View source for Cabramatta

{{distinguish|Cabramurra, New South Wales}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Use Australian English|date=May 2011}}
{{Infobox Australian place
| type      = suburb
| name      = Cabramatta
| city      = Sydney
| state     = nsw
| image     = Cabramatta Freedom Plaza 1.JPG
| caption   = Friendship Arch, Freedom Plaza
| alternative_location_map = Australia NSW metro Sydney
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in metropolitan [[Sydney]]
| coordinates         = {{Coord|33|53|40|S|150|56|15|E|format=dms|display=title|type:city_region:AU-NSW}}
| local_map = yes
| zoom      = 12
| lga       = [[City of Fairfield]]
| postcode  = 2166
| est       = 1850s
| pop       = 21,142
| pop_year  = {{CensusAU|2021}}
| pop_footnotes = <ref name="Australian Bureau of Statistics-2022">{{Census 2021 AUS|id=SAL10738|name=Cabramatta (State Suburb)|accessdate=1 December 2022|quick=on}}</ref>
| elevation = 22
| area      = 4.5
| stategov  = [[Electoral district of Cabramatta|Cabramatta]]
| fedgov    = [[Division of Fowler|Fowler]]
| near-nw   = [[Canley Heights, New South Wales|Canley Heights]]
| near-n    = [[Canley Vale, New South Wales|Canley Vale]]
| near-ne   = [[Carramar, New South Wales|Carramar]]
| near-w    = [[Cabramatta West, New South Wales|Cabramatta West]]
| near-e    = [[Lansvale, New South Wales|Lansvale]]
| near-sw   = [[Liverpool, New South Wales|Liverpool]]
| near-s    = [[Warwick Farm, New South Wales|Warwick Farm]]
| near-se   = [[Chipping Norton, New South Wales|Chipping Norton]]
| dist1     = 30
| dir1      = south-west
| location1 = [[Sydney central business district|Sydney CBD]]
}}

''' Cabramatta''', also abbreviated as '''Cabra''', is a suburb in [[South Western Sydney]], in the state of [[New South Wales]], Australia. Cabramatta is located {{convert|30|km}} south-west of the [[Sydney central business district]], in the [[Local government in Australia|local government area]] of the [[City of Fairfield]].

Cabramatta has been a melting pot for Southeast Asian and European peoples in the latter half of the 20th century. Initially, since the 1980s, Cabramatta has been a centre and community for the Vietnamese, as well as many residents from other Asian origins. Because of its high Vietnamese population, the suburb has earned the nickname '[[Little Saigon]]'.<ref>[https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285039670_Enclave_Place_or_Nation_Defining_Little_Saigon_in_the_Midst_of_Incorporation_Transnationalism_and_Long_Distance_Activism Enclave, Place, or Nation? Defining Little Saigon in the Midst of Incorporation, Transnationalism, and Long Distance Activism] by Christian Collet and Hiroko Furuya from Amerasia Journal 36:3 (2010): 1-27. January 2010. Retrieved 29 November 2022.</ref><ref>[https://www.bautruong.com.au/editorial/bautruong_press_20090619_wallstreetjournalasia.pdf Sydney] by Sam Holmes. [[The Wall Street Journal Asia]]. June 21, 2009. Retrieved 29 November 2022.</ref>

==History==
===Indigenous===
Before British colonisation, Cabramatta was the country of the Cabrogal people of the [[Dharug]] nation. The term "cabro" (also pronounced "cobra" or "cabra") refers to the edible insect larvae found in timber around the region. The country of the Cabrogal clan extended from the areas of what is now Cabramatta and [[Liverpool, New South Wales|Liverpool]], east to the mouth of the [[Georges River]]. The name "Cabramatta" (or more correctly "Cobramoora") means place of ''cabro'' (edible insect larvae).<ref>{{cite book |title=Report from the Select Committee on the condition of the Aborigines |date=1845 |publisher=W.W. Davies |location=Sydney |url=https://hunterlivinghistories.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/1845-condition-of-the-aborigines.pdf}}</ref>

