View source for Egg foo young

{{Short description|Omelette dish}}
{{Infobox food
| name             = Egg foo young
| image            = Efy.JPG
| caption          = Pork egg foo young with brown gravy
| alternate_name   = Egg fooyung, egg foo yong, egg foo yung, egg fu yung, or fu yung hai
| country          = [[China]] 
| region           = [[Guangdong]]
| creator          = 
| type             = Meal
| served           = Hot
| main_ingredient  = [[Egg (food)|Eggs]], meat, [[bean sprout]]s, [[bamboo shoots]], [[cabbage]], [[spring onion]]s, [[Edible mushroom|mushrooms]], and [[Eleocharis dulcis|water chestnut]]s
| variations       = roast [[pork]], [[Shrimp and prawn as food|shrimp]], [[Chicken as food|chicken]], [[beef]], or [[Lobster meat|lobster]]
| calories         = 
| other            = 
}}
{{Chinese
| title = '''Egg foo young'''
| c = [[wikt:芙|芙]][[wikt:蓉|蓉]][[wikt:蛋|蛋]]
| p = fúróngdàn
| j = fu<sup>4</sup> jung<sup>4</sup> daan<sup>6*2</sup>
| mi = {{IPAc-cmn|f|u|2|.|r|ong|2|.|d|an|4}}
| w = {{tonesup|fu2-jung2-tan4}}
| y = fùh'yùhngdáan
| ci = {{IPAc-yue|f|u|4|.|j|ung|4|.|d|aan|2}}
| bpmf = ㄈㄨˊ ㄖㄨㄥˊ ㄉㄢˋ
}}

'''Egg foo young''' ({{zh|c=芙蓉蛋|p = fúróngdàn| j=fu<sup>4</sup> jung<sup>4</sup> daan<sup>6*2</sup>}} (literally meaning "hibiscus egg"), also spelled with '''fu''' and '''yong''' or '''yung''') is an [[omelette]] dish found in [[Chinese cuisine]].<ref name="DT060108">{{cite news |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3622178/Spare-ribs-egg-foo-yung-chop-suey-and-plenty-of-fried-rice-how-to-murder-a-Chinese.html |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/comment/personal-view/3622178/Spare-ribs-egg-foo-yung-chop-suey-and-plenty-of-fried-rice-how-to-murder-a-Chinese.html |archive-date=2022-01-12 |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |title=Spare ribs, egg foo-yung, chop-suey and plenty of fried rice: how to murder a Chinese |newspaper=[[The Daily Telegraph]] |date=8 January 2006 |first=David |last=Tang}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="nyt-2004sep22">{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2004/09/22/dining/as-allamerican-as-egg-foo-yong.html |title=As All-American as Egg Foo Yong |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=22 September 2004 |first=Michael |last=Luo}}</ref><ref name="wellfed">{{cite web |url=http://meljoulwan.com/2013/04/20/egg-foo-yong/ |title=The Egg Foo Yong Story |date=20 April 2013 |website=Well Fed |first=Melissa |last=Joulwan}}</ref>
The name comes from the [[Cantonese language]].

[[File:Nasi Fuyong Hai.jpg|thumb|right|[[Chinese Indonesian cuisine|Chinese Indonesian]] fu yung hai, [[cap cai]] and rice]]

== Preparation ==
The dish originates in the southern Chinese coastal province of [[Guangdong]], which was known as Canton. Most versions which are found today are a Cantonese hybrid both in the United States and Asia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Celebrating egg foo young, the classic Chinese-American dish with a bad rap |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/dining/craving/ct-food-egg-foo-young-recipe-chinese-american-0228-story.html |access-date=2022-07-22 |website=Chicago Tribune|date=26 February 2018 }}</ref>

Literally meaning "Hibiscus egg", this dish is prepared with beaten [[Egg as food|eggs]] and most often made with various vegetables such as [[bean sprout]]s, [[bamboo shoots]], sliced [[cabbage]], [[spring onion]]s, [[Edible mushroom|mushrooms]], and [[Eleocharis dulcis|water chestnut]]s.<ref>{{cite web |title=Mushroom Egg Foo Yung Recipe |url=http://en.recidemia.com/wiki/Mushroom_Egg_Foo_Yung |website=Recidemia |date=13 August 2012 |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |access-date=24 July 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006155009/http://en.recidemia.com/wiki/Mushroom_Egg_Foo_Yung |archive-date=6 October 2015 |url-status=dead }}</ref> When meat is used as an ingredient, a choice of roast [[pork]], [[Shrimp and prawn as food|shrimp]], [[Chicken as food|chicken]], [[beef]], or [[Lobster meat|lobster]] may be offered.

