View source for Duke of Grafton

{{short description|Title in the Peerage of England}}
{{about|the title in the Peerage of England|the British prime minister|Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox nobility title
| name              = Dukedom of Grafton 
| image             = [[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|150px]]<br />[[File:Arms of the Duke of Grafton.svg|180px]] 
| image_size        =  
| alt               =  
| caption           = ''Quarterly: 1st and 4th, France and England quarterly'' (Royal Arms of Charles II); ''2nd, Scotland; 3rd, Ireland; the whole debruised by a baton sinister compony of six pieces argent and azure.''
| creation_date     = 11 September 1675<ref name="peerage">{{cite book|last1=Collins|first1=Arthur|title=The Peerage of England: Containing a Genealogical and Historical Account of All the Peers of that Kingdom|date=1741|publisher=W. Strahan, J. F. and C. Rivington |page=62 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IkhAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA62 |access-date=11 February 2016}}</ref> 
| creation          =  
| monarch           = [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] 
| peerage           = [[Peerage of England]] 
| baronetage        =  
| first_holder      = [[Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton|Henry FitzRoy]] 
| last_holder       =  
| present_holder    = [[Henry FitzRoy, 12th Duke of Grafton|Henry FitzRoy, 12th Duke]] 
| heir_apparent     = Alfred FitzRoy, Earl of Euston 
| heir_presumptive  =  
| remainder_to      = the 1st Duke's [[heirs male]] [[heirs of the body|of the body]] lawfully begotten 
| subsidiary_titles = {{ubl|Earl of Euston|Viscount Ipswich|Baron Sudbury}}
| status            =  
| extinction_date   =  
| family_seat       = [[Euston Hall]] 
| former_seat       =  
| motto             =  
| footnotes         =  
}}
'''Duke of Grafton''' is a title in the [[Peerage of England]]. It was created in 1675 by [[Charles II of England]] for [[Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton|Henry FitzRoy]], his second illegitimate son by the [[Barbara Villiers, Duchess of Cleveland|Duchess of Cleveland]].<ref>[[William Courthope (officer of arms)|Courthope, William]], ed. (1838). ''[[iarchive:bub gb Ru4UAAAAQAAJ/page/8/mode/2up|Debrett's Complete Peerage of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland]]'' (22nd ed., p. 8). London, UK: J. G. & F. Rivington</ref> The most notable duke of Grafton was [[Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton]], who served as [[Prime Minister of the United Kingdom|Prime Minister]] from 1768–1770.<ref>Eccleshall, R., & Walker, G. (Eds.). (2002). ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=K6qEAgAAQBAJ Biographical Dictionary of British Prime Ministers]''. (p. 61). Routledge</ref>

The Duke of Grafton holds three subsidiary titles, all created in 1672 in the peerage of England: '''Earl of Euston''', '''Viscount Ipswich''', and '''Baron Sudbury'''.<ref name="peerage"/> Between 1723 and 1936 the dukes, being descended from the 1st Duke's wife [[Isabella FitzRoy, Duchess of Grafton|Isabella FitzRoy, 2nd Countess of Arlington]], also held the titles [[Earl of Arlington]], [[Viscount Thetford]], and [[Baron Arlington]]. Those titles fell into [[abeyance]] between the 9th Duke's sisters,{{sfn|Hesilrige|1921|p=414}} with the abeyance of the barony of Arlington ending in 1999.

The Dukes "created" and owned the London district of [[Fitzrovia]], so named for their family name.

The title of the dukedom refers to the [[Honour of Grafton]] in the southeast of [[Northamptonshire]], the titular village now being called [[Grafton Regis]].

The family seat is [[Euston Hall]] in [[Suffolk]], an 11,000-acre estate straddling the Norfolk-Suffolk border.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/royalty-obituaries/8444090/The-Duke-of-Grafton.html|title = The Duke of Grafton|website=Telegraph.co.uk}}</ref> The main burial places of the senior branch of the family are in and beside the parish church of Saint Genevieve at [[Euston, Suffolk]].