===British colonisation===
In 1795, an early settler named Hatfield called the area 'Moonshine Run' because it was so heavily timbered that moonshine could not penetrate and offered no encouragement for settlers to explore the area. The dense woods was the marshy, flood-prone lower [[Cabramatta Creek]] area that featured a closed [[riparian forest]], with its woodland reaching what is now Cabramatta Road. Though the origins of the name ‘[[Moonshine]] run’ may have been linked to Hatfield's 'American rum' rather than the dense timber.<ref name=wakeley>{{cite web | url=https://heritagecollection.fairfieldcity.nsw.gov.au/nodes/view/386 | title=Cabrogal to Fairfield City: A History of a Multicultural Community| author = Stephen Gapps |publisher=Fairfield City Council | location = [[Wakeley, New South Wales]]| access-date=17 July 2025 | date= 2009}}</ref> 

The name Cabramatta first came into use in the area in the early 19th century when the Bull family named a property they had purchased 'Cabramatta Park'. When a small village formed nearby in 1814, it took its name from that property. A township grew from this village, and a railway was built through Cabramatta in the 1850s. It was used for loading and unloading freight and livestock. The railway station was not open for public transport until 1856; a school was established in 1882, and a post office in 1886. Cabramatta remained a predominantly agricultural township.<ref>''The Book of Sydney Suburbs'', Compiled by Frances Pollon, Angus & Robertson Publishers, 1990, Published in Australia {{ISBN|0-207-14495-8}}, page 43</ref>

It developed a close community relationship with neighbouring Canley Vale, and until 1899, they shared a common municipality.{{citation needed|date=October 2012}}

===Post WW2 immigration===
In 1948, Cabramatta's local government merged with the neighbouring City of Fairfield, and today remains governed by the Fairfield City Council. It evolved into a Sydney suburb in the mid 20th century, partly as the result of a major state housing project in the nearby [[Liverpool, New South Wales|Liverpool]] area in the 1960s that in turn swallowed Cabramatta. The presence of a migrant hostel alongside Cabramatta High School was decisive in shaping the community in the post-war period. In the first phase, large numbers of post-war immigrants from Europe passed through the hostel and settled in the surrounding area during the 1950s and 1960s. They satisfied labour demand for surrounding manufacturing and construction activities, and eventually gave birth to a rapidly growing population in the late 1960s and early 1970s. The entrepreneurs were developing local enterprises.{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}}

In the 1980s, Cabramatta and the surrounding [[Fairfield, New South Wales|Fairfield]] area was characterised by a diversity of Australian-born children having migrant parents. Cabramatta High School was statistically the most diverse and multicultural school in Sydney, and a study showed that only 10% of children had both parents born in Australia. While many other parts of Sydney had their particular ethnic flavour, Cabramatta was something of a melting pot.{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}}

During the 1980s, many of these migrant parents and their children – now young adults – were to settle and populate new housing developments in surrounding areas such as [[Smithfield, New South Wales|Smithfield]] and [[Bonnyrigg, New South Wales|Bonnyrigg]] that were, until that time, market gardens or semi-rural areas owned by the previous generation. In the 1960s and 1970s, the migrant hostel – along with its peer in Villawood – hosted a second wave of migration: this time from south-east Asia as a result of the [[Vietnam War]]. During the 1980s, Cabramatta was transformed into a thriving Asian community, displacing many of the previous migrant generation. The students of local Cabramatta High School represented all manner of people with Asian or European descent. By the early 1980s migration to Cabramatta declined, and as a result the migrant hostel and its many hundreds of small empty apartments lay prey to vandalism. Only the language school remained: it continued to teach English as a Second Language, until the entire hostel site was demolished and redeveloped into residential housing. A walk through the hostel before its demolition would have revealed closed and boarded-up corrugated iron buildings once home to kitchens, washing facilities, administration and so forth.{{Citation needed|date=April 2024}}

==Central business district (CBD)==
Freedom Plaza is located within the Cabramatta CBD and forms the pedestrian mall between John Street and Arthur Street. The Pai Lau or gateway forms the main ornamental feature of Freedom Plaza and symbolises harmony and multiculturalism. It was opened in 1991 by [[Nick Greiner]], the [[Premier of New South Wales]] at the time, as part of Lunar New Year celebrations.<ref>Fairfield City Council. [http://www.fairfieldcity.nsw.gov.au/upload/stwru95196/Cabramatta.pdf "Cabramatta - Freedom Plaza and CBD"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140621010654/http://www.fairfieldcity.nsw.gov.au/upload/stwru95196/Cabramatta.pdf# |date=21 June 2014 }}. Retrieved 4 June 2014.</ref>

