View source for Dionigi Tettamanzi

{{Short description|Catholic cardinal}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = Cardinal
| honorific-prefix = [[His Eminence]]
| name = Dionigi Tettamanzi
| honorific-suffix =
| title = [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|Cardinal]], [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan|Archbishop Emeritus of Milan]]
| image = Card tettamanzi dionigi.jpg
| caption = Tettamanzi in 2011
| province = 
| diocese = 
| see = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan|Milan]]
| appointed = 11 July 2002
| enthroned = 14 September 2002
| term_end = 28 June 2011
| predecessor = [[Carlo Maria Martini]] 
| successor = [[Angelo Scola]]
| ordination = 28 June 1957 
| ordained_by = [[Giovanni Battista Enrico Antonio Maria Montini]] (later [[Pope Paul VI]])
| consecration = 23 September 1989 
| consecrated_by= [[Carlo Maria Martini]]
| cardinal = 21 February 1998 
|created_cardinal_by = [[Pope John Paul II|John Paul II]]
| rank = Cardinal-Priest
| other_post = [[Sant'Ambrogio e Carlo al Corso|Cardinal-Priest of Santi Ambrogio e Carlo]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1934|3|14}}
| birth_place = [[Renate, Lombardy|Renate]], [[Kingdom of Italy]]
| death_date = {{dda|2017|8|5|1934|3|14|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Triuggio]], [[Italy]]
| buried = 
| nationality = Italian
| religion = [[Roman Catholic]]
| previous_post = {{unbulleted list|[[Roman Catholic Diocese of Vigevano|Apostolic Administrator of Vigevano]] (2012–2013)|[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Genoa|Archbishop of Genoa]] (1995–2002)|[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ancona-Osimo|Archbishop of Ancona-Osimo]] (1989–1991)}}
| residence = 
| parents = 
| spouse = 
| children = 
| occupation =
| profession =
| alma_mater = 
| signature = FirmaDionigiTettamanzi.PNG
| coat_of_arms = Coat of arms of Dionigi Tettamanzi.svg
| motto = ''Gaudium et pax''<br />(Joy and peace)
}}
{{Infobox cardinal styles
| cardinal name=Dionigi Tettamanzi
| dipstyle=[[His Eminence]]
| offstyle=Your Eminence
| relstyle=[[Monsignor]]
| See=Milan (emeritus)
| deathstyle=
| image=Coat of arms of Dionigi Tettamanzi.svg
| image_size = 200px
}}
'''Dionigi Tettamanzi''' (14 March 1934 – 5 August 2017) was an Italian [[prelate]] of the [[Roman Catholic Church]], who was named a [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|cardinal]] in 1998. He was Archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Genoa|Genoa]] from 1995 to 2002 and Archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan|Milan]] from 2002 to 2011.

==Early years==
Tettamanzi was born on 14 March 1934 in [[Renate, Lombardy|Renate]], then in the [[province of Milan]], now in the [[province of Monza and Brianza]]. He was educated at the [[Minor Seminary]] of [[Seveso]] and the Seminary of Venegono Inferiore and finally at the [[Pontifical Gregorian University]] in Rome where he earned a doctorate in [[theology]]. After studying in local [[seminary|seminaries]], he was ordained a priest on 28 June 1957 by Archbishop Giovanni Battista Montini, the future [[Pope Paul VI]]. He served in the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Milan|Archdiocese of Milan]] as a pastor and faculty member at the Minor Seminary of [[Masnago]] and of [[Seveso|Seveso San Pietro]] from 1960 until 1966. He was a faculty member of the Seminary of Venegono from 1966 to 1986.<ref name=prog/><ref name=bio>{{cite web| publisher= Press Office of the Holy See | access-date = 6 August 2017 | title= College of Cardinals Biographical Notes: Tettamanzi, Card. Dionigi | url = https://www.vatican.va/news_services/press/documentazione/documents/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_tettamanzi_d_en.html }}</ref>

