View source for Earl of Clanricarde

{{Short description|Title in the Peerage of Ireland}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2022}}
{{Infobox nobility title
| name              = Earldom of Clanricarde <br/>''Iarla na Clanricard''
| image             = [[File:Coronet of a British Earl.svg|150px|center]][[File:Burke (Clanricarde).png|180px|Arms of the Earl of Clanricarde]] 
| image_size        =  
| alt               =  
| caption           = '''''Arms:''' of de Burgh/Burke: Or, a cross gules in the first quarter a lion rampant sable.''<ref>{{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Bernard |author-link=Bernard Burke |url=http://archive.org/details/generalarmoryofe00burk |title=The General Armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time |date=1884 |publisher=Harrison & Sons |location=London |others=University of California Libraries}}</ref>
| creation_date     = 1543 (1st creation)<br />1800 (2nd creation)
| creation          =  
| monarch           = [[Henry VIII]]
| peerage           = [[Peerage of Ireland]]
| baronetage        =  
| first_holder      = [[Ulick na gCeann Burke, 1st Earl of Clanricarde|Ulick Burke, 1st Earl of Clanricarde]]
| last_holder       =  
| present_holder    = [[Sebastian Browne, 12th Marquess of Sligo]]
| heir_apparent     = [[Marquess of Sligo|Christopher Browne, Earl of Altamont and Clanricarde]]
| heir_presumptive  =  
| remainder_to      = 1st creation: [[Ulick na gCeann Burke, 1st Earl of Clanricarde|1st Earl's]] [[heirs male]]<br />2nd creation: [[John de Burgh, 13th Earl of Clanricarde|13th Earl's]] [[heirs male]], with remainder to heirs male of his daughters
| subsidiary_titles = Earl of St Albans ([[Peerage of England|E]]: 1628)<br />Viscount Tunbridge ([[Peerage of England|E]]: 1624)<br />Viscount Galway ([[Peerage of England|E]]: 1628)<br />Viscount Bourke of Clanmories ([[Peerage of Ireland|I]]: 1629)<br />Baron of Dunkellin ([[Peerage of Ireland|I]]: 1543)<br />Baron of Somerhill ([[Peerage of England|E]]: 1624)<br />Baron of Imanney ([[Peerage of England|E]]: 1628)<br />Baron Somerhill ([[Peerage of the United Kingdom|UK]]: 1826)<br />Baron Bourke of Bophin ([[Peerage of Ireland|I]]: 1689)
| status            = Extant (2nd creation)
| extinction_date   = 1916 (1st creation)
| family_seat       = [[Portumna Castle]]
| former_seat       = [[Somerhill House]]
| motto             = '''UNG ROY, UNG FOY, UNG LOY'''  ''(One king, one faith, one law)''<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Burke |first1=John |author-link1=John Burke (genealogist) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y11BAAAAYAAJ&dq=de+burgh+heraldry+a+cruce+salus&pg=PP202 |title=Encyclopædia of Heraldry: Or General Armory of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Comprising a Registry of All Armorial Bearings from the Earliest to the Present Time, Including the Late Grants by the College of Arms |last2=Burke| first2=Bernard |author-link2=Bernard Burke |date=1844 |publisher=H. G. Bohn |language=en}}</ref>
| footnotes         =  
}}
[[Image:Clanricarde1.JPG|thumb|200px|[[Ulick de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde|Ulick, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde]] (by the third and final creation). Ulick was also the 14th Earl of Clanricarde.]]

'''Earl of Clanricarde''' ({{IPAc-en|lang|k|l|æ|n|'|r|ɪ|k|ɑːr|d}} {{respell|klan|RIK|ard}}; {{Langx|ga|Iarla na Clanricard}}) is a title that has been created twice in the [[Peerage of Ireland]], first in 1543 and again in 1800. The former creation became extinct in 1916 while the 1800 creation is extant and held by the [[Marquess of Sligo]] since 1916.

[[Clanricarde]] (or Lord of Clanricarde) was a Gaelic title meaning ''"(head of) Richard's family"'' (also known as Mac William Uachtar/Upper Mac William) and this family were descended from [[Richard Mór de Burgh]], 1st Lord of Connacht (d.1243), son of [[William de Burgh]] (d.1205/6), founder of the [[House of Burke|de Burgh/Burke family]] in Ireland.