Dutton Plaza, a three-storey building located centrally within the Cabramatta CBD, was opened in June 2016. The [[Fairfield City Council]] funded and owned retail development replaced an existing Council owned at-grade car park and amenities building, with all income from the new development to be invested in community projects.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Bransdon |first1=Mark |title=Dutton Lane Car Park opened |url=http://www.fairfieldcity.nsw.gov.au/news/article/65/dutton_lane_car_park_opened |publisher=Fairfield City Council |access-date=15 September 2018 |language=en}}</ref> The development comprises 31 retail premises and amenities on the ground floor, four offices on the first floor, and 275 car spaces on the first and second floors.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Healey |first1=Jessica |title=Major Projects |url=http://www.fairfieldcity.nsw.gov.au/major_projects/Dutton_Lane |publisher=Fairfield City Council |access-date=15 September 2018 |language=en}}</ref> The public open space fronting the main entrance on the eastern side of the plaza was named Gough Whitlam Place, in honour of [[Gough Whitlam]] who represented Cabramatta as the [[Division of Werriwa|Member for Werriwa]] from 1952 to 1978.<ref>{{cite news |title=Gough Whitlam memorial dedicated in Dutton Lane, Cabramatta |url=https://www.dailytelegraph.com.au/newslocal/fairfield-advance/gough-whitlam-memorial-dedicated-in-dutton-lane-cabramatta/news-story/2c9e792a12cee8ff2a8cb4357f8e2b43 |access-date=15 September 2018 |work=Fairfield Advance |date=5 August 2016}}</ref>

In addition to plazas, the suburb features a number of [[arcade (architecture)|arcades]] and lanes that contain retail stores, eateries and cafes. Such passageways include Belvedere Arcade, Dutton Lane, Ingal Way and Viet Hoa Arcade, among others.

<gallery>
File:Cabramatta Freedom Plaza 2.JPG|Entrance to Freedom Plaza
File:Cabramatta shops.jpg|Freedom Plaza, view from John Street
File:Dutton-Lane-Plaza-by-Kevin-Vo-3.jpg|Dutton Lane Plaza - side entrance
</gallery>

== Schools ==

=== Current ===
Local schools in the area including public, Catholic and private schools include:
* Cabramatta Public School
* Cabramatta West Public School
* [[Cabramatta High School]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Cabramatta High School |url=https://education.nsw.gov.au/school-finder/index |website=School Finder |publisher=Department of Education |access-date=18 June 2018}}</ref>
* Sacred Heart Primary School
* Harrington Street Public School

=== Previous ===
Schools previously located in Cabramatta include:
* [[Pal College]]

==Community facilities ==
There are five Vietnamese Buddhist temples in the suburb:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.phatgiaoucchau.com/p107/thanh-vien-giao-hoi |publisher=The Unified Vietnamese Buddhist Congregation of Australia - New Zealand |title=THÀNH VIÊN GIÁO HỘI|accessdate= 14 July 2021}}</ref>
* Minh Giac Monastery
* Tinh Xa Minh Dang Quang
* Long Quang Temple
* Hung Long Temple
* Bao An Temple

