View source for Desk Set

{{short description|1957 film by Walter Lang}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox film
| name           = Desk Set
| image          = Desk Set cinema poster.jpg
| caption        = Original cinema poster
| director       = [[Walter Lang]]
| screenplay     = [[Phoebe Ephron]]<br>[[Henry Ephron]]
| based_on       = {{based on|''Desk Set''<br>1955 play|[[William Marchant (playwright)|William Marchant]]}}
| producer       = Henry Ephron
| starring       = [[Spencer Tracy]]<br>[[Katharine Hepburn]]<br>[[Gig Young]]<br>[[Joan Blondell]]
| cinematography = [[Leon Shamroy]]
| editing        = [[Robert Simpson (film editor)|Robert Simpson]]
| music          = [[Cyril J. Mockridge]]
| distributor    = [[20th Century-Fox]]
| released       = {{Film date|1957|05|01|US}}
| runtime        = 103 minutes
| country        = United States
| language       = English
| budget         = $1,865,000<ref>Solomon, Aubrey. ''Twentieth Century Fox: A Corporate and Financial History''. Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, 1989. {{ISBN|978-0-8108-4244-1}}</ref>
| gross          = $1.7 million (US rentals)<ref>"Top Grosses of 1957", ''Variety'', 8 January 1958: 30</ref>
}}
'''''Desk Set''''' (released as '''''His Other Woman''''' in the UK) is a 1957 American [[romantic comedy]] film  starring [[Spencer Tracy]] and [[Katharine Hepburn]]. Directed by [[Walter Lang]], the picture's screenplay was written by [[Phoebe Ephron]] and [[Henry Ephron]], adapted from the 1955 play of the same name by [[William Marchant (playwright)|William Marchant]].

==Plot==
Bunny Watson is a [[documentalist]] in charge of the reference library at the Federal Broadcasting Network in [[Midtown Manhattan]]. The reference librarians are responsible for researching facts and answering questions for the general public on all manner of topics, great and small. Bunny has been romantically involved for seven years with rising network executive Mike Cutler, but with no marriage in sight.

Methods engineer and [[ergonomics|efficiency expert]] Richard Sumner is the inventor of EMERAC ("'''E'''lectromagnetic '''ME'''mory and '''R'''esearch '''A'''rithmetical '''C'''alculator"), nicknamed "Emmy," a powerful early generation [[computer]] (referred to then as an "electronic brain").  He is brought in to see how the library functions, and size it up for installation of one of his massive machines.

Despite Bunny's initial intransigence, Richard is surprised and intrigued to discover how stunningly capable and engaging she is. When her staff finds out the computer is coming, they jump to the conclusion they are being replaced.

After an innocuous but seemingly salacious situation that Mike walks in on at Bunny's apartment, he recognizes the older Richard has emerged as a romantic rival, and begins to want to commit to Bunny.

Bunny's fear of unemployment seems confirmed when she and everyone on her staff receive a [[Pink slip (employment)|pink "layoff" slip]] printed out by a similar new EMERAC already installed in payroll. But it turns out to have been a mistake – the machine fired everybody in the company, including the president. The network has kept everything hush-hush to avoid tipping off competitors that a merger was in the works. Rather than replace the research staff, "Emmy" was installed to help the employees cope with the extra work.

With the threat of displacement out of the way, Richard reveals his romantic interest to Bunny, but she believes that EMERAC will always be his first love. He denies it, but then Bunny puts him to the test, pressing the machine beyond its limits. Richard resists the urge to fix it as long as possible, but finally gives in and forces an emergency shutdown. Bunny then accepts his marriage proposal.

==Cast==
{{castlist|
* [[Spencer Tracy]] as Richard Sumner
* [[Katharine Hepburn]] as Bunny Watson
* [[Gig Young]] as Mike Cutler
* [[Joan Blondell]] as Peg Costello, Bunny's friend and co-worker
* [[Dina Merrill]] as Sylvia Blair, reference desk worker
* [[Sue Randall]] as Ruthie Saylor, reference desk worker
* [[Neva Patterson]] as Miss Warriner
* Harry Ellerbe as Smithers
* Nicholas Joy as Mr. Azae
* [[Diane Jergens]] as Alice
* [[Merry Anders]] as Cathy
* [[Rachel Stephens]] as Receptionist 
* [[Ida Moore]] as long-term employee and model for the network's symbol
}}