In 1543, [[Ulick na gCeann Burke, 1st Earl of Clanricarde|Ulick na gCeann Burke]], 12th [[Clanricarde]], was created '''Baron of Dunkellin''' ({{IPAc-en|d|ʌ|n|'|k|ɛ|l|ɪ|n}} {{respell|dun|KEL|in}}) and '''Earl of Clanricarde''' in the Peerage of Ireland. The baronial title was derived from [[Dunkellin]] which was one of the family's major baronies in [[County Galway]]. His great-grandson, the [[Richard Burke, 4th Earl of Clanricarde|fourth Earl]], was created '''Baron of Somerhill''' and '''Viscount Tunbridge''' in the [[Peerage of England]] in 1624, '''Baron of Imanney''' and '''Viscount Galway''' in the Peerage of Ireland and '''Earl of St Albans''' in the Peerage of England in 1628.<ref>{{cite book |last=Cokayne |first=G. E. |author-link=George Edward Cokayne |title=The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom Extant, Extinct, or Dormant |title-link=The Complete Peerage |publisher=[[George Bell & Sons]] |location=London |year=1889 |edition=1st |volume=2 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/completepeerage02cokahrish/mode/2up?view=theater 256-62] |language=en}}</ref> The first two titles were derived from the Earl's new residence of [[Somerhill House]] near [[Tonbridge]], Kent. Imanney (pronounced {{IPAc-en|lang|ɪ|'|m|ɑːr|n|ɪ}} {{respell|i|MARN|i}};) was derived from [[Uí Mháine|Uí Mháine (anglicised as Hy-Many)]] the largest ancient kingdom in [[Connacht]]. His son, [[Ulick Burke, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde|Ulick Burke]], the fifth Earl, was a prominent [[Cavalier|Royalist]] during the Civil War. In 1646 he was created '''Marquess of Clanricarde''' in the Peerage of Ireland. In c.1650 he also succeeded his cousin as third '''Viscount Bourke of Clanmories''' according to a special remainder in the letters patent (see below). On his death, in 1657, the marquessate and the English titles became extinct. However, he was succeeded in the Irish titles by his second cousin, the [[Richard Burke, 6th Earl of Clanricarde|sixth Earl]]. He was the son of [[The Honourable|The Hon.]] Sir William Bourke, third son of the [[Ulick Burke, 3rd Earl of Clanricarde|third Earl]]. He died without male issue and was succeeded by his younger brother, the [[William Burke, 7th Earl of Clanricarde|seventh Earl]].

His younger son, the [[John Burke, 9th Earl of Clanricarde|ninth Earl]] (who succeeded his elder brother [[Richard Burke, 8th Earl of Clanricarde|Richard]]), fought in the army of [[James II of England]] (VII of Scotland), was created by him as '''Baron Bourke of Bophin''' in 1689, deriving the title from [[Lough Bofin, County Galway|Lough Bofin]] in [[Connemara]], County Galway. He was taken prisoner at the [[Battle of Aughrim]] in 1691.<ref>{{cite book |last=Cokayne |first=G. E. |author-link=George Edward Cokayne |title=The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom Extant, Extinct, or Dormant |title-link=The Complete Peerage |publisher=[[George Bell & Sons]] |location=London |year=1887 |edition=1st |volume=1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/completepeerage01cokahrish 398] |language=en}}</ref> He was outlawed and attainted with his estates forfeited. However, in 1701, Lord Clanricarde was acquitted by Act of Parliament and restored to his estates. His grandson, the [[John Smith de Burgh, 11th Earl of Clanricarde|eleventh Earl]], assumed the ancient surname of de Burgh in lieu of Burke (or Bourke). His eldest son, the [[Henry de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde|twelfth Earl]], was created '''Marquess of Clanricarde''' in the [[Peerage of Ireland]] in 1789. He was childless and on his death the marquessate became extinct. He was succeeded in the other titles by his younger brother, the [[John de Burgh, 13th Earl of Clanricarde|thirteenth Earl]]. He was a general in the [[British Army]]. Lord Clanricarde was elected as one of the 28 original [[List of Irish representative peers|Irish representative peer]] in 1800. The same year, he was created '''Earl of Clanricarde''' (second creation) in the [[Peerage of Ireland]], with remainder, failing male issue of his own, to his daughters Lady Hester Catherine de Burgh (wife of [[Howe Browne, 2nd Marquess of Sligo]]) and Lady Emily de Burgh, and the heirs male of their bodies according to priority of birth.

