View source for Coat of arms of Russia

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{{Multiple issues|
{{More citations needed|date=November 2011}}
{{Expand language|langcode=ru|otherarticle=Герб Российской империи|langcode2=ru|otherarticle2=Герб России|date=July 2022}}
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{{Infobox coat of arms
|name             = Coat of arms of Russia
|image            = Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Russian_Federation.svg 
|image_width      = 200
|middle           = 
|middle_width     =
|middle_caption   =
|lesser           = 
|lesser_width     = 
|lesser_caption   = 
|armiger          = [[Russia|Russian Federation]]
|year_adopted     = 30 November 1993 (current version)
|crest            =
|torse            =
|shield           =
|supporters       =
|compartment      =
|motto            =
|orders           =
|other_elements   =
|earlier_versions = 
|use              =
|designer         = [[Yevgeny Ukhnalyov]]
|image2 = Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation 2.svg
|image2_width = 135
|image2_caption = [[Charge (heraldry)|Charge]]
}}
The '''coat of arms of Russia''' derives from the earlier [[coat of arms of the Russian Empire]]. Though modified more than once since the reign of [[Ivan III]] (1462–1505), the current coat of arms is directly derived from its medieval original, with the [[double-headed eagle]] having [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] and earlier antecedents. The general [[Tincture (heraldry)|tincture]] corresponds to the fifteenth-century standard.<ref name="Hellberg-Hirn">{{cite book |last1=Hellberg-Hirn |first1=Elena |title=Soil and Soul: The Symbolic World of Russians|date=2020 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9780429026263 |pages=16–35}}</ref>

==Description and usage==
The two main elements of Russian state symbols (the two-headed eagle and [[Saint George and the Dragon|Saint George slaying the dragon]]) predate [[Peter the Great]]. According to the [[Kremlin.ru|Kremlin's website]]:<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://flag.kremlin.ru/emblem/ |title=Герб |website=Kremlin.ru |language=ru |access-date=2020-06-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://en.flag.kremlin.ru/emblem/ |title=National Coat of Arms |website=Kremlin.ru |language=en |access-date=2020-06-02}}</ref>
<blockquote>
«...четырёхугольный, с закруглёнными нижними углами, заострённый в оконечности красный геральдический щит с золотым двуглавым орлом, поднявшим вверх распущенные крылья. Орел увенчан двумя малыми коронами и — над ними — одной большой короной, соединенными лентой. В правой лапе орла — скипетр, в левой — держава. На груди орла, в красном щите, — серебряный всадник в синем плаще на серебряном коне, поражающий серебряным копьём черного опрокинутого навзничь и попранного конём дракона.»
</blockquote>
Which is translated as:
<blockquote>
"… a gold two-headed eagle with raised extended wings set against a four-cornered red heraldic shield with rounded lower corners. Two small crowns top the eagle's heads, with one large crown above them. The three crowns are linked by a ribbon. The eagle holds a sceptre in its right claw and an orb in its left claw. The eagle bears a red shield on its breast depicting a silver horseman in a blue cape, mounted upon a silver horse and slaying a black dragon with a silver spear."
</blockquote>

The current coat of arms was designed by artist [[Yevgeny Ukhnalyov]]; it was adopted on 30 November 1993 by a [[Decree of the President of Russia|presidential decree]],<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://sovet.geraldika.ru/article/17588 |title=Geral'dika segodnya {{!}}{{!}} Yevgeny Il'ich UKHNALYOV (1931–2015) |last=Ivanov |first=Dmitry |website=sovet.geraldika.ru |script-title=ru:Геральдика сегодня {{!}}{{!}} Евгений Ильич УХНАЛЁВ (1931–2015)|trans-title=Heraldry today {{!}}{{!}} Evgeny Ilyich UHNALYOV (1931–2015)|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2018-02-12}}</ref> and then by a [[federal law]] [[signed into law|signed]] by President [[Vladimir Putin]] on December 20, 2000.
[[File:RR5015-0025 25 рублей медно-никелевый 2018 аверс.png|thumb|Arms emblazoned on the 2018 25 ruble coin]]
Today, the imperial crowns on each head stand for the unity and sovereignty of [[Russia]], both as a whole and in its constituent republics and regions. The [[globus cruciger|orb]] and [[scepter]] grasped in the eagle's talons are traditional heraldic symbols of sovereign power and authority. Of note is that the scepter shows the [[Droste effect]], as it is topped by a miniature image of the coat-of-arms itself. They have been retained in the modern Russian arms despite the fact that the Russian Federation is not a monarchy, which led to objections by the Communists even though both the blue ribbon and the collar of the [[Order of St. Andrew]] (which in the imperial arms supported the three crowns and surrounded the central [[shield]]) have been removed from the current coat of arms.

