View source for Corbeil-Essonnes

{{short description|Commune in Île-de-France, France}}
{{Infobox French commune
|name               = Corbeil-Essonnes
|commune status     = [[Communes of France|Commune]]
|image              = Hôtel Ville - Corbeil-Essonnes (FR91) - 2023-10-21 - 4.jpg
|caption            = The [[Hôtel de Ville, Corbeil-Essonnes|Hôtel de Ville]]
|image coat of arms = Blason ville fr Corbeil-Essonnes2 (Essonne).svg
|map size           = 270px
|adjustable map     = Corbeil-Essonnes_map.png
|map caption        = Location (in red) within Paris inner and outer suburbs
|coordinates        = {{coord|48.6139|2.482|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|arrondissement     = Évry
|canton             = Corbeil-Essonnes
|intercommunality   = [[Communauté d'agglomération Grand Paris Sud Seine-Essonne-Sénart|CA Grand Paris Sud Seine-Essonne-Sénart]]
|mayor              = Bruno Piriou<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|publisher=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=13 September 2022|language=fr}}</ref>
|term               = 2020&ndash;2026
|elevation min m    = 32
|elevation max m    = 92
|area km2           = 11.01
|population         = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
|population date    = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
|population footnotes   = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
|INSEE              = 91174
}}

'''Corbeil-Essonnes''' ({{IPA|fr|kɔʁbɛj ɛsɔn|lang|Fr-Paris--Corbeil-Essonnes.ogg}}) on the [[River Seine]] is a [[Communes of France|commune]] in the southern suburbs of [[Paris]], France. It is located {{convert|28.3|km|mi|abbr=on}} from the [[Kilometre Zero|center of Paris]].

Although neighboring [[Évry, Essonne|Évry]] is the official seat of the [[Arrondissement of Évry]], the [[Subprefectures in France|sub-prefecture]] building and administration are located inside the commune of Corbeil-Essonnes.

==History==
Traces of human presence in the area date to the [[Palaeolithic]] and [[Neolithic]] ages; later it was a Gallo-Roman settlement on the main road from Paris to [[Sens]]. The name Corbeil is derived from the Latin ''Corbulium'', from the [[Gaulish language|Gaulish]] ''cor beel'', meaning "holy house". Since the time of Aymon, comte de Corbeil (died 957), to the 12th century it was the chief town of a powerful county, which passed to [[Mauger, Count of Corbeil|Mauger]], son of [[Richard I of Normandy]].

[[William de Corbeil]] (died 1136) became [[archbishop of Canterbury]], but nothing is known for certain about his parentage. The [[Gothic Architecture|Gothic]] church was built in the tenth century and rebuilt in the fifteenth century.  Before the expulsion of the Jews Corbeil had a flourishing Jewish community, which numbered thirteenth-century scholars [[Isaac ben Joseph of Corbeil]] and  [[Perez ben Elijah]]. [[Peter of Corbeil]] (died 1222) was the teacher of Lotario de' Conti, who became pope as [[Pope Innocent III|Innocent III]].

Representatives of the king of France signed two treaties of Corbeil in the town, the [[Treaty of Corbeil (1258)]] between France and Aragon and the [[Treaty of Corbeil (1326)]] between France and Scotland.

Corbeil was besieged by the Duke of Burgundy in 1418.  The [[Huguenots|Protestants of France]] attacked it in 1562 amidst the religious war called the [[French Wars of Religion#first|First Civil War]]. In 1590 General [[Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza|Alessandro Farnese]], who had come to the assistance of the [[Catholic]]s in France, fought at Corbeil.

