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{{Short description|Market featuring foods sold directly by farmers to consumers}}
{{Redirect|Greenmarket|the market in refurbished, used, etc. products|green marketing}}
{{About|the commercial enterprise}}
[[File:Farmers and Artisans Market at Farmington - Michigan.jpg|thumb|An autumn farmers' market in [[Farmington, Michigan]]]]
[[Image:Layyah fruit vegetable market.jpg|thumb|A farmers' market at twilight in [[Layyah District|Layyah, Pakistan]]]]
[[File:Blueberries in montreal.jpg|alt=4 liters of blueberries in wooden baskets|thumb|Blueberries in late July 2023 at the Jean Talon Market in Montreal]]
A '''farmers' market''' (or '''farmers market''' according to the [[AP stylebook]],<ref>{{Cite web|date=30 April 2014|title=AP Style tip: farmers market or farmer's market?|url=https://twitter.com/apstylebook/status/461495517680504832|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210903223546/https://twitter.com/apstylebook/status/461495517680504832|archive-date=3 September 2021|access-date=30 January 2022|website=[[Twitter]]|publisher=[[AP Stylebook]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=30 April 2014|title=AP Style tip: farmers market or farmer's market?|url=https://www.facebook.com/apstylebook/posts/ap-style-tip-farmers-market-or-farmers-market-we-prefer-farmers-market-as-a-desc/718880441468378/|access-date=30 January 2022|website=[[Facebook]]|publisher=[[AP Stylebook]]}}</ref> also '''farmer's market''' in the [[Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary|Cambridge Dictionary]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=30 January 2022|title=FARMER'S MARKET {{!}} meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary|url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/farmer-s-market?q=farmer%27s+market|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220130152557/https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/farmer-s-market?q=farmer%27s+market|archive-date=30 January 2022|access-date=30 January 2022|website=[[Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary|Cambridge Dictionary]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=30 January 2022|title=MARKET {{!}} meaning in the Cambridge English Dictionary|url=https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/market|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120225233/https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/market|archive-date=20 January 2022|access-date=30 January 2022|website=[[Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary|Cambridge Dictionary]]}}</ref>) is a physical retail [[marketplace]] intended to sell foods directly by [[farmer]]s to consumers. Farmers' markets may be indoors or outdoors and typically consist of [[Food booth|booths]], tables or stands where farmers sell their produce, live [[livestock|animal]]s and [[plant]]s, and sometimes prepared foods and beverages. Farmers' markets exist in many countries worldwide and reflect the local culture and economy. The size of the market may be just a few stalls or it may be as large as several city blocks. Due to their nature, they tend to be less rigidly regulated than retail produce shops.<ref name="cbc1" />

They are distinguished from [[Marketplaces#Types|public market]]s, which are generally housed in permanent structures, open year-round, and offer a variety of non-farmer/non-producer vendors, packaged foods and non-food products.<ref name="Michigan State University">{{cite web |last=Bell |first=Randy |date=29 August 2013 |title=Public markets differ from farmers markets |url=http://msue.anr.msu.edu/news/public_markets_differ_from_farmers_markets |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180226200703/http://msue.anr.msu.edu/news/public_markets_differ_from_farmers_markets |archive-date=26 February 2018 |access-date=11 January 2021 |website=MSU Extension |publisher=Michigan State University }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=The Difference Between Public Markets and Farmers Markets |url=http://www.7thstreetpublicmarket.com/2012/the-difference-between-public-markets-and-farmers-markets/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140407084411/http://www.7thstreetpublicmarket.com/2012/the-difference-between-public-markets-and-farmers-markets/ |archive-date=7 April 2014 |access-date= |website= |publisher=7th Street Public Market |location=Charlotte, NC USA}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Wildmarkt.jpg|thumb|''Auf dem Vogelmarkt''<br />(women offering hares and wild birds), 18th-19th century]]
[[File:Drawing by Marguerite Martyn of Soulard Market, St. Louis, in 1912.jpg|thumb|Drawing by [[Marguerite Martyn]] of [[Soulard Farmers Market]], St. Louis, Missouri, in 1912]]
The current concept of a farmers' market is similar to past concepts, but different in relation to other forms – as aspects of consumer [[retailing]], overall, continue to shift over time. Similar forms existed before the [[Industrial Age]], but often formed part of broader markets, where suppliers of food and other goods gathered to retail their wares. [[Trading post]]s began in 1930s, a shift toward retailers who sold others' products more than their own. [[General stores]] and [[grocery stores]] continued that specialization trend in retailing, optimizing the consumer experience,<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Pyle |first=Jane |date=1971 |title=Farmers' Markets in the United States: Functional Anachronisms |journal=Geographical Review |volume=61 |issue=2 |pages=167–197 |doi=10.2307/213994 |jstor=213994 |bibcode=1971GeoRv..61..167P |issn=0016-7428}}</ref> while abstracting it further from production and from production's growing complexities.{{Citation needed|date=February 2021}}