His son, the [[Ulick de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde|fourteenth Earl]], was a noted politician. He was created '''Marquess of Clanricarde''' in the [[Peerage of Ireland]] in 1825. In 1826 he was also made '''Baron Somerhill''', of [[Somerhill House|Somerhill]] in the County of [[Kent]], in the [[Peerage of the United Kingdom]]. This title gave the Marquesses an automatic seat in the British [[House of Lords]]. Lord Clanricarde married [[The Honourable|The Hon.]] Harriet Canning, daughter of Prime Minister [[George Canning]] and his wife [[Joan Canning, 1st Viscountess Canning|Joan]]. His eldest son, [[Ulick de Burgh, Lord Dunkellin|Lord Dunkellin]], died in 1867. The 1st [[Marquess]] was succeeded by his second son, the [[Hubert de Burgh-Canning, 2nd Marquess of Clanricarde|2nd Marquess]], who assumed by [[College of Arms|Royal Licence]] the additional surname of Canning in 1862 as heir of his maternal uncle, [[Charles Canning, 1st Earl Canning|Charles, 1st Earl Canning]]. Lord Clanricarde later represented [[County Galway (UK Parliament constituency)|County Galway]] in Parliament as a [[Liberal Party (UK)|Liberal]]. On his death, in 1916, all the titles became extinct, except the second (1800) creation of the Earldom of Clanricarde, which passed according to the special remainder to his cousin, [[Marquess of Sligo|The 6th Marquess of Sligo]]. He was the grandson of the aforementioned Lady Hester Catherine de Burgh and [[Howe Browne, 2nd Marquess of Sligo]].

The title of '''Viscount Bourke of Clanmories''' in the [[County Mayo|County of Mayo]], was created in the [[Peerage of Ireland]] in 1629 for The Hon. John Bourke, fourth son of [[Ulick Burke, 3rd Earl of Clanricarde]]. The peerage, derived from the barony of [[Clanmorris]] in County Mayo, was created with remainder to the heirs male of his father. Lord Bourke was succeeded by his son, the second Viscount. On his death, around 1650, he was succeeded according to the special remainder by his cousin the [[Ulick Burke, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde|fifth Earl of Clanricarde]]. The titles remained united until their extinction in 1916.<ref>{{cite book |last=Cokayne |first=G. E. |author-link=George Edward Cokayne |title=The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom Extant, Extinct, or Dormant |title-link=The Complete Peerage |publisher=[[George Bell & Sons]] |location=London |year=1887 |edition=1st |volume=1 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/completepeerage01cokahrish 397] |language=en}}</ref>

Other members of the family included [[Seán mac an Iarla a Búrc|John "na Seamar" Burke]], younger son of the second Earl, who claimed the [[John Burke, Baron Leitrim|Barony of Leitrim]] and his sons [[Redmond Burke, Baron Leitrim|Redmond Burke, Lord Leitrim]] and [[William Burke, Lord of Bealatury]]. Another was [[Ulick Burke, 1st Viscount Galway|Ulick Burke]], younger son of the seventh Earl, who was created [[Viscount Galway]] in 1687.

==Earls of Clanricarde; First creation (1543)==
:''Other titles: Baron of Dunkellin (Ireland, 1543)''
*[[Ulick nagCeann Burke, 1st Earl of Clanricarde|Ulick nagCeann Burke (de Burgh), 1st Earl of Clanricarde]] (died 1544)
*[[Richard Burke, 2nd Earl of Clanricarde]] (died 1582)
*[[Ulick Burke, 3rd Earl of Clanricarde]] (died 1601)
*[[Richard Burke, 4th Earl of Clanricarde]] (died 1635) (created '''Earl of St Albans''' in 1628)
:''Other titles (4th Earl onwards): Earl of St Albans (England, 1628); Viscount Tunbridge (England, 1624); Viscount Galway (Ireland, 1628); Baron of Somerhill (England, 1624); and Baron of Imanney (Ireland, 1628)''
*[[Ulick Burke, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde|Ulick Burke, 5th Earl of Clanricarde, 2nd Earl of St Albans]] (died 1657) (created '''Marquess of Clanricarde''' in 1646)