The Duke of Grafton is fourth in the [[order of precedence]] after the dukes of [[Duke of Norfolk|Norfolk]], [[Duke of Somerset|Somerset]], and [[Duke of Richmond|Richmond]].

==Dukes of Grafton (1675)==
[[File:Duke of Grafton coa.png|thumb|Arms of the Dukes of Grafton]]
:''Other titles (all): Earl of Euston, Viscount Ipswich and Baron Sudbury (1672)''
*[[Henry FitzRoy, 1st Duke of Grafton]] (1663–1690), second illegitimate son of [[Charles II of England|Charles II]] and the [[Barbara Villiers, Duchess of Cleveland|Duchess of Cleveland]]; 
:''Other titles (2nd–9th Dukes): [[Earl of Arlington]], [[Viscount Thetford]] and [[Baron Arlington]] (1672)''
*[[Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton]] (1683–1757), only son of the 1st Duke
**Charles FitzRoy, Earl of Euston (1714–1715), eldest son of the 2nd Duke, died young
**[[George FitzRoy, Earl of Euston]] (1715–1747), second son of the 2nd Duke, predeceased his father without issue
*[[Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton|Augustus Henry FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton]] (1735–1811), eldest son of Lord Augustus FitzRoy, third son of the 2nd Duke; [[Prime Minister of Great Britain|Prime Minister]], 1768–70
*[[George FitzRoy, 4th Duke of Grafton|George Henry FitzRoy, 4th Duke of Grafton]] (1760–1844), eldest son of the 3rd Duke
*[[Henry FitzRoy, 5th Duke of Grafton]] (1790–1863), eldest son of the 4th Duke
*[[William FitzRoy, 6th Duke of Grafton|William Henry FitzRoy, 6th Duke of Grafton]] (1819–1882), eldest son of the 5th Duke, died without issue
*[[Augustus FitzRoy, 7th Duke of Grafton|Augustus Charles Lennox FitzRoy, 7th Duke of Grafton]] (1821–1918), second son of the 5th Duke
**[[Henry FitzRoy, Earl of Euston|Henry James FitzRoy, Earl of Euston]] (1848–1912), eldest son of the 7th Duke, predeceased his father without issue
*[[Alfred FitzRoy, 8th Duke of Grafton|Alfred William Maitland Fitzroy, 8th Duke of Grafton]] (1850–1930), second son of the 7th Duke
**[[William FitzRoy, Viscount Ipswich|William Henry Alfred Fitzroy, Viscount Ipswich]] (1884–1918), only son of the 8th Duke, predeceased both his father and grandfather
*[[John FitzRoy, 9th Duke of Grafton|John Charles William FitzRoy, 9th Duke of Grafton]] (1914–1936), only son of William FitzRoy, Viscount Ipswich, died unmarried
*[[Charles FitzRoy, 10th Duke of Grafton|Charles Alfred Euston FitzRoy, 10th Duke of Grafton]] (1892–1970), eldest son of the Rev. Lord Charles Edward FitzRoy, third and youngest son of the 7th Duke
*[[Hugh FitzRoy, 11th Duke of Grafton|Hugh Denis Charles FitzRoy, 11th Duke of Grafton]] (1919–2011), eldest son of the 10th Duke
**[[James FitzRoy, Earl of Euston|James Oliver Charles FitzRoy, Earl of Euston]] (1947–2009), eldest son of the 11th Duke, predeceased his father in 2009<ref>[https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/royalty-obituaries/6432353/The-Earl-of-Euston.html Obituary Earl of Euston] – ''Telegraph.co.uk'', 25 October 2009</ref>
*[[Henry FitzRoy, 12th Duke of Grafton|Henry Oliver Charles FitzRoy, 12th Duke of Grafton]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://groups.google.com/g/peerage-news/c/YlZcnYOIPKQ|title=News from Debrett's 2011-- Marquesses, Dukes and Royal Dukes|website=Groups.google.com|access-date=1 July 2022}}</ref> (b. 1978), only son of Lord Euston