== Parks ==
The main public park in Cabramatta is Cabravale Park, which mainly fronts Railway Parade, but is also bordered by Park and McBurney Roads and Bartley Street. Cabravale Park contains children's play equipment, fitness equipment, a basketball court and seating.<ref>Fairfield City Council. [http://www.datadiction.com.au/bin/dd.dll/Lincs?xpsRec&MBR=FFLD&SID=33427 "Cabravale Park"]. Retrieved 22 June 2014.</ref> The park underwent a major upgrade in 2009 as part of Fairfield City Council's Parks Improvement Program.<ref>Fairfield City Council. [http://www.fairfieldcity.nsw.gov.au/default.asp?iDocId=10331&iSubCatID=3318&iNavCatID=3296 "Media Release - 30 October 2009 - Students put their flair for plants on show Local schools assist in Cabravale Memorial Park upgrade"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141129052755/http://www.fairfieldcity.nsw.gov.au/default.asp?iDocId=10331&iSubCatID=3318&iNavCatID=3296# |date=29 November 2014 }}. Retrieved 22 June 2014.</ref> The park also serves as a war memorial. A heritage-listed bandstand, built in 1922 to honour the soldiers who lost their lives fighting in the First World War, is located near the centre of the park.<ref>New South Wales Government. [http://www.warmemorialsregister.nsw.gov.au/content/cabra-vale-park-memorial-bandstand "Register of War Memorials in NSW - Cabra-Vale Park Memorial Bandstand"]. Retrieved 22 June 2014.</ref> The Vietnam War Comradeship Memorial, a monument containing a fountain and pond centred upon a bronze statue of two soldiers, is located near the main entrance of the park on Railway Pde. The monument was built to commemorate the comradeship between Australian and Vietnamese soldiers during the Vietnam War.<ref>New South Wales Government. [http://www.warmemorialsregister.nsw.gov.au/content/vietnam-war-comradeship-memorial "Register of War Memorials in NSW - Vietnam War Comradeship Memorial"]. Retrieved 22 June 2014.</ref>

Other parks located in Cabramatta include Heather King Park (located on Vale St), Hughes Street Park, Longfield Street Park, Bolivia Street Park, Antonietta Street Park, Bowden Street Reserve and Panorama Street Reserve.<ref>Fairfield City Council. [http://www.fairfieldcity.nsw.gov.au/upload/zjbcj85996/Fairfield_City_Parks_List.pdf "Fairfield City Parks List"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140621093755/http://www.fairfieldcity.nsw.gov.au/upload/zjbcj85996/Fairfield_City_Parks_List.pdf# |date=21 June 2014 }}. Retrieved 22 June 2014.</ref>

==Transport==
[[Cabramatta railway station]] is a junction station on the [[Main Southern railway line]]. A taxi station can also be found on Arthur Street in front of Cabramatta Post Office with frequent services and many taxis.

For details of bus services see [[Cabramatta railway station#Transport links|Cabramatta station]].

==Population==

===Demographics===
According to the [[2021 Australian census|2021 census]], there were 21,142 residents in Cabramatta, with 28.6% of people born in Australia. The most common other countries of birth were [[Vietnam]], comprising 37.6%, [[Cambodia]] – 8.0%, [[China]] (excludes SARs and Taiwan) – 4.0%, [[Thailand]] – 2.1%, and [[Laos]] – 1.3%. The most common ancestries were Vietnamese 37.8%, Chinese 27.9%, Khmer (Cambodian) 8.8%, Australian 5.2% and English 5.4%.<ref name="Australian Bureau of Statistics-2022"/>

12.7% of people only spoke English at home. Other languages spoken at home included [[Vietnamese language|Vietnamese]] 43.3%, [[Cantonese language|Cantonese]] 9.8%, [[Khmer language|Khmer]] 7.2%, [[Mandarin language|Mandarin]] 4.9% and [[Min Nan]] 2.1%. The most common responses for religion in Cabramatta (State Suburbs) were [[Buddhism]] 42.2%, No Religion 24.0%, [[Catholic]] 13.5%, Not stated 8.1% and [[Christianity]] (Not Further Definition) 2.2%.<ref name="Australian Bureau of Statistics-2022"/>

== Notable people ==
* [[Khoa Do]] (born 1979), filmmaker
* [[Michael Dwyer]] (1772–1825), convict
* [[Steve Ella]] (born 1960), 1980s [[Australia national rugby league team|Australian Kangaroo]] rugby league player
* [[Jon English]] (1949–2016), musician and actor
* [[Jarryd Hayne]] (born 1988), rugby league player
* [[Sue Hines]] (born 1959), award-winning children's author
* [[Rudolph Hoenger]] (1878–1952), rugby league player
* [[Paul Langmack]] (born 1965), rugby league player
* [[Gertrude Melville]] (1884–1959), politician
* [[Trey Mooney]] (born 2002), rugby league player
* [[John Newman (Australian politician)|John Newman]] (1946–1994), politician
* [[Brendan Oake]] (born 1985), rugby league player
* [[Gough Whitlam]] (1916–2014), 21st Prime Minister of Australia
* [[Margaret Whitlam]] (1919–2012), social worker and champion swimmer
* [[Nicholas Whitlam]] (born 1945), businessman and corporate director
* [[Tony Whitlam]] (born 1944), politician and judge
* [[Darren Yap]] (born 1967), actor and director
* [[Youngn Lipz]] (born 1998), Australian musician

