View source for Daqing

{{Short description|Prefecture-level city in Heilongjiang, China}}
{{redirect|Taching}}
{{other uses}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Daqing
| settlement_type                 = [[Prefecture-level city]]
| native_name                     = 大庆市
| native_name_lang                = zh-Hans
| official_name                   = 
| image_skyline                   = 三永湖灯塔2017夏.jpg
| image_caption                   = Around Sanyong Lake, 2017
| image_map                       = Location of Daqing Prefecture within Heilongjiang (China).png
| map_caption                     = Location of Daqing City (yellow) in Heilongjiang (light gray) and China
| pushpin_map                     = China Heilongjiang#China
| pushpin_map_caption             = Location of the city centre in Heilongjiang
| pushpin_mapsize                 = 240
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_name                = [[People's Republic of China]]
| subdivision_type1               = [[Provinces (China)|Province]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[Heilongjiang]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[Administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China|County-level&nbsp;divisions]]
| subdivision_name2               = 9
| seat_type                       = Municipal seat
| seat                            = [[Sartu District]]
| government_type                 = [[Prefecture-level city]]
| leader_title                    = [[Communist Party of China|CPC]] Daqing Secretary
| leader_name                     = Han Lihua ({{lang|zh-hans|韩立华}})
| leader_title1                   = Mayor
| leader_name1                    = He Zhonghua ({{lang|zh-hans|何忠华}})
| area_urban_km2                  = 5107
| area_urban_footnotes            = 
| area_total_km2                  = 22161
| area_metro_km2                  = 2734.6
| population_as_of                = 2020 census
| population_footnotes            = <ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/china/heilongjiang/admin/|title = China: Hēilóngjiāng (Prefectures, Cities, Districts and Counties) - Population Statistics, Charts and Map}}</ref>
| population_note                 = 
| population_total                = 2781562
| population_density_km2          = auto
| population_urban                = 1754655
| population_density_urban_km2    = auto
| population_metro                = 1574389
| population_density_metro_km2    = auto
| demographics_type2   = GDP
| demographics2_title1 = [[Prefecture-level city]]
| demographics2_info1 = [[CN¥]] 298.4 billion<br />[[US$]] 47.9 billion 
| demographics2_title2 = Per capita
| demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 107,419<br />US$ 17,247
| timezone                        = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]
| utc_offset                      = +8
| coordinates                     = {{coord|46.589|N|125.104|E|type:adm2nd_region:CN-23_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}
| coor_pinpoint                   = Daqing municipal government
| elevation_footnotes             = <!--for references: use <ref> </ref> tags-->
| elevation_m                     = 149
| postal_code_type                = [[Postal code of China|Postal code]]
| postal_code                     = 163000
| area_code                       = 0459
| blank_name                      = [[Vehicle registration plates of China|Licence plates]]
| blank_info                      = {{lang|zh-cn|黑E}}
| iso_code                        = [[ISO 3166-2:CN|CN-HL-06]]
| blank4_name                     = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank4_info                     = [[Humid continental climate#Hot/warm summer subtype|Dwa]]
| website                         = {{URL|http://www.daqing.gov.cn/}}
| footnotes                       = 
}}

