View source for Draped garment

{{Short description|Type of clothing item}}
[[File:Gandhara Buddha (tnm).jpeg|thumb|right| [[Gautama Buddha|Buddha]] in draped clothing.]]

A '''draped garment''' (draped dress)<ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Tortora|first=Phyllis G.|url=http://archive.org/details/surveyofhistoric0000tort_b0e3|title=Survey of historic costume : a history of Western dress|date=1998|publisher=New York : Fairchild Publications|others=Internet Archive|isbn=978-1-56367-142-5|pages=2}}</ref> is a [[clothing|garment]] that is made of a single piece of [[cloth]] that is draped around the body; drapes are not cut away or stitched as in a [[tailor]]ed garment.  Drapes can be held to the body by means of [[knot]]ting, [[pin]]ning, [[Fibulae and ancient brooches|fibulae]], [[wrist clasp|clasps]], [[sash]]es, [[belt (clothing)|belt]]s, tying [[drawstring]]s, or just plain [[friction]] and gravity alone. Many draped garments consist of only one single piece.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Priest|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zqlKAAAAYAAJ|title=Guide to Clothing|last2=Faiola-Priest|first2=Theodora|date=1990|publisher=McGraw-Hill School Division|isbn=978-0-07-050943-6|location=|pages=55|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Beck|first=Astrid B.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4p0NAQAAMAAJ|title=Fortunate the Eyes that See: Essays in Honor of David Noel Freedman in Celebration of His Seventieth Birthday|date=1995|publisher=William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company|isbn=978-0-8028-0790-8|location=|pages=534, 540|language=en}}</ref> 

An advanced form of the garment is the '''[[tailor]]ed dress''', which is constructed from fabric that has been cut into pieces and stitched together to fit various parts of the body. In comparison to draped dresses, they are more fitted to the body.<ref name=":2" />

== History ==
Draping is a most ancient and widespread form of clothing. Many [[Roman art|visual arts of the Romans]] and Indian [[Sculpture in the Indian subcontinent|sculptures]], [[Terracotta|terracottas]], [[Cave painting|cave paintings]], and [[Wood carving|wood carvings]] (also shown in picture gallery) representing men and women show the same, unstitched clothes with various wrapping and draping styles. 

[[Uttariya]], and [[Antariya]] are few evident clothing items of draped garments from the [[Vedic period]]. [[Kasaya (clothing)|Kasaya]], another rectangular piece of the Buddhist robe, is a real example of the draped garment. Further evolved forms are Sari, and Odhni, etc.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Tripathi|first=Ratikanta|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-2AeAAAAMAAJ|title=Social and Religious Aspects in Bengal Inscriptions|date=1987|publisher=Firma KLM|isbn=|location=|pages=98|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Biswas|first=A.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pG42DwAAQBAJ&dq=vedic+costumes&pg=PT14|title=Indian Costumes|date=2017-09-15|publisher=Publications Division Ministry of Information & Broadcasting|isbn=978-81-230-2564-3|language=en}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=The history of sari: The nine yard wonder - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/fashion/buzz/the-history-of-sari-the-nine-yard-wonder/articleshow/70277974.cms|access-date=2021-01-21|website=The Times of India|date=24 July 2019 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Kumar|first=Ritu|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qYK1AAAAIAAJ|title=Costumes and Textiles of Royal India|date=2006|publisher=Antique Collectors' Club|isbn=978-1-85149-509-2|location=|pages=14, 16|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Besancenot|first=Jean|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y9LfAAAAMAAJ|title=Costumes of Morocco|date=1990|publisher=Kegan Paul International|isbn=978-0-7103-0359-2|location=|pages=198|language=en}}</ref>

