View source for Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

{{Short description|State research institute and think tank based in China}}
{{redirect|CASS}}

{{infobox organization
| name                     = Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
| native_name              = {{native name|zh-hans|paren=no|中国社会科学院}}
| native_name_lang         = zh-Hans
| logo                     = Chinese Academy of Social Sciences logo.jpg
| image                    = 中国社会科学院 西南侧.jpg
| caption                  = CASS headquarters
| abbreviation             = CASS
| formation                = {{start date and age|1977|05|07}}
| type                     = [[Think tank]]
| headquarters             = South Middle Ring Road, Wangjing Area, [[Chaoyang District, Beijing|Chaoyang District]]
| location_city            = [[Beijing]]
| location_country         = [[China]]
| coordinates              = {{coord|39.9078|116.4262|type:landmark_region:CN|display=inline,title}}
| parent_organization      = [[State Council of China]]
| subsidiaries             = [[China Social Sciences Press]]
| affiliations             = 
| leader_title             = [[Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary|Party Secretary]] and President
| leader_name              = [[Gao Xiang (historian)|Gao Xiang]]
| website                  = {{Official URL}}
| module                   = {{infobox Chinese
 | child = yes
 | s     = 中国社会科学院
 | t     = 中國社會科學院
 | p     = Zhōngguó Shèhuì Kēxuéyuàn
 | w     = 
 | mi    = 
 | y     = 
 | j     = 
 | poj   = 
 | order = st}}
}}

The '''Chinese Academy of Social Sciences''' ('''CASS''') is a Chinese state research institute and [[think tank]]. It is a ministry-level institution under the [[State Council of the People's Republic of China]]. The CASS is the highest academic institution and comprehensive research center for philosophy and social sciences research in China. 

The CASS was founded in May 1977. Its predecessor was the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the [[Chinese Academy of Sciences]]. The main research objects of the Academy of Social Sciences are the language, philosophy, law, economy, religion, ethnicity, archaeology, history and literature of China and other countries in the world. The Academy of Social Sciences is divided into 6 academic departments and 37 research institutes. 

==History==
The predecessor of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences was the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, established in 1955.<ref>{{Cite web |title=哲学社会科学部独立始末----中国科学院院友服务网 |url=http://alumni.cas.cn/kyws/201412/t20141202_4266421.html |access-date=2020-11-24 |archive-date=2023-10-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231007052013/http://alumni.cas.cn/kyws/201412/t20141202_4266421.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

The CASS was established in May 1977 based on splitting the Department of Philosophy and Social Sciences from the [[Chinese Academy of Sciences]], with the aim of promoting the development of philosophy and social sciences, under the instruction of [[Deng Xiaoping]].<ref name=":Minami">{{Cite book |last=Minami |first=Kazushi |title=People's Diplomacy: How Americans and Chinese Transformed US-China Relations during the Cold War |date=2024 |publisher=[[Cornell University Press]] |isbn=9781501774157 |location=Ithaca, NY}}</ref>{{Rp|pages=86-87}} The first president was [[Hu Qiaomu]].<ref name=":Minami" />{{Rp|page=87}}

In 1979, CASS Vice President Huan Xiang led the first Chinese delegation of social scientists to travel to the United States.<ref name=":Minami" />{{Rp|page=88}}

==Structure==
The CASS is a ministry-level institution under the State Council.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Shambaugh |first1=David |author-link=David Shambaugh |date=30 September 2002 |title=China's International Relations Think Tanks: Evolving Structure and Process |journal=[[The China Quarterly]] |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |volume=171 |issue=171 |page=579 |doi=10.1017/S0009443902000360 |jstor=4618770 |s2cid=154801635}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Jian-Ping |first1=Lu |date=5 August 2019 |title=China's new strategy for fighting misconduct in academic journals |journal=[[Chinese Medical Journal]] |volume=132 |issue=15 |pages=1865–1866 |doi=10.1097/CM9.0000000000000347 |pmc=6759119 |pmid=31306224 |quote=The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China issued its first policy related to academic ethics on May 30th, 2018, together with the State Council...the new policy clarified that a high-level management system for scientific research integrity with clear responsibilities and efficient coordination should be established, requiring that the Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) and the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) be responsible for the overall coordination and guidance of scientific research integrity in the fields of natural sciences, philosophy, and social sciences.}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Sleeboom-Faulkner |first1=Margaret |date=16 March 2007 |title=Regulating Intellectual Life in China: The Case of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences |journal=[[The China Quarterly]] |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |volume=189 |issue=189 |pages=83–99 |doi=10.1017/S0305741006000816 |jstor=20192737 |s2cid=144020816}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |date=6 September 2017 |title=The New Great Leap Forward: Think Tanks with Chinese Characteristics |url=https://www.cigionline.org/publications/new-great-leap-forward-think-tanks-chinese-characteristics |website=CIGI |page=10 |format=Papers Series |access-date=26 August 2020 |archive-date=19 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919131033/https://www.cigionline.org/publications/new-great-leap-forward-think-tanks-chinese-characteristics |url-status=live }}</ref> {{As of|2012}}, CASS has over 3,200 resident scholars.<ref>{{citation |language=zh-cn |script-title=zh:历史沿革 |url=http://www.cass.net.cn/about/wygk.htm|publisher=Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|access-date=2010-07-14|archive-url=https://archive.today/20120722030929/http://www.cass.net.cn/about/wygk.htm|archive-date=2012-07-22|url-status=dead}}</ref>{{Update inline|date=September 2023}} As of November 2020, the CASS has 6 university departments, 42 research institutes, 6 functional departments, 5 directly affiliated institutions, and 3 directly affiliated companies.<ref>{{Cite web|title=组织机构|url=http://cass.cssn.cn/zuzhijigou/|access-date=2020-11-26|website=cass.cssn.cn|archive-date=2021-01-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210111052607/http://cass.cssn.cn/zuzhijigou/|url-status=dead}}</ref> Of its functional departments, five are focused on research.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Faligot |first=Roger |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rverDwAAQBAJ |title=Chinese Spies: From Chairman Mao to Xi Jinping |date=2019 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-1-78738-096-7 |pages=280 |language=en |oclc=1142330107 |author-link=Roger Faligot}}</ref>

