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{{Short description|American visual effects and computer animation company}}
{{About|the VFX company|the audio mastering studio, Digital Domain Mastering|Bob Katz|digital domain, as opposed to analogue domain|digital (disambiguation){{!}}digital}}
{{Multiple_issues|
{{Advert|date=March 2020}}
{{COI|date=August 2018}}
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{{Infobox company
| name = Digital Domain
| logo = Digital Domain logo.svg
| type = [[Privately held company|Private]]
| key_people = [[Daniel Seah]] (CEO)
| industry = [[Film industry|Motion picture]]
| products = 
| services = {{unbulleted list|[[Visual effects]]|[[Animation]]|[[Virtual actor]]}}
| owner = Digital Domain Holdings Limited
| num_employees = 
| homepage = {{URL|https://digitaldomain.com}}
| foundation = {{Start date and age|1993}}
| founders = [[James Cameron]]<br>[[Scott Ross (film executive)|Scott Ross]]<br>[[Stan Winston]]
| location = 
| location_city = [[Playa Vista, Los Angeles]], [[California]]
| location_country = United States
}}
'''Digital Domain''' (also known as '''Digital Domain Media Group''' or '''DDMG''') is an American [[visual effects]], [[computer animation]] and digital production company headquartered in [[Playa Vista, Los Angeles]], [[California]].

Digital Domain has produced visual effects and animation for more than 500 films, including ''[[Dante's Peak]]'', [[Titanic (1997 film)|''Titanic'']], [[Apollo 13 (film)|''Apollo 13'']], [[What Dreams May Come (film)|''What Dreams May Come'']], ''[[The Fifth Element]]'', [[Armageddon (1998 film)|''Armageddon'']], ''[[Star Trek: Nemesis]]'' and ''[[The Day After Tomorrow]]''.

The company is known for creating digital imagery for feature films, episodics, advertising and games, and virtual and immersive experiences from its nine locations across North America and Asia in Los Angeles, Vancouver, Montreal, Hyderabad, Luxembourg, Beijing, Shanghai, Shenzhen, and Hong Kong.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-04-17 |title=About {{!}} Digital Domain |url=https://digitaldomain.com/about/ |access-date=2024-03-14 |language=en-US}}</ref>

==History==
The company was founded by film director [[James Cameron]], [[Stan Winston]] and [[Scott Ross (film executive)|Scott Ross]] in 1993. Ross, the former Senior Vice President of [[Lucasfilm Games|LucasArts Entertainment Company]] had spent several years working for [[George Lucas]], but had grown frustrated that his boss was focusing on theme parks, video games and real estate after the failures of [[Howard the Duck (film)|Howard The Duck]] (1986) and [[Willow (1988 film)|Willow]] (1988). "I left because I wanted to make movies," he acknowledged. Winston had his own explanation for launching the new company, stating, "There's a reason why I now own Digital Domain with Jim Cameron and Scott Ross, the second largest computer effects company next to [[Industrial Light & Magic|ILM]]. I don't want to become extinct like the dinosaurs in [[Jurassic Park (film)|Jurassic Park]]".<ref>{{Cite web |title=GODZILLA Unmade: The History of Jan De Bont`s Unproduced TriStar Film - Part 3 of 4 |url=https://www.scifijapan.com/godzilla-toho/godzilla-unmade-the-history-of-jan-de-bonts-unproduced-tristar-film-part-3-of-4 |access-date=2025-06-17 |website=www.scifijapan.com |language=en-gb}}</ref>

They began producing visual effects and animation in 1993 with its first three films, ''[[True Lies]]'', ''[[Interview with the Vampire (film)|Interview with the Vampire]]'', and ''[[Color of Night]]'', being released in 1994.

[[File:ASW Fake FA37 2.jpg|thumb|230px|From the film ''[[Stealth (film)|Stealth]]'': the fictional [[F/A-37 Talon]] aboard the {{USS|Abraham Lincoln|CVN-72|6}}.]]

=== Early 2000s ===
In October 2002, Digital Domain launched a wholly owned subsidiary, D2 Software, Inc., to market and distribute its [[Academy Awards|Academy Award]]-winning compositing software, [[Nuke (software)|''Nuke'']].<ref>{{cite web|title=Digital Domain launches D2 Software, Inc.|date=9 October 2002 |url=http://www.fxguide.com/featured/Digital_Domain_Launches_D2_Software_Inc/|publisher=FX Guide|access-date=25 May 2013}}</ref>

In 2002–2003, Digital Domain co-produced its first feature film, ''[[Secondhand Lions]]'', written and directed by [[Tim McCanlies]] and starring [[Michael Caine]], [[Robert Duvall]], [[Haley Joel Osment]], and [[Kyra Sedgwick]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Expanding Horizons for Digital Domain and Stan Winston|url=http://www.awn.com/articles/expanding-horizons-digital-domain-and-stan-winston|publisher=Animation World Network|access-date=25 May 2013}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Secondhand Lions|url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0327137/fullcredits?ref_=tt_ov_st_sm#cast|publisher=IMDb.com|access-date=25 May 2013}}</ref>

The founders were known for feuding, principally due to internal conflicts over the film ''[[Titanic (1997 film)|Titanic]]''.{{Citation needed|date=January 2024}} Founder Scott Ross announced plans to raise $100 million in financing to become more active as a production company.<ref>{{cite news|title=Sinking Ship | work=Forbes | url=https://www.forbes.com/forbes/2005/1114/161.html | date=14 November 2005 | first=Seth | last=Lubove}}</ref> This plan never materialized, forcing management to seek a buyer of the company.

=== 2006–present ===
In May 2006, Digital Domain was purchased by an affiliate of Wyndcrest Holdings, LLC, a private holding company. Wyndcrest's principals then included founder [[John Textor]], director [[Michael Bay]], former Microsoft executive Carl Stork and former NFL player and sports television commentator [[Dan Marino]].<ref name="Three Exex">{{cite web|url=http://www.cgw.com/Press-Center/News/2006/Digital-Domain-Hires-Three-Creative-Senior-Execu.aspx|title=Digital Domain Hires Three Creative Senior Executives from Visual Effects Industry|date=2006-09-21|publisher=Computer Graphics World|access-date=2011-05-30}}</ref> The buyers purchased the company for an estimated $35 million. Textor and Bay would become co-chairman of Digital Domain and Stork was named CEO.

In 2007, Wyndcrest also acquired [[The Foundry Visionmongers|The Foundry]] which was tasked with taking over the development of ''Nuke''. The Foundry was subject to a management buy-out in 2009.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ft.com/content/94359572-4fcc-11de-a692-00144feabdc0|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210221232/https://www.ft.com/content/94359572-4fcc-11de-a692-00144feabdc0|archive-date=December 10, 2022|url-access=subscription|title=The Foundry returns to former management|last=Palmer|first=Maija|date=June 3, 2009|access-date=October 3, 2012|url-status=live}}</ref>

In 2011, Digital Domain Media Group entered into the film production business with a major investment into the feature film ''[[Ender's Game (film)|Ender's Game]]'', which was a co-production with [[OddLot Entertainment]] and [[Summit Entertainment]]. The film was released November 1, 2013.<ref>{{cite news|last=Cieply|first=Michael|title=A Movie Mogul Rising (Jan. 14, 2013)|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/15/business/media/enders-game-is-a-bet-for-gigi-pritzkers-oddlot-entertainment.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0|work=The New York Times|access-date=25 May 2013|date=January 14, 2013}}</ref>

In November 2011, DDMG took the company public through an [[initial public offering]] (IPO), and the company was listed on the NYSE under the symbol DDMG, achieving a market valuation of more than $400 million.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nasdaq.com/markets/ipos/company/digital-domain-media-group-inc-828382-67152 |title=Digital Domain Media Group IPO|date=October 23, 2012|access-date=October 23, 2012}}</ref>

In 2012, subsidiary Digital Domain created a virtual likeness of the late rap star [[Tupac Shakur]] for [[Dr. Dre]]'s and [[Snoop Dogg]]'s show at the [[Coachella Valley Music and Arts Festival]]. The performance earned Textor's studio the Titanium Award at the 59th annual [[Cannes Lions International Festival of Creativity]].<ref>{{cite web |author=Richard Verrier |date=2012-06-25 |title='Virtual 2Pac' image wins award for Digital Domain |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/envelope/la-xpm-2012-jun-25-la-et-ct-digital-domain-tupac-20120625-story.html |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=[[Los Angeles Times]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Kaitlyn Tiffany |date=2018-10-23 |title=No industry is weirder than the dead celebrity hologram industry |url=https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2018/10/23/18010274/amy-winehouse-hologram-tour-controversy-technology |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=vox.com |publisher=Vox}}</ref> Digital Domain also announced that the company would go on create virtual Elvis Presley in partnership with [[CORE Media Group]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-04-16/how-tupac-became-a-hologram-plus-is-elvis-next|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120419122904/http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2012-04-16/how-tupac-became-a-hologram-plus-is-elvis-next|url-status=dead|archive-date=April 19, 2012|title=How Tupac Became a Hologram: Is Elvis Next|date=April 16, 2012|first=Claire|last=Suddath|access-date=April 16, 2012}}</ref>