The [[Kasaya (clothing)|kāṣāya]], also called ''jiāshā'' ([[Chinese language|Chinese]]: 袈裟),  consists of three pieces, with the [[Kasaya (clothing)#Saṃghāti|saṃghāti]] as the most visible part of the buddhist attire. It is worn over the upper robe (''uttarāsaṅga''). [[Kasaya (clothing)#Uttarāsaṅga|Uttarāsaṅga]] is a robe covering the upper body<ref>{{Cite book|last=Monier-Williams|first=Sir Monier|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eRwwBQAAQBAJ|title=Buddhism, In its Connexion With Brahmanism and Hinduism, and In Its Contrast with Christianity|date=2014-11-06|publisher=New York: Macmillan And Co|language=en}}</ref> that comes over the undergarment, or ''antarvāsa''. The [[Kasaya (clothing)#Antarvāsa_(Antaravāsaka)|antarvāsa]] is the inner robe covering the lower body. The latter are covered with ''saṃghāti''.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Rienjang|first1=Wannaporn|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JZf6DwAAQBAJ|title=The Global Connections of Gandhāran Art: Proceedings of the Third International Workshop of the Gandhāra Connections Project, University of Oxford, 18th-19th March, 2019|last2=Stewart|first2=Peter|date=2020-09-02|publisher=Classical Art Research Centre|isbn=978-1-78969-696-7|location=|pages=171|language=en}}</ref>

== Examples ==
{{Unsourced section|date=February 2025}}
More examples of draped clothing are:
* [[Uttariya]] an upper body garment.
* [[Adivasah]] is a loose-fitting outer garment, it is a type of [[List of outerwear|over garment]] similar to a [[Mantle (monastic vesture)|mantle]] or [[cloak]].
* [[Antariya]] a lower body garment.
*[[Angvastra]] a kind of stole.
*[[Stanapatta]] a chest band to cover the breasts.
* [[Sari]] is a draped garment of south Asia, typically wrapped around the waist, with one end draped over the shoulder, partly baring the [[midriff]].
*[[Peplos]] Long draped garment worn by women of Ancient Greece; often open on one side, with a deep fold at the top, and fastened on both shoulders.
*[[Palla (garment)]] a long rectangular piece of cloth, folded in half lengthwise and used as a cloak by Roman women.
* [[Chiton (costume)|Chitons]]
* [[Toga]]s a very long length of woolen fabric that [[Ancient Rome|Romans]] wrapped around themselves, draping it over the left shoulder and arm and leaving the right arm free.
* [[Himation]] an ancient Greek garment similar to the Roman toga.
* [[Stola]]s long full robe with or without sleeves and drawn in with a belt; it was worn by Roman women, corresponding to the [[toga]], that was worn by men. The stola was usually woollen.
*[[Thawb#Sudan|Sudanese thawb]]: Women's outer draped garment, a rectangular length of fabric, generally two meters wide and four to seven meters long.
* [[Pareo]]s
* [[Poncho]]s
* [[Cloak]]s
* [[Shawl]]s
*[[Scarf]]
*[[Matchcoat|Matchcoats]], a [[Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands|Native American]] garment similar to the ancient Greek [[himation]].