The heir apparent is the present holder's son, Alfred James Charles FitzRoy, Earl of Euston (b. 2012).<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://announcements.telegraph.co.uk/births/158305/grafton |title=GRAFTON - Births Announcements - Telegraph Announcements |date=8 March 2014 |website= |access-date=1 July 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140308220323/http://announcements.telegraph.co.uk/births/158305/grafton |archive-date=8 March 2014 |url-status=dead}}</ref>
{{clear}}

== Arms ==
{{Infobox COA wide
|image=Coat of arms of the duke of Grafton.png
|coronet = [[Coronet#British coronet rankings|The coronet of a Duke]]
|crest = On a Chapeau Gules turned up Ermine a Lion statant guardant Or ducally crowned Azure and gorged with a Collar counter-compony Argent and of the fourth.
|escutcheon = The [[Royal Arms of England|Royal Arms of Charles II]], viz Quarterly: 1st and 4th, France and England quarterly; 2nd, Scotland; 3rd, Ireland; the whole debruised by a [[Baton sinister]] compony of six pieces Argent and Azure 
|supporters = Dexter: a Lion guardant Or ducally crowned Azure; Sinister: a Greyhound Argent, each gorged with a Collar counter-compony Argent and Azure.
|motto =''Et Decus Et Pretium Recti'' (The ornament and recompense of virtue)
}}