CASS houses the [[Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]], which later became the [[University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]].<ref name="Milestones">{{cite web |title=Milestones |url=https://www.ucass.edu.cn/en/About/Milestones.htm |access-date=28 October 2021 |publisher=UCASS |archive-date=18 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221118193309/https://www.ucass.edu.cn/en/About/Milestones.htm |url-status=live }}</ref>{{Non-primary source needed|date=January 2023}}

The [[Institute of Taiwan Studies]] at CASS is under the control of the Fifteenth Bureau of the [[Ministry of State Security (China)|Ministry of State Security]].<ref name=":1">{{cite book |last1=Mattis |first1=Peter |title=[[Chinese Communist Espionage: An Intelligence Primer]] |last2=Brazil |first2=Matthew |date=2019-11-15 |publisher=[[Naval Institute Press]] |isbn=978-1-68247-304-7 |location=[[Annapolis]] |language=en-US |oclc=1117319580}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Barss |first=Edward J. |title=Chinese Election Interference in Taiwan |date=2022-01-14 |publisher=[[Routledge]] |isbn=978-1-003-15743-4 |edition=1 |location=London |language=en |doi=10.4324/9781003157434 |oclc=1273727799 |s2cid=245973725}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Hsiao |first=Russell |date=2023-08-23 |title=Personnel Changes at the PRC's Organs for Taiwan Intelligence Analysis |url=https://globaltaiwan.org/2023/08/personnel-changes-at-the-prcs-organs-for-taiwan-intelligence-analysis/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231103232809/https://globaltaiwan.org/2023/08/personnel-changes-at-the-prcs-organs-for-taiwan-intelligence-analysis/ |archive-date=2023-11-03 |access-date=2023-09-04 |website=Global Taiwan Institute |language=en-US}}</ref>

The Dictionary Editing Office of the Institute of Linguistics edits ''[[Xiandai Hanyu Cidian]]'' and the ''[[Xinhua Dictionary]]''.<ref>{{cite book |date=1 September 2016 |publisher=[[The Commercial Press]] |isbn=978-7-100-12450-8 |editor=中国社会科学院语言研究所词典编辑室 |edition=Seventh |location=Beijing |script-title=zh:现代汉语词典(第七版) |trans-title=A Dictionary of Current Chinese}}</ref><ref name=LI2020>{{Cite book |last=Language Institute |first=Chinese Academy of Social Sciences |title=新华字典 ([[Xinhua Dictionary]])|publisher=[[The Commercial Press]] |year=2020 |isbn=978-7-100-17093-2 |edition=12th |location=Beijing  |language=Chinese}}</ref> The [[China Social Sciences Press]] was established in June 1978 under the auspices of the CASS,<ref name="Gao Guogan 1985">{{cite book |author=Gao Guogan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DcPgAAAAMAAJ |title=Directory of Chinese Newspapers and Publications |publisher=Modern Press |year=1985 |isbn=978-0-582-97819-5}}</ref> and has published over 8,000 books since its inception.<ref>{{citation |author=潘衍习 [Pan Yanxi] |title= |date=2008-11-17 |url=http://book.people.com.cn/GB/69360/8348295.html |periodical=[[People's Daily]] |trans-title=China Social Sciences Press' accumulated achievements of thirty years |script-title=zh:中国社科出版社三十年硕果累累 |access-date=2010-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721170211/http://book.people.com.cn/GB/69360/8348295.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2011-07-21}}</ref>