The composer [[Camille Saint-Saëns]] lived in Corbeil for some years of his youth in the 1830s.<ref>{{cite book | last = Studd | first = Stephen | year = 1999 | title = Camille Saint-Saëns – A Critical Biography | location = London | publisher = Cygnus Arts | isbn = 978-0-8386-3842-2 |page=6}}</ref> The [[Hôtel de Ville, Corbeil-Essonnes|Hôtel de Ville]] was completed in 1906.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://corbeil.essonnes.free.fr/Galignani.htm|title=La Place Galignani|publisher=Corbeil-Essonnes Free|access-date=10 May 2025}}</ref>

The commune of Corbeil-Essonnes was created on 10 August 1951 by the merger of the commune of Corbeil with the commune of Essonnes.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://cassini.ehess.fr/fr/html/fiche.php?select_resultat=10246  |title= Des villages de Cassini aux communes d'aujourd'hui  |publisher= l'École des hautes études en sciences sociales| access-date=10 May 2025}}</ref>

Inhabitants of Corbeil-Essonnes are known as ''Corbeil-Essonnois''.

In September 2025, Bruno Piriou, mayor of the commune, distributed 1000 Palestinian flags, as part of a "general mobilization".<ref>{{cite web|url= https://www.20minutes.fr/politique/4173795-20250918-reconnaissance-palestine-maire-decide-distribuer-drapeaux-palestiniens-habitants-corbeil-essonnes  |title= Reconnaissance de la Palestine : Le maire décide de distribuer des drapeaux palestiniens aux habitants de Corbeil-Essonnes  |publisher= 20 Minutes| access-date=19 September 2025}}</ref>

==Population==

The population data given in the table and graph below for 1946 and earlier refer to the former commune of Corbeil.

{{Historical populations
| align = none
| cols = 2
| percentages = pagr
| source = EHESS<ref name=ehess>{{Cassini-Ehess|10246|Corbeil-Essonnes}}</ref> and INSEE (1968–2017)<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-91174#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE</ref>
| graph-pos = bottom
|1793 |3000
|1800 |3347
|1806 |3230
|1821 |3481
|1831 |3708
|1836 |3690
|1841 |4455
|1846 |4409
|1851 |4725
|1856 |5030
|1861 |5221
|1866 |5541
|1872 |6016
|1876 |6392
|1881 |6719
|1886 |7541
|1891 |8184
|1896 |9182
|1901 |9632
|1906 |9902
|1911 |10746
|1921 |10937
|1926 |11230
|1931 |11524
|1936 |11180
|1946 |10976
|1954 |22891
|1962 |26805
|1968 |32192
|1975 |38859
|1982 |37846
|1990 |40345
|1999 |39378
|2007 |41308
|2012 |46017
|2017 |51292
}}

==Economy==

In the 19th century, Corbeil-Essonnes was a centre of the flour-milling industry. Essonnes also had notable papermills.

Today, [[X-Fab|X-Fab France SAS]] is headquartered here and operates a [[semiconductor fabrication plant]]. The {{convert|55|hectare|sqmi}} site includes 25000 square meters of [[cleanroom]]s and a design center. The fab had been founded by [[IBM]] in 1964. In 1999 it was transferred into a joint venture between IBM and [[Infineon Technologies|Infineon]], operating under the name ''Altis Semiconductor''<sup>([[:fr:Altis Semiconductor|fr]])</sup>.<ref name = AltisBloomberg/> In 2010 it was sold to [[Yazid Sabeg]] for one symbolic Euro. X-Fab acquired the assets of insolvent Altis in 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.xfab.com/about-x-fab/news/newsdetail/article/x-fab-to-acquire-assets-of-altis-semiconductor/ |title=X-FAB to Acquire Assets of Altis Semiconductor |publisher=X-Fab |place=Erfurt |date=2016-09-30 |access-date=2018-01-11}}</ref>

[[Safran Aircraft Engines]] has a plant in Corbeil.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.safran-group.com/locations/france/evry-corbeil-2077023|title=Safran Aircraft Engines, Evry-Corbeil}}</ref>

==Transport==
Corbeil-Essonnes is served by [[Corbeil-Essonnes station]] which is an interchange station on Paris [[RER D|RER line D]]. Corbeil-Essonnes is also served by [[Essonnes-Robinson (SNCF)|Essonnes-Robinson station]] and by [[Moulin-Galant station]] on Paris RER line D.