{{Infobox Chinese
|pic=DQ name.svg
|piccap="Daqing", as written in Chinese 
|picsize=125px
|s={{linktext|大庆}}
|t={{linktext|大慶}}
|w=Ta⁴-chʻing⁴
|psp=Taching
|p=Dàqìng
|l=Great Celebration
|mnc=ᡩᠠᡴᡳᠩ ᡥᠣᡨᠣᠨ
|mnc_rom=Daking hoton
|order=st
| mong = ᠳᠠᠴᠢᠩ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ
| monr = dačiŋ ꭓota
| mon = Дачин хот
}}
'''Daqing''' ({{zh|c=|p=Dàqìng|t=大慶|s=大庆}}) is a [[prefecture-level city]] in the west of [[Heilongjiang]] province, [[People's Republic of China]]. The name literally means "Great Celebration" and refers to the tenth anniversary of the PRC.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Hou |first=Li |title=Building for Oil: Daqing and the Formation of the Chinese Socialist State |date=2021 |publisher=[[Harvard University Asia Center]] |isbn=978-0-674-26022-1 |edition= |series=[[Harvard-Yenching Institute]] monograph series |location=Cambridge, Massachusetts |pages=}}</ref>{{Rp|page=2}} Daqing is known as the "Oil Capital of China" and has experienced a phenomenal boom since oil was discovered at the [[Daqing Oil Field]] in 1959.<ref name=1959discover>{{cite web |script-title=zh:1959年发现大庆油田：中国结束油荒历史 |url=http://gov.163.com/14/0916/15/A69B0GIF00234KKK.html |work=Netease |access-date=17 July 2015 |language=zh |date=16 September 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171210050209/http://gov.163.com/14/0916/15/A69B0GIF00234KKK.html |archive-date=10 December 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

Its population was 2,781,562 as of the [[2020 Chinese census|2020 census]], of whom 1,574,389 lived in the built-up (or metro) area in four out of the total of five urban districts: [[Sartu]], [[Longfeng District|Longfeng]], [[Ranghulu]] and [[Honggang]].

==History==
The region now known as Daqing Prefecture was a reasonably insignificant place until the [[Qing dynasty]], known only as an unsettled hunting ground of [[Dörbet Oirat]] tribes due to its wetland and prairies. The region began to grow slightly after the [[Russian Empire]] constructed the [[Chinese Eastern Railway]] (KVZhD) through the area in 1898.<ref>{{cite web|script-title=zh:滨州铁路简介|url=http://www.hclx.net/Item/43563.aspx|script-website=zh:火车旅行网|access-date=17 July 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130221222702/http://www.hclx.net/Item/43563.aspx|archive-date=21 February 2013}}</ref> The railway has a station at Sartu in today's [[Sartu District]]. It was not until 1959 that oil was discovered in the region as part of the large scale oil exploration put into motion across the [[Northeast China Plain]].<ref name=1959discover/> 

The Daqing oilfield was discovered in the late 1950s, and drilling began in 1958. A town with the same name was founded in 1959 to house workers extracting oil and gas from the oilfield and to host industries which could take advantage of the energy and petrochemicals, shortly before the 10th anniversary of the founding of the PRC. The oilfield and the town had the same administrative body until 1983.<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Lin |first=Zhongjie |title=Constructing Utopias: China's New Town Movement in the 21st Century |date=2025 |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |isbn=978-0-19-779330-5 |location=New York, NY}}</ref>{{Reference page|pages=|page=52}}

The successful construction of the Daqing oil field despite harsh weather conditions and supply limitations became a model held up by the Party as an example during subsequent industrialization campaigns.<ref name=":032">{{Cite book |last=Meyskens |first=Covell F. |url= |title=Mao's Third Front: The Militarization of Cold War China |date=2020 |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |isbn=978-1-108-78478-8 |location=Cambridge, United Kingdom |doi=10.1017/9781108784788 |oclc=1145096137 |s2cid=218936313}}</ref>{{Rp|pages=52-54}} The project also delivered critical economic benefits because without the production of the Daqing oil field, crude oil would have been severely limited after the Soviet Union cut off supplies as a result of the Sino-Soviet split.<ref name=":032" />{{Rp|page=53}}

Original plans for Daqing included the development of a "new socialist mining district" (rather than a city) with families in which the husband would work in industry and the wife would work in agriculture.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book |last=Harrell |first=Stevan |title=An Ecological History of Modern China |publisher=[[University of Washington Press]] |year=2023 |isbn=9780295751719 |location=Seattle}}</ref>{{Rp|page=313}} Ultimately, the city expanded incrementally with clusters forming around developing refineries and oil wells.<ref name=":2" />{{Reference page|page=52}} All settlements used a single-story mud technique called scientific gandalei, with multistory brick buildings being introduced in the late 1960s.<ref name=":2" />{{Reference page|page=53}}

The name Daqing literally means "Great Celebration".<ref name=":2" />{{Reference page|page=52}} On 26 May 1960, Anda City was established at former Anda town (today's [[Anda City]] in [[Suihua]] prefecture), administering Daqing oilfield area. Five months later, the administrative organs of the oilfield relocated in Sartu. On 23 June 1964, the city was established Anda special administrative region, with Anda county administering its surrounding area. 

