php?road_number=CSXT%202625 }}</ref> locomotive #6914 adorned a [[Chessie System]] livery on its nose,<ref>{{cite web | title=RailPictures.Net » Photo Search Result » Railroad, Train, Railway Photos, Pictures & News | url=https://www.railpictures.net/showphotos.php?road_number=CSXT%206914 }}</ref> and the third locomotive #6394 (an ex RF&P unit)<ref>{{cite web | title=Pictures of CSX 6394 | url=https://www.rrpicturearchives.net/Locopicture.aspx?id=4513&Page=2 }}</ref> was adorned with a fantasy [[Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac Railroad|Richmond, Fredericksburg and Potomac]] scheme.<ref>{{cite web | title=RailPictures.Net » Photo Search Result » Railroad, Train, Railway Photos, Pictures & News | url=https://www.railpictures.net/showphotos.php?road_number=CSXT%206394 }}</ref>

==Safety==
In 1995, CSX started a new [[liability insurance]] requirement of $200 million to introduce their official policy, "no steam on its own wheels", banning the operation of [[steam locomotive]]s and other antique rail equipment on their trackage due to safety concerns, and increased risk.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Spradlin |first=Kevin |date=June 24, 2010 |title=CSX disputes claims it pulled support for Petersburg festival in '11th hour' |url=https://www.times-news.com/news/local_news/csx-disputes-claims-it-pulled-support-for-petersburg-festival-in/article_4e654e87-c220-5502-add5-4fab42e2ff4d.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403103809/https://www.times-news.com/news/local_news/csx-disputes-claims-it-pulled-support-for-petersburg-festival-in/article_4e654e87-c220-5502-add5-4fab42e2ff4d.html |archive-date=April 3, 2019 |access-date=May 19, 2019 |website=[[Cumberland Times-News]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Wrinn |first=Jim |title=Steam's Camelot: Southern and Norfolk Southern Excursions in Color |publisher=TLC Publishing |date=2000 |isbn=1-883089-56-5 |edition=1st |page=102 }}</ref>