==Bishop==
On 1 July 1989 [[Pope John Paul II]] named Tettamanzi Archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Ancona-Osimo|Ancona-Osimo]]. He received his [[bishop|episcopal consecration]] from Cardinal [[Carlo Maria Martini]] at the [[Duomo di Milano|Milan cathedral]] on 23 September. Tettamanzi submitted his resignation as bishop on 6 April 1991<ref name=bio/> to take up a five-year assignment as Secretary-General of the [[Italian Episcopal Conference]].<ref name=pastore>{{cite news | url = https://www.avvenire.it/chiesa/pagine/e-morto-il-cardinale-dionigi-tettamanzi | language = it | access-date = 6 August 2017 | date = 5 August 2017 | title = Milano. Addio a Tettamanzi, pastore col cuore in mano | work = Avvenire }} Extensive biography.</ref>

John Paul II appointed him Archbishop of [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Genoa|Genoa]] on 20 April 1995. He helped John Paul draft his 1995 encyclical ''[[Evangelium Vitae]]'' (1995).<ref name=prog>{{cite news | work = CRUX | access-date = 6 August 2017 | date = 5 August 2017 | first = Claire | last = Giangravè | title = Progressive champion once seen as papal candidate dies in Milan | url = https://cruxnow.com/global-church/2017/08/05/progressive-champion-seen-papal-candidate-dies-milan/ | archive-date = 6 August 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170806051002/https://cruxnow.com/global-church/2017/08/05/progressive-champion-seen-papal-candidate-dies-milan/ | url-status = dead }}</ref>

At the [[Papal consistory|consistory]] of 21 February 1998, Tettamanzi was created [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|Cardinal-Priest]] of [[Sant'Ambrogio e Carlo al Corso|Ss. Ambrogio e Carlo]].<ref name=bio/> He was named to succeed Martini as archbishop of Milan on 11 July 2002.<ref>{{cite news | work = Zenit | access-date = 5 August 2017 | title = Cardinal Tettamanzi Picked to Lead Milan Archdiocese | url = https://zenit.org/articles/cardinal-tettamanzi-picked-to-lead-milan-archdiocese/ | date = 11 July 2002}}</ref>

Although thought one of the favourite candidates to succeed John Paul II in 2005, there were reports that he received few votes in the conclave.<ref name=left>{{cite news | access-date = 5 August 2017 | url = https://www.ncronline.org/news/tettamanzi-and-challenge-being-catholic-left | work = National Catholic Reporter | date = 21 October 2006 | title = Tettamanzi and the challenge of being Catholic on the left | first = John L. | last= Allen Jr.}}</ref> Tettamanzi was said to speak only Italian. He was little known outside his own country.<ref name=prog/>

In 2006, giving the opening address at the decennial conference of the Italian Catholic Church, he challenged the traditional alliance of the hierarchy with the country's conservative parties and called for more flexibility in forming alliances in contrast to the preference of Cardinal [[Camillo Ruini]], head of the [[Italian Episcopal Conference]], for [[Silvio Berlusconi]]. He said: "It is better to be Christian without saying it, than to proclaim it without being it".<ref name=left/>

In response to Pope Benedict's ''[[Summorum Pontificum]]'' of July 2007, Tettamanzi stated that the rules it presented for the celebration of the Mass in different forms did not apply to the Milan archdiocese since it uses the [[Ambrosian Rite]] rather than the Roman.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.thetablet.co.uk/article/10633 |title=Vatican to clarify motu proprio soon |publisher=The Tablet |date=17 November 2007 |access-date=17 June 2011}}</ref>

In March 2009, as required upon reaching the age of 75, he submitted his resignation,<ref>{{cite news | work = La Stampa | language =it | access-date = 9 August 2017 | url = http://www.lastampa.it/2009/03/15/blogs/san-pietro-e-dintorni/tettamanzi-ecco-le-dimissioni-1byEykiD3LqpwMyjzXywTI/pagina.html | title = Tettamanzi: ecco le dimissioni | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20110523233145/http://www.lastampa.it/_web/CMSTP/tmplrubriche/giornalisti/grubrica.asp?ID_blog=196&ID_articolo=338&ID_sezione=396&sezione=|archive-date= 23 May 2011 | url-status = live |first = Marco | last = Tosatti }}</ref> and Pope Benedict accepted it on the 54th anniversary of his ordination to the priesthood, 28 June 2011. In retirement, Tettamanzi lived at the {{ill|Villa Sacro Cuore|it}}, a retreat house of the Milan Archdiocese, in [[Triuggio]].<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.incrocinews.it/chiesa-diocesi/ora-tettamanzi-abita-a-triuggio-1.46194 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20120907170923/http://www.incrocinews.it/chiesa-diocesi/ora-tettamanzi-abita-a-triuggio-1.46194 |url-status=dead |archive-date=7 September 2012 |title=Ora Tettamzni vive a Triuggio |language=it |publisher=incrocinews |date=19 September 2011 |access-date=31 January 2012 }}</ref>