The first two years of the [[Cultural Revolution]] resulted in major disruptions to [[Petroleum industry in China|China's petroleum industry]] and an oil shortage by 1967.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=159}} In March of that year, the [[People's Liberation Army]] was called to Daqing to maintain order so that oil production could proceed.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=159}} This made Daqing one of the first places brought under military control during the Cultural Revolution.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=159}} In May 1968, the Daqing [[Revolutionary committee (China)|Revolutionary Committee]] was established.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=159}} Iron Man [[Wang Jinxi]] became its vice director.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|pages=159-160}} The oil field continued to be a major driver of economic growth during the Cultural Revolution period.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=160}}

In the mid-1970s, Daqing was administratively organised into three large towns (about 50,000 people each) along the major railway, 60 industrial-agricultural villages (about 10,000 people each), and 164 "residential points" around the villages.<ref name=":2" />{{Reference page|pages=53-54}}

The Daqing Oil District became a city in 1980.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=200}} Its first master plan set a goal of growing Daqing into "a new industrial city" through a development strategy of "relative dispersion with several modest concentrations.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=200}} Academic Hou Li summarizes that as a result "new settlements became much more concentrated. The three existing towns, thirty-four central villages, and 260 settlement points were restructured into six workers' towns, twenty-four central villages, and twenty-seven resident villages."<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=200}}

The city revised its master plan in 1989, setting a new goal of building an oil city centered in Saertu, Dongfeng, and Longfeng.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=200}} This plan shifted Daqing's [[Urban planning in China|urban planning]] focus away from decentralization to centralization.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=200}}

In 1990, the city received the top recognition in the Heilongjiang Province Science and Technology Awards.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=200}} In 1994, its population reached one million.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=200}} After the mid-1990s, urban expansion in Saertu was halted in order to provide more space for oil production.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=1}} Urban construction was instead transferred to East Town and West Town areas.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=1}}

Daqing has been advocated as a model of good practice in industry<ref name=":2" />{{Reference page|page=52}} and healthcare by the Chinese government.

===Learn from Daqing in industry===
The fact that [[Mao Zedong]] promulgated his [[Quotations from Chairman Mao Tse-tung|Supreme Directive]], ''Learn from Daqing in Industry'', in the 1960s reflects how important a role Daqing has historically played in industry in China.<ref name="The Industry Learns From Daqing">{{cite web |work= Chineseposters.net|title=The Industry Learns From Daqing...|url=http://chineseposters.net/posters/e12-604.php|access-date=April 30, 2011}}</ref> ''Learn from Daqing in industry'' ({{Zh|s=[[wiktionary:工|工]][[wiktionary:业|业]][[wiktionary:学|学]][[wiktionary:大|大]][[wiktionary:庆|庆]]|p=gōngyè xué dàqìng}}) was a [[slogan]] during the [[Cultural Revolution]] telling the people to use the city as an example for industrial production.<ref name="The Industry Learns From Daqing"/><ref>[[Jonathan Spence|Spence]]'s ''[[The Search for Modern China]]''. 2nd Edition, pages: 563, 564, 605, 606, 619</ref>