==Marquess of Clanricarde; First creation (1646)==
:''Other titles: Earl of Clanricarde (Ireland, 1543); Earl of St Albans (England, 1628); Viscount Tunbridge (England, 1624); Viscount Galway (Ireland, 1628); Viscount Bourke of Clanmories (Ireland, 1629); Baron of Dunkellin (Ireland, 1543); Baron of Somerhill (England, 1624); Baron of Imanney (Ireland, 1628)''
*[[Ulick Burke, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde]] (died and extinct in 1657)

==Earls of Clanricarde; First creation (1543; Reverted)==
:''Other titles: Viscount Bourke of Clanmories (Ireland, 1629); Baron of Dunkellin (Ireland, 1543)''
*[[Richard Burke, 6th Earl of Clanricarde]]  (died 1666)
*[[William Burke, 7th Earl of Clanricarde]] (died 1687)
*[[Richard Burke, 8th Earl of Clanricarde]] (died 1704)
*[[John Burke, 9th Earl of Clanricarde]] (1642–1722) (created '''Baron Bourke of Bophin''' in 1689)
:''Other titles (9th Earl onwards): Baron Bourke of Bophin (Ireland, 1689)''
*[[Michael Burke, 10th Earl of Clanricarde]] (died 1726)
*[[John Smith de Burgh, 11th Earl of Clanricarde|John Smith (Burke) de Burgh, 11th Earl of Clanricarde]] (1720–1782)
*[[Henry de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde|Henry de Burgh, 12th Earl of Clanricarde]] (1743–1797) (created '''Marquess of Clanricarde''' in 1789)

==Marquess of Clanricarde; Second creation (1789)==
:''Other titles: Earl of Clanricarde (Ireland, 1543); Viscount Bourke of Clanmories (Ireland, 1629); Baron of Dunkellin (Ireland, 1543); and Baron Bourke of Bophin (Ireland, 1689)''
*[[Henry de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde]] (1743–1797)

==Earls of Clanricarde; First creation (1543; Reverted)==
:''Other titles: Viscount Bourke of Clanmories (Ireland, 1629); Baron of Dunkellin (Ireland, 1543); and Baron Bourke of Bophin (Ireland, 1689)''
*[[John de Burgh, 13th Earl of Clanricarde|John de Burgh, 13th and 1st Earl of Clanricarde]] (1744–1808) (created '''Earl of Clanricarde''' in 1800)
:''Other titles (13th Earl onwards): Earl of Clanricarde (Ireland, 1800)''
*[[Ulick de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde|Ulick de Burgh, 14th and 2nd Earl of Clanricarde]] (1802–1874) (created '''Marquess of Clanricarde''' in 1825)

==Marquess of Clanricarde; Third creation (1825)==
:''Other titles: Earl of Clanricarde (Ireland, 1543); Earl of Clanricarde (Ireland, 1800); Viscount Bourke of Clanmories (Ireland, 1629); Baron of Dunkellin (Ireland, 1543); Baron Bourke of Bophin (Ireland, 1689); and Baron Somerhill, of Somerhill in the County of Kent (UK, 1826)''
*[[Ulick de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde|Ulick de Burgh, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde, 14th and 2nd Earl of Clanricarde]] (1802–1874)
**[[Ulick de Burgh, Lord Dunkellin|Ulick Canning de Burgh, Lord Dunkellin]] (1827–1867)
*[[Hubert de Burgh-Canning, 2nd Marquess of Clanricarde|Hubert de Burgh-Canning, 2nd Marquess of Clanricarde, 15th and 3rd Earl of Clanricarde]] (1832–1916)