Modern industrial food production's advantages over prior methods depend largely on modern, cheap, fast [[transport]] and limited product variability.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Center for a Livable Future |date= |title=Industrialization of Agriculture |url=http://www.foodsystemprimer.org/food-production/industrialization-of-agriculture/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603174849/http://www.foodsystemprimer.org/food-production/industrialization-of-agriculture |archive-date=3 June 2020 |access-date=27 May 2020 |website=Food System Primer |publisher=[[Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health]] |language=en }}</ref> But transport costs and delays cannot be eliminated. So where distance strained industrial suppliers' reach, where consumers had strong preference for local variety, farmers' markets remained competitive with other forms of food retail. Starting in the mid-2000s, [[consumer demand]] for foods that are fresher (spend less time in transit) and for foods with more variety—has led to growth of farmers' markets as a food-retailing mechanism.

==Benefits==
{{See also|Impact of farmers' markets on economies within the United States}}

===To farmers===
Farmers' markets can offer farmers increased profit over selling to wholesalers, food processors, or large grocery firms. By selling directly to consumers, produce often needs less transport, less handling, less refrigeration and less time in storage. By selling in an outdoor market, the cost of land, buildings, lighting and air-conditioning is also reduced or eliminated. Farmers may also retain profit on produce not sold to consumers, by selling the excess to canneries and other food-processing firms. At the market, farmers can retain the full premium for part of their produce, instead of only a processor's wholesale price for the entire lot. However, other economists say "there are relatively few benefits in terms of energy efficiency, quality or cost ... fun though they are, are not good economic models."<ref>{{Cite podcast |url=https://www.npr.org/2013/03/18/174665719/local-food-may-feel-good-but-it-doesnt-pay |title=Local Food May Feel Good, But It Doesn't Pay |website=All Things Considered |publisher=[[National Public Radio]] |host= |last=Allington |first=Adam |date=18 March 2013 |time=3:00 PM ET |access-date= |archive-date=7 September 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180907110328/https://www.npr.org/2013/03/18/174665719/local-food-may-feel-good-but-it-doesnt-pay |url-status=live }}</ref>

Some farmers prefer the simplicity, immediacy, transparency and independence of selling direct to consumers.  One method noted by the [[special interest group]] [[Food Empowerment Project]] promotes [[community-supported agriculture]] programs (CSAs).<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Farmers' Markets |url=http://www.foodispower.org/farmers-markets/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190327172904/http://foodispower.org/farmers-markets/ |archive-date=27 March 2019 |access-date=14 July 2017 |website=Food Empowerment Project |publisher= |location=Cotati, CA }}</ref>  In this scheme, consumers pay farms seasonally or monthly to receive weekly or biweekly boxes of produce.  Alternatively, they may be required to pay for an entire season's worth of produce in advance of the growing season. In either case, consumers risk losing their money if there is a crop failure.<ref>{{Cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Program: Farmers markets, mobile markets, and CSAs |url=https://foodcommunitybenefit.noharm.org/resources/implementation-strategy/program-farmers-markets-mobile-markets-and-csas |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190814205603/https://foodcommunitybenefit.noharm.org/resources/implementation-strategy/program-farmers-markets-mobile-markets-and-csas |archive-date=14 August 2019 |access-date=27 May 2020 |website=Healthy food playbook |publisher=Health Care Without Harm }}</ref>

===To communities===
Among the benefits often touted for communities with farmers' markets:

* Farmers' markets help maintain important social ties, linking rural and urban populations and even close neighbors in mutually rewarding exchange.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Robinson |first1=Jennifer Meta |url= |title=The farmers' market book: growing food, cultivating community |last2=Hartenfeld |first2=J. A. |publisher=Quarry Books/Indiana University Press |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-253-21916-9 |location=Bloomington, IN |pages= |oclc=}}</ref>
* market traffic generates traffic for nearby businesses
* buying at markets encourages attention to the surrounding area and ongoing activities
* by providing outlets for 'local' products, farmers' markets help create distinction and uniqueness, which can increase pride and encourage visitors to return.
Reduced transport, storage, and refrigeration can benefit communities too:
* lower transport & refrigeration energy costs
* lower transport pollution
* lower transport infrastructure cost (roads, bridges, etc.)
* less land dedicated to food storage

Farmers' markets may also contribute to innovative distribution means that strengthen civic engagement by reducing the social distances between urban and rural communities. With fewer intermediaries, the support of independent growers by local community members can enhance [[The Impact of Farmers' Markets on U.S. Economies|local economic]] opportunities and health & wellness in poor communities.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Romanienko |first=Lisiunia A. |date=July 2001 |title=Dual Labor Market Theory and the Institutionalization of Farmers' Markets: Marginalized Workers Adapting to Inhospitable Conditions in Louisiana |url=http://home.netcom.com/~lroman/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderfiles/interdisciplinary.pdf |url-status=dead |journal=Journal of Interdisciplinary Economics |language=en |volume=12 |issue=4 |pages=359–373 |doi=10.1177/02601079X00001200403 |s2cid=152683313 |issn=0260-1079 |access-date=2012-09-17 |archive-date=2016-03-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303233253/http://home.netcom.com/~lroman/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderfiles/interdisciplinary.pdf }}</ref>

===To consumers===
Some consumers may favor farmers' markets for the perceived:

* reduced overhead: driving, parking, etc.
* fresher foods
* seasonal foods
* healthier foods
* a better ''variety'' of foods, e.g.: organic foods, pasture-raised meats, free-range eggs and poultry, handmade farmstead cheeses, [[Heirloom plant|heirloom produce]] heritage breeds of meat and many less transport-immune cultivars disfavored by large grocers
* a place to meet neighbors, chat, etc.
* a place to enjoy an outdoor walk ''while'' getting needed groceries

Evidence seems to show that overall prices at a typical farmers' market are lower than prices at a supermarket because the process of production is more concise; there is less distance to travel, and fewer middlemen.<ref name="Halweil, Brian 2002">{{Cite book |last=Halweil |first=Brian |url= |title=Home grown: the case for local food in a global market |publisher=Worldwatch Institute |year=2002 |isbn=1-878071-66-1 |location=Washington, DC |pages= |oclc=}}</ref>

==Regional emphasis==
===China===

The traditional public markets in Chinese cities are known as "[[wet market]]s" (菜市场) where most vendors are resellers. The Chinese government has attempted to transform these traditional markets to supermarkets in urban renovation projects. It has led to a decline of these markets in some cities such as Shanghai.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Zhang |first1=Qian Forrest |last2=Pan |first2=Zi |date=August 2013 |title=The Transformation of Urban Vegetable Retail in China: Wet Markets, Supermarkets and Informal Markets in Shanghai |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00472336.2013.782224 |journal=Journal of Contemporary Asia |language=en |volume=43 |issue=3 |pages=497–518 |doi=10.1080/00472336.2013.782224 |s2cid=15250220 |issn=0047-2336 |via= |access-date=2021-01-12 |archive-date=2020-04-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200421132938/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00472336.2013.782224 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref>  Yet, in other cities, wet markets persist and dominate the retail of fresh produce and meat. Because of its critical role in ensuring urban food security, wet markets receive various supports from the local government.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Si |first1=Zhenzhong |last2=Scott |first2=Steffanie |last3=McCordic |first3=Cameron |date=2 January 2019 |title=Wet markets, supermarkets and alternative food sources: consumers' food access in Nanjing, China |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02255189.2018.1442322 |journal=Canadian Journal of Development Studies / Revue canadienne d'études du développement |language=en |volume=40 |issue=1 |pages=78–96 |doi=10.1080/02255189.2018.1442322 |s2cid=169904712 |issn=0225-5189 |via= |access-date=12 January 2021 |archive-date=4 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200404005249/https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02255189.2018.1442322 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref>