Daqing was promoted as a model communist industrial city.<ref name=":2" />{{Reference page|page=54}} Daqing's development had resulted in an integration of rural and urban and community self-sufficiency.<ref name=":2" />{{Reference page|page=53}} Premier [[Zhou Enlai]] summarized its achievements with the phrase, "Integration of workers and peasants, integration of urban and rural areas, good for production, and convenient for livelihood."<ref name=":2" />{{Reference page|page=55}} Equality was achieved through distribution of resources, public land management, standardised housing, and communal work.<ref name=":2" />{{Reference page|page=54}} Men worked in the oil fields and received state salaries and pensions. Women and older children worked in agricultural production and supplied food for the community.<ref name=":2" />{{Reference page|page=53}} As mechanisation of agriculture increased over time, small factories were established.<ref name=":2" />{{Reference page|page=53}} Students participated in production, either through agriculture or work-studfy in factories.<ref name=":2" />{{Reference page|page=53}} Services like public canteens, medical clinics, nurseries, and schools were collectively run.<ref name=":2" />{{Reference page|page=53}}

The film ''[[Entrepreneurial Pioneers]]'' ({{lang|zh-hans|创业}}), made in the early 1970s, is a literary rendition of the history of Daqing. During the Mao era, Daqing's agricultural counterpart was [[Dazhai, Xiyang County|Dazhai]], a village in the hilly [[Xiyang]] county, [[Shanxi]] Province, for which Chairman Mao issued the directive ''[[Learn from Dazhai in agriculture|In agriculture, learn from Dazhai]]'', also in the 1960s.<ref name="Spence">Spence's "The Search for Modern China" 2nd Edition, p.562</ref>

==Administrative divisions==
Daqing is divided into 9 county-level divisions: 5 districts, 3 counties and 1 [[autonomous county]].

{| class="wikitable"  style="font-size:90%;"
! colspan="6"| Map
|-
| colspan="6"| <div style="position: relative" class="center">
{{Image label begin|image=Administrative Division Daqing.png|width=350|link=}} 
{{Image label|x=600|y=580|scale=350/1000|text=[[Sartu District|'''Sartu''']]}}
{{Image label|x=650|y=690|scale=350/1000|text=[[Longfeng District|'''Longfeng''']]}}
{{Image label|x=460|y=520|scale=350/1000|text=[[Ranghulu District|'''Ranghulu''']]}}
{{Image label|x=390|y=1000|scale=350/1000|text=[[Datong District, Daqing|'''Datong''']]}}
{{Image label|x=530|y=830|scale=350/1000|text=[[Honggang District|'''Honggang''']]}}
{{Image label|x=700|y=1200|scale=350/1000|text=[[Zhaozhou County|'''Zhaozhou<br>County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=300|y=1300|scale=350/1000|text=[[Zhaoyuan County|'''Zhaoyuan<br>County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=500|y=180|scale=350/1000|text=[[Lindian County|'''Lindian<br>County''']]}}
{{Image label|x=170|y=560|scale=350/1000|text=[[Dorbod Mongol Autonomous County|'''Dorbod<br>County''']]}}
{{Image label end}}
</div>
|-
! Name
! [[Simplified Chinese]]
! [[Hanyu Pinyin]]
! Population<br />(2010 census)
! Area<br>(km<sup>2</sup>)
! Density<br>(/km<sup>2</sup>)
|----------
|[[Sartu District]]
|{{lang|zh-hans|萨尔图区}}
|Sà'ěrtú Qū
|328,808
|549
|599
|----------
|[[Longfeng District]]
|{{lang|zh-hans|龙凤区}}
|Lóngfèng Qū
|352,404
|510
|691
|----------
|[[Ranghulu District]]
|{{lang|zh-hans|让胡路区}}
|Rànghúlù Qū
|564,534
|1,394
|405
|----------
|[[Datong District, Daqing|Datong District]]
|{{lang|zh-hans|大同区}}
|Dàtóng Qū
|234,557
|2,235
|105
|----------
|[[Honggang District]]
|{{lang|zh-hans|红岗区}}
|Hónggǎng Qū
|169,522
|812
|209
|----------
|[[Zhaozhou County]]
|{{lang|zh-hans|肇州县}}
|Zhàozhōu Xiàn
|387,463
|2,445
|158
|----------
|[[Zhaoyuan County]]
|{{lang|zh-hans|肇源县}}
|Zhàoyuán Xiàn
|388,828
|4,198
|93
|----------
|[[Lindian County]]
|{{lang|zh-hans|林甸县}}
|Líndiàn Xiàn
|244,578
|3,591
|68
|----------
|[[Dorbod Mongol Autonomous County]]
|{{lang|zh-hans|杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县}}
|Dù'ěrbótè Měnggǔzú Zìzhìxiàn
|233,838
|6,427
|36
|}

