View source for Doris Haddock

{{Short description|American political activist}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name                = Doris Haddock
| image               = Doris Haddock 2007.jpg
| birth_name          = Ethel Doris Rollins
| birth_date          = {{birth date|1910|1|24}}<ref name="about">{{citation|url=http://www.grannyd.com/about-grannyd.html|title=About Granny D|accessdate=2007-10-23|periodical=Run Granny Run (GrannyD.com)|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071020033521/http://www.grannyd.com/about-grannyd.html|archivedate=2007-10-20}}</ref>
| birth_place         = [[Laconia, New Hampshire]], U.S.
| death_date          = {{death date and age|2010|3|9|1910|1|24}}<ref name="death">{{citation|url=http://nhpoliticalreport.com/exclusive-granny-d-dies-at-100-years-old/|title=EXCLUSIVE: Granny D dies at 100-years-old|accessdate=2010-03-09|website=nhpoliticalreport.com|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://archive.today/20130104132212/http://nhpoliticalreport.com/exclusive-granny-d-dies-at-100-years-old/|archivedate=2013-01-04}}</ref>
| death_place         = [[Dublin, New Hampshire]], U.S.
| party               = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
| education           = [[Emerson College]] {{small|([[Bachelor of Arts|BA]])}}
}}
'''Doris''' "'''Granny D'''" '''Haddock''' (born '''Ethel Doris Rollins'''; January 24, 1910 – March 9, 2010) was an American political activist from [[New Hampshire]]. Haddock achieved national fame when, between the ages of 88 and 90, starting on January 1, 1999, and culminating on February 29, 2000, she walked over {{convert|3200|mi|km}} across the [[continental United States]] to advocate for [[Campaign finance reform in the United States|campaign finance reform]]. In 2004, she ran unsuccessfully as a [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] challenger to incumbent [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] [[Judd Gregg]] in the [[2004 United States Senate election in New Hampshire|U.S. Senate election in New Hampshire]]. At age 94 at the time, Haddock was the oldest congressional candidate in U.S. history.

Haddock's walk across the country followed a southern route and took more than a year to complete, starting on January 1, 1999, in [[southern California]] and ending in [[Washington, D.C.]], on February 29, 2000.

Haddock requested a [[name change]] of her [[middle name]] to "Granny D", the name by which she had long been known. On August 19, 2004, Haddock's request was officially granted by Judge John Maher during a hearing at the [[Cheshire County, New Hampshire|Cheshire County]] [[probate court]].

==Personal life==
Ethel Doris Rollins was born in [[Laconia, New Hampshire]], the daughter of Ethel and Carl Rollins. She attended [[Emerson College]] in [[Boston, Massachusetts]], for three years before marrying James Haddock. Emerson students were not allowed to marry at that time, so she was expelled.  She was, however, later awarded an [[honorary degree]] in 2000.<ref>{{Cite web |title=New Hampshire Historical Society |url=https://www.nhhistory.org/object/458130/haddock-doris-1910-2010}}</ref>

After marrying, she started a family; she had a daughter, Betty and a son, James Jr.. She worked during the [[Great Depression]] and was employed for twenty years as an executive secretary in the offices of the BeeBee Shoe factory in [[Manchester, New Hampshire]]. Haddock and her husband retired to [[Dublin, New Hampshire]], in 1972. Her husband later developed [[Alzheimer's disease]], dying after a ten-year struggle with the illness. At about the same time, Haddock's best friend died. During her 1999 walk across the nation, the hat that Haddock was seen in was one that belonged originally to her best friend. Haddock had eight grandchildren: Heidi, Gillian, David Bradley, William, Alice, Joseph, Lawrence, and Raphael. She also had 16 great-grandchildren:<ref>{{cite news |title=Doris Haddock Is Dead at 100; Walked for Campaign Finance Reform |work=The New York Times |date=12 March 2010 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2010/03/12/us/12haddock.html |last1=Hevesi |first1=Dennis }}</ref> Kyle, David, Jennie, Kendall, Peyton, Matthew, Richard, Grace, Justin, William, James, Beatrix, Tucker, Mathilda, Parker, and Clay.{{cn|date=March 2022}}

Haddock celebrated her 100th birthday on January 24, 2010,<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8559169.stm|title=US campaign finance activist Granny D dies at 100 |date=March 10, 2010|publisher=BBC News|access-date=10 March 2010}}</ref> and died six weeks later on March 9, 2010, at her son's home in [[Dublin, New Hampshire]], following a bout with [[respiratory illness]].<ref name="death"/>

She was a life-long member of the [[United Methodist Church]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2000/marchweb-only/46.0a.html|title=90-year-old Granny D Walks Across US to Become a Prophet and Scourge|first=Cheryl |last=Heckler-Feltz |agency=[[Ecumenical News International]] |website=[[Christianity Today]]|date=March 2000 }}</ref>

==Activist career==
In 1960, Haddock began her political activism when she and her husband successfully campaigned against planned [[hydrogen bomb]] [[nuclear testing]] in [[Alaska]] that threatened an [[Inuit]] fishing village at [[Point Hope, Alaska|Point Hope]]. The couple retired to [[Dublin, New Hampshire]], in 1972, and there, she served on the Planning Board and was active in the community.