In 2015, the [[Ultimate Fighting Championship|UFC]] hired Digital Domain to create a commercial series for their [[UFC 189]] event.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mmajunkie.com/2015/05/dana-white-wants-jose-aldo-vs-conor-mcgregor-to-be-everything-mayweather-vs-pacquiao-was-not|title=Dana White wants Aldo-McGregor to be 'everything Mayweather-Pacquiao was not'|date=May 22, 2015|first=Mike|last=Bohn|access-date=May 25, 2015}}</ref>

In 2016, [[the Pokémon Company]] hired Digital Domain to create the visual effects for their "Train On" Super Bowl ad, released to celebrate the Pokémon series' 20th anniversary.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://twitter.com/PLDHnet/status/694748819418796032|title=Twitter|date=February 2, 2016|access-date=February 2, 2016}}</ref>

In 2017, Voltron Chronicles, a VR game Digital Domain co-developed with Universal based on Netflix's Voltron Legendary Defender, went live. Fans can play this game on PSVR, Oculus Rift and HTC Vive for $15.<ref>{{cite web|title=There's a VR game to go with Netflix's new 'Voltron' series|date=30 August 2017 |url=https://www.engadget.com/2017/08/30/theres-a-vr-game-to-go-with-netflixs-new-voltron-series/|access-date=November 29, 2017}}</ref>

In 2018, Digital Domain celebrated its 25th anniversary while announcing the opening of its second Canadian studio in Montreal, Quebec.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Caranicas |first=Peter |date=2018-12-15 |title=Visual Effects Studio Digital Domain to Open New Location Studio in Montreal |url=https://variety.com/2018/artisans/news/avengers-infinity-war-visual-effects-studio-digital-domain-to-open-new-location-studio-in-montreal-1203090490/ |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=Variety |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 2019, Digital Domain Head of Software and virtual avatar DigiDoug presented a talk during TED2019 as the first digital human to give a [[TED (conference)|TED Talk]] in real-time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Domain |first=Digital |title=First Digital Human Gives Ted Talk In Real Time |url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/first-digital-human-gives-ted-talk-in-real-time-300848500.html |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=www.prnewswire.com |language=en}}</ref>

In 2020, Digital Domain introduced Masquerade 2.0, the next iteration of its in-house facial capture system, rebuilt from the ground up to bring feature film-quality characters to next-gen games, episodics and commercials.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Digital Domain Introduces Masquerade 2.0 Facial Capture System |url=https://www.awn.com/news/digital-domain-introduces-masquerade-20-facial-capture-system |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=Animation World Network |language=en}}</ref> Masquerade 2.0 uses the same tech that was utilized to create Thanos in Avengers: Infinity War and Avengers: Endgame. The development allows the technology to be applied to smaller projects, bringing the full depth and emotion of an actor’s performance to any screen.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-05-03 |title=Masquerade Offline Capture {{!}} Technology {{!}} Digital Domain |url=https://digitaldomain.com/technology/masquerade-offline-capture/ |access-date=2024-03-15 |language=en-US}}</ref>

In 2021, Digital Domain utilized its new proprietary face-swapping tool, Charlatan, to create a realistic hologram/digital human combination of Vince Lombardi for Super Bowl LV.<ref>{{cite web |last=Miller |first=Max |date=2021-02-08 |title=How the NFL created a digital Vince Lombardi for Superbowl LV |url=https://www.broadcastnow.co.uk/production/how-the-nfl-created-a-digital-vince-lombardi-for-superbowl-lv/5156926.article |access-date=2024-03-15 |website=Broadcast }}</ref>

In 2022, Digital Domain announced “Zoey,” the world’s most advanced autonomous virtual human.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-05-06 |title=Digital Domain Gives a Face to AI with ‘Zoey,’ the Most Advanced Autonomous Human Ever Created {{!}} {{!}} Digital Domain |url=https://digitaldomain.com/news/digital-domain-gives-a-face-to-ai-with-zoey-the-most-advanced-autonomous-human-ever-created/ |access-date=2024-03-15 |language=en-US}}</ref> Powered by machine learning and created using an advanced version of the technology and process that helped bring Thanos to the big screen, the photorealistic Zoey can engage in conversations with multiple participants at once, remember people, access the internet to answer questions and more, paving the way for the next step in the evolution of AI.

===Digital Humans Group===
The company has a sub-division known as New Media Group, which is currently led by Hanno Basse, the Chief Technology Officer. This sub-division provides machine learning-based scanning and digitization services to create immersive experiences for any screen. The process involves two programs called Masquerade and Direct Drive, which use high-resolution scans and motion capture technology. The data generated by these programs can be mapped and animated to create compelling visual experiences.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-09-12 |title=Digital Humans Lab {{!}} Digital Domain |url=https://digitaldomain.com/digital-humans-lab/ |access-date=2024-03-14 |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Financial difficulties ==
In 2009, Digital Domain parent company DDMG launched Tradition Studios in Florida to develop and produce original, family-oriented CGI-animated features. The studio moved on January 3, 2012, to a new {{convert|115,000|sqft|m2|adj=on}} facility in [[Port St. Lucie, Florida|Port St. Lucie]], built with the city's incentives.<ref>{{cite news |last=Erazo |first=Christin |date=December 29, 2011 |title=Digital Domain ready to open its dazzling Tradition Studios {{!}} Photo Gallery |url=http://www.tcpalm.com/news/2011/dec/29/digital-domain-ready-to-open-its-dazzling/ |access-date=December 30, 2011 |newspaper=TCPalm}}</ref> The studio attracted a number of creators, including [[Aaron Blaise]], the director of ''[[Brother Bear]]'', and [[Brad Lewis]], co-director of ''[[Cars 2]]'', who together were developing an animated feature film ''The Legend of Tembo'' for a planned 2014 release.<ref name="Hollywood">{{cite news |last=Giardina |first=Carolyn |date=2011-06-29 |title='Cars 2' Co-Director Brad Lewis Joining Digital Domain's Animation Studio |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/cars-2-director-brad-lewis-206886 |access-date=2011-06-29 |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Giardina |first=Carolyn |date=2011-08-10 |title=Aaron Blaise and Chuck Williams will direct the film, currently in development. |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/legend-tembo-be-tradition-studios-221461 |access-date=2011-08-11 |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref><ref name="Tcpalm">{{cite news |last=Howk |first=Alexi |date=2011-05-27 |title=Port St. Lucie's Digital Domain positioning itself to rival Disney, Pixar |url=http://www.tcpalm.com/news/2011/may/27/digital-domain-positioning-itself-to-rival-pixar/ |access-date=2011-06-29 |publisher=tcpalm.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Howk |first=Alexi |date=August 11, 2011 |title=Digital Domain's Tradition Studios' 1st feature film to debut fall 2014 {{!}} Exclusive 1st look |url=http://www.tcpalm.com/news/2011/aug/11/digital-domains-tradition-studios-announces-film/ |access-date=August 16, 2011 |newspaper=TCPalm}}</ref>

In November 2011, DDMG completed a successful IPO capital raise for $40 million. Textor's Florida expansion plans did not overcome the continuing negative cash flow of Digital Domain's primary visual effects business. In the summer of 2011, Lydian Private Bank failed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ostrowski |first=Jeff |title=Palm Beach-based Lydian Private Bank fails |url=https://www.palmbeachpost.com/story/business/2011/08/19/palm-beach-based-lydian-private/7270058007/ |access-date=2024-01-24 |website=The Palm Beach Post |language=en-US}}</ref> As DDMG's principal lender and major shareholder, this had a major impact during the peak of DDMG's capital consumption. Lydian's sizable stake was sold to a [[hedge fund]] affiliated with Florida Power & Light which was then traded to hedge fund and lender Tenor Capital. Tenor Capital engaged in heavy short-selling of DDMG's publicly listed stock as a strategy to pull cash proceeds from the daily trading of DDMG stock. {{Citation needed|date=January 2024}}