It appears on the federal buildings and is on the cover of the [[Russian passport|national passport]].

The standard of the [[president of Russia]] is a squared Russian tricolour defaced with the coat of arms of Russia, the banner of the [[Russian Armed Forces]] also has the coat of arms centered on the obverse side. Some state awards of Russia are also designed based on the coat of arms, including the [[State Prize of the Russian Federation|State Prize]]. [[Russian ruble]] coins depict the coat of arms on the obverse side since 2016.

==Historical versions==
The heraldic device of Russia has gone through three major periods in its history, undergoing major changes in the transitions between the [[Russian Empire]], the [[Soviet Union]], and the [[Russian Federation]]. The use of the double-headed eagle as a Russian coat of arms goes back to the 15th century. With the [[fall of Constantinople]] and the end of the [[Byzantine Empire]] in 1453, the Grand Dukes of [[Grand Duchy of Moscow|Muscovy]] came to see themselves as the successors of the Byzantine heritage, a notion reinforced by the marriage of [[Ivan III of Russia|Ivan III]] to [[Sophia Paleologue]] (hence the expression "[[Third Rome]]" for Moscow and, by extension, for the whole of Imperial Russia). Ivan adopted the golden Byzantine double-headed eagle in his seal, first documented in 1472, marking his direct claim to the Roman imperial heritage and posing as a sovereign equal and rival to the [[Holy Roman Empire]].{{Citation needed|date=September 2021}} In 1497, it was stamped on a charter of share and allotment of independent princes' possessions. At about the same time, the image of a gilt, double-headed eagle on a red background appeared on the walls of the [[Palace of Facets]] in the [[Moscow Kremlin]].

The other main Russian coat of arms, the image of St George slaying the dragon, is contemporaneous. In its first form, as a rider armed with a spear, it is found in the seal of [[Vasili I of Russia|Vasili I of Moscow]] in 1390. At the time of Ivan III, the dragon was added, but the final association with Saint George was not made until 1730, when it was described as such in an Imperial decree. Eventually, St George became the patron saint of Moscow (and, by extension, of Russia).

After the assumption of the title of ''[[Tsar]]'' by [[Ivan IV]], the two coats are found combined, with the eagle bearing an escutcheon depicting St George on the breast. With the establishment of the [[Patriarch of Moscow|Moscow Patriarchate]] in 1589, a [[patriarchal cross]] was added for a time between the heads of the eagle.

===1547–1917: Russian Tsardom===
''Main:'' {{ill|Coat of arms of the Russian Tsardom|ru|Герб Русского царства}}

===1721–1917: Russian Empire===
{{main|Coat of arms of the Russian Empire}}

===1918–93: Soviet and post-Soviet Russia===
{{Main|Coat of Arms of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|State Emblem of the Soviet Union}}
The coat of arms of the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]] (RSFSR) was adopted on 10 July 1918 by the government of the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]] (Soviet Union), and modified several times afterwards. It shows [[wheat]] as the symbol of [[agriculture]], a rising [[sun]] for the ''future of the Russian nation'', the [[red star]] (the RSFSR was the last Soviet Republic to include the star in its state emblem, in 1978) as well as the [[hammer and sickle]] for the victory of [[Communism]] and the "world-wide socialist community of states".

The [[Soviet Union state motto]] ("Workers of the world, unite!") in [[Russian language|Russian]] ('{{lang|ru|Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь!}}' — '''''{{Transliteration|ru|Proletarii vsekh stran, soyedinyaytes!}}''''') is also a part of the coat of arms.

The [[acronym]] of the '''RSFSR''' is shown above the hammer and sickle, and reads '{{lang|ru|PCФCP}}', for "{{lang|ru|'''Р'''оссийская '''С'''оветская '''Ф'''едеративная '''С'''оциалистическая '''Р'''еспублика}}" ({{Literal translation|Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic}}).