===Campaign finance reform advocate===
[[File:Doris Haddock at the Capitol.jpg|thumb|Doris "Granny D" Haddock speaking at a podium outside the U.S. Capitol after her walk from Los Angeles to Washington, D.C.]]
After the first efforts of Senators [[John McCain]] and [[Russ Feingold]] to regulate campaign finances through eliminating [[soft money]] failed in 1995, Granny D became increasingly interested in campaign finance reform and spearheaded a [[petition]] movement. On January 1, 1999, at the age of 88, Granny D left the [[Rose Bowl (game)|Rose Bowl]] [[Tournament of Roses Parade]] in [[Pasadena, California]], in an attempt to walk across the United States to raise awareness of and attract support for campaign finance reform.

Granny D walked roughly ten miles each day for 14 months, traversing [[California]], [[Arizona]], [[New Mexico]], [[Texas]], [[Arkansas]], [[Tennessee]], [[Kentucky]], [[Ohio]], [[West Virginia]], [[Maryland]], [[Virginia]], and the [[District of Columbia]], making many speeches along the way. The trek attracted a great deal of attention in the [[mass media]]. When Granny D arrived in [[Washington, D.C.]], she was 90 years old (having begun the journey at 88 and having two birthdays en route), had traveled more than 3,200 miles, and was greeted in the capital by a crowd of 2,200 people. Several dozen members of [[United States Congress|Congress]] walked the final miles with her during the final day's walk from [[Arlington National Cemetery]] to the [[United States Capitol|Capitol]] on the [[National Mall]]. A film, "Granny D
Goes to Washington," by Alidra Solday, documents her walk across America, and was broadcast on PBS stations nationwide,  2006-2008.

In the [[2000 United States presidential election|2000 presidential election]], Haddock endorsed [[Green Party (United States)|Green Party]] candidate [[Ralph Nader]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.c-span.org/video/?159322-1/nader-campaign-rally|title=Nader Campaign Rally |website=[[C-SPAN]] |date=September 22, 2000}}</ref>

Haddock worked closely with state representative [[Betty Hall (politician)|Betty Hall]], another New Hampshire grandmother, on campaign finance reform.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2018-04-28 |title=Obituary for Betty Hall (Aged 97) |pages=4 |work=[[Concord Monitor]] |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/105012247/obituary-for-betty-hall-aged-97/ |access-date=2022-08-08}}</ref>

===Arrest at the Capitol===
On April 21, 2000, 90 year old Granny D, with 31 other Americans, was arrested for reading the [[United States Declaration of Independence|Declaration of Independence]] in the [[United States Capitol|Capitol]] and charged with the offense of Demonstrating in the Capitol Building.  It was said to be a [[First Amendment to the United States Constitution#Petition and assembly|peaceable assembly]], but the demonstrators were arrested by [[United States Capitol Police|Capitol Police]].<ref name=arrest/>

She entered a plea of guilty, then made a statement to the court reiterating "campaign finance reform" as the purpose of their demonstration.

{{quote|Your Honor, the old woman who stands before you was arrested for reading the Declaration of Independence in America's Capitol Building. I did not raise my voice to do so and I blocked no hall.

...

I was reading from the Declaration of Independence to make the point that we must declare our independence from the corrupting bonds of big money in our election campaigns.

...

In my 90 years, this is the first time I have been arrested. I risk my good name --for I do indeed care what my neighbors think about me. But, Your Honor, some of us do not have much power, except to put our bodies in the way of an injustice--to picket, to walk, or to just stand in the way. It will not change the world overnight, but it is all we can do.

...

Your Honor, to the business at hand: the old woman who stands before you was arrested for reading the Declaration of Independence in America's Capitol Building. I did not raise my voice to do so and I blocked no hall. But if it is a crime to read the Declaration of Independence in our great hall, then I am guilty.<ref name=arrest>{{citation|url=http://www.1215.org/lawnotes/lawnotes/grannyd.htm|title=A Quote To Remember - Granny D}}</ref>}}

The judge sentenced Granny D and her companions to [[time served]] and a $10 administrative fee.<ref name=arrest/>

==Post-election==
{{Unsourced|section|date=March 2022}}
"Granny D" co-authored several books with Dennis Burke. These include ''Granny D: Walking Across America in My Ninetieth Year'' (Villard, 2001), ''Granny D: You're Never Too Old to Raise a Little Hell'' (Villard, 2003), and ''Granny D's American Century (University Press of New England'', 2012). She was awarded an honorary degree by [[Franklin Pierce College]] on October 21, 2002. In 2005, she gave the [[commencement speech]] at [[Hampshire College]]. 