==Climate==
Located in the north temperate zone, Daqing has a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dwa'') and is affected by the [[Siberian high]] and the [[East Asian monsoon]]. Generally, winter is bitterly cold with occasional snowfalls, and spring and autumn are prevailed by monsoons. The vast majority of the annual rainfall occurs during summer. The [[diurnal temperature variation]] can be up to {{convert|14|C-change}} during the growing period. The monthly 24-hour average temperature ranges from {{convert|−18.5|°C|1}} in January to {{convert|23.3|°C|1}} in July, and the annual mean is {{convert|+4.2|°C|1}}. A majority of the annual precipitation falls in July and August alone. With monthly percent possible sunshine ranging from 53% in July to 70% in February, the city receives 2,726 hours of bright sunshine annually. Extreme temperature ranges from {{convert|-39.2|°C|1}} to {{convert|39.8|°C|1}}

{{Weather box|width=auto
|metric first=y
|single line=y 
|collapsed = Y
|location = Daqing, elevation {{convert|147|m|ft|abbr=on}}, (1991–2020 normals)
|Jan high C = 	-11.7
|Feb high C = 	-6.9
|Mar high C = 	2.9
|Apr high C = 	13.5
|May high C = 	21.5
|Jun high C = 	26.7
|Jul high C = 	28.5
|Aug high C = 	26.9
|Sep high C = 	21.5
|Oct high C = 	12.3
|Nov high C = 	-0.3
|Dec high C = 	-10.3
|Jan mean C = 	-16.5
|Feb mean C = 	-12.2
|Mar mean C = 	-2.5
|Apr mean C = 	7.8
|May mean C = 	15.8
|Jun mean C = 	21.4
|Jul mean C = 	24.0
|Aug mean C = 	22.2
|Sep mean C = 	16.0
|Oct mean C = 	6.9
|Nov mean C = 	-4.8
|Dec mean C = 	-14.6
|Jan low C = 	-20.6
|Feb low C = 	-17.0
|Mar low C = 	-7.5
|Apr low C = 	2.2
|May low C = 	10.3
|Jun low C = 	16.4
|Jul low C = 	19.6
|Aug low C = 	17.9
|Sep low C = 	11.1
|Oct low C = 	2.2
|Nov low C = 	-8.6
|Dec low C = 	-18.3
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 	2.4
|Feb precipitation mm = 	3.8
|Mar precipitation mm = 	8.8
|Apr precipitation mm = 	18.9
|May precipitation mm = 	49.0
|Jun precipitation mm = 	100.7
|Jul precipitation mm = 	145.8
|Aug precipitation mm = 	97.3
|Sep precipitation mm = 	50.3
|Oct precipitation mm = 	19.1
|Nov precipitation mm = 	6.2
|Dec precipitation mm = 	5.9
|Jan humidity = 	64
|Feb humidity = 	58
|Mar humidity = 	51
|Apr humidity = 	44
|May humidity = 	52
|Jun humidity = 	64
|Jul humidity = 	73
|Aug humidity = 	73
|Sep humidity = 	65
|Oct humidity = 	56
|Nov humidity = 	60
|Dec humidity = 	66
|unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm	
|Jan precipitation days = 	3.6
|Feb precipitation days = 	2.7
|Mar precipitation days = 	4.3
|Apr precipitation days = 	5.7
|May precipitation days = 	9.6
|Jun precipitation days = 	13.5
|Jul precipitation days = 	13.1
|Aug precipitation days = 	11.3
|Sep precipitation days = 	7.8
|Oct precipitation days = 	4.8
|Nov precipitation days = 	4.1
|Dec precipitation days = 	5.3
|year precipitation days = 	
|Jan sun = 	181.6
|Feb sun = 	194.2
|Mar sun = 	237.5
|Apr sun = 	230.9
|May sun = 	235.3
|Jun sun = 	220.9
|Jul sun = 	211.8
|Aug sun = 	211.9
|Sep sun = 	222.6
|Oct sun = 	199.8
|Nov sun = 	158.7
|Dec sun = 	152.4
|year sun = 	
| Jan percentsun = 	65
| Feb percentsun = 	66
| Mar percentsun = 	64
| Apr percentsun = 	56
| May percentsun = 	51
| Jun percentsun = 	47
| Jul percentsun = 	45
| Aug percentsun = 	49