==Production==
[[File:Tracy Hepburn Desk Set.jpg|thumb|[[Spencer Tracy]] with [[Katharine Hepburn]] in a promotional image for ''Desk Set'' (1957)]]

In the play, Bunny Watson (played by [[Shirley Booth]], who was originally intended for the film as well) had only brief, somewhat hostile interactions with Richard Sumner. Screenwriters Phoebe and Henry Ephron (the parents of [[Nora Ephron]]) built up the role of the efficiency expert and tailored the interactions between him and the researcher to fit Spencer Tracy and Katharine Hepburn.<ref>[https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/72868/desk-set/#notes ''Turner Classic Movies'' Notes: Entry for ''Desk Set'']</ref>

The exterior shots of the "Federal Broadcasting Network" seen in the film are actually of the [[Radio Corporation of America|RCA]] Building (now known as the [[Comcast]] Building) at [[30 Rockefeller Plaza]] in [[Rockefeller Center]], the headquarters of [[NBC]].

The character of Bunny Watson was based on Agnes E. Law, a real-life librarian at [[Columbia Broadcasting Service|CBS]] who retired about a year before the film was released.<ref>{{cite book
  |last=Duralde
  |first=Alonso
  |title=Have Yourself a Movie Little Christmas
  |page=[https://archive.org/details/haveyourselfmovi0000dura/page/61 61]
  |location=Wisconsin
  |publisher=Limelight Editions
  |year=2010
  |isbn=978-0879103767
  |url=https://archive.org/details/haveyourselfmovi0000dura/page/61
  }}</ref><ref>[http://fultonhistory.com/newspaper%202/Richfield%20Springs%20NY%20Mercury/Richfield%20Springs%20NY%20Mercury%201957-1958.pdf/Richfield%20Springs%20NY%20Mercury%201957-1958%20-%200198.pdf "Former Teacher Receives Honor" June 20, 1957. ''Richfield Springs Mercury'', pg 7.]</ref>

This film was the eighth screen pairing of Hepburn and Tracy, after a five-year respite since 1952's ''[[Pat and Mike]],'' and was a first for Hepburn and Tracy in several ways: the first non-MGM film the two starred in together, their first color film, and their first [[CinemaScope]] film. Following ''Desk Set'' their last film together would be 1967's ''[[Guess Who's Coming to Dinner]]''.

The computer referred to as EMERAC is a [[wikt:Special:Search/homoiophone|homoiophone]] [[Metonymy|metonym]] for [[ENIAC]] ("'''E'''lectronic '''N'''umerical '''I'''ntegrator '''A'''nd '''C'''omputer"), which was developed in the 1940s and was the first electronic general-purpose computer. Parts of the EMERAC computer, particularly the massive display of moving square lights, would later be seen in various [[20th Century Fox]] productions including both the [[Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea|motion picture (1961)]] and [[Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea (TV series)|TV (1964–1968) versions]] of ''Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea'' and the Edgar Hopper segment of the 1964 film ''[[What a Way to Go!]]''.

The researchers furnish incorrect information about the career of baseball player [[Ty Cobb]]. Miss Costello claims his major league career lasted for 21 years, and that he played only for the [[Detroit Tigers]].  In fact, he played for 24 years—22 with Detroit, and his final two seasons with the [[Philadelphia Athletics]].

There is a well-known "goof" in one scene. Mike gives Bunny an arrangement of white carnations, and she inserts one in his lapel's button-hole. At the end of the day, she and Richard leave the office. She is carrying the white carnation arrangement as they enter the elevator. As they exit the building, the carnations are pink.<ref>[https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0050307/goofs/ Goofs in ''Desk Set''] at [[IMDb]].</ref>

==Reception==
[[Bosley Crowther]], film critic of ''[[The New York Times]]'', felt the film was "out of dramatic kilter", inasmuch as Hepburn was simply too "formidable" to convincingly play someone "scared by a machine", resulting in "not much tension in this thoroughly lighthearted film".<ref>{{cite news |title=Desk Set (1957) |author=Bosley Crowther |newspaper=The New York Times |date=May 16, 1957 |url=https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9D03E3D91631E63ABC4E52DFB366838C649EDE}}</ref>