Once considered critical funding for the future of DDMG, the IPO became the vehicle by which hedge funds could prevent the company from accessing capital while profiting from the decline in DDMG's stock price.<ref name="Pfahler">{{cite web |last=Pfahler |first=Eric |date=September 8, 2013 |title=One year later — how Digital Domain collapsed and how John Textor hopes to regroup |url=http://www.tcpalm.com/news/2013/sep/08/digital_domain-collapse-john-textor/ |access-date=September 8, 2013}}</ref> Tenor became a stakeholder in DDMG in early May 2012, with DDMG stock price trading at an all-time high,<ref>{{cite web |title=Digital Domain Media (OTCPK: DDMGQ) |url=http://investing.money.msn.com/investments/charts?symbol=ddmgq#"zRange":"11","startDate":"2012-4-16","endDate":"2012-5-18","frequency":"d","chartStyle":"mountain","chartCursor":"1","scaleType":"0","yaxisAlign":"right","mode":"pan" |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140226143131/http://investing.money.msn.com/investments/charts/?symbol=ddmgq#"zRange":"11","startDate":"2012-4-16","endDate":"2012-5-18","frequency":"d","chartStyle":"mountain","chartCursor":"1","scaleType":"0","yaxisAlign":"right","mode":"pan" |archive-date=2014-02-26 |access-date=2017-04-25 |website=MSN Money}}</ref> but DDMG would soon be unable to access the cash needed to fund its Venice operations and its Florida studio growth.<ref>{{cite web |last=Seymour |first=Mike |date=June 17, 2013 |title=John Textor and what really happened inside Digital Domain Media Group? |url=http://www.fxguide.com/featured/john-textor-and-what-really-happened-inside-digital-domain-media-group// |access-date=June 17, 2013}}</ref> Documents and emails demonstrate that Digital Domain senior management believed they had options to put cash into the company. However, Tenor Capital had significant weight as a chief lender and, according to Palm Beach Capital and the Tenor strategy, may have been shorting DDMG stock to profit from its failure.<ref>{{cite news |last=Kitchens |first=Susan |date=October 16, 2008 |title=The Convertible Arb Irony |url=https://www.forbes.com/2008/10/15/Industry-Insights-Hedge-Fund-Convertible-Short-Panel3.html |access-date=October 16, 2008 |work=Forbes}}</ref>

When a deal to fund the company failed on July 31, Tenor Capital cited a violation of a minimum cash covenant and demanded $51 million on August 20 as repayment for its $35 million loan made four months earlier.<ref name="Pfahler" /> The lenders appointed Mike Katzenstein as interim chief operating officer of the company who acted without conferring with DDMG senior management,<ref name="Pfahler" /> deciding to close the Florida studio, causing Chairman John Textor to submit a letter of resignation "in profound disagreement" with this decision.<ref>{{cite web |date=September 7, 2013 |title=John Textor Letter of Resignation |url=http://www.documentcloud.org/documents/779104-john-textor-letter-of-resignation.html#document/p6/a117033 |access-date=2017-05-01}}</ref>

On September 7, 2012, it was announced that all of DDMG's Port St. Lucie's operations—including Tradition Studios—were to be shut down, laying off nearly 300 newly trained and recruited employees.<ref name="Channel5News">{{cite news |date=September 7, 2012 |title=Digital Domain Port St. Lucie facility closing: Nearly 300 employees laid off |url=http://www.wptv.com/dpp/news/region_st_lucie_county/port_st_lucie/reports-of-digital-domains-facility-in-port-st-lucie-closing |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120910084321/http://www.wptv.com/dpp/news/region_st_lucie_county/port_st_lucie/reports-of-digital-domains-facility-in-port-st-lucie-closing |archive-date=September 10, 2012 |access-date=September 11, 2012 |work=WPTV News Channel 5 |location=Port St. Lucie, Florida|agency=WPTV}}</ref>

=== Bankruptcy, financial restructuring, and lawsuits ===
On September 11, 2012, Digital Domain Media Group Inc. filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection after the company's hedge fund lenders alleged the company defaulted on a minimum cash covenant relating to a $35 million loan. DDMG's lenders proposed a deal to sell its operating businesses–Digital Domain and Mothership—to a private investment firm, [[Searchlight Capital Partners]], for $15 million. At the public auction on September 21, 2012, Digital Domain's visual effects business and its principal animation feature film properties were instead acquired by a joint venture led by a leading DDMG shareholder [[Beijing Galloping Horse Group|Beijing Galloping Horse America, LLC]] in partnership with Reliance MediaWorks (USA) The sale was approved on September 24, 2012.<ref>{{cite news |last=Szalai |first=George |date=September 24, 2012 |title=China's Galloping Horse and India's Reliance MediaWorks Win Auction for Digital Domain |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/digital-domain-auction-galloping%20horse-reliance-china-india-400103 |access-date=September 24, 2012 |work=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref>

In July 2013, approximately nine months after Digital Domain filed for bankruptcy, the majority ownership was acquired by Hong Kong listed public company Sun Innovation. This acquisition placed an approximate $3.5 billion valuation on Digital Domain, with Reliance MediaWorks continuing to own the minority stake. Daniel Seah was appointed CEO.<ref>{{Cite news |date=July 27, 2013 |title=Digital Domain 3.0 Becomes Part of Sun Innovation |url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20130726005913/en/Digital-Domain-3.0-Part-Sun-Innovation |access-date=November 11, 2013 |work=Press release |publisher=Digital Domain}}</ref> Seah spearheaded the bankruptcy acquisition and protection of Digital Domain by DDMG shareholder Beijing Galloping Horse America, LLC.

The bankruptcy and financial restructuring of Digital Domain triggered a number of lawsuits naming John Textor, former Apple CEO John Sculley and the entire Board of Directors, the auditors and others involved in the business and in the IPO offering.<ref>{{cite web |date=20 September 2012 |title=Berman DeValerio Files Securities Class Action Lawsuit against Former Executives and Directors of Digital Domain Media Group, Inc. |url=http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20120920006639/en/Berman-DeValerio-Files-Securities-Class-Action-Lawsuit |access-date=25 May 2013 |work=Business Wire}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Howk, Scripps Treasure Coast Newspapers |first=Alexi |title=Digital Domain lawsuits: Three suits accuse Digital Domain of lying about financial status |url=http://www.wptv.com/dpp/news/region_st_lucie_county/port_st_lucie/digital-domain-lawsuits-three-suits-accuse-digital-domain-of-lying-about-financial-status |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111221738/http://www.wptv.com/dpp/news/region_st_lucie_county/port_st_lucie/digital-domain-lawsuits-three-suits-accuse-digital-domain-of-lying-about-financial-status |archive-date=11 November 2013 |access-date=25 May 2013 |publisher=WPTV.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Securities Class Action Lawsuit Filed Against Digital Domain Media Group, Inc.; Shareholders With Large Losses Encouraged to Contact Holzer Holzer & Fistel, LLC Regarding November 19th Lead Plaintiff Deadline |url=https://finance.yahoo.com/news/securities-class-action-lawsuit-filed-170823170.html |access-date=25 May 2013 |work=Yahoo! Finance}}</ref><ref>{{cite magazine |title=Former Digital Domain CEO & Auditors Sued For Fraud By Investors |url=https://deadline.com/2013/05/digital-domain-ceo-auditors-sued-fraud-lawsuit-james-cameron-505591/ |access-date=25 May 2013 |magazine=[[Deadline Hollywood]]}}</ref>

In February 2015, the [[New York Supreme Court|Supreme Court of New York]] and the Inspector General of the State of Florida cleared Textor of any financial wrongdoing,<ref name=":0">{{cite web |author=<!--Not stated--> |date=2021-08-21 |title=Supreme Court of New York Terminates Lawsuit against John Textor |url=https://www.prweb.com/releases/supreme_court_of_new_york_terminates_lawsuit_against_john_textor/prweb12531982.htm |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=[[PRWeb]] |publisher=Cision PR Web }}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite report |url=https://www.flgov.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/report.pdf |title=Review of the Economic Incentive Award to Digital Domain Media Group |author= |date= |publisher=Executive Office of the Governor |page=2 |docket=2013-11 |author-link= |access-date=2021-08-11}}</ref> and ''[[The Athletic]]'' reported that he had received a settlement from the hedge fund that caused the collapse.<ref name=":2">{{cite web |author=Matt Slater |date=2021-07-10 |title=Crystal Palace takeover: Benfica arrests cast doubt over Textor's partnership plans |url=https://www.nytimes.com/athletic/2699565/2021/07/10/crystal-palace-takeover-benfica-arrests-cast-doubt-over-textors-partnership-plans/ |access-date=2021-08-11 |website=theathletic.com |publisher=The Athletic}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Tiffany |first=Kaitlyn |date=2018-10-23 |title=Amy Winehouse is going on tour: The dead celebrity hologram industry, explained |url=https://www.vox.com/the-goods/2018/10/23/18010274/amy-winehouse-hologram-tour-controversy-technology |access-date=2022-04-15 |website=Vox |language=en}}</ref>

Palm Beach Capital, the largest investor in DDMG, identified hedge funds, Tenor Capital et al., as the primary cause of the company's difficulties. Palm Beach Capital cited unlawful finance penalties and possible illegal short selling strategies designed to damage the company's public stock price.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dow Jones & Co. : Digital Domain Investor Palm Beach Capital Sues Over $25M Fee |url=http://pevc.dowjones.com/Article?an=DJFLBO0020121130e8buncoit&cid=32135011&ctype=ts&pid=15&ReturnUrl=http%3a%2f%2fpevc.dowjones.com%2fArticle%3fan%3dDJFLBO0020121130e8buncoit%26cid%3d32135011%26ctype%3dts%26pid%3d15 |access-date=2013-09-27 |archive-date=2013-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131111222528/http://pevc.dowjones.com/Article?an=DJFLBO0020121130e8buncoit&cid=32135011&ctype=ts&pid=15&ReturnUrl=http%3a%2f%2fpevc.dowjones.com%2fArticle%3fan%3dDJFLBO0020121130e8buncoit%26cid%3d32135011%26ctype%3dts%26pid%3d15 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |date=2012-10-30 |title=Motion seeks to limit how much Digital Domain lenders should be paid back |url=http://www.tcpalm.com/news/2012/oct/30/no-headline---tc_sl_ddmg/ |publisher=[[The Stuart News and TC Palm]]}}</ref> Ultimately, the hedge fund lenders agreed to settle outstanding claims by the DDMG parties through a May 2016 settlement agreement awarding $8.5 million to former CEO John Textor and $3 million each to the city of Port Saint Lucie and the state of Florida.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.tcpalm.com/story/news/local/shaping-our-future/property-values/2016/05/24/port-st-lucie-state-each-gets-3-million-in-digital-domain-settlement-textor-to-get-85-million/89393494/|title=Port St. Lucie, state each gets $3 million in Digital Domain settlement; Textor to get $8.5 million|first=Nicole|last=Rodriguez|website=Treasure Coast}}</ref> The settlement also assigned all technology assets of Digital Domain's Florida studio.