Similar emblems were used by the [[Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republics]] (ASSR) within the Russian SFSR; the main differences were generally the use of the republic's acronym and the presence of the motto in the language(s) of the [[titular nation]]s (with the exception of the state emblem of the [[Dagestan ASSR]], which [https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/86/Emblem_of_Dagestan_ASSR_%28motto_in_all_11_languages%29.png had the motto in eleven languages] as there is no single Dagestani language).

The [[Soviet Union]] as a whole adopted its emblem in 1923, which remained in use until the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]] in 1991. Although it is technically an emblem rather than a coat of arms, since it does not follow traditional [[heraldry|heraldic]] rules, in Russian it is called {{lang|ru|герб}} ({{Transliteration|ru|gerb}}), the word used for a traditional coat of arms. It was the first state insignia created in the style known as [[socialist heraldry]], a style also seen in e.g. the [[National Emblem of the People's Republic of China|Chinese national emblem]].

The emblem shows the Soviet emblems of the Hammer and Sickle and the Red Star over a globe, in the center of a wreath wrapped in ribbons emblazoned with the communist motto ("Workers of the world, unite!") in the [[official language]]s of the [[Republics of the Soviet Union|Soviet republics]] with the Russian inscription in the centre, in the reverse order they were mentioned in the Soviet Constitution. Each Soviet Republic (SSR) and [[Autonomous republics of the Soviet Union|Autonomous Soviet Republic]] (ASSR) had its own coat of arms, largely inspired by the state emblem of the Union.

Four versions were used: 6 ribbons were used in 1923, which were written on in Russian, [[Ukrainian language|Ukrainian]], [[Belarusian language|Belarusian]], [[Georgian language|Georgian]], [[Armenian language|Armenian]], and [[Azerbaijani language|Azerbaijani]]; 11 ribbons with the addition of [[Turkmen language|Turkmen]], [[Uzbek language|Uzbek]], [[Tajik language|Tajik]], [[Kazakh language|Kazakh]], [[Kyrgyz language|Kyrgyz]]; 16 with the addition of [[Estonian language|Estonian]], [[Latvian language|Latvian]], [[Lithuanian language|Lithuanian]], [[Moldovan language|Moldavian]], and [[Finnish language|Finnish]]. Finally, the inscriptions in Azerbaijani, Turkmen, Uzbek, Tajik, Kazakh and Kyrgyz were updated to reflect their transition from the [[Latin alphabet|Latin]] to the [[Cyrillic script]]. The final version of the emblem was adopted in 1956 with the removal of the Finnish inscription from the insignia, reflecting the 1956 transformation of the [[Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic|Karelo-Finnish SSR]] into the [[Karelian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic|Karelian ASSR]].

In 1992, the inscription was changed from '''RSFSR''' ('{{lang|ru|РСФСР}}') to the '''Russian Federation''' ('{{lang|ru|Российская Федерация}}') in connection with the change of the name of the state.<ref>The law of the Russian Federation from 21 April 1992 № 2708-I «[https://constitution.garant.ru/history/ussr-rsfsr/1978/zakony/183094/ About changes and additions of the Constitution (Basic law) of the Russian SFSR]»</ref> In 1993, president [[Boris Yeltsin]] signed a decree to replace the Communist design by the present coat of arms.<ref>{{cite web |title=Is This the Symbol Russia Wants? : Yeltsin chooses the particularly inapt double-headed eagle. Why? |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1993-12-06-me-64709-story.html |website=Los Angeles Times |access-date=7 December 2022 |date=6 December 1993}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Khutarev |first1=Vladimir |title=From Byzantium to present-day Russia, the double-headed eagle still soars |url=https://www.rbth.com/arts/2014/07/13/from_byzantium_to_modern-day_russia_the_double-headed_eagle_still_soars_38131.html |website=Russia Beyond |access-date=7 December 2022 |date=13 July 2014}}</ref>