| Sep percentsun = 	60
| Oct percentsun = 	60
| Nov percentsun = 	57
| Dec percentsun = 	58
| year percentsun =	
|Jan snow days = 	5.5
|Feb snow days = 	4.9
|Mar snow days = 	5.5
|Apr snow days = 	2.3
|May snow days = 	0.1
|Jun snow days = 	0
|Jul snow days = 	0
|Aug snow days = 	0
|Sep snow days = 	0
|Oct snow days = 	1.1
|Nov snow days = 	5.5
|Dec snow days = 	8.1
|year snow days = 	
|source 1 = [[China Meteorological Administration]]<ref name="cma graphical">{{cite web |url=http://data.cma.cn/data/weatherBk.html |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data |publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans |access-date=27 September 2023}}</ref><ref>
{{cite web|url=https://experience.arcgis.com/template/e724038fda394e9d9b7921f10fd1aa55/page/%E7%BA%AF%E8%A1%A8%E6%A0%BC%E7%BB%9F%E8%AE%A1-(%E5%AF%B9%E6%AF%948110%E5%8F%98%E5%8C%96)/?org=UQmaps |script-title=zh:中国气象数据网|publisher=[[China Meteorological Administration]] |language = zh-hans | access-date =27 September 2023 |title=Experience Template }}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
Daqing has a population of 2.9 million, mainly [[Han Chinese]], with a small population of 31 minority ethnic groups, including [[Manchu]], [[Mongols|Mongolian]], [[Koreans|Korean]], and [[Hui people|Hui]] nationalities. The population density is 112.69/km<sup>2</sup>, in urban{{Clarify|date=November 2025}} areas 205.07/km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=Census2010>{{cite web |script-title=zh:2010年大庆市第六次全国人口普查主要数据公报 |url=http://www.daqing.gov.cn/zwdt/qszwxx/177859.shtml |publisher=Government of Daqing |access-date=17 July 2015 |language=zh |date=9 May 2011 |archive-date=19 June 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170619220120/http://www.daqing.gov.cn/zwdt/qszwxx/177859.shtml |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Economy==
[[File:Iron Man First Oil Well 2017 summer.jpg|thumb|Well Sa-55 first drilled by Wang Jinxi and his colleagues]]
[[File:大庆油田第三采油厂抽油机1-2017.jpg|thumb|Wildcat in Daqing]]

Daqing's economy highly depends on [[petroleum]] and related industries. [[Daqing Oil Field|Daqing's oilfield]] is China's largest and the world's fourth most productive. Petroleum accounts for 60.8% of GDP. In 2011, Daqing's gross domestic product (GDP) was [[Renminbi|RMB]]374 billion yuan, representing a rise of 12.1% year on year. Primary industries output (including agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and the fisheries) increased by 13.5% to RMB13.29 billion. Secondary and value-added industries and construction output experienced an increase of 10.1%, reaching RMB307 billion, while the tertiary industry output increased 22.9% to RMB53.74 billion.<ref name="2011年大庆市国民经济和社会发展统计公报">{{cite web|url=http://www.daqing.gov.cn/zfgz/tjgb/259202.shtml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120516114338/http://www.daqing.gov.cn/zfgz/tjgb/259202.shtml |url-status=dead |archive-date=16 May 2012 |script-title=zh:2011年大庆市国民经济和社会发展统计公报 |publisher=Daqing Municipal Bureau of Statistics |access-date=26 July 2012 }}</ref> In 2015 Daqing had a GDP of [[RMB]] 298.35 billion.<ref name="2015年黑龙江各市GDP和人均GDP排名">{{cite web |url=http://www.phbang.cn/finance/data/152416.html |script-title=zh:2015年黑龙江各市GDP和人均GDP排名}}</ref>