== Filmography ==
=== 1990s ===
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
!Year
!Films
!Director(s)
!Studio(s) and distributor(s)
!Budget
!Gross
|-
| colspan="1" rowspan="3" |1994
|''[[Color of Night]]''
|[[Richard Rush (director)|Richard Rush]]
|{{Unbulleted list|Hollywood Pictures}}
|$40 million
|$46.7 million
|-
|''[[True Lies]]''
|[[James Cameron]]
|{{Unbulleted list|20th Century Fox|Lightstorm Entertainment}}
|$100–120 million
|$378.9 million
|-
|''[[Interview with the Vampire (film)|Interview with the Vampire]]''
|[[Neil Jordan]]
|{{Unbulleted list|Warner Bros. Pictures}}
|$60 million
|$223.7 million
|-
| rowspan="2" |1995
|[[Apollo 13 (film)|''Apollo 13'']]
|[[Ron Howard]]
|Universal Pictures<br/>Imagine Entertainment
|$52 million
|$355.2 million
|-
|[[Strange Days (film)|''Strange Days'']]
|[[Kathryn Bigelow]]
|{{Unbulleted list|Lightstorm Entertainment|20th Century Fox}}
|$42 million
|$17 million
|-
| colspan="1" rowspan="3" |1996
|''[[Sgt. Bilko]]''
|[[Jonathan Lynn]]
|Universal Pictures<br/>Imagine Entertainment
|$39 million
|$7 million
|-
|[[Chain Reaction (1996 film)|''Chain Reaction'']]
|[[Andrew Davis (director)|Andrew Davis]]
|20th Century Fox
|$50 million
|$60.2 million
|-
|[[The Island of Dr. Moreau (1996 film)|''The Island of Dr. Moreau'']]
|[[John Frankenheimer]]
|New Line Cinema
|$40 million
|$49.6 million
|-
| colspan="1" rowspan="5" |1997
|''[[Dante's Peak]]''
|[[Roger Donaldson]]
|Universal Pictures
|$116 million
|$178.1 million
|-
|''[[The Fifth Element]]''
|[[Luc Besson]]
|[[Gaumont Film Company|Gaumont]]
|$90 million
|$263.9 million
|-
|''[[Red Corner]]''
|[[Jon Avnet]]
|[[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]]
|$48 million
|$22 million
|-
|[[Titanic (1997 film)|''Titanic'']]
|James Cameron
|Paramount Pictures<br/>20th Century Fox<br/>Lightstorm Entertainment
|$200 million
|$2.264 billion
|-
|''[[Kundun]]''
|[[Martin Scorsese]]
|[[Touchstone Pictures]]
|$28 million
|$5.7 million
|-
| colspan="1" rowspan="2" |1998
|[[Armageddon (1998 film)|''Armageddon'']]
|[[Michael Bay]]
|Touchstone Pictures<br/>[[Jerry Bruckheimer Films]]
|$140 million
|$553.7 million
|-
|[[What Dreams May Come (film)|''What Dreams May Come'']]
|[[Vincent Ward (director)|Vincent Ward]]
|[[PolyGram Filmed Entertainment|Polygram Filmed Entertainment]]
|$85‒90 million
|$75.4 million
|-
| colspan="1" rowspan="3" |1999
|''[[EDtv]]''
|[[Ron Howard]]
|Universal Pictures<br/>Imagine Entertainment
|$80 million
|$35.2 million
|-
|[[Lake Placid (film)|''Lake Placid'']]
|[[Steve Miner]]
|rowspan="2" |[[20th Century Fox]]
|$27–35 million
|$56.9 million
|-
|''[[Fight Club]]''
|[[David Fincher]]
|$63–65 million
|$101.2 million
|-
|}