== Picture gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Statues of Vaishnavi, Varahi, Indrani and Camunda, National Museum, New Delhi.jpg|Shaktism is a Goddess-centric tradition of Hinduism. Relief statues of [[Vaishnavi (Matrika goddess)|Vaishnavi]], [[Varahi]], [[Indrani]] and [[Chamunda]]
File:Ardhanari.jpg|In Shakta theology, the female and male are interdependent realities, represented with [[Ardhanarishvara]] icon. Left: A 5th century art work representing this idea at the [[Elephanta Caves]]; Right: a painting of Ardhanarishvara.
File:Yakshini (cropped).jpg|Yakshini wearing [[dhoti]] wrap and elaborate necklace, Mauryan period.
File:Mehrauli Yakshi, 150 BCE, Mathura.jpg|The "Mehrauli Yakshi", dated to 150 BCE, Mathura.
File:Mudgarpani Yaksha, Mathura, 100 BCE.jpg|[[Mudgarpani|Mudgarpani Yaksha]], 100 BCE.
File:Yaksha Manibhadra - Parkham Mathura circa 150 BCE.jpg|[[Parkham Yaksha]], 150 BCE.
File:Door Desavatara Deogarh.jpg|Females statues wearing drapes are depicted at [[Dashavatara Temple, Deogarh|Dashavatara Temple]].
File:In Welcome of Buddha - ACCN 34-2542 - Government Museum - Mathura 2013-02-24 5941.JPG|Relief depicting men in [[antriya]] and [[uttariya]], 1st century CE.
File:Xerxes Hidush warrior 480 BCE.jpg|''[[Hindush]]'' soldier, circa 480 BCE. He wears a [[Dhoti]] and a turban. Tomb of [[Xerxes I]].
File:Mithuna, Nachna, Parvati-Tempel 2.jpg|Male and female statues wearing drapes at [[Nachna Hindu temples]].
File:Mattei Athena Louvre Ma530 n2.jpg|So-called “[[Mattei Athena]]”. Marble, Roman copy from the 1st century BC/AD after a Greek original of the 4th century BC, attributed to Cephisodotos or Euphranor. Related to the bronze [[Piraeus Athena]].
File:Pergamonaltarathena.jpg|Relief of Athena and [[Nike (mythology)|Nike]] slaying the Gigante [[Alcyoneus|Alkyoneus]] (?) from the Gigantomachy Frieze on the [[Pergamon Altar]] (early second century BC)
File:Peplos scene BM EV.JPG|A new ''[[peplos]]'' was woven for [[Athena|the patron of craft and weaving]] and ceremonially brought to dress her [[cult image]] ([[British Museum]]).
File:L'Arringatore.jpg|''[[The Orator]]'', c. 100 BC, an Etrusco-Roman bronze statue depicting Aule Metele (Latin: Aulus Metellus), an Etruscan man wearing a Roman [[toga]] while engaged in [[rhetoric]]; the statue features an inscription in the [[Etruscan alphabet]]
File:Torso femenino romano - Iponuba (M.A.N.) 01.jpg|Roman marble torso from the 1st century AD, showing a woman's clothing
File:Ipogeo di via livenza, diana cacciatrice.jpg|[[Diana (mythology)|The goddess Diana]] hunting in the forest with a bow, and wearing the high-laced open "Hellenistic shoe-boots" associated with deities, and some images of very high status Romans. From a fresco in the [[Via Livenza Hypogeum]], Rome, c. 350 AD
File:Ménade danzante, Casa del Naviglio, Pompeya.jpg|A [[maenad]] wearing a [[silk]] gown, a Roman fresco from the [[Casa del Naviglio]] in [[Pompeii]], 1st century AD
File:The Buddha attended by Indra at Indrasala Cave, Mathura 50-100 CE.jpg|Uttariya and Antriya both are visible.
File:Buddha in Abhaya Mudra - Circa 2nd Century CE - ACCN 00-A-4 - Government Museum - Mathura.jpg|A Mathura standing Buddha in "Samghati" monastic dress, circa 2nd century CE, [[Mathura Museum]]
File:Indian Museum Sculpture - Subjugation of Nalagiri, 2c, Mathura (9220813720).jpg|The Buddha in checkered monastic dress in the "Subjugation of Nalagiri", [[Bhutesvara Yakshis]], 2nd century CE, Mathura.
File:Buddha Refuses Anupama - Government Museum - Mathura 2013-02-24 5938.JPG|"Buddha Refuses Anupama", late Kushan
File:Bodhisattva Holding Lotus Flowers - Kushan Period - Govind Nagar - ACCN 76-38 - Government Museum - Mathura 2013-02-23 5730.JPG|Bodhisattva [[Avalokitesvara]] holding lotus flower
File:Goat-headed God Naigamesha Presiding Deity of Childbirth among Ancient Jainas - ACCN 15-1115 - Government Museum - Mathura 2013-02-24 6067.JPG|[[Naigamesha]] Jain god of Childbirth, 1st-3rd century CE.
</gallery>

== Present day use ==

=== Haute couture ===
Wrapped and draped dresses continue to inspire many fashion designers. [[Madame Grès]] was a well-known French couturier known for her draping art. Her most notable work are so-called floor-length draped Grecian goddess gowns.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Menkes |first=Suzy |date=2011-04-18 |title=Madame Grès as Sculptor |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/04/19/fashion/19iht-fgres19.html |access-date=2024-06-15 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

== See also ==
*[[Drapery]]
*[[Piece goods]]
*[[Poshak]]
*[[History of clothing]]
*[[Clothing in ancient Rome]]
*[[Modesty]]
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Timeline of clothing and fashion}}
{{Clothing}}
{{Textile arts}}
{{Prehistoric technology}}
{{Historical clothing}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20021130004917/http://www.idcw.org.uk/ Institute of Draped Clothes]

[[Category:Clothing by material]]
[[Category:History of clothing]]
[[Category:Textiles]]
[[Category:Costume by period]]
[[Category:Buddhist religious clothing]]