==Films or literature set in the suburb==
''[[Taking Charge of Cabramatta]]'', a documentary by [[Markus Lambert]] and [[Dai Le]], was filmed in 1998. The documentary featured assassinated Cabramatta MP [[John Newman (Australian politician)|John Newman]] and former Fairfield Councillor [[Phuong Ngo]], who was convicted of his murder, and was funded by SBS and screened by ABC TV.<ref>{{cite web |title=Taking Charge of Cabramatta (1999) - The Screen Guide - Screen Australia |url=https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/the-screen-guide/t/taking-charge-of-cabramatta-1999/12963/ |website=www.screenaustralia.gov.au |access-date=21 June 2024 |language=en}}</ref>

''[[Little Fish (2005 film)|Little Fish]]'' (2005) was filmed in the Cabramatta area. It starred [[Cate Blanchett]], [[Sam Neill]], [[Hugo Weaving]] and [[Martin Henderson]]. Little Fish is about Tracy Heart, a former heroin addict who is desperately trying to escape her past and achieve her goals and dreams. Tracy lives with her mother and brother Ray in the suburb of Cabramatta, where heroin is readily available. 

[[The Finished People]] by [[Khoa Do]], drama about three youths living on the streets of Cabramatta.

''[[Ra Choi]]'' is the story of four street kids down on their luck and trying to make a life for themselves in Cabramatta.

''[[Once Upon a Time in Cabramatta]]'', a three-part documentary aired on [[Special Broadcasting Service|SBS]] in 2012.

''[[Change of Our Lives]]'' (2013) is a film by [[Maria Tran]] about the Vietnamese community and [[hepatitis B]], set in Cabramatta. The movie was commissioned by the Cancer Council and Information and Cultural Exchange (ICE).

''[[The Coconut Children]]'' by [[Vivian Pham]] gritty coming of age romance novel published in 2020 set in Cabramatta's 1990s among the Vietnamese diaspora. ‘Life in the troubled neighborhood of Cabramatta demands too much too young. But Sonny wouldn't really know. Watching the world from her bedroom window, she exists only in second-hand romance novels and falls for any fast-food employee who happens to spare her a glance. Everything changes with the return of Vince, a boy who became a legend after he was hauled away in handcuffs. Sonny and Vince used to be childhood friends. But with all that happened in-between, childhood seems so long ago. It will take two years of juvie, an inebriated grandmother and an unexpected discovery for them to meet again.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pham |first1=Vivian |title=Coconut Children, The |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AJU7EAAAQBAJ |publisher=Penguin Random House |access-date=21 June 2024 |language=en |date=14 September 2021|isbn=978-1-76104-599-8 }}</ref>

''[[All Thats Left Unsaid]]'' a book released in 2022 by Tracey Lien, ‘a young Vietnamese-Australian woman who returns home to her family in 90s Cabramatta in the wake of her brother’s shocking murder, determined to discover what happened a dramatic exploration of the intricate bonds and obligations of friendship, family, and community.’<ref>{{cite book |last1=Lien |first1=Tracey |title=All That's Left Unsaid |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1KNUEAAAQBAJ |publisher=HarperCollins |access-date=21 June 2024 |language=en |date=13 September 2022|isbn=978-0-06-322775-0 }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Vietnamese Australians]]

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.sydney.com/destinations/sydney/sydney-west/cabramatta/ Cabramatta - Sydney.com]
* [http://traffic.libsyn.com/spokeyblokeys/Episode_19_-_Cabramatta.mp3 Spokey Blokeys - Episode 19 - Cabramatta]{{Dead link|date=November 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [https://believermag.com/cabramatta/# Online comic about Cabramatta by a native of the suburb]
{{Sydney Fairfield suburbs}}



{{DEFAULTSORT:Cabramatta, New South Wales}}
[[Category:Cabramatta, New South Wales| ]]
[[Category:Little Saigons]]