===Evolution===
<gallery class="center" widths="150" heights="150">
File:Печать Мстислава Владимирович XII век.svg|'''1094–1132''': Seal of<br>[[Mstislav I of Kiev|Mstislav I Monomakh]]
File:Seal of Mstislav Mstislavich Udatny.png|'''1209–1227''': Seal of<br>[[Mstislav I of Kiev|Mstislav Mstislavich]]
File:Печать Святослава Всеволодовича.JPG|'''1200–1252''': Seal of<br>[[Sviatoslav III of Vladimir]]
File:Seal of Alexander Nevsky 1236.png|'''1236–1263''': Seal of<br>[[Alexander Nevsky]] ([[Theodore Stratelates]] slaying the giant serpent)
File:Печать Иван Калита.JPG|'''1325–1340''': Seal of<br>[[Ivan I of Moscow|Ivan I]]
File:Печать Дмитрия-Донского 2 Reverse.svg|'''1359–1389''': Seal of<br>[[Dmitry Donskoy]]
File:Печать Василия I Дмитриевича, 1389.svg|'''1389–1425''': Seal of<br>[[Vasily I of Moscow|Vasily I]]
File:Печать Василия II Васильевича Темного.svg|'''1425–1462''': Seal of<br>[[Vasily II of Moscow|Vasily II]]
File:Oreshnikov i Proris.jpg|'''1446–1447''': Silver coin of<br>[[Dmitry Shemyaka]]
File:Seal of Ivan 3.png|'''1472–1502''': Seal of<br>[[Ivan III of Russia|Ivan III the Great]]
File:Seal of Ivan 4 1539.svg|'''1539''': Seal of<br>[[Ivan the Terrible|Ivan IV the Terrible]]<br> 1533–1584
File:Seal of Ivan 4 1577.png|'''1577''': Greater seal of<br>[[Ivan the Terrible|Ivan IV the Terrible]]<br> 1533–1584
File:COA by Ivan IV of Russia 1577.png|'''1577''': Coat of arms<br>under Ivan IV<br> 1533–1584
File:Russia03.gif|'''1584–1667''': Coat of arms of the [[Tsardom of Russia]]
File:Russian coa 1589 grozny.png|'''1584–1598''': Seal of<br>[[Feodor I of Russia|Feodor I]]
File:Russian coa 1605 lzhe.png|'''1605''': Seal of<br>[[False Dmitry I]]
File:Olearius seal MF.gif|'''1613–1645''': Seal of<br>[[Michael of Russia|Michael]]
File:Olearius seal AM.gif|'''1645–1654''': Seal of<br>[[Alexis of Russia|Alexis]]
File:Novikov triple eagle.jpg|'''1654''': Variant coat of arms<br>under [[Alexis of Russia|Alexis]] (after [[Pereiaslav Agreement]])
File:Russian-coa-1667.png|'''1667–1721''': Coat of arms of the [[Tsardom of Russia]]
File:Russian-coat-arm-1667.svg|'''1667–1721''': Variant coat of arms of the [[Tsardom of Russia]]
File:Печать Алексея Михаиловича, 1667 год.gif|'''1667–1676''': Seal of<br>[[Alexis of Russia|Alexis]]
File:Great Seal of the Tsardom of Russia in the early 18th century (retouched).jpg|'''1682–1696''': Seal of<br>[[Peter the Great|Peter I]]
File:Acta Eruditorum - III stemmi, 1708 – BEIC 13371326.jpg|'''1698–1699''': Sketch of seal under [[Peter the Great|Peter I]] (by {{ill|Johann Georg Korb|ru|Корб, Иоганн Георг}})
File:«Арифметика» Магницкого 01.jpg|'''1703''': Coat of arms<br>under [[Peter the Great|Peter I]] (published in the book [[Arithmetic (book)|Arithmetic]])
File:Московский герб. Henri Abraham Chatelain (1714-1720).jpg|'''1714–1720''':Coat of arms<br>under [[Peter the Great|Peter I]]
File:CoA of Russian Empire (1721).svg|'''1721–1725''': [[Russian Empire|Imperial]] coat of arms under [[Peter the Great]]
File:Catherinecoa.gif|'''1725–1727''': [[Russian Empire|Imperial]] coat of arms under [[Catherine I of Russia|Catherine I]]
File:Ekaterina I ruble.jpg|'''1725–1727''': Silver ruble under [[Catherine I of Russia|Catherine I]]
File:Государственный герб 1730.jpg|'''1727–1730''': [[Russian Empire|Imperial]] coat of arms under [[Peter II of Russia|Peter II]]
File:Coat of Arms of the Russian Empire 1730.png|'''1730–1798, 1801–1825''': [[Russian Empire|Imperial]] coat of arms under [[Anna of Russia|Anna]], [[Ivan VI of Russia|Ivan VI]], [[Elizabeth of Russia|Elizabeth]], [[Peter III of Russia|Peter III]], [[Catherine the Great]] and [[Alexander I of Russia|Alexander I]]
File:Rubl 1732.jpg|'''1730–1737''': Silver ruble under [[Anna of Russia|Anna]]
File:Rubl 1739.jpg|'''1737–1740''': Silver ruble under [[Anna of Russia|Anna]]
File:Іоан Антонович. Рубль 1741 року..jpg|'''1741''': Silver ruble under<br>[[Ivan VI of Russia|Ivan VI]]
File:Dondog-Dashi banner.jpg|'''1741–1762''': [[Russian Empire|Imperial]] coat of arms under [[Elizabeth of Russia|Elizabeth]]
File:Ryskt mynt av koppar med dubbelörn, 1780 - Skoklosters slott - 108161.tif|'''1758–1796''': Copper coin of 5 kopecks under [[Elizabeth of Russia|Elizabeth]] and [[Catherine the Great]]
File:Maltese cross Russian coat of arms.jpg|'''1799–1801''': [[Russian Empire|Imperial]] coat of arms under [[Paul I of Russia|Paul I]]
File:Russian COA 1796 a.jpg|'''1799–1801''': Variant coat of arms under [[Paul I of Russia|Paul I]]
File:Coat of Arms of the Russian Empire 1799-1801.png|'''1799–1801''': Variant coat of arms under [[Paul I of Russia|Paul I]]
File:Lesser Coat of Arms of Russian Empire (1800-1802).svg|'''1799–1801''': Variant coat of arms under [[Paul I of Russia|Paul I]]
