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{{short description|Dukedom in the Peerages of England and Great Britain}}
{{for|the steamship|TSS Duke of Cumberland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2023}}
[[File:Sign for The Duke of Cumberland Hotel, Harbour Street - Sea Street - geograph.org.uk - 5173289.jpg|thumb|Sign at the Duke of Cumberland hotel, [[Canterbury]]. The image is of [[Prince William, Duke of Cumberland]], victor at [[Battle of Culloden|Culloden]].]]
'''Duke of Cumberland''' is a [[British peerage|peerage]] title that was conferred upon junior members of the [[British royal family]], named after the [[Historic counties of England|historic county]] of [[Cumberland]].<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|wstitle=Cumberland, Dukes and Earls of |volume=7 |page=620}}</ref>

==History==
The [[Earl of Cumberland|Earldom of Cumberland]], created in 1525, became extinct in 1643. The dukedom was created in the [[Peerage of England]] in 1644 for [[Prince Rupert of the Rhine]], nephew of King [[Charles I of England|Charles I]]. When he died without male heirs, the title was created again in the Peerage of England in 1689 for [[Prince George of Denmark]], husband of [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Princess Anne]], younger daughter of King [[James II of England|James II]]. He also died without heirs, in 1708. Neither of these men, however, was usually known by his peerage title.

The third creation, in the [[Peerage of Great Britain]], was for [[Prince William, Duke of Cumberland|Prince William]], the third son of King [[George II of Great Britain|George II]]. Other titles granted to Prince William were ''Marquess of Berkhampstead'', ''Earl of Kennington'', ''Viscount Trematon'' and ''Baron Alderney''. Since the Prince died unmarried and without children, his titles became extinct at his death.

The titles [[Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn]] and [[Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale]] were later created in the Peerage of Great Britain.

==List of titleholders==

===Dukes of Cumberland, first creation (1644)===
{{Nobility table header|name=Duke}}
| '''[[Prince Rupert of the Rhine|Prince Rupert]]'''<br />[[House of Wittelsbach]]<br />1644–1682<br />''<small>also: [[Earl of Holderness#Earls of Holderness, 2nd Creation (1644)|Earl of Holderness]] (1644)</small>''
| [[File:Rupert of the Rhine.jpg|100px|Prince Rupert]]
| 17 December 1619<br />[[Prague]]<br />son of [[Frederick V, Elector Palatine]] and [[Elizabeth Stuart, Queen of Bohemia]]
| Never married
| 29 November 1682<br />[[Westminster]]<br />aged 62
|-
| colspan="5" |Nephew of [[Charles I of England|Charles I]], died without legitimate issue.
|-
|}

===Dukes of Cumberland, second creation (1689)===
{{Nobility table header|name=Duke}}
| '''[[Prince George of Denmark|Prince George]]'''<br />[[House of Oldenburg]]<br />1689–1708<br />''<small>also: [[Duke of Kendal#Earls of Kendal (1689)|Earl of Kendal]] and Baron Wokingham (1689)</small>''
| [[File:George, Prince of Denmark by Michael Dahl.jpg|100px|Prince George]]
| 2 June 1653<br />[[Copenhagen Castle]]<br />son of [[Frederick III of Denmark]] and [[Sophie Amalie of Brunswick-Lüneburg]]
| [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Anne]]<br />28 July 1683<br />5 children
| 28 October 1708<br />[[Kensington Palace]]<br />aged 55
|-
| colspan="5" |Husband of [[Anne, Queen of Great Britain|Queen Anne]], died without surviving issue.
|-
|}

===Dukes of Cumberland, third creation (1726)===
{{Nobility table header|name=Duke}}
|'''[[Prince William, Duke of Cumberland|Prince William]] <br />'''<small>also Marquess of Berkhamsted, Earl of Kennington, [[Viscount Trematon]] and Baron Alderney (Great Britain, 1726)</small>
| [[File:Cumberland-Reynolds.jpg|100px|Prince William]]
|26 April 1721<br />Leicester House, London<br /> son of [[George II of Great Britain]] and [[Caroline of Ansbach]]
|Never married
|31 October 1765<br /> London <br /> aged 44
|-
| colspan="5"|Also known as ''"Butcher" Cumberland'' and ''Sweet William''.
|}

===Dukes of Cumberland and Strathearn (1766)===
{{Further|Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn}}
The sole title-holder was [[Prince Henry, Duke of Cumberland and Strathearn|Prince Henry]] (1745–1790), third son of [[Frederick, Prince of Wales]]. He died without legitimate issue, when the dukedom again became extinct.

===Dukes of Cumberland and Teviotdale (1799)===
{{Further|Duke of Cumberland and Teviotdale}}
This double dukedom, in the [[Peerage of Great Britain]], was bestowed on Prince [[Ernest Augustus, King of Hanover|Ernest Augustus]] (1771–1851) (later [[King of Hanover]]), the fifth son and eighth child of King [[George III of the United Kingdom]] and [[King of Hanover]]. In 1919, it was suspended under the [[Titles Deprivation Act 1917]] and, {{as of|2025|lc=y}}, has not been restored to its titular heir.

== Family trees ==
{{Dukes of Cumberland family tree}}
{{Royal dukes family tree}}

==Contract bridge==
An historic fixed [[Contract bridge|bridge]] hand is known as the Duke of Cumberland hand. The hand also appeared in [[Ian Fleming]]'s [[James Bond]] thriller, ''[[Moonraker (novel)|Moonraker]]''.<ref>[https://www.bridgehands.com/D/Duke_of_Cumberland_Hand.htm The Duke of Cumberland bridge hand]</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==See also==
*[[Royal dukedoms in the United Kingdom]]

{{Dukes of Cumberland}}
{{British royal titles}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cumberland}}
[[Category:Extinct dukedoms in the Peerage of England]]
[[Category:Extinct dukedoms in the Peerage of Great Britain]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1644]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1689]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1726]]
[[Category:1644 establishments in England]]
[[Category:1682 disestablishments in England]]
[[Category:1689 establishments in England]]
[[Category:1708 disestablishments in England]]
[[Category:1726 establishments in Great Britain]]
[[Category:1765 disestablishments in Great Britain]]
[[Category:Dukes of Cumberland| ]]