==Family tree and simplified line of succession==
{{Dukes of Grafton family tree}}
{{Collapse top|title={{small|Line of succession (simplified)}}
<ref>{{cite book |year=2019|chapter=Grafton, Duke of |editor1-last=Morris |editor1-first=Susan |editor2-last=Bosberry-Scott |editor2-first=Wendy |editor3-last=Belfield |editor3-first=Gervase |title=Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage|volume=1 |edition=150th |location=London |publisher=Debrett's Ltd. |publication-date=|pages=1608–1614 |arxiv= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn=978-1-999767-0-5-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |year=2019|chapter=Southampton, Baron |editor1-last=Morris |editor1-first=Susan |editor2-last=Bosberry-Scott |editor2-first=Wendy |editor3-last=Belfield |editor3-first=Gervase |title=Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage|volume=1 |edition=150th |location=London |publisher=Debrett's Ltd. |publication-date=|pages=3271–3276 |arxiv= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn=978-1-999767-0-5-1}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |year=2019|chapter=Daventry, Viscount|editor1-last=Morris |editor1-first=Susan |editor2-last=Bosberry-Scott |editor2-first=Wendy |editor3-last=Belfield |editor3-first=Gervase |title=Debrett's Peerage and Baronetage|volume=1 |edition=150th |location=London |publisher=Debrett's Ltd. |publication-date=|pages=1100–1103 |arxiv= |bibcode= |doi= |isbn=978-1-999767-0-5-1}}</ref>}}
{{tree list}}
*[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|30px]] ''Charles FitzRoy, 2nd Duke of Grafton (1683–1757)''
**''[[Lord Augustus FitzRoy]] (1716–1741)''
***[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|30px]] ''Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton (1735–1811)''
****[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|30px]] ''George FitzRoy, 4th Duke of Grafton (1760–1844)''
*****[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|30px]] ''Henry FitzRoy, 5th Duke of Grafton (1790–1863)''
******[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|30px]] ''William FitzRoy, 6th Duke of Grafton (1819–1882)''
******[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|30px]] ''Augustus FitzRoy, 7th Duke of Grafton (1821–1918)''
*******[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|30px]] ''Alfred FitzRoy, 8th Duke of Grafton (1850–1930)''
********''William Henry Alfred FitzRoy, Viscount Ipswich (1884–1918)''
*********[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|30px]] ''John FitzRoy, 9th Duke of Grafton (1914–1936)''
*******''Lord Charles Edward FitzRoy (1857–1911)''
********[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|30px]] ''Charles FitzRoy, 10th Duke of Grafton (1892–1970)''
*********[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|30px]] ''Hugh FitzRoy, 11th Duke of Grafton (1919–2011)''
**********''[[James FitzRoy, Earl of Euston]] (1947–2009)''
***********[[File:Coronet of a British Duke.svg|30px]] '''Henry FitzRoy, 12th Duke of Grafton''' (born 1978)
************'''(1).''' Alfred James Charles FitzRoy, Earl of Euston (born 2012)
************'''(2).''' Lord Rafe Simon Lennox FitzRoy (born 2017)
**********'''(3).''' Lord Charles Patrick Hugh FitzRoy (born 1957)
***********'''(4).''' Nicholas Augustus Charles FitzRoy (born 1991)
***********'''(5).''' George James Hugh FitzRoy (born 1993)
*********''Lord Edward Anthony Charles FitzRoy (1928–2007)''
**********male issue and descendants in remainder
****''Admiral [[Lord William FitzRoy]] (1782–1857)''
*****''Francis Horatio FitzRoy (1823–1900)''
******''Cyril Duncombe FitzRoy (1861–1939)''
*******''Charles Francis Mark FitzRoy (1909–1994)''
********male issue and descendants in remainder
***[[File:Coronet of a British Baron.svg|30px]] ''[[Charles FitzRoy, 1st Baron Southampton]] (1737–1797)''
****[[File:Coronet of a British Baron.svg|30px]] ''George Ferdinand FitzRoy, 2nd Baron Southampton (1761–1810)''
*****[[File:Coronet of a British Baron.svg|30px]] ''[[Charles FitzRoy, 3rd Baron Southampton]] (1804–1872)''
******[[File:Coronet of a British Baron.svg|30px]] ''Charles Henry FitzRoy, 4th Baron Southampton (1867–1958)''
*******[[File:Coronet of a British Baron.svg|30px]] [[Baron Southampton|Barons Southampton]]
******''Hon. [[Edward FitzRoy]] (1869–1943)'' m. [[File:Coronet of a British Viscount.svg|30px]] ''[[Muriel FitzRoy, 1st Viscountess Daventry]] (1869–1962)''
*******[[File:Coronet of a British Viscount.svg|30px]] [[Viscount Daventry|Viscounts Daventry]]
{{tree list/end}}
{{collapse bottom}}

==See also==
*[[Viscount Daventry]] (created for [[Muriel FitzRoy, 1st Viscountess Daventry|Muriel FitzRoy]] the widow of the Speaker [[Edward FitzRoy]] the second son of [[Charles FitzRoy, 3rd Baron Southampton]]).
*[[Baron Southampton]] (created for [[Charles FitzRoy, 1st Baron Southampton|Charles FitzRoy]] the son of [[Lord Augustus FitzRoy]]).

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite book |last=Hesilrige |first=Arthur G. M. |date=1921| title=Debrett's Peerage and Titles of courtesy| url=https://archive.org/details/debrettspeeraget00unse/page/414 | location=160A, [[Fleet Street]], [[London]], England|publisher=[[Dean & Son]]|page=414}}
*Falk, Bernard. ''The Royal Fitz Roys; Dukes of Grafton through Four Centuries''. Hutchinson, 1950.

==External links==
{{Commons category|Dukes of Grafton}}
* [http://www.cracroftspeerage.co.uk/grafton1675.htm Cracroft's Peerage page]

{{Extant British dukedoms}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Grafton}}
[[Category:Dukes of Grafton|*]]
[[Category:Dukedoms in the Peerage of England]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1675]]
[[Category:FitzRoy family|Grafton]]