The CASS has the following internal structure:<ref>{{Cite web |last=宋岩 |title=中国社会科学院职能配置、内设机构和人员编制规定_中央有关文件_中国政府网 |url=https://www.gov.cn/zhengce/2022-04/27/content_5687971.htm |access-date=2025-04-08 |website=www.gov.cn}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=组织机构 |trans-title=Organization |url=http://cass.cssn.cn/zuzhijigou/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220819171753/http://cass.cssn.cn/zuzhijigou/ |archive-date=19 August 2022 |access-date=8 April 2025 |website=Chinese Academy of Social Sciences}}</ref>

=== Internal organization ===
{{columns-list|
* General Office
* Bureau of Scientific Research Management (General Office of Academic Divisions)
* Personnel Bureau
* Bureau of International Cooperation (Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan Office)
* Administrative Bureau of Finance, Infrastructure Construction and Assets
* Party Committee of the Organization (Office of the Leading Group for Party Group Inspection Work)
* Bureau of Work for Veteran Cadres|colwidth=30}}

=== Directly affiliated institutions ===

==== Directly affiliated research units ====
{{col-begin}}
{{col-3}}
; Academic Division of Philosophy and Literature
* Institute of Literature
* Institute of Ethnic Literature
* Institute of Foreign Literature
* [[Institute of Linguistics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Linguistics]]
* Institute of Philosophy
* Institute of World Religions
{{col-3}}
; Academic Division of History
* [[Chinese Academy of History]] (Deputy Ministerial Level)
* [[Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Archaeology]] (China Archaeological Museum)
* Institute of History  (Guo Moruo Memorial Hall, China National Studies Research and Exchange Center)
* Institute of Modern History
* Institute of World History
* Institute of Chinese Borderland Studies
* Institute of Historical Theory
* [[Institute of Taiwan Studies]]
{{col-3}}
; Academic Division of Economics
* [[Institute of Economics, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences|Institute of Economics]]
* Institute of Industrial Economics
* Rural Development Institute
* National Academy of Economic Strategy
* Institute of Finance and Banking
* Institute of Quantitative and Technological Economics
* Institute of Population and Labor Economics
* Research Institute for Eco-civilization
{{col-end}}

{{col-begin}}
{{col-3}}

;; Academic Division of Social, Political and Legal Studies
* Institute of Law
* Institute of International Law
* Institute of Political Science
* Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology
* Institute of Sociology
* National Academy of Chinese Modernization
* Institute of Journalism and Communication Studies
{{col-3}}
;; Academic Division of International Studies
* Institute of World Economics and Politics
* Institute of Russian, Eastern European and Central Asian Studies
* Institute of European Studies
* Institute of West-Asian and African Studies (China-Africa Institute)
* Institute of Latin American Studies
* National Institute of International Strategy
* Institute of American Studies
* Institute of Japanese Studies
* Institute of Peaceful Development
{{col-3}}
; Academic Division of Marxist Studies
* [[Academy of Marxism]]
* Institute of Contemporary China Studies
* Institute of Information Studies
* Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Evaluation Studies
{{col-end}}

==== Directly affiliated colleges and universities ====

* [[University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]] ([[Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]])

==== Other directly affiliated institutions ====
{{columns-list|
* Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Library (Survey and Data Center)
* Social Sciences in China Press
* Chinese Academy of Social Sciences Service
* Center for Cultural Development and Promotion
* Office of Guiding Group for China’s Local Chronicles Compilation (State Local Chronicles Museum, Local Chronicles Publishing House)}}

=== Directly affiliated enterprise units ===

* [[China Social Sciences Press]]
* [[Social Sciences Academic Press]]
* Chinese Corporation for Promotion of Humanities (China Economic and Technical Consulting Corporation)
* China-run publishing and media group

== Activities ==
Every quarter, CASS hosts a high-level seminar to which it invites officials from other developing countries to discuss topics including governance in China, poverty alleviation, and socio-economic development.<ref name=":05">{{Cite book |last=Meng |first=Wenting |title=Developmental Peace: Theorizing China's Approach to International Peacebuilding |date=2024 |publisher=[[Columbia University Press]] |isbn=9783838219073 |series=Ibidem |pages=109}}</ref>