===Foreign trade===
Daqing exports over 10 million tons of crude oil each year. Over 160 varieties of paraffin wax, ethylene, tar oil and benzene are exported to more than 10 nations and regions including the US, the UK, Thailand and Hong Kong.

In 2011, total import and export volume in Daqing reached US$2.16 billion, up by 40.1%.<ref name="2011年大庆市国民经济和社会发展统计公报"/> Export volume was US$550 million and import volume was US$1.61 billion. Daqing's main exports include six categories of petrochemical products, construction materials, processed foodstuffs, office furniture and mechanical and electronic equipment.<ref name="Daqing Business Guide - Economic Overview">{{cite web|url=http://www.echinacities.com/daqing/business-guide/economic-overview/daqing-business-guide-economic-overview.html |title=Daqing Business Guide - Economic Overview |publisher=echinacities.com |access-date=26 July 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121202164602/http://www.echinacities.com/daqing/business-guide/economic-overview/daqing-business-guide-economic-overview.html |archive-date=2 December 2012 }}</ref>

===Banking and insurance===
There were 32 banking institutions in Daqing by the end of 2006; none were foreign-invested banks.<ref name="Daqing Business Guide - Economic Overview"/> In 2011, savings deposits in Renminbi and foreign exchange totaled 170.5 billion RMB.<ref name="2011年大庆市国民经济和社会发展统计公报"/> The local finance sector plays an important role in building up Daqing's Century Oilfield and in developing new industries.

The Industrial and Commercial Bank of China, China Agricultural Bank, China Construction Bank, Bank of China, China Communications Bank, the Everbright Bank, Guangdong Development Bank, the Daqing Urban Commercial Bank, Daqing Rural Credit Cooperative Union and the County Urban Credit Cooperative are the major banks serving Daqing.

==Transportation==
[[File:大庆客运枢纽站2017夏.jpg|thumb|Daqing Passenger Hub]]

===Railway===
Daqing is a major railway hub in western Heilongjiang province and is located on the junction of [[Harbin-Manzhouli Railway]] and [[Tongliao-Ranghulu Railway]]. Daqing has three major railway stations: [[Daqing Station (Heilongjiang)|Daqing station]], [[Daqing West Railway Station|Daqing West station]] (formerly Ranghulu railway station) and [[Daqing East Railway Station|Daqing East station]]. Trains from Daqing connect the city with [[Beijing]], [[Harbin]], [[Dalian]] and several other cities in China. The newly built [[Harbin–Qiqihar Intercity Railway]] has stops at both Daqing West station and Daqing East station.

===Airport===
{{Main|Daqing Sartu Airport}}
Daqing Sartu Airport was opened on 1 September 2009.<ref name="people">{{cite web |url=http://unn.people.com.cn/GB/14748/9967938.html |script-title=zh:大庆萨尔图机场正式通航 |website=People.com.cn |language=zh-cn |access-date=2012-07-26 |archive-date=2016-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304001357/http://unn.people.com.cn/GB/14748/9967938.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> There are flights to several large cities including Beijing, [[Chengdu]], [[Guangzhou]], [[Hangzhou]], [[Qingdao]] and [[Shanghai]].

===Highway===
Daqing is linked to the national highway network through the [[G45 Daqing–Guangzhou Expressway]] and [[G10 Suifenhe-Manzhouli Expressway]].