In [[Chinese Indonesian cuisine]], it is known as ''fu yung hai'' ({{lang|zh|芙蓉蟹}}, literally "Hibiscus crab"), sometimes spelled ''pu yung hai''. The [[omelette]] is usually made from a mixture of vegetables such as [[carrot]]s, bean sprouts, and cabbages, mixed with meats such as [[crab meat]], shrimp, or minced chicken. The dish is often served in [[sweet and sour sauce]] with [[pea]]s.

In Western countries, the dish usually appears as a well-folded omelette with the non-egg ingredients embedded in the egg mixture. It may be covered in or served with [[sauce]] or [[gravy]]. Chinese chefs in the [[United States]], at least as early as the 1930s, created a pancake filled with eggs, vegetables, and meat or seafood.<ref name=wellfed /> In a U.S. regional variation, many American-Chinese restaurants in [[St.&nbsp;Louis, Missouri]], serve what is called a [[St.&nbsp;Paul sandwich]], which is an egg foo young patty served with [[mayonnaise]], [[dill pickle]], and sometimes [[lettuce]] and [[tomato]] between two slices of white bread.

In the Netherlands, where Chinese food is influenced by Chinese-Indonesian cuisine, it is known as ''Foeyonghai'', and is usually served with a sweet tomato sauce.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.keukenliefde.nl/zelfgemaakte-foe-yong-hai/ |title=Zelfgemaakte foe yong hai |date=29 April 2014 |website=Keuken Liefde (blog) |first=Annemiek |last=Verweij |trans-title=Homemade egg foo young |language=nl}}</ref>
Strictly, according to ''hai'' in the name, it should contain crab, but it is often served without this ingredient.

== Comparison ==
The [[Vietnamese cuisine|Vietnamese]] dish ''[[chả trứng hấp]]'' is similar to egg foo young.<ref>{{cite web|title=Vietnamese Steamed Egg....| website=[[YouTube]] | date=7 August 2015 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K6n5VcrWw-M |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211212/K6n5VcrWw-M| archive-date=2021-12-12 |url-status=live|access-date=27 August 2016}}{{cbignore}}</ref>

In [[Japanese Chinese cuisine]], the dish ''kani-tama'' (かに玉 or 蟹玉) is similar, using crab meat instead of ham or other meats. Egg foo yung or kani-tama on plain rice draped with thick savory sauce is called ''[[Tenshin-han]]'' (天津飯, ''Tianjin rice''), even though no such dish is known in the actual Chinese city of [[Tianjin]].

In [[Malay cuisine]], it is similar to ''telur bungkus'', which literally means "wrapped egg" (the wrap usually contains chicken or beef, onions, mushrooms, vegetables, and gravy, wrapped inside the egg).

In [[Chinese Thai]] cuisine, this dish is called ''Khai Chiao Yat Sai'' ({{lang|th|ไข่เจียวยัดไส้}}),{{Citation needed|date=September 2020}} which literally means "stuffed fried egg". The common recipe uses minced pork and shredded [[spring onion]].

== See also ==
{{Portal|Food|China|Indonesia}}
* [[Chinese steamed eggs]]
* [[Okonomiyaki]]
* [[List of egg dishes]]
* [[List of onion dishes]]
* [[List of vegetable dishes]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Cantonese cuisine}}
{{Indonesian cuisine}}
{{Omelettes}}

[[Category:American Chinese cuisine]]
[[Category:Australian Chinese cuisine]]
[[Category:Canadian Chinese cuisine]]
[[Category:New Zealand Chinese cuisine]]
[[Category:Cantonese cuisine]]
[[Category:Polynesian Chinese cuisine]]
[[Category:Chinese egg dishes]]
[[Category:Indonesian Chinese cuisine]]
[[Category:Omelettes]]