=== 2000s ===
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
!Year
!Films
!Director(s)
!Studio(s) and distributor(s)
!Budget
!Gross
|-
| colspan="1" rowspan="6" |2000
|[[Supernova (2000 film)|''Supernova'']]
|[[Walter Hill]]<br/>Uncredited:<br/>[[Jack Sholder]]<br/>[[Francis Ford Coppola]]
|[[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]]
|$60–90 million
|$14.8 million
|-
|[[Rules of Engagement (film)|''Rules of Engagement'']]
|[[William Friedkin]]
|[[Paramount Pictures]]
|$60 million
|$71.7 million
|-
|''[[O Brother, Where Art Thou?]]''
|[[Coen brothers|Joel and Ethan Coen]]
|[[Touchstone Pictures]]<br/>[[Universal Pictures]]<br/>[[StudioCanal]]
|$26 million
|$71.9 million
|-
|[[X-Men (film)|''X-Men'']]
|[[Bryan Singer]]
|[[20th Century Fox]]
|$75 million
|$296.3 million
|-
|[[Red Planet (film)|''Red Planet'']]
|Antony Hoffman
|[[Warner Bros. Pictures]]
|$80 million
|$33.5 million
|-
|[[How the Grinch Stole Christmas (2000 film)|''How the Grinch Stole Christmas'']]
|[[Ron Howard]]
|Universal Pictures<br/>Imagine Entertainment
|$123 million
|$345.8 million
|-
| rowspan="3" |2001
|''[[The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring]]''
|[[Peter Jackson]]
|[[New Line Cinema]]
|$93 million
|$898.2 million
|-
|''[[Vanilla Sky]]''
|[[Cameron Crowe]]
|[[Paramount Pictures]]<br/>[[Summit Entertainment]]
|$68 million
|$203.4 million
|-
|[[A Beautiful Mind (film)|''A Beautiful Mind'']]
|[[Ron Howard]]
|Universal Pictures<br/>[[DreamWorks Pictures]]<br/>Imagine Entertainment
|$58 million
|$316.8 million
|-
| rowspan="5" |2002
|''[[We Were Soldiers]]''
|[[Randall Wallace]]
|[[Paramount Pictures]]
|$75 million
|$115.4 million
|-
|[[The Time Machine (2002 film)|''The Time Machine'']]
|[[Simon Wells]]
|DreamWorks Pictures<br/>[[Warner Bros. Pictures]]
|$80 million
|$123.7 million
|-
|[[XXX (2002 film)|''xXx'']]
|[[Rob Cohen]]
|[[Revolution Studios]]
|$88.3 million
|$277.4 million
|-
|[[Adaptation (film)|''Adaptation'']]
|[[Spike Jonze]]
|[[Columbia Pictures]]
|$19 million
|$32.8 million
|-
|''[[Star Trek: Nemesis]]''
|[[Stuart Baird]]
|Paramount Pictures
|$60 million
|$67.3 million
|-
| rowspan="7" |2003
|[[Daredevil (film)|''Daredevil'']]
|[[Mark Steven Johnson]]
|20th Century Fox
|$78 million
|$179.2 million
|-
|[[Willard (2003 film)|''Willard'']]
|[[Glen Morgan]]
|New Line Cinema
|TBA
|$8.5 million
|-
|[[The Italian Job (2003 film)|''The Italian Job'']]
|[[F. Gary Gray]]
|[[Paramount Pictures]]
|$60 million
|$176.1 million
|-
|''[[Secondhand Lions]]''
|[[Tim McCanlies]]
|New Line Cinema
|$30 million
|$48.3 million
|-
|''[[Looney Tunes: Back in Action]]''
|[[Joe Dante]]
|[[Warner Bros. Pictures]]
|$80 million
|$68.5 million
|-
|[[The Missing (2003 film)|''The Missing'']]
|[[Ron Howard]]
|[[Columbia Pictures]]<br/>[[Revolution Studios]]<br/>Imagine Entertainment
|$60 million
|$38.4 million
|-
|[[Peter Pan (2003 film)|''Peter Pan'']]
|[[P. J. Hogan|P.J. Hogan]]
|Universal Pictures<br/>Columbia Pictures<br/>Revolution Studios
|$130 million
|$122 million
|-
| rowspan="3" |2004
|''[[The Day After Tomorrow]]''
|[[Roland Emmerich]]
|[[20th Century Fox]]<br/>[[Lionsgate Films|Lionsgate]]
|$125 million
|$552.6 million
|-
|[[I, Robot (film)|''I, Robot'']]
|[[Alex Proyas]]
|rowspan="2" |20th Century Fox
|$120 million
|$353.1 million
|-
|[[Flight of the Phoenix (2004 film)|''Flight of the Phoenix'']]
|[[John Moore (director)|John Moore]]
|$45-75 million
|$34.5 million
|-
| rowspan="5" |2005
|''[[Cinderella Man]]''
|[[Ron Howard]]
|Universal Pictures<br/>Touchstone Pictures<br/>[[Miramax|Miramax Films]]<br/>Imagine Entertainment
|$88 million
|$108.5 million
|-
|[[Dark Water (2005 film)|''Dark Water'']]
|[[Walter Salles]]
|Touchstone Pictures
|TBA
|$44.4–49.5 million
|-
|[[Charlie and the Chocolate Factory (film)|''Charlie and the Chocolate Factory'']]
|[[Tim Burton]]
|[[Warner Bros. Pictures]]
|$150 million
|$475.8 million
|-
|[[Stealth (film)|''Stealth'']]
|[[Rob Cohen]]
|Columbia Pictures
|$135 million
|$79.3 million
|-
|[[Æon Flux (film)|''Æon Flux'']]
|[[Karyn Kusama]]
|[[Paramount Pictures]]<br/>[[Lakeshore Entertainment]]
|$55-62 million
|$52.3 million
|-
| rowspan="6" |2006
|''[[My Super Ex-Girlfriend]]''
|[[Ivan Reitman]]
|[[20th Century Fox]]
|$30 million
|$61.1 million
|-
|[[Zoom (2006 film)|''Zoom'']]
|[[Peter Hewitt (director)|Peter Hewitt]]
|[[Columbia Pictures]]<br/>[[Revolution Studios]]
|$75.6 million
|$12.5 million
|-
|''[[The Texas Chainsaw Massacre: The Beginning]]''
|[[Jonathan Liebesman|Johnathan Liebesman]]
|[[New Line Cinema]]
|$16 million
|$51.8 million
|-
|[[Flags of Our Fathers (film)|''Flags of Our Fathers'']]
| rowspan="2" |[[Clint Eastwood]]
| rowspan="2" |DreamWorks Pictures<br/>Warner Bros. Pictures<br/>Paramount Pictures<br/>Amblin Entertainment
|$90 million
|$65.9 million
|-
|''[[Letters from Iwo Jima]]''
|$19 million
|$68.7 million
|-
|''[[The Nativity Story]]''
|[[Catherine Hardwicke]]
|New Line Cinema
|$35 million
|$46.4 million
|-
| rowspan="8" |2007
|[[The Hitcher (2007 film)|''The Hitcher'']]
|[[Dave Meyers (director)|Dave Meyers]]
|[[Rogue Pictures]]
|$10 million
|$25.4 million
|-
|[[Zodiac (film)|''Zodiac'']]
|[[David Fincher]]
|Paramount Pictures<br/>Warner Bros. Pictures
|$65–85 million
|$84.7 million
|-
|''[[Meet the Robinsons]]''
|[[Stephen Anderson (artist)|Stephen Anderson]]
|[[Walt Disney Pictures]]
|$150 million
|$169.3 million
|-
|[[Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End|''Pirates of The Caribbean: At World's End'']]
|[[Gore Verbinski]]
|Walt Disney Pictures<br/>[[Jerry Bruckheimer Films]]
|$300 million
|$963.4 million
|-
|[[We Own the Night (film)|''We Own the Night'']]
|[[James Gray (director)|James Gray]]
|[[Columbia Pictures]]
|$21–28 million
|$55.3 million
|-
|[[Transformers (film)|''Transformers'']]
|[[Michael Bay]]
|DreamWorks Pictures<br/>Paramount Pictures
|$150–200 million
|$709.7 million
|-
|[[The Seeker (film)|''The Seeker'']]
|[[David L. Cunningham]]
|20th Century Fox
|$45 million
|$31.8 million
|-
|[[The Golden Compass (film)|''The Golden Compass'']]
|[[Chris Weitz]]
|New Line Cinema
|$180 million
|$372.2 million
|-
| rowspan="5" |2008
|''[[Jumper (2008 film)|Jumper]]''
|[[Doug Liman]]
|20th Century Fox
|$85 million
|$225.1 million
|-
|''[[Speed Racer (film)|Speed Racer]]''
|[[The Wachowskis]]
|[[Warner Bros. Pictures]]
|$120 million
|$93.9 million
|-
|''[[The Mummy: Tomb of the Dragon Emperor]]''
|[[Rob Cohen]]
|[[Universal Pictures]]
|$145 million
|$403.4 million
|-
|''[[Gran Torino]]''
|[[Clint Eastwood]]
|Warner Bros. Pictures
|$25–33 million
|$270 million
|-
|[[The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film)|''The Curious Case of Benjamin Button'']]
|[[David Fincher]]
|Paramount Pictures<br/>Warner Bros. Pictures
|$150–167 million
|$335.8 million
|-
| rowspan="5" |2009
|[[Star Trek (2009 film)|''Star Trek'']]
|[[J. J. Abrams|J.J. Abrams]]
|Paramount Pictures<br/>[[Spyglass Entertainment]]
|$150 million
|$385.7 million
|-
|''[[Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian]]''
|[[Shawn Levy]]
|[[20th Century Fox]]
|$150 million
|$413.1 million
|-
|''[[Transformers: Revenge of the Fallen]]''
|[[Michael Bay]]
|DreamWorks Pictures<br/>Paramount Pictures
|$200–210 million
|$836.5 million
|-
|''[[G.I. Joe: The Rise of Cobra]]''
|[[Stephen Sommers]]
|Paramount Pictures<br/>Spyglass Entertainment
|$175 million
|$302.5 million
|-
|[[2012 (film)|''2012'']]
|[[Roland Emmerich]]
|Columbia Pictures
|$200 million
|$791.2 million
|}