==Culture==
[[File:大庆博物馆侧面2017夏.jpg|thumb|Daqing Museum]]
[[File:大庆铁人王进喜纪念馆入口2017夏.jpg|thumb|The Iron Man Wang Jinxi Memorial Hall]]

===Daqing spirit===
Generated by the history of the city, Daqing has a culture centering around the "Daqing Spirit, the Daqing People," which is said to represent deep personal commitment in pursuing national goals, self-sufficient and frugal living, and urban-rural integrated land use.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=3}} Daqing's urban-rural landscape was said to embody the ideal communist society described by Karl Marx because it eliminated (1) the gap between town and country, (2) the gap between workers and peasants, and (3) the gap between manual and mental labor.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=3}}

"Daqing Spirit, Daqing People" was the title of an April 20, 1964 article in ''[[People's Daily]]'' which extolled the success of Daqing oil field workers.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=148}} The most influential of many articles praising Daqing that appeared in state media around that time, "Daqing Spirit, Daqing People" was the first text to compare Daqing to [[Yan'an]], the revolutionary base area where the Communist Party re-grouped following the [[Long March]] before going on to win the [[Chinese Civil War]].<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=148}}

[[Wang Jinxi]] ({{zh|s=王进喜|p=Wáng Jìnxǐ}}, known as "Iron Man" Wang), a petroleum worker on the Daqing Oilfield who led No. 1205 drilling team, was honored as a national hero due to his contributions to the petroleum industry of China. Daqing was established by the central government as a model for the secondary industry during the 1960s. In order to illuminate the entrepreneurial history of Daqing and its people, several films were made by companies in China.<ref>[http://www.hktdc.com/info/mi/a/mpcn/en/1X074ADT/1/Profiles-Of-China-Provinces-Cities-And-Industrial-Parks/Daqing-Heilongjiang-City-Information.htm Profiles of China Provinces, Cities and Industrial Parks]</ref>

In 1964, chief director of the Central Experimental Theater [[Sun Weishi]] and her husband, the actor [[Jin Shan]], traveled to Daqing to live and work with the oil workers and their families.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=141}} The next year, the Communist Party journal ''Red Flag'' published an article by Sun which praised the Daqing people.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|pages=141-142}} After living in Daqing for two years, Sun Weishi returned to Beijing to produce the play ''The Rising Sun'', which was based on the experiences of people in Daqing, particularly Daqing women.<ref name=":0" />{{Rp|page=142}}

==Sports==
[[File:Daqing Olympic Park Stadium cropped 01.jpg|thumb|Daqing Olympic Park Stadium]]
The most popular sport in Daqing is [[association football]]. The largest sports venue by capacity is the 32,000-capacity [[Daqing Olympic Park Stadium]]. The city also has an [[List of indoor speed skating rinks|indoor speed skating arena]].

== Sister Cities ==
{{unreferenced section|date=August 2018}}

===Domestic===
*[[Dongying]], [[Jinan]]
*[[Karamay]], [[Xinjiang]]

===International===
*{{flagdeco|South Africa}} [[East London, Eastern Cape|East London]], [[Eastern Cape]], South Africa
*{{flagdeco|Canada}} [[Calgary]], [[Alberta]], Canada<ref>{{Cite web |title=What do you know about Calgary's six sister cities? {{!}} News |url=https://dailyhive.com/calgary/calgary-six-sister-cities |access-date=2023-06-06 |website=dailyhive.com |language=en}}</ref>
*{{flagdeco|Russia}} [[Tyumen]], [[Tyumen Oblast]], Russia
*{{flagdeco|South Korea}} [[Chungju]], [[North Chungcheong]], South Korea

==See also==
*[[List of twin towns and sister cities in China]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Daqing}}
*[http://www.daqing.gov.cn/ Daqing Government Website] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160127090938/http://www.daqing.gov.cn/ |date=2016-01-27 }}

{{Heilongjiang}}
{{Prefectural-level divisions of the People's Republic of China}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Daqing| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Heilongjiang]]
[[Category:Prefecture-level divisions of Heilongjiang]]