According to Chen Daoyin, a former professor at the [[Shanghai University of Political Science and Law]], CASS "is not so much an academic institution but a body to formulate [[Ideology of the Chinese Communist Party|party ideology]] to support the leadership."<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |last=Yu |first=Verna |date=16 January 2023 |title=History revisited: what the isolationist Qing dynasty tells us about Xi Jinping's China |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/jan/16/what-the-isolationist-qing-dynasty-tells-us-about-xi-jinpings-china |access-date=16 January 2023 |work=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref> CASS employees periodically submit observations of colleagues' behavior to inspection teams, especially of colleagues who criticize the [[Chinese Communist Party]] in private.<ref>{{Cite news |date=September 26, 2024 |title=Xi Jinping wants to stifle thinking at a top Chinese think-tank |url=https://www.economist.com/china/2024/09/26/xi-jinping-wants-to-stifle-thinking-at-a-top-chinese-think-tank |url-access=subscription |access-date=2024-09-27 |work=[[The Economist]] |issn=0013-0613 |archive-date=2024-09-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240927005404/https://www.economist.com/china/2024/09/26/xi-jinping-wants-to-stifle-thinking-at-a-top-chinese-think-tank |url-status=live }}</ref>

==List of CCP Committee Secretaries and presidents==
{| class="wikitable"
!English name
!Chinese name
!Took office
!Left office
!Ref.
|-
|[[Hu Qiaomu]]
|{{lang|zh-Hans|胡乔木}}
|1977
|1982
|{{cn|date=September 2024}}
|-
|[[Ma Hong]]
|{{lang|zh-Hans|马洪}}
|1982
|1985
|{{cn|date=September 2024}}
|-
|Hu Qiaomu
|{{lang|zh-Hans|胡乔木}}
|1985
|1988
|{{cn|date=September 2024}}
|-
|[[Hu Sheng]]
|{{lang|zh-Hans|胡绳}}
|1988
|1998
|<ref name="Vitae">{{cite web |title=Hu Sheng 胡绳 |url=http://www.chinavitae.com/biography/Hu_Sheng/full |work=China Vitae}}</ref>
|-
|[[Li Tieying]]
|{{lang|zh-Hans|李铁映}}
|March 1998
|January 2003
|<ref name="ChineseBiography">{{cite web |title=Chinese Biography of Li Tieying |url=http://www.rwabc.com/diqurenwu/diqudanyirenwu.asp?people_id=122 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131213005213/http://www.rwabc.com/diqurenwu/diqudanyirenwu.asp?people_id=122 |archive-date=13 December 2013 |access-date=18 April 2012}}</ref>
|-
|[[Chen Kuiyuan]]
|{{lang|zh-Hans|陈奎元}}
|January 2003
|April 2013
|<ref name="h076">{{cite web |date=2013-04-26 |title=王伟光任中国社科院院长党组书记 |url=http://politics.people.com.cn/n/2013/0426/c41223-21296250.html |access-date=2024-07-25 |website=politics.people.com.cn |language=zh}}</ref>
|-
|[[Wang Weiguang]]
|{{lang|zh-Hans|王伟光}}
|April 2013
|March 2018
|<ref>{{cite news |author1=Huang Xiaohua ({{lang|zh|黄晓华}}) |date=26 April 2013 |script-title=zh:王伟光任中国社科院院长 |url=http://news.takungpao.com/mainland/focus/2013-04/1574823.html |access-date=12 May 2022 |work=takungpao.com |language=zh}}</ref>
|-
|[[Xie Fuzhan]]
|{{lang|zh|谢伏瞻}}
|March 2018
|May 2022
|<ref>{{cite news |date=22 March 2018 |title=谢伏瞻出任中国社会科学院院长 |url=http://politics.people.com.cn/n1/2018/0322/c1001-29883056.html |access-date=22 March 2018 |publisher=People Daily Online}}</ref>
|-
|[[Shi Taifeng]]
|{{lang|zh|石泰峰}}
|May 2022
|December 2022
|<ref>{{Cite web |title=内蒙古自治区党委主要负责同志职务调整-新华网 |url=http://www.news.cn/politics/2022-04/30/c_1128611881.htm |access-date=2022-04-30 |work=www.news.cn}}</ref>
|-
|[[Gao Xiang (historian)|Gao Xiang]]
|{{lang|zh|高翔}}
|December 2022
|''Incumbent''
|<ref name=":0" />
|}

==See also==
* [[Chinese Academy of Sciences]]
* [[Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]]
* [[Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences]]
* [[University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|35em}}

==External links==
* {{Official website}}
{{Chinese Academy of Social Sciences}}{{Education of the People's Republic of China}}
{{S&T in China}}
{{State Council of the People's Republic of China}}
{{International Science Council}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chinese Academy Of Social Sciences}}

[[Category:1977 establishments in China]]
[[Category:1977 in Beijing]]
[[Category:Chinese Academy of Social Sciences| ]]
[[Category:Members of the International Science Council]]
[[Category:Ministry of State Security (China)]]
[[Category:National academies of arts and humanities]]
[[Category:One institution with two names]]
[[Category:Organizations based in Beijing]]
[[Category:Organizations established in 1977]]
[[Category:Research institutes in China]]
[[Category:Science and technology in China]]
[[Category:Think tanks based in China]]