=== 2010s ===
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
!Year
!Films
!Director(s)
!Studio(s) and distributor(s)
!Budget
!Gross
|-
| rowspan="3" |2010
|''[[Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief]]''
|[[Chris Columbus (filmmaker)|Chris Columbus]]
|rowspan="2" |[[20th Century Fox]]
|$95 million
|$226.4 million
|-
|[[The A-Team (film)|''The A-Team'']]
|[[Joe Carnahan]]
|$100–110 million
|$177.2 million
|-
|''[[Tron: Legacy]]''
|[[Joseph Kosinski]]
|[[Walt Disney Pictures]]
|$170 million
|$400.1 million
|-
| rowspan="8" |2011
|[[Thor (film)|''Thor'']]
|[[Kenneth Branagh]]
|[[Paramount Pictures]]<br/>[[Marvel Studios]]
|$150 million
|$449.3 million
|-
|''[[X-Men: First Class]]''
|[[Matthew Vaughn]]
|20th Century Fox
|$140–160 million
|$353.6 million
|-
|''[[Transformers: Dark of the Moon]]''
|[[Michael Bay]]
|Paramount Pictures
|$195 million
|$1.124 billion
|-
|''[[The Help (film)|The Help]]''
|[[Tate Taylor (filmmaker)|Tate Taylor]]
|rowspan="3" |[[DreamWorks Pictures]]
|$25 million
|$216.6 million
|-
|''[[Fright Night (2011 film)|Fright Night]]''
|[[Craig Gillespie]]
|$30 million
|$41 million
|-
|''[[Real Steel]]''
|[[Shawn Levy]]
|$110 million
|$299.3 million
|-
|[[Killer Elite (film)|''Killer Elite'']]
|[[Gary McKendry]]
|[[Open Road Films]]
|$70 million
|$56.4 million
|-
|[[The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011 film)|''The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo'']]
|[[David Fincher]]
|[[Columbia Pictures]]<br/>[[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]]
|$90 million
|$239.3 million
|-
| rowspan="6" |2012
|''[[Journey 2: The Mysterious Island]]''
|[[Brad Peyton]]
|[[New Line Cinema]]
|$80 million
|$335 million
|-
|[[The Avengers (2012 film)|''The Avengers'']]
|[[Joss Whedon]]
|Marvel Studios<br/>Paramount Pictures
|$220–225 million
|$1.519 billion
|-
|[[The Paperboy (2012 film)|''The Paperboy'']]
|[[Lee Daniels]]
|[[Millennium Media]]
|$12.5 million
|$3.78 million
|-
|[[The Amazing Spider-Man (film)|''The Amazing Spider-Man'']]
|[[Marc Webb]]
|[[Columbia Pictures]]
|$200–230 million
|$758 million
|-
|[[Rock of Ages (2012 film)|''Rock of Ages'']]
|[[Adam Shankman]]
|[[New Line Cinema]]
|$75 million
|$59.4 million
|-
|[[The Watch (2012 film)|''The Watch'']]
|[[Akiva Schaffer]]
|20th Century Fox
|$68 million
|$68.3 million
|-
| rowspan="7" |2013
|''[[Jack the Giant Slayer]]''
|[[Bryan Singer]]
|New Line Cinema<br/>[[Legendary Pictures]]
|$185–200 million
|$197 million
|-
|''[[G.I. Joe: Retaliation]]''
|[[Jon M. Chu]]
|[[Paramount Pictures]]<br/>[[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]]<br/>[[Skydance Media]]
|$130-155 million
|$375.7 million
|-
|[[Oblivion (2013 film)|''Oblivion'']]
|[[Joseph Kosinski]]
|[[Universal Pictures]]
|$120 million
|$287.9 million
|-
|''[[Iron Man 3]]''
|[[Shane Black]]
|Marvel Studios<br/>Paramount Pictures
|$200 million
|$1.215 billion
|-
|[[Her (2013 film)|''Her'']]
|[[Spike Jonze]]
|[[Warner Bros. Pictures]]<br/>[[Annapurna Pictures]]
|$23 million
|$48.3 million
|-
|[[Ender's Game (film)|''Ender's Game'']]
|[[Gavin Hood]]
|[[Summit Entertainment]]
|$110–115 million
|$125.5 million
|-
|[[47 Ronin (2013 film)|''47 Ronin'']]
|[[Carl Rinsch]]
|Universal Pictures
|$175–225 million
|$151.8 million
|-
| rowspan="6" |2014
|''[[X-Men: Days of Future Past]]''
|Bryan Singer
|[[20th Century Fox]]
|$200–205 million
|$746 million
|-
|''[[Lost River (film)|Lost River]]''
|[[Ryan Gosling]]
|[[Warner Bros. Pictures]]
|TBA
|$615,500
|-
|[[Maleficent (film)|''Maleficent'']]
|[[Robert Stromberg]]
|[[Walt Disney Pictures]]
|$180–263 million
|$758.5 million
|-
|[[Into the Storm (2014 film)|''Into the Storm'']]
|[[Steven Quale]]
|New Line Cinema
|$50 million
|$161.7 million
|-
|[[Gone Girl (film)|''Gone Girl'']]
|[[David Fincher]]
|rowspan="2" |20th Century Fox
|$61 million
|$369.3 million
|-
|''[[Night at the Museum: Secret of the Tomb]]''
|[[Shawn Levy]]
|$127 million
|$363.2 million
|-
| rowspan="4" |2015
|''[[Blackhat (film)|Blackhat]]''
|[[Michael Mann]]
|[[Universal Pictures]]<br/>[[Legendary Pictures]]
|$70 million
|$19.7 million
|-
|''[[Furious 7]]''
|[[James Wan]]
|[[Universal Pictures]]
|$190 million
|$1.515 billion
|-
|[[Pixels (2015 film)|''Pixels'']]
|[[Chris Columbus (filmmaker)|Chris Columbus]]
|[[Columbia Pictures]]
|$88–129 million
|$244.9 million
|-
|[[Eye in the Sky (2015 film)|''Eye in the Sky'']]
|[[Gavin Hood]]
|[[Entertainment One]]
|$13 million
|$35.4 million
|-
| rowspan="11" |2016
|[[Deadpool (film)|''Deadpool'']]
|[[Tim Miller (director)|Tim Miller]]
|[[20th Century Fox]]
|$58 million
|$782.8 million
|-
|[[Everybody Wants Some!! (film)|''Everybody Wants Some!!'']]
|[[Richard Linklater]]
|[[Paramount Pictures]]<br/>[[Annapurna Pictures]]
|$10 million
|$5.4 million
|-
|[[The Huntsman: Winter's War|''The Huntsmen: Winter's War'']]
|[[Cedric Nicolas-Troyan]]
|[[Universal Pictures]]
|$115 million
|$165 million
|-
|[[The Jungle Book (2016 film)|''The Jungle Book'']]
|[[Jon Favreau]]
|[[Walt Disney Pictures]]
|$175–177 million
|$966.6 million
|-
|''[[X-Men: Apocalypse]]''
|[[Bryan Singer]]
|20th Century Fox
|$178 million
|$543.9 million
|-
|''[[Popstar: Never Stop Never Stopping]]''
|[[Akiva Schaffer]]<br/>[[Jorma Taccone]]
|Universal Pictures
|$20 million
|$9.7 million
|-
|''[[Independence Day: Resurgence]]''
|[[Roland Emmerich]]
|20th Century Fox
|$165 million
|$389.7 million
|-
|''[[Free State of Jones (film)|''Free State of Jones'']]''
|[[Gary Ross]]
|[[STX Entertainment]]
|$50 million
|$25 million
|-
|[[Suicide Squad (2016 film)|''Suicide Squad'']]
|[[David Ayer]]
|[[Warner Bros. Pictures]]<br/>[[DC Films]]
|$175 million
|$749.2 million
|-
|[[All I See Is You (film)|''All I See Is You'']]
|[[Marc Forster]]
|[[Open Road Films]]
|$30 million
|$678,150
|-
|[[Passengers (2016 film)|''Passengers'']]
|[[Morten Tyldum]]
|[[Columbia Pictures]]
|$110–150 million
|$303.1 million
|-
| rowspan="6" |2017
|[[Beauty and the Beast (2017 film)|''Beauty and the Beast'']]
|[[Bill Condon]]
|[[Walt Disney Pictures]]
|$160–255 million
|$1.266 billion
|-
|[[Power Rangers (film)|''Power Rangers'']]
|[[Dean Israelite]]
|[[Lionsgate Films|Lionsgate]]
|$100‒105 million
|$142.5 million
|-
|''[[The Fate of the Furious]]''
|[[F. Gary Gray]]
| rowspan="2" |[[Universal Pictures]]
|$250–270 million
|$1.236 billion
|-
|[[The Mummy (2017 film)|''The Mummy'']]
|[[Alex Kurtzman]]
|$125–195 million
|$410 million
|-
|''[[Spider-Man: Homecoming]]''
|[[Jon Watts]]
|Columbia Pictures<br/>[[Marvel Studios]]
|$175 million
|$880.2 million
|-
|[[Thor: Ragnarok|''Thor: Rangarok'']]
|[[Taika Waititi]]
| rowspan="2" |Marvel Studios
|$180 million
|$865 million
|-
| rowspan="11" |2018
|[[Black Panther (film)|''Black Panther'']]
|[[Ryan Coogler]]
|$200 million
|$1.349 billion
|-
|[[A Wrinkle in Time (2018 film)|''A Wrinkle in Time'']]
|[[Ava DuVernay]]
|Walt Disney Pictures
|$100–130 million
|$133.2 million
|-
|[[Ready Player One (film)|''Ready Player One'']]
|[[Steven Spielberg]]
|[[Warner Bros. Pictures]]
|$155–175 million
|$607.9 million
|-
|''[[Avengers: Infinity War]]''
|[[Russo brothers|Anthony and Joe Russo]]
| rowspan="2" |Marvel Studios
|$325–400 million
|$2.052 billion
|-
|''[[Ant-Man and the Wasp]]''
|[[Peyton Reed]]
|$130–195 million
|$622.7 million
|-
|''[[Hidden Man]]''
|[[Jiang Wen]]
|Gravity Pictures
|TBA
|$85 million
|-
|[[Shadow (2018 film)|''Shadow'']]
|[[Zhang Yimou]]
|[[Tencent Pictures]]<br/>[[Well Go USA Entertainment]]
|TBA
|$91.7 million
|-
|[[Aquaman (film)|''Aquaman'']]
|[[James Wan]]
|Warner Bros. Pictures<br/>DC Films
|$160–200 million
|$1.152 billion
|-
|''[[Hello Mr. Billionaire]]''
|Fei Yan<br/>Damo Peng
|[[Alibaba Pictures]]
|TBA
|$367 million
|-
|''[[Taxiwaala]]''
|Rahul Sankrityan
|[[Geetha Arts|GA2 Pictures]]
|₹7 crore
|₹42 crore
|-
|[[2.0 (film)|''2.0'']]
|[[S. Shankar]]
|[[Lyca Productions]]<br/>[[AA Films]]
|₹400–600 crore
|₹699.89 crore
|-
| rowspan="7" |2019
|''[[NTR: Kathanayakudu]]''
|[[Krish (director)|Krish Jagarlamudi]]
|[[Vaaraahi Chalana Chitram]]
|₹50 crore
|₹32 crore
|-
|[[Captain Marvel (film)|''Captain Marvel'']]
|[[Anna Boden and Ryan Fleck]]
|Marvel Studios
|$152–175 million
|$1.131 billion
|-
|''[[The Curse of La Llorona]]''
|[[Michael Chaves]]
|[[New Line Cinema]]
|$9 million
|$123.1 million
|-
|[[Shazam! (film)|''Shazam!'']]
|[[David F. Sandberg]]
|New Line Cinema<br/>DC Films
|$90–100 million
|$367.8 million
|-
|''[[Avengers: Endgame]]''
|Anthony and Joe Russo
|Marvel Studios
|$356–400 million
|$2.799 billion
|-
|''[[Terminator: Dark Fate]]''
|[[Tim Miller (director)|Tim Miller]]
|Paramount Pictures<br/>20th Century Fox<br/>Skydance Media<br/>Tencent Pictures<br/>Lightstorm Entertainment
|$185–196 million
|$261.1 million
|-
|''[[Sye Raa Narasimha Reddy]]''
|[[Surender Reddy]]
|[[Excel Entertainment]]<br/>[[AA Films]]
|₹200–300 crore
|₹240 crore
|-
|}