After 2010, farmers' markets in China were reborn in some major cities, such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Chengdu, amidst the food safety crisis. These farmers' markets (农夫市集) provide venues for local small ecological farmers to sell their produce within the city, catering to the urban middle-class's growing demand for high quality food. Many of these market vendors operate [[community-supported agriculture]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Scott |first1=Steffanie |url=https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781351331364 |title=Organic Food and Farming in China: Top-down and Bottom-up Ecological Initiatives |last2=Si |first2=Zhenzhong |last3=Schumilas |first3=Theresa |last4=Chen |first4=Aijuan |date=3 October 2018 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-0-203-70170-6 |edition=1 |location=Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY |pages= |language=en |doi=10.4324/9780203701706 |s2cid=133732241 |access-date=12 January 2021 |archive-date=17 August 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817072527/https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/edit/10.4324/9780203701706/organic-food-farming-china-steffanie-scott-zhenzhong-si-theresa-schumilas-aijuan-chen |url-status=live }}</ref>

===European Union===
[[File:Farmers market sign.jpg|thumb|Sign advertising a farmers' market in [[Lismore, County Waterford]], Ireland.]]
The EU has formalized efforts to expand farmers' markets to reduce food safety risks and poor nutrition through programs known as "Farm to Fork".<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date=2004 |title=From farm to fork: safe food for Europe's consumers |url=http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/information_sources/docs/from_farm_to_fork_2004_en.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130517172534/http://ec.europa.eu/dgs/health_consumer/information_sources/docs/from_farm_to_fork_2004_en.pdf |archive-date=17 May 2013 |access-date=17 September 2012 |website=[[European Commission]]}}</ref>

Farm-to-fork was developed with three main goals within the EU: 
* To develop effective forms of execution and evaluation of food safety standards
* To work internationally with third world countries and organizations that manage food safety concerns
* To comply with the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) standards of research and its management of science-based research<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date=8 April 2011 |title=Food Safety: Overview |url=http://ec.europa.eu/food/index_en.htm |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161016001758/http://ec.europa.eu/food/index_en.htm |archive-date=16 October 2016 |access-date=3 February 2016 |website=[[European Commission]] }}</ref>

===United Kingdom===
Since the first farmers' market was established in the UK in 1997, the number has grown to over 550 nationwide.<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Representing Local Foods in the UK |url=http://www.farma.org.uk/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061201093720/http://www.farma.org.uk/ |archive-date=2006-12-01 |access-date= |website=Farm Retail |publisher=National Farmers' Retail and Markets Association Ltd }}</ref> A number of factors led to the rise of farmers' markets in the UK in the late 1990s, including the increasing knowledge of consumers, the struggles of British farmers, anti-French sentiment, and concerns over food safety and quality.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal |last1=Holloway |first1=Lewis |last2=Kneafsey |first2=Moya |date=July 2000 |title=Reading the Space of the Framers 'Market: A Case Study from the United Kingdom |url=http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/1467-9523.00149 |journal=Sociologia Ruralis |language=en |volume=40 |issue=3 |pages=285–299 |doi=10.1111/1467-9523.00149 |issn=0038-0199 |via= |access-date=2021-01-12 |archive-date=2021-08-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210817072518/https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1467-9523.00149 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref> Consumers were worried about the farming practices by which food is produced, processed and the health and safety aspects of certain foods. The emergence of books, magazine articles, and cookery and gardening programmes influence consumer concern of food preparation and consumption.<ref name=":1" />