===List of accidents and incidents===
* [[1986 Miamisburg train derailment]] near [[Miamisburg, Ohio]]
* 1993 [[Big Bayou Canot rail accident]], near [[Mobile, Alabama]]
* [[1996 Maryland train collision]], in [[Silver Spring, Maryland]]
* 1997 West Virginia train collision; one killed<ref>{{Cite web |date=June 8, 1997 |title=Train collision kills 1 in West Virginia - June 8, 1997 |url=http://www.cnn.com/US/9706/08/train.crash/ |access-date=February 19, 2023 |website=CNN}}</ref>
* 2000 [[Tennga, Georgia]] bus–train collision; 3 killed, 4 injured
* 2001 [[CSX 8888 incident]], in northwest Ohio, 1 minor injury. This was the inspiration for the 2010 action film ''[[Unstoppable (2010 film)|Unstoppable]]''
* 2001 [[Howard Street Tunnel fire]], in [[Baltimore, Maryland]]
* 2007 [[Brooks derailment]], in Brooks, Kentucky
* 2011 [[Mineral Springs, North Carolina]], train wreck-fire involving 2 (Union Pacific) units and its train of fuel tankers at the back, 2 killed<ref>{{Cite web |title=Rear end collision, Mineral Springs NC {{!}} FRA |url=https://railroads.dot.gov/human-factors/elearning-attention/rear-end-collision-mineral-springs-nc |access-date=October 3, 2021 |website=railroads.dot.gov}}</ref>
* 2012 [[Ellicott City, Maryland]], train derailment, two killed
* 2013 [[July 2013 Spuyten Duyvil derailment|Spuyten Duyvil derailment]]
* 2014 [[Midnight Rider (film)#Events of February 20, 2014|''Midnight Rider'' train incident]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=January 30, 2019 |title=Film Crew member of Midnight Rider killed by train |url=https://www.latimes.com/business/hollywood/la-fi-ct-csx-sarah-jones-settlement-20190130-story.html |access-date=October 22, 2021 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=March 4, 2014 |title=A Train, a Narrow Trestle and 60 Seconds to Escape: How 'Midnight Rider' Victim Sarah Jones Lost Her Life |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/midnight-rider-accident-sarah-jones-death-gregg-allman-685976/ |website=HollywoodReporter.com |access-date=October 22, 2021 }}</ref>
* [[2015 Mount Carbon train derailment]], [[Mount Carbon, West Virginia]]
* [[2015 Tennessee train derailment]], [[Maryville, Tennessee]]
* 2017 [[Biloxi, Mississippi]] collision with tour bus stuck on tracks; 4 killed, 44 injured<ref name="Sun Herald - Biloxi Train Crash">{{Cite web |last=Lee |first=Anita |date=March 15, 2017 |title=Driver was 'Sober' Before Train Hit Tour Bus, Biloxi Chief Says |url=https://www.sunherald.com/news/local/counties/harrison-county/article138752663.html |access-date=October 29, 2018 |website=Sun Herald}}</ref>
* 2017 Pittsburgh suburb coal cars derailment<ref>{{Cite web |date=September 28, 2017 |title=CSX Working to Remove 25 Coal Cars Derailed in Pennsylvania |url=https://www.usnews.com/news/best-states/pennsylvania/articles/2017-09-28/csx-working-to-remove-25-coal-cars-derailed-in-pennsylvania |access-date=August 29, 2022 |website=U.S. News & World Report}}</ref>
* 2017 [[Hyndman, Pennsylvania]] derailment, chemical release and fire<ref>{{Cite web |title=Preliminary Report: Railroad: CSX Transportation, Train Derailment with Hazardous Materials Release |url=https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Pages/DCA17FR011-prelim-report.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403142330/https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Pages/DCA17FR011-prelim-report.aspx |archive-date=April 3, 2019 |website=NTSB.gov }}</ref>
* 2017 [[Atlanta]] derailment destroys occupied home<ref>{{Cite news |title=Train crashes into Atlanta house, destroying it |work=[[USA Today]] |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2017/10/05/atlanta-train-crash-house/734637001/}}</ref>
* 2018 [[Cayce, South Carolina]], train collision involving [[Amtrak]] [[Silver Star (Amtrak train)|Silver Star]] and a CSX autorack train (Q210-03). 2 dead, 116 injured.
* 2018 [[Worcester, Massachusetts]], derailment – On July 21, 2018, a CSX Intermodal train from Worcester, Massachusetts, hits a low overpass, causing 12 cars to derail. One car nearly crashed into a car full of toxic chemicals, engineer injured.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Moulton |first=Cyrus |date=July 21, 2018 |title=CSX Cars Derail at Cambridge Street Bridge in Worcester |url=http://www.telegram.com/news/20180721/csx-cars-derail-at-cambridge-street-bridge-in-worcester |access-date=October 15, 2018 |website=Telegram.com }}</ref>
* 2021 [[Barnsley, Kentucky]], [[2021 Western Kentucky tornado|tornado]] – On December 10, 2021, an [[Enhanced Fujita scale|EF4]] tornado struck and derailed a CSX train, throwing several cars uphill, including one that landed on a house.<ref>{{Cite web |date=December 12, 2021 |title=Kentucky tornado derails a train in Hopkins County; one car lands on home |url=https://news.yahoo.com/western-kentucky-tornado-derails-train-145024314.html |website=News.Yahoo.com |access-date=October 16, 2022 }}</ref>
* 2023 [[Rockland County, New York]], wildfire – On April 14 and 15, 2023, a multitude of wildfires broke out in suburban Rockland County, New York. Several firefighters suffered heat exhaustion battling the flames, and the fires inflicted some damage on property and structures. An investigation into these incidents is underway, with local officials claiming that a CSX train passing through several towns lit sparks, which then ignited on an unseasonably dry day with record-high temperatures upwards of 90&nbsp;°F.<ref>{{Cite web |date=April 14, 2023 |title=Rockland County, New York, officials say sparks from CSX train apparently cause brush fires |url=https://www.cnn.com/2023/04/14/us/rockland-county-csx-train-brush-fires/index.html |website=CNN |access-date=April 15, 2023 }}</ref>
* 2023 [[Rockcastle County, Kentucky]]. 16 cars, two containing molten sulphur and two filled with magnesium hydroxide derailed, causing a large fire that required hundreds of responders to contain. A state of emergency was declared by the governor and residents of the town of Livingston were evacuated. There were no reports of injuries.<ref>{{cite news |last=Frosch |first=Dan |title=Crews Extinguish Fire after CSX Train Derailment in Kentucky |url=https://www.wsj.com/us-news/climate-environment/csx-train-carrying-molten-sulfur-derails-in-kentucky-6cb38970?mod=Searchresults_pos7&page=1 |website=WSJ}}</ref>

==Major yards==
[[File:Selkirk Yard 2012c.jpg|thumb|Hump and control tower at [[Selkirk Yard]]]]

===Hump yards===
In [[Classification yard|hump yards]], trains are slowly pushed over a small hill as cars are uncoupled at the crest of the hill and allowed to roll down the hump into the appropriate tracks for outbound trains.

* [[Avon, Indiana]] – Avon Yard
* [[Cincinnati|Cincinnati, Ohio]] – Queensgate Yard
* [[Cumberland, Maryland]] –
* [[Nashville, Tennessee]] – Radnor Yard 
* [[Selkirk, New York]] – [[Selkirk Yard]]
* [[Waycross, Georgia]] – Rice Yard

== Financials ==
In 2024, CSX Transportation reported total revenue of $14.54 billion and net income of $3.47 billion. The company's market capitalization was approximately $61.2 billion at the end of the year, with estimates in August and September 2025 ranging from $60.4 billion to $60.6 billion.<ref>https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/277948/000027794825000004/qfr_q42024.htm</ref><ref>https://stockanalysis.com/stocks/csx/market-cap/</ref><ref>https://www.statmuse.com/money/ask?q=csx+market+cap+1995-2024</ref>

==See also==
{{Portal|Trains|Companies}}
{{Div col|colwidth=23em}}
* [[Holiday Junction#Duke Energy Holiday Trains|Duke Energy Holiday Trains]]
* [[History of railroads in Michigan]]
* [[List of CSX Transportation lines]]
* [[List of CSX Transportation predecessor railroads]]
* [[National Gateway]]
* [[Railex]] (refrigerated rail service – CSX and [[Union Pacific Railroad]])
* [[Union Pacific Railroad]]
{{Div col end}}

{{Clear}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Book sources==
{{Sfn whitelist|CITEREFSolomon2005}}
* {{Solomon-CSX}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* {{Official website}}

{{CSX Corporation}}
{{North America class I}}
{{Canada railways}}
{{Northeast Corridor navbox}}
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