=== 2020s ===
{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible"
!Year
!Films
!Director(s)
!Studio(s) and distributor(s)
!Budget
!Gross
|-
| rowspan="4" |2020
|[[The Rescue (2020 film)|''The Rescue'']]
|[[Dante Lam]]
|[[Tencent Pictures]]<br/>[[Bona Film Group]]
|$90 million
|$74.9 million
|-
|[[Sonic the Hedgehog (film)|''Sonic the Hedgehog'']]
|[[Jeff Fowler]]
|[[Paramount Pictures]]
|$85–90 million
|$319.7 million
|-
|[[Stargirl (film)|''Stargirl'']]
|[[Julia Hart (filmmaker)|Julia Hart]]
|[[Walt Disney Pictures]]
|TBA
|N/A
|-
|''[[Children of the Corn (2020 film)|Children of the Corn]]''
|[[Kurt Wimmer]]
|[[RLJE Films]]
|TBA
|$575,179
|-
| rowspan="8" |2021
|[[Chaos Walking (film)|''Chaos Walking'']]
|[[Doug Liman]]
|[[Lionsgate Films|Lionsgate]]
|$100–125 million
|$27.1 million
|-
|[[Black Widow (2021 film)|''Black Widow'']]
|[[Cate Shortland]]
|[[Marvel Studios]]
|$288.5 million
|$379.8 million
|-
|''[[After Yang]]''
|[[Kogonada]]
|[[A24]]<br/>[[Showtime Networks|Showtime]]
|$9–20 million
|$729,254
|-
|''[[Free Guy]]''
|[[Shawn Levy]]
|[[20th Century Studios]]
|$100–125 million
|$331.5 million
|-
|''[[Shang-Chi and the Legend of the Ten Rings]]''
|[[Destin Daniel Cretton]]
|[[Marvel Studios]]
|$150–200 million
|$432.2 million
|-
|[[Dune (2021 film)|''Dune'']]
|[[Denis Villeneuve]]
|[[Warner Bros. Pictures]]<br/>[[Legendary Pictures]]
|$165 million
|$434.8 million
|-
|[[West Side Story (2021 film)|''West Side Story'']]
|[[Steven Spielberg]]
|20th Century Studios<br/>[[Amblin Entertainment]]
|$100 million
|$76 million
|-
|''[[Spider-Man: No Way Home]]''
|[[Jon Watts]]
|[[Columbia Pictures]]<br/>Marvel Studios
|$200 million
|$1.922 billion
|-
| rowspan="9" |2022
|''[[The Adam Project]]''
|Shawn Levy
|[[Netflix]]<br/>[[Skydance Media]]
|$116 million
|TBA
|-
|[[Morbius (film)|''Morbius'']]
|[[Daniel Espinosa]]
|[[Columbia Pictures]]
|$75–83 million
|$167.5 million
|-
|''[[RRR]]''
|[[S. S. Rajamouli]]
|[[DVV Entertainments]]<br/>[[Pen India Limited|Pen Studios]]
|₹550 crore
|₹1,387.26 crore
|-
|''[[Fantastic Beasts: The Secrets of Dumbledore]]''
|[[David Yates]]
|[[Warner Bros. Pictures]]
|$200 million
|$407.2 million
|-
|''[[Doctor Strange in the Multiverse of Madness|Doctor Strange and the Multiverse of Madness]]''
|[[Sam Raimi]]
|Marvel Studios
|$294.5 million
|$955.8 million
|-
|''[[Thirteen Lives]]''
|[[Ron Howard]]
|[[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]]<br/>[[Amazon Studios]]<br/>[[Imagine Entertainment]]
|$55 million
|N/A
|-
|[[Black Adam (film)|''Black Adam'']]
|[[Jaume Collet-Serra]]
|[[New Line Cinema]]<br/>[[DC Films]]
|$190–260 million
|$393.5 million
|-
|''[[Black Panther: Wakanda Forever]]''
|[[Ryan Coogler]]
|Marvel Studios
|$200–250 million
|$859.2 million
|-
|''[[Ordinary Hero (2022 film)|Ordinary Hero]]''
|Tony Chan
|[[Alibaba Pictures]]
|TBA
|N/A
|-
| rowspan="7" |2023
|''[[Ant-Man and the Wasp: Quantumania]]''
|[[Peyton Reed]]
|Marvel Studios
|$276—327 million
|$476.1 million
|-
|''[[The Mother (2023 film)|The Mother]]''
|[[Niki Caro]]
| rowspan="3" |[[Netflix]]
| rowspan="2" |TBA
| rowspan="2" |N/A
|-
|''[[Extraction 2]]''
|[[Sam Hargrave]]
|-
| ''[[Hidden Strike]]''
|[[Scott Waugh]]
|$80 million
|$917,381
|-
|[[Agent (film)|''Agent'']]
|[[Surender Reddy]]
|B4U Films
|₹85 crores
|₹8.5 crore
|-
|''[[Ponniyin Selvan: II]]''
|[[Mani Ratnam]]
|[[Madras Talkies]]<br/>[[Lyca Productions]]<br/>[[Red Giant Movies]]
|₹250 crore
|₹350 crore
|-
|[[Blue Beetle (film)|''Blue Beetle'']]
|[[Ángel Manuel Soto]]
|[[Warner Bros. Pictures]]<br/>[[DC Studios]]
|$104–125 million
|$130.8 million
|-
| rowspan="6" |2024
|''[[Madame Web (film)|Madame Web]]''
|[[S. J. Clarkson]]
|[[Columbia Pictures]]
|$80–100 million
|$91 million
|-
|''[[Dune: Part Two]]''
|[[Denis Villeneuve]]
|[[Warner Bros. Pictures]]<br />[[Legendary Pictures]]
|$190 million
|$711.8 million
|-
|''[[Kalki 2898 AD]]''
|[[Nag Ashwin]]
|[[AA Films]]
|₹600 crore
|₹1,042–1,100 crore
|-
|''[[Stree 2]]''
|[[Amar Kaushik]]
|[[PVR Inox Pictures]]
|₹50–105 crore
|₹874.58 crore 
|-
|''[[Devara: Part 1]]''
|[[Koratala Siva]]
|[[N. T. R. Arts]]
|₹250–300 crore
|₹521 crore
|-
|''[[Venom: The Last Dance]]''
|[[Kelly Marcel]]
|[[Columbia Pictures]]
|$110 million
|TBA
|-
| rowspan="9" |2025
|''[[Creation of the Gods II: Demon Force]]''
|[[Wuershan]]
|[[CMC Pictures]]
|TBA
|TBA
|-
|''[[Captain America: Brave New World]]''
|[[Julius Onah]]
|[[Marvel Studios]]
|$180 million
|TBA
|-
|''[[A Minecraft Movie]]''
|[[Jared Hess]]
|[[Warner Bros. Pictures]]
|$150 million
|$816.6 million
|-
|''[[Thunderbolts*]]''
|[[Jake Schreier]]
|[[Marvel Studios]]
|$180 million
|$355.5 million
|-
|''[[Fountain of Youth (film)|Fountain of Youth]]''
|[[Guy Ritchie]]
|[[Apple Studios]]
|$180 million
|TBA
|-
|''[[The Fantastic Four: First Steps]]''
|[[Matt Shakman]]
|[[Marvel Studios]]
|$200 million
|TBA
|-
|''[[The Wizard of Oz at Sphere]]''
|[[Victor Fleming]]
|[[Sphere Studios]]<br>Warner Bros. Pictures
|$100 million
|TBA
|-
|''[[The Conjuring: Last Rites]]''
|[[Michael Chaves]]
|[[New Line Cinema]]
|$55 million
|TBA
|-
|''[[Baahubali: The Epic]]''
|[[S. S. Rajamouli]]
|Arka Media Works
|TBA
|TBA
|-
|}

=== Upcoming ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Films
!Director(s)
!Studio(s) and distributor(s)
!Budget
!Gross
|-
| 2027
| {{pending film|[[Godzilla x Kong: Supernova]]}}
| [[Grant Sputore]]
| [[Legendary Pictures]]<br />Warner Bros. Pictures
| 
| 
|}