===United States===
[[File:Grand Prairie May 2019 29 (Grand Prairie Farmers Market).jpg|thumb|Grand Prairie Farmers Market in [[Grand Prairie, Texas]]]]
Due in part to the increased interest in healthier foods, a greater desire to preserve local cultivars or livestock (some of which may not be up to commercial shipping or yield standards) and an increased understanding of the importance of maintaining small, sustainable farms on the fringe of urban environments, farmers' markets in the US have grown from 1,755 in 1994 to 4,385 in 2006,<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date=3 June 2009 |title=Wholesale and Farmers Markets |url=http://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/farmersmarkets |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090610023550/https://www.ams.usda.gov/AMSv1.0/farmersmarkets |archive-date=10 June 2009 |access-date= |website=USDA Agricultural Marketing Service |publisher=[[United States Department of Agriculture]]}}</ref> to 5,274 in 2009,<ref>{{cite news |author=Black |first=Jane |date=2 October 2009 |title=Number of Farmers Markets Mushrooms |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/all-we-can-eat/food-politics/number-of-farmers-markets-mush.html?wprss=all-we-can-eat |url-status=dead |access-date= |archive-date=10 October 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010201249/http://voices.washingtonpost.com/all-we-can-eat/food-politics/number-of-farmers-markets-mush.html?wprss=all-we-can-eat }}</ref> to 8,144 in 2013.<ref name="Michigan State University" /> In [[New York City]], there are 107 farmers' markets in operation.<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=New York State Farmers' Markets |url=http://www.agriculture.ny.gov/AP/CommunityFarmersMarkets.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20111020150959/http://www.agriculture.ny.gov/AP/CommunityFarmersMarkets.asp |archive-date=20 October 2011 |access-date=24 July 2012 |website=NY Department of Agriculture and Markets |publisher=New York State}}</ref> In the [[Los Angeles]] area, 88 farmers' markets exist,<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Farmers Markets in Los Angeles, California |url=http://farmers-market-place.com/state/California/city/Los-Angeles |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329220031/http://farmers-market-place.com/state/California/city/Los-Angeles |archive-date=29 March 2014 |access-date= |website=Farmers Market Place}}</ref> many of which support [[Hispanic]] and [[Asian cuisine|Asian]] fare.
[[File:Farmers Market Vancouver, WA.png|thumb|Sunday Farmers Market in [[Vancouver, Washington]]]]
In the U.S., all levels of government have provided funding to farmers' markets, for instance, through the federal programs including the [[Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program]], the [[WIC program|Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children]], the [[Farmers' Market Nutrition Program]], and the [[Senior Farmers' Market Nutrition Program]].  The programs primarily subsidize purchases at farmers' markets by low-income residents.<ref name="FMIP">{{cite journal |last1=Donovan |first1=Jeanie |last2=Madore |first2=Amy |last3=Randall |first3=Megan |last4=Vickery |first4=Kate |date=30 June 2016 |title=Best Practices & Challenges for Farmers Market Incentive Programs: A Guide for Policymakers & Practitioners |url=https://gradfoodstudies.org/2016/06/30/best-practices-challenges-for-farmers-market-incentive-programs-a-guide-for-policymakers-practitioners/ |journal=The Graduate Journal of Food Studies |volume=1 |pages= |via= |number=1 |access-date=13 July 2017 |archive-date=19 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191019043618/https://gradfoodstudies.org/2016/06/30/best-practices-challenges-for-farmers-market-incentive-programs-a-guide-for-policymakers-practitioners/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="autogenerated10">{{Cite web |last1=Unger |first1=Serena |last2=Wooten |first2=Heather |date=24 May 2006 |title=A Food Systems Assessment for Oakland, CA: Toward a Sustainable Food Plan |url=http://oaklandfoodsystem.pbworks.com/f/Oakland%20FSA_6.13.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114083833/http://oaklandfoodsystem.pbworks.com/f/Oakland%20FSA_6.13.pdf |archive-date=14 January 2021 |access-date=11 January 2021 |website=Oakland Food System Assessment |publisher=Oakland Mayor's Office of Sustainability and University of California, Berkeley, Department of City and Regional Planning }}</ref> Examples include Austin's Double Dollar Incentive Program, Boston's Bounty Bucks, Chicago's LINK Up, Columbia Heights Festibucks in Washington, D.C., Fresh Checks in East Palo Alto, Market Match in Los Angeles, Michigan's Double Up Food Bucks, New York City's Health Bucks, Portland Fresh Exchange, and Seattle Fresh Bucks.<ref name="FMIP"/>  These programs often rely in part on nonprofit support.<ref name="FMIP"/>

==Management==
{{More citations needed section|date=February 2021}}
A wide range of organizations initiate, organize, and manage farmers' markets, including farmers' groups, community groups, local governments, etc.

Some markets are strictly managed, with rules for pricing, quality and vendor selection. Others are much more relaxed in their operations and vendor criteria. While the usual emphasis is on locally grown food products, some farmers' markets allow co-ops and purveyors, or allow farmers to purchase some products to resell.

There have been recent reports of fraud and products mislabeled as organic or locally grown when they are not.<ref>{{Cite news |last1=Grover |first1=Joel |last2=Goldberg |first2=Matt |date=23 September 2010 |title=False Claims, Lies Caught on Tape at Farmers Markets |work=NBC Los Angeles |publisher=[[NBCUniversal]] |url=https://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/hidden-camera-investigation-farmers-markets/1856313/ |url-status=live |access-date= |archive-date=14 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210114054248/https://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/hidden-camera-investigation-farmers-markets/1856313/ }}</ref