File:Russian Empire-Full coat of arms.3.jpg|'''1800''': The draft of the greater coat of arms presented to [[Paul I of Russia|Paul I]]
File:R2-kopeiki-1825-goda-300x300.jpg|'''1810–1830''': Copper coin of 2 kopecks under [[Alexander I of Russia|Alexander I]] and [[Nicholas I of Russia|Nicholas I]]
File:Coat of arms of Russia in 1803-1830.gif|'''1803–1840''': Variant of coat of arms under [[Alexander I of Russia|Alexander I]] and [[Nicholas I of Russia|Nicholas I]]
File:Russian COA 1825—55 B.jpg|'''1825–1828''': [[Russian Empire|Imperial]] coat of arms under [[Nicholas I of Russia|Nicholas I]]
File:5 kopek, 1833. Ryskt mynt - Skoklosters slott - 109914.tif|'''1830–1839''': Copper coin under [[Nicholas I of Russia|Nicholas I]]
File:Russian COA 1825—55 A.jpg|'''1828–1856''': [[Russian Empire|Imperial]] coat of arms under [[Nicholas I of Russia|Nicholas I]]
File:Coat of Arms of Russian Empire (1876).jpg|'''1856–1882''': Greater<br>coat of arms under<br>[[Alexander II of Russia|Alexander II]]
File:Greater Coat of Arms of the Russian Empire 1856.jpg|'''1856–1882''': Variant greater<br>coat of arms under<br>[[Alexander II of Russia|Alexander II]]
File:Middle Coat of Arms of the Russian Empire 1856.jpg|'''1856–1882''': Middle<br>coat of arms under<br>[[Alexander II of Russia|Alexander II]]
File:Russian Coat of Arms 1856.png|'''1856–1882''': Lesser<br>coat of arms under<br>[[Alexander II of Russia|Alexander II]]
File:Greater Coats of Arms of the Russian Empire - The sketch of Adolf Sharleman (1882).jpg|'''1882–1917''': Greater<br>coat of arms under<br>[[Alexander III of Russia|Alexander III]] and [[Nicholas II]]
File:Middle Coat of Arms of the Russian Empire.png|'''1882–1917''': Middle coat of arms under [[Alexander III of Russia|Alexander III]] and [[Nicholas II]]
File:Lesser Coat of Arms of Russian Empire 2.png|'''1882–1917''': Lesser coat of arms under [[Alexander III of Russia|Alexander III]] and [[Nicholas II]]
File:Lesser coat of arms of the Russian Empire.svg|'''1882–1917''': Variant lesser coat of arms under [[Alexander III of Russia|Alexander III]] and [[Nicholas II]]
File:Russian coa 1917.svg|'''1917''': [[Russian Provisional Government|Provisional Government]]/<br>[[Russian Republic|Republican]] coat of arms
File:Coat of arms of the Kolchak government (unofficial).png|'''1918–1920''': Coat of arms of the [[Russian State (1918–1920)|Russian State]]
File:3 rub Kolchak.jpg|'''1919''': Banknote of 3 {{ill|Siberian rubles{{!}}Siberian ruble|ru|Сибирский рубль}} of the [[Russian State (1918–1920)|Russian State]]
File:Coats of arms of the Russian SFSR (1918-1920).svg|'''1918–1920''': 1st coat of arms of the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic|Russian SFSR]]
File:Emblem of the Russian SFSR (1920–1954).svg|'''1920–1954''': 2nd coat of arms of the Russian SFSR
File:Coat of arms of the Soviet Union 1923–1936.svg|'''1923–1931''': 1st coat of arms of the Soviet Union (6 languages)
File:Coat of arms of the Soviet Union (1931–1936).svg|'''1931–1936''': 2nd coat of arms of the Soviet Union (7 languages)
File:Coat of arms of the Soviet Union (1936–1946).svg|'''1936–1946''': 3rd coat of arms of the Soviet Union (11 languages)
File:Coat of arms of the Soviet Union (1946-1956).svg|'''1946–1955''': 4th coat of arms of the Soviet Union (16 languages)
File:Coat of arms of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (1954-1978).svg|'''1954–1978''': 3rd coat of arms of the Russian SFSR (without dividing points in {{Lang-for|Ru|РСФСР|RSFSR}})
File:State Emblem of the Soviet Union.svg|'''1956–1991''': 5th coat of arms of the Soviet Union (15 languages)
File:Emblem of the Russian SFSR (1978–1991), Emblem of Russia (1991–1992).svg|'''1978–1992''': 4th coat of arms of the Russian SFSR (added a five-pointed star)
File:Coat of arms of the Russian Federation (1992-1993).svg|'''1992–1993''': Coat of arms of the Russian Federation after the [[dissolution of the Soviet Union]]
File:Russia coat federal constitutional law.jpg|'''1993''': Present<br>coat of arms (official publication)
File:Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation.svg|'''1993''': Present<br>coat of arms
File:Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation 2.svg|'''1993''': Present<br>coat of arms (other variant)
File:Coat of Arms of the Russian Federation bw.svg|'''1993''': Present<br>coat of arms (single-color version)
File:Digital gerb russia max.svg|'''2017''': Present<br> digital coat of arms (with details)
File:Digital gerb russia.svg|'''2017''': Present<br> digital coat of arms
File:Emblem of the President of Russia.svg|'''2019''': Present digital coat of arms used by the [[Kremlin]] office and the [[President of Russia]]
</gallery>