== Earls of Clanricarde; Second creation (1800; Reverted)==
:''Other titles: see [[Marquess of Sligo]]''
*[[George Browne, 6th Marquess of Sligo|George Ulick Browne, 6th Marquess of Sligo, 4th Earl of Clanricarde]] (1856–1935)
*[[Ulick de Burgh Browne, 7th Marquess of Sligo|Ulick de Burgh Browne, 7th Marquess of Sligo, 5th Earl of Clanricarde]] (1898–1941)
*[[Arthur Browne, 8th Marquess of Sligo|Arthur Howe Browne, 8th Marquess of Sligo, 6th Earl of Clanricarde]] (1867–1951)
*[[Terence Browne, 9th Marquess of Sligo|Terence Morris Browne, 9th Marquess of Sligo, 7th Earl of Clanricarde]] (1873–1952)
*[[Denis Browne, 10th Marquess of Sligo|Denis Edward Browne, 10th Marquess of Sligo, 8th Earl of Clanricarde]] (1908–1991)
*[[Jeremy Browne, 11th Marquess of Sligo|Jeremy Ulick Browne, 11th Marquess of Sligo, 9th Earl of Clanricarde]] (1939–2014)
*[[Sebastian Browne, 12th Marquess of Sligo|Sebastian Ulick Browne, 12th Marquess of Sligo, 10th Earl of Clanricarde]] (b. 1964)

The [[heir apparent]] is the present holder's son Christopher Ulick Browne, Earl of Altamont and Clanricarde (b. 1988)

== Viscounts Bourke of Clanmories (1629)==
*John Bourke, 1st Viscount Bourke of Clanmories (d. 1635)
*Thomas Bourke, 2nd Viscount Bourke of Clanmories (d. c.1650)
*[[Ulick Burke, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde|Ulick Burke, 1st Marquess of Clanricarde, 5th Earl of Clanricarde, 3rd Viscount Bourke of Clanmories]] (d. 1657)
*[[Richard Burke, 6th Earl of Clanricarde|Richard Burke, 6th Earl of Clanricarde, 4th Viscount Bourke of Clanmories]]  (d. 1666)
''see above for further Viscounts Bourke of Clanmories''

==See also==
*[[House of Burgh]], an [[Anglo-Normans|Anglo-Norman]] and [[Hiberno-Norman]] dynasty founded in 1193
*[[Clanricarde]] (Mac William Uachtar/Upper Mac William) or Galway (Upper Connaught) Burkes
*[[Marquess of Sligo]]
*[[Viscount Galway]], viscountcy created in the Peerage of Ireland in 1628 and 1687
*[[John Burke, Baron Leitrim|Baron Leitrim]], barony created in the Peerage of Ireland

==References==
===Citations===
{{reflist}}

===Bibliography===
* {{Cite book |last1=Burke |first1=John |author-link1=John Burke (genealogist) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y11BAAAAYAAJ&dq=de+burgh+heraldry+a+cruce+salus&pg=PP202|title=Encyclopædia of Heraldry: Or General Armory of England, Scotland, and Ireland, Comprising a Registry of All Armorial Bearings from the Earliest to the Present Time, Including the Late Grants by the College of Arms |last2=Burke |first2=Bernard |author-link2=Bernard Burke |date=1844 |publisher=H. G. Bohn |language=en}}
* {{Cite book |last=Burke |first=Bernard |author-link=Bernard Burke |url=http://archive.org/details/generalarmoryofe00burk |title=The General Armory of England, Scotland, Ireland, and Wales; comprising a registry of armorial bearings from the earliest to the present time |date=1884 |publisher=Harrison & Sons |location=London |others=University of California Libraries |language=en}}
* {{cite book |last=Cokayne |first=G. E. |author-link=George Edward Cokayne |title=The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain, and the United Kingdom Extant, Extinct, or Dormant |title-link=The Complete Peerage |publisher=[[George Bell & Sons]] |location=London |year=1887–98 |edition=1st |language=en}}

==External links==
* {{Rayment|date=February 2012}}

{{Kingdom of Ireland|state=collapsed}}
{{portal bar|Ireland|England |Biography}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Clanricarde}}
[[Category:Earldoms in the Peerage of Ireland]]
[[Category:Extinct earldoms in the Peerage of Ireland]]
[[Category:House of Burgh]]
[[Category:Browne family (Anglo-Irish aristocracy)|Clanricarde]]
[[Category:1543 establishments in Ireland]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1543]]
[[Category:Noble titles created in 1800]]
[[Category:Peerages created with special remainders]]
[[Category:Earls of Clanricarde| ]]