The ''[[New York Post]]'' review was mixed: "There are such sops to sentiment as Miss Hepburn's willingness to be dragged altarwards by the young head of her department, [[Gig Young]], who kindly lets her do her most impressive work, and a growing understanding between Hepburn and the rather remote and intellectually Olympian Tracy....Running true to form, the sex narrative follows a predictable pattern, rewarding honest virtue and slapping down the unworthy, and the other, scientific trail is permitted a twist that may surprise any who have found themselves emotionally involved in that timely problem of technological unemployment....'Desk Set,' let us conclude, is a shining piece of machinery brought to a high polish, and, delivered with appropriate performances, flourishes. Affection, though, it cannot inspire."<ref>[[Archer Winsten|Winsten, Archer]] (16 May 1957). {{" '}}Desk Set' Comes to Roxy Theater." ''New York Post'', 44.</ref>

[[Time (magazine)|''TIME'' magazine]] wrote: "At long last, somebody has a kind word for the girls in the research department. The word: one of those electronic brains could do the job much better and with less back chat—and what's more, it would free the girls' energies for the more important job of getting a man....Desk Set has been expanded [from the play] by a sizable pigeonhole, in which [Hepburn and Tracy] intermittently bill and coo....On the whole, the film compares favorably with the play....And though Actress Hepburn tends to wallow in the wake of Shirley Booth...she never quite sinks in the comic scenes, and in the romantic ones she is light enough to ride the champagne splashes of emotion as if she were going over Niagara in a barrel. Spencer Tracy has one wonderful slapstick scene, and Gig Young does very well with a comic style for which he is much beholden to William Holden."<ref>''TIME'', 27 May 1957.</ref>

The ''[[Philadelphia Inquirer]]'' was critical: "The middle-aged excesses of Miss Hepburn and Tracy...leave a good deal to be desired. Equipped with an insubstantial vehicle, bogged down by surprisingly flat-footed direction...the stars come close to being embarrassing as they bound through roles involving them in office nonsense about a mechanical brain, a bibulous Christmas party, an innocent, but suspecting, dinner in negligee Katie's rain-bound flat....Marchant's foolish little comedy gains nothing via the Phoebe and Henry Ephron adaptation. Long recitations from "Hiawatha" and "The Curfew Shall Not Ring Tonight," plus question-and-answer games...in addition to the repetitiousness of the central idea...turn 'Desk Set's' 104 minutes into an endurance contest for cast and audience."<ref>"At the Fox: Hepburn, Tracy in 'Desk Set'." ''Philadelphia Inquirer'', 30 May 1957, 10.</ref>

Today the film is seen far more favorably, with the sharpness of the script praised in particular. It has achieved a rare 100% rating on [[Rotten Tomatoes]] based on 22 reviews, with a [[weighted arithmetic mean|weighted average]] of 6.78/10. The site's consensus reads: "''Desk Set'' reunites one of cinema's most well-loved pairings for a solidly crafted romantic comedy that charmingly encapsulates their timeless appeal".<ref>{{Cite Rotten Tomatoes | id=desk_set | type=movie | title=Desk Set | access-date=30 June 2019}}</ref> Dennis Schwartz of Dennis Schwartz Movie Reviews called it an "inconsequential sex comedy," but contended "the star performers are better than the material they are given to work with" and that "the comedy was so cheerful and the banter between the two was so refreshingly smart that it was easy to forgive this bauble for not being as rich as many of the legendary duo's other films together."<ref>{{cite web|url= https://dennisschwartzreviews.com/deskset|title=Desk Set (aka: His Other Woman)|author=Dennis Schwartz |publisher=Dennis Schwartz Movie Reviews |date= August 5, 2019 |access-date=December 23, 2023}}</ref>

==Legacy==
A [[Canada|Canadian]] radio program, ''[[Bunny Watson]]'', was named for and inspired by Hepburn's character.

==See also==
* [[List of American films of 1957]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Desk Set (film)}}
* {{IMDb title|0050307}}
* {{TCMDb title|72868}}
* {{AFI film|52153}}

{{Walter Lang}}
{{Tracy Hepburn films}}

[[Category:1957 films]]
[[Category:1957 romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:20th Century Fox films]]
[[Category:American films based on plays]]
[[Category:American romantic comedy films]]
[[Category:Films about computing]]
[[Category:Films about technological impact]]
[[Category:Films directed by Walter Lang]]
[[Category:Films scored by Cyril J. Mockridge]]
[[Category:Films set around New Year]]
[[Category:Films set in libraries]]
[[Category:Films set in Manhattan]]
[[Category:Workplace comedy films]]
[[Category:CinemaScope films]]
[[Category:1950s English-language films]]
[[Category:1950s American films]]
[[Category:Films about librarians]]
[[Category:English-language romantic comedy films]]