==See also==
{{Portal|Heraldry|Russia}}
* [[Armorial of Russia]]
* [[Coat of arms of Moscow]]
* [[Coat of arms of Saint Petersburg]]
* [[Russian heraldry]]
* [[Flag of Russia]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{in lang|ru}} [http://geraldika.ru/region/102 Heraldry of the Russian Empire]
* {{in lang|ru}} [https://web.archive.org/web/20070929093316/http://www.monarchruss.org/library/svod_zakonov.htm The Code of Principal Laws of the Russian Empire (Свод Основных Государственных Законов, 1906)] (archived 29 September 2007)

{{Russia topics}}
{{Coats of arms of Europe}}
{{Coats of arms of Asia}}

[[Category:Russian coats of arms| ]]
[[Category:National coats of arms|Russia]]
[[Category:National symbols of Russia]]
[[Category:Coats of arms with saints|Russia]]
[[Category:Coats of arms with horses|Russia]]
[[Category:Coats of arms with dragons|Russia]]
[[Category:Coats of arms with eagles|Russia]]
[[Category:Coats of arms with crowns|Russia]]
[[Category:Coats of arms with sceptres|Russia]]
[[Category:Coats of arms with orbs|Russia]]
[[Category:Coats of arms with crosses|Russia]]
[[Category:National emblems with birds|Russia]]
[[Category:Saint George and the Dragon]]
[[Category:Double-headed eagle]]
[[Category:Coats of arms introduced in 1993]]