In July 2012, he was named [[apostolic administrator]] of the [[Diocese of Vigevano]].<ref>{{cite news | work= Corriere della Sera | access-date = 6 August 2017 |  url = http://milano.corriere.it/milano/notizie/cronaca/12_luglio_25/tettamanzi-vigevano-ritorno-diocesi-misteri-2011163024505.shtml | language = it | date = 25 July 2012 | title = Vigevano, la missione di Tettamanzi nella diocesi dei misteri }}</ref> He served in that post for a year.<ref>{{cite news | access-date = 6 August 2017 | url = http://www.ilcittadinomb.it/stories/Cronaca/dionigi-tettamanzi-saluta-vigevano-maurizio-gervasoni-nuovo-vescovo_1016260_11/ | date = 20 July 2013 | title = Dionigi Tettamanzi saluta Vigevano Maurizio Gervasoni nuovo vescovo | language = it | work = Il Cittadino}}</ref>

He was one of the [[Cardinal electors in Papal conclave, 2013|cardinal electors]] who participated in the [[Papal conclave, 2013|2013 papal conclave]] that selected [[Pope Francis]].<ref>{{cite news | url = https://zenit.org/articles/list-of-cardinal-electors/ | date= 12 March 2013 | access-date = 5 August 2017 |work= Zenit | title = List of Cardinal Electors }}</ref>

In 2015, at the behest of Pope Francis, he produced a study of the feasibility of creating a [[Dicastery for the Laity, Family and Life]] for consideration by the [[Council of Cardinals]].<ref>{{cite news | work = Zenit | url = https://zenit.org/articles/eleventh-meeting-of-council-of-cardinals-concludes/ | access-date = 5 August 2017 | title = Eleventh Meeting of Council of Cardinals Concludes | date= 16 September 2015}}</ref> In September 2015, Pope Francis nominated him to participate in the [[Fourteenth Ordinary General Assembly of the Synod of Bishops|Synod on the Family]] in October.<ref>{{cite news | access-date = 6 August 2017 | work = The Tablet | title = Synod Will Include 45 Francis Nominees | url = http://www.thetablet.co.uk/news/4842/0/synod-will-include-45-francis-nominees | date = 17 September 2015}}</ref> He supported, under certain conditions, admitting the divorced and remarried to the Eucharist.<ref>{{cite news | url =  http://www.ilfoglio.it/chiesa/2017/08/05/news/e-morto-dionigi-tettamanzi-147640/ | work = Il Foglio | access-date = 6 August 2017 | date = 5 August 2017 | title = Addio a Dionigi Tettamanzi, il cardinale che tentò di seppellire il ruinismo | first = Matteo | last = Matzuzzi}}</ref>

He died on 5 August 2017, after a long illness.<ref name=prog/> Cardinal Tettamanzi is buried in the [[Milan Cathedral|metropolitan Cathedral of Milan]].<ref>{{cite news | url= https://cardinals.fiu.edu/bios1998.htm#Tettamanzi | title= Tettamanzi, Dionigi | work= The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church | access-date= 9 February 2020 | archive-date= 2 May 2018 | archive-url= https://archive.today/20180502145939/http://webdept.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1998.htm%23Antonetti#Tettamanzi | url-status= live }}</ref>