The town is crossed by the [[EuroVelo]] 3 track.

==Education==
There are about 40 schools in Corbeil-Essonnes.<ref>"[http://www.education.gouv.fr/pid24302/annuaire-resultat-recherche.html?localisation=1&ville_name=Corbeil-Essonnes Annuaire : Résultats de recherche  -> Corbeil-Essonnes]." [[French Ministry of Education]]. Retrieved on September 3, 2016.</ref>

Junior high schools:
* Collège Chantemerle
* Collège La Nacelle
* Collège Louise Michel
* Collège Saint-Spire
* Collège [[Sédar Senghor]]

Senior high schools/Sixth-form colleges:
* [[Lycée Robert Doisneau]]
* [[Lycée polyvalent Saint Léon]]

==Notable people==
*[[Nigel Atangana]], footballer
*[[Jean-Sylvain Babin]], footballer
*[[Dylan Bahamboula]], footballer
*[[Demba Diagouraga]], footballer 
*[[Claude Dauphin (actor)|Claude Dauphin]], actor
*[[Damien Mozika]], footballer 
*[[Félicien Rops]] (1833–1898) Belgian artist and illustrator <ref>Jean Cassou (1979) The Concise Encyclopedia of Symbolism. Chartwell Books, Inc., Secaucus, New Jersey, 292 pp.</ref><ref>Lee Revens and J.-K. Huysmans (1975) The Graphic Work of Félicien Rops. Léon Amiel Publisher, New York, 288 pp.</ref>
*[[Hadi Sacko]], footballer
*[[PNL (band)|PNL]], French rappers
*[[MMZ (band)|MMZ]], French rappers{{citation needed|date=October 2020}}
*[[William de Corbeil]], medieval Archbishop of Canterbury
*[[Walid Regragui]], French-Moroccan football coach
*[[Breakbot]], French musician, DJ and music producer
*[[Yohanan Elihai]] (Jean Leroi) (1926–2020) – Israeli linguist, lexicographer, arabist and teacher, Catholic monk, born in France <ref>[https://musaf-shabbat.com/2015/06/05/%D7%A8%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%AA%D7%99-%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%9E%D7%A8-%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%94%D7%99%D7%9D-%D7%97%D7%99-%D7%A8%D7%97%D7%9C%D7%99-%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A3 Musaf Shabbat] – weekend supplement of the journal ''[[Makor Rishon]]'', in [[Hebrew]]</ref>

==Twin towns==
*{{flagicon|ESP}} [[Alzira, Valencia|Alzira]], Spain, since 1991
*{{flagicon|POR}} [[Esposende|Belinho e Mar (Esposende)]], Portugal, since 2000
*{{flagicon|SCO}} [[Bishopbriggs]], Scotland, since 1989
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Sindelfingen]], Germany, since 1961

==See also==
*[[Communes of the Essonne department]]

==References==
<references>
<ref name = AltisBloomberg>
{{cite web
 | url        = https://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=6456792
 | title      = Altis Semiconductor S.N.C.: Private Company Information – Businessweek
 | publisher  = Bloomberg L.P.
 | quote      = Altis Semiconductor S.N.C., a specialty foundry, provides silicon manufacturing and technology development services...
 | access-date = 2015-12-27
}}</ref>
</references>

==External links==
{{Commons category|Corbeil-Essonnes}}
{{EB1911 poster|Corbeil}}
* [http://www.corbeil-essonnes.com/ Official website] {{in lang|fr}}
* [http://www.mjccorbeil.com website MJC of Corbeil-Essonnes] {{in lang|fr}}
*{{Search Mérimée|91174}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080922193003/http://www.iaurif.org/en/gis/fichescom/mos99/ficmos/mos91174.html Land use (IAURIF)] {{in lang|en}}
*[http://www.ume.asso.fr Mayors of Essonne Association] {{in lang|fr}}

{{Paris Metropolitan Area}}
{{Essonne communes}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Corbeilessonnes}}
[[Category:Communes of Essonne]]