View source for Chuvans

{{Short description|Ethnic group}}
{{distinguish|text=the [[Chuvash people|Chuvash]] or the [[Tuvans]]}}
{{more citations needed|date=December 2012}}
{{Ethnic group
| group            = Chuvans
| native_name      = 
| native_name_lang = 
| image            = 
| population       = 900 (2020 census)
| langs            = [[Russian language|Russian]], [[Chukchi language|Chukchi]]; formerly [[Chuvan language|Chuvan]]
| rels             = [[Russian Orthodoxy]]
| related          = [[Yukaghir people|Yukaghir]], [[Koryaks]], [[Chukchi people|Chukchi]], [[Evens]]
| region1          = {{flag|Russia}}
| pop1             = 900
| ref1             = <ref name="Nac_total_2020">[https://rosstat.gov.ru/storage/mediabank/Tom5_tab1_VPN-2020.xlsx 1. НАЦИОНАЛЬНЫЙ СОСТАВ НАСЕЛЕНИЯ]</ref>
}}
[[File:Расселение чуванцев в ДФО по городским и сельским поселениям, в %.png|thumb|300px|Settlement of Chuvans in the [[Far Eastern Federal District]] by urban and rural settlements in%, 2010 census]]

'''Chuvans''' ({{langx|ru|чуванцы}}) are one of the forty or so "[[Indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East]]" recognized by the Russian government. Most Chuvans today live within [[Chukotka Autonomous Okrug]] in the far northeast of Russia. Based on first-hand field research by several ethnographers in the 1990s, people who self-identify as Chuvans seem to do so by living in small villages and in the tundra in areas that are primarily associated with reindeer herding.

==History==
Historical accounts describe the Chuvans as a [[Yukaghir people|Yukaghir]] group. They roamed along the upper tributaries of the Anadyr River and [[Anyuy River (Chukotka)|Anyuy River]] in the 17th century. The Chuvans were engaged in hunting, fishing and reindeer-breeding. In the 18th century, some Chuvans retreated to the [[Kolyma River]] following attacks by the [[Chukchi people|Chukchi]].  There, they gradually [[Russification|russified]]. The other part was assimilated by the [[Koryaks]] and Chukchis. According to the 2002 Russian Census, there were 1,087 Chuvans in Russia.

==Language==
The [[Chuvan language]], which was a [[Yukaghir languages|Yukaghir language]], became extinct by the early 1900s. Many Chuvans speak [[Chukchi language|Chukchi]] in addition to Russian, and some have intermarried with the [[Chukchis]]. On the other hand, some, such as those living in the village of [[Markovo, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug|Markovo]] on the [[Anadyr River]], neither herd reindeer nor are they able to speak Chukchi.

Ethnographic maps shows the Chuvans as the indigenous population of the [[Chuvanskoye]] village some 100&nbsp;km west of Markovo.<ref>[https://ansipra.npolar.no/image/kart36.jpg Map 3.16 (Chukotskiy Avtonomnyi Okrug)] from the [https://ansipra.npolar.no/english/Index.html series prepared for the INSROP (International Northern Sea Route Programme) Working Paper No. 90]</ref>

==See also==
*[[Chuvanay Range|Chuvan Mountains]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Indigenous peoples of Russia|state=collapsed}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Ethnic groups in Siberia]]
[[Category:Yukaghir people]]
[[Category:Indigenous peoples of Siberia]]
[[Category:Indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North, Siberia and the Far East]]
[[Category:People from Chukotka Autonomous Okrug]]