==Views==
===Social relations===
In his speech on [[Ambrose|St. Ambrose]] day in 2008, he said that Muslims have the right to build their mosques in the cities of predominantly Catholic countries.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.tgcom.mediaset.it/cronaca/articoli/articolo435283.shtml |title=Tettamanzi: "Moschee nei quartieri" |language=it |publisher=Tgcom.mediaset.it |date=6 December 2008 |access-date=17 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110717030133/http://www.tgcom.mediaset.it/cronaca/articoli/articolo435283.shtml |archive-date=17 July 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref> In his speech on St. Ambrose day 2010 he defended immigrants to Italy against attempts to classify them as criminals.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ilsole24ore.com/art/notizie/2010-12-06/richiamo-cardinale-tettamanzi-tutti-190135.shtml |title=Il richiamo del cardinale Tettamanzi: non tutti gli immigrati sono delinquenti. Scarcerato Fikri |publisher=Il Sole 24 ORE |date=6 December 2010 |language=it |access-date=17 June 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | access-date = 5 August 2017 | work = National Catholic Reporter | first= John L. | last = Allen Jr. | url =  https://www.ncronline.org/blogs/ncr-today/tough-immigration-law-italy-spawns-catholic-backlash-insider-drama | date= 5 July 2009 | title = Tough immigration law in Italy spawns Catholic backlash, insider drama}}</ref>

===Remarried Catholics===
In 2008, in a letter addressed to Catholics who had divorced and remarried, he wrote:<ref name=reject>{{cite news | access-date = 5 August 2017 | date = 24 January 2008 | work = Zenit | url = https://zenit.org/articles/cardinal-church-does-not-reject-the-divorced/ | title = Cardinal: Church Does Not Reject the Divorced | archive-date = 5 August 2017 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20170805220720/https://zenit.org/articles/cardinal-church-does-not-reject-the-divorced/ | url-status = dead }}</ref>
{{Blockquote|The fact that these relationships are frequently lived with a sense of responsibility and with love among the couple and for the children is a reality that the Church and its pastors take into account. It is an error to think that the norm regulating access to Eucharistic Communion means that divorced and remarried couples are excluded from a life of faith and charity, lived within the ecclesial community.}}
He said he wanted to "establish dialogue ... to try to hear about your daily life, to allow myself to be questioned by some of your questions.... The Church has not forgotten nor rejected you, nor does it consider you unworthy. For the Church, and for me, as a bishop, you are my beloved brothers and sisters."<ref name=reject/>

In 2014, he published ''Il Vangelo della misericordia per le famiglie ferite'' (''The Gospel of Mercy for Wounded Families'') and said he anticipated allowing divorced and remarried Catholics to receive communion as long as there is no confusion about the Church's insistence on the indissolubility of marriage and there is "a restored commitment to Christian life through faithful paths that are true and serious."<ref>{{cite news | access-date = 6 August 2017 | work = L'Espresso | url = http://magister.blogautore.espresso.repubblica.it/2014/10/07/dal-conclave-al-sinodo-e-sempre-discordia-tra-i-cardinali-ambrosiani/ | date = 7 October 2014 | title =  Dal conclave al sinodo. È sempre discordia tra i cardinali ambrosiani | first = Sandro | last = Magister }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{wikiquote}}
{{commonscat}}

*[http://www.chiesadimilano.it/ Archdiocese of Milan]
{{s-start}}
{{s-rel|ca}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Camillo Ruini]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Conferenza Episcopale Italiana|Secretary-General of the Italian Episcopal Conference]]|years=14 March 1991 – 20 April 1995}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Ennio Antonelli]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Giovanni Canestri]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Archbishop of Genova]]|years=20 April 1995 – 11 July 2002}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Tarcisio Bertone]] SDB}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Carlo Maria Martini]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Archbishop of Milan]]|years=11 July 2002 – 28 June 2011}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Angelo Scola]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Ugo Poletti]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Cardinal-Priest]] of [[Sant'Ambrogio e Carlo al Corso|SS Ambrogio e Carlo]]|years=21 February 1998 – 5 August 2017}}
{{s-vac}}
{{s-end}}
{{Bishops and Archbishops of Milan}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Tettamanzi, Dionigi}}
[[Category:1934 births]]
[[Category:2017 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Italian Roman Catholic archbishops]]
[[Category:20th-century Italian cardinals]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic archbishops of Genoa]]
[[Category:Archbishops of Milan]]
[[Category:Cardinals created by Pope John Paul II]]
[[Category:Pontifical Gregorian University alumni]]
[[Category:Members of the Congregation for the Clergy]]
[[Category:Members of the Congregation for Catholic Education]]
[[Category:Members of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches]]
[[Category:People from Renate]]
[[Category:Members of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre]]
[[Category:21st-century Italian cardinals]]
[[Category:Bishops appointed by Pope John Paul II]]