She was the Democratic candidate for a U.S. Senate seat in New Hampshire during the 2004 election when the leading Democratic primary candidate left the race unexpectedly (days before the filing deadline), because of a campaign-finance scandal. Haddock was, at 94, one of the oldest major-party candidates to ever run for the U.S. Senate. True to her "clean elections" ideals, Haddock funded her late-entry campaign by accepting only modest private-citizen donations. She captured approximately 34 percent of the vote (221,549), losing to incumbent Republican U.S. Senator [[Judd Gregg]], as he sought his third term. Gregg won about 66 percent (434,847) of the ballot. 

In 2007, [[HBO]] released a documentary, ''Run Granny Run'', directed by [[Marlo Poras]], about "Granny D"'s 2004 Senate campaign. In 2009, she founded [[Coalition for Open Democracy]]. Granny D continued to be active in politics to the end of her life, and celebrated her 98th, 99th and 100th birthdays by lobbying for campaign finance reform at the New Hampshire State House.

==Awards==
'''[[Key to the city]]:'''
{{div col|colwidth=20em}}
*[[Austin, Texas]]
*[[Birmingham, Alabama]]
*[[Clarksburg, West Virginia]]
*[[Davenport, Iowa]]
*[[Ferndale, Michigan]]
*[[Fort Worth, Texas]]
*[[Keene, New Hampshire]]
*[[Las Cruces, New Mexico]]
*[[Lordsburg, New Mexico]]
*[[Parker, Arizona]]
*[[Parkersburg, West Virginia]]
*[[Tombstone, Arizona]]
*[[Upland, California]]
{{div col end}}

In 2000, Granny D received a special Martin Luther King Award from the Manchester, New Hampshire-based Martin Luther King Coalition.<ref>{{cite web |title=Previous MLK Award Recipients |url=http://mlknh.org/previous_mlk_award_recipients.htm |website=The Martin Luther King Coalition |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150216052759/http://mlknh.org/previous_mlk_award_recipients.htm |archive-date=February 16, 2015 |url-status=dead}}</ref>  She was the keynote speaker for that year's Martin Luther King Day Community Celebration in Manchester.

==Electoral history==
{{Election box begin no change|title=[[United States Senate election in New Hampshire, 2004]]}}
{{Election box winning candidate with party link no change
|party = Republican Party (US)
|candidate = [[Judd Gregg]] (inc.)
|votes = 434,847
|percentage = 66.2
}}
{{Election box candidate with party link no change
|party = Democratic Party (US)
|candidate = Doris Haddock 
|votes = 221,549
|percentage = 34.7
}}
{{Election box candidate minor party no change
|party = Write-in
|candidate = 
|votes = 690
|percentage = 0.1
}}
{{Election box total no change
|votes = 657,086
|percentage = 100
}}
{{Election box hold with party link no change|winner=Republican Party (US)}}
{{Election box end}}
Source: <ref>{{Cite web|title=2004 U.S. Senate General Election|url=https://nh.electionstats.com/elections/view/52615/|url-status=live|access-date=April 30, 2021|website=NH Elections Database|publisher=New Hampshire Public Radio|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210501032811/https://nh.electionstats.com/elections/view/52615/ |archive-date=2021-05-01 }}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act]], "McCain-Feingold"
*[[Peace Pilgrim]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{wikiquote}}
*[http://www.hampshire.edu/cms/index.php?id=5477 Keynote Graduation address at Hampshire College by Doris "Granny D" Haddock]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20070928094901/http://campaignsandelections.com/nh/articles/index.cfm?id=311 Campaign Finance Bill Draw Ires in New Hampshire]
* {{imdb name|2752094}}
**{{IMDb title|id=1087525|title=Run Granny Run}}. and "Granny D Goes to Washington."
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080331005649/http://www.imow.org/wpp/stories/viewStory?storyId=110 Feature on Granny D] by the [[International Museum of Women]].
*[https://archive.today/20120317170821/http://rigidmorality.com/private/439733117/tumblr_kz257c6sQM1qbp4en December '09 Email Interview with Granny D] at ''Rigid Morality''
*[http://www.democracynow.org/2010/3/11/dorris_granny_d_haddock_1910_2010 August 2004 interview with Doris] on ''[[Democracy Now!]]''
*{{C-SPAN|80295}}
{{s-start}}
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-bef|before=[[George Condodemetraky]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] nominee for [[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]] from [[New Hampshire]]<br>([[Classes of United States Senators|Class 3]])|years=[[2004 United States Senate election in New Hampshire|2004]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Paul Hodes]]}}
{{s-end}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Haddock, Doris}}
[[Category:1910 births]]
[[Category:2010 deaths]]
[[Category:Activists from New Hampshire]]
[[Category:American anti–nuclear weapons activists]]
[[Category:American women centenarians]]
[[Category:American democracy activists]]
[[Category:Respiratory disease deaths in New Hampshire]]
[[Category:Emerson College alumni]]
[[Category:New Hampshire Democrats]]
[[Category:People from Dublin, New Hampshire]]
[[Category:People from Laconia, New Hampshire]]
[[Category:Writers from New Hampshire]]
[[Category:Candidates in the 2004 United States elections]]