== Television series ==
{| class="wikitable"
!Year(s)
!Title
!Network
!Ref.
|-
|2013–2020
|''[[Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.]]''
|[[American Broadcasting Company|ABC]]
|
|-
|2015–2016
|''[[Black Sails (TV series)|Black Sails]]'' (seasons 2–3)
|[[Starz]]
|
|-
|2016–2020
|''[[The Good Place]]''
|[[NBC]]
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2017
|''[[The Mist (TV series)|The Mist]]''
|[[Paramount Network|Spike]]
|
|-
|''[[Outlander (TV series)|Outlander]]''
|Starz
|
|-
|2018–2019
|''[[A Series of Unfortunate Events (TV series)|A Series of Unfortunate Events]]'' (seasons 2–3)
|[[Netflix]]
|
|-
|2019–2020
|''[[The Twilight Zone (2019 TV series)|The Twilight Zone]]''
|[[Paramount+|CBS All Access]]
|
|-
|2019–2021
|''[[Lost in Space (2018 TV series)|Lost In Space]]'' (seasons 2–3)
|Netflix
|
|-
|2020–present
|''[[Chuggington: Tales from the Rails]]''
|[[Disney Jr.|Disney Junior]]
|
|-
|2021
|''[[WandaVision]]''
| rowspan="3" |[[Disney+]]
|
|-
| rowspan="2" |2022
|''[[Ms. Marvel (miniseries)|Ms. Marvel]]''
|
|-
|''[[She-Hulk: Attorney at Law]]''
|
|-
|2023–present
|''[[Citadel (TV series)|Citadel]]''
|[[Amazon Prime Video]]
|
|-
|2024
|''[[Agatha All Along]]''
|Disney+
| 
|}

==Awards==

=== Film ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Year
!Award
!Title
!Result
!Ref.
|-
|1994
|Academy Award for Best Visual Effects
|''[[True Lies]]''
|Nominated
|
|-
|1995
|Academy Award for Best Visual Effects
|''[[Apollo 13 (film)|Apollo 13]]''
|Nominated
|
|-
|1997
|Academy Award for Best Visual Effects
|''[[Titanic (1997 film)|Titanic]]''
|Won
|
|-
|1998
|Academy Award for Best Visual Effects
|''[[What Dreams May Come (film)|What Dreams May Come]]''
|Won
|
|-
|2004
|Academy Award for Best Visual Effects
|''[[I, Robot (film)|I, Robot]]''
|Nominated
|
|-
|2008
|Academy Award for Best Visual Effects
|''[[The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film)|The Curious Case of Benjamin Button]]''
|Won
|<ref>{{cite news |last=Giardina |first=Carolyn |date=2009-02-23 |title='Benjamin Button' is VFX's Holy Grail |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/benjamin-button-vfxs-holy-grail-79676 |access-date=2011-05-30 |work=[[The Hollywood Reporter]]}}</ref>
|-
|2011
|Academy Award for Best Visual Effects
|''[[Real Steel]]''
|Nominated
|
|-
|2011
|Academy Award for Best Visual Effects
|''[[Transformers: Dark of the Moon]]''
|Nominated
|
|}
Digital Domain has also earned multiple British Academy ([[BAFTA]]) Awards for excellence in digital imagery and animation.<ref name="auto">{{Cite web |date=2018-05-07 |title=Awards {{!}} About {{!}} Digital Domain |url=https://digitaldomain.com/about/awards/ |access-date=2024-03-14 |language=en-US}}</ref>

=== Design ===
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Year
!Award
!Recipients
!Title
!Ref.
|-
|1998
|Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) Scientific and Technical Achievement Award
|Dr. Douglas R. Roble
|''Track'' (tracking software)
|<ref>{{cite web |last=(Recipient) Roble |first=Dr. Douglas R. |date=1999-02-27 |title=1998 Scientific and Technical Academy Awards: Technical Achievement Awards |url=http://www.oscars.org/scitech/1998/winners.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071208130140/http://www.oscars.org/scitech/1998/winners.html |archive-date=2007-12-08 |access-date=2011-05-30 |publisher=[[AMPAS]]}}</ref>
|-
|2001
|AMPAS Scientific and Technical Achievement Award
|Bill Spitzak, Paul Van Camp, Jonathan Egstad and Price Pethel
|''Nuke'' (compositing software)
|<ref>{{cite web |last=(Recipients) Spitzak |first=Bill |author2=Paul Van Camp |author3=Jonathan Egstad |author4=and Price Pethel |date=2002-03-02 |title=2001 Scientific and Technical Academy Awards: Technical Achievement Awards |url=http://www.oscars.org/scitech/2001/winners.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080113143101/http://www.oscars.org/scitech/2001/winners.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=2008-01-13 |access-date=2008-06-20 |publisher=[[AMPAS]]}}</ref>
|-
|2004
|AMPAS Scientific and Technical Achievement Award
|Alan Kapler
|''Storm'' (volumetric renderer)
|<ref>{{cite web |last=(Recipient) Kapler |first=Alan |date=2005-02-12 |title=2004 Scientific and Technical Academy Awards: Technical Achievement Awards |url=http://www.oscars.org/scitech/2004/winners.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080213212607/http://www.oscars.org/scitech/2004/winners.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=2008-02-13 |access-date=2008-06-20 |publisher=[[AMPAS]]}}</ref>
|-
|2007
|AMPAS Scientific and Technical Achievement Award
|Dr. Douglas R. Roble, Nafees Bin Zafar and Ryo Sakaguchi
|''Storm'' (fluid simulation system)
|<ref>{{cite web |last=(Recipients) Roble |first=Dr. Douglas R. |author2=Nafees Bin Zafar |author3=and Ryo Sakaguchi |date=2008-02-09 |title=2007 Scientific and Technical Academy Awards: Scientific and Engineering Awards |url=http://www.oscars.org/scitech/2007/winners.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080422193305/http://www.oscars.org/scitech/2007/winners.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date=2008-04-22 |access-date=2008-06-20 |publisher=[[AMPAS]]}}</ref>
|}

=== Awards ===
Digital Domain artists and technologists have been recognized with ten [[Academy Awards]]: three for Best Visual Effects (''[[Titanic (1997 film)|Titanic]],'' ''[[What Dreams May Come (film)|What Dreams May Come]]'', ''[[The Curious Case of Benjamin Button (film)|The Curious Case of Benjamin Button]]''); and seven for [[Academy Scientific and Technical Award|Scientific and Technical Achievement]] for its proprietary technology such as Track (tracking software), for Nuke (compositing software), for Storm (volumetric renderer), and for its fluid simulation system.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web |date=2018-05-07 |title=Awards {{!}} About {{!}} Digital Domain |url=https://digitaldomain.com/about/awards/ |access-date=2024-03-15 |language=en-US}}</ref>

The company's work has been nominated for eleven Academy Awards for Best Visual Effects (''[[Apollo 13 (film)|Apollo 13]]'', ''[[True Lies]]'', ''[[I, Robot (film)|I, Robot]]'', ''[[Real Steel]]'',''[[Transformers: Dark of the Moon]]'', ''[[Iron Man 3]]'', ''[[X-Men: Days of Future Past]]'', ''[[Avengers: Infinity War]]'', ''[[Ready Player One (film)|Ready Player One]]'',''[[Spider-Man: No Way Home]]'', and ''[[Free Guy]]''). In addition, its excellence in digital imagery and animation has earned Digital Domain multiple [[British Academy Film Awards|British Academy (BAFTA) Awards.]]<ref name="auto1"/>

Digital Domain's advertising division provides digital imagery and animation for television commercials, working with top commercial directors. To date, it has been awarded 21 [[Clio award|Clio Awards]], 25 [[Association of Independent Commercial Producers|AICP Awards]], 15 [[Cannes Lions International Advertising Festival|Cannes Lion Awards]] and numerous other advertising honors.<ref name="auto"/> The advertising division has also produced multiple music videos working with artists (including [[The Rolling Stones]], [[Faith Hill]], [[Creed (band)|Creed]], [[Janet Jackson]], [[Busta Rhymes]], [[Björk]], [[Celine Dion]], [[Michael Jackson]] and [[Nine Inch Nails]]) which have earned [[Grammy]] and [[MTV]] "[[MTV Video Music Award for Video of the Year|Music Video of the Year]]" Awards.<ref name="Awards Summary">{{cite web| title = Digital Domain Recruits ILM Trio | date = 2006-09-20 | publisher=VFXWorld | url=http://www.vfxworld.com/?atype=news&id=17991| access-date = 2008-06-20}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Industrial Light & Magic|Industrial Light & Magic (ILM)]]
* [[Sony Pictures Imageworks]]
* [[Wētā FX]]
* [[Wētā Workshop]]
* [[Blur Studio]]
* [[Cinesite]]
* [[Rhythm & Hues Studios|Rhythm & Hues Studios (R&H)]]
* [[Framestore]]
* [[Moving Picture Company|Moving Picture Company (MPC)]]
* [[DNEG]]
* [[Image Engine]]
* [[Lego Alpha Team (video game)]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* [[Piers Bizony|Bizony, Piers]]. (2001) ''Digital Domain: the leading edge of visual effects'', London: Aurum Press. {{ISBN|1-85410-707-0}}

==External links==
* {{Official website|http://digitaldomain.com/}}

{{James Cameron}}
{{Stan Winston}}
{{Animation industry in the United States}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:1993 establishments in California]]
[[Category:American companies established in 1993]]
[[Category:American animation studios]]
[[Category:Best Visual Effects Academy Award winners]]
[[Category:Entertainment companies established in 1993]]
[[Category:Computer animation]]
[[Category:Special effects companies]]
[[Category:Television and film post-production companies]]
[[Category:Visual effects companies]]
[[Category:Companies based in Los Angeles]]
[[Category:Companies that filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy in 2012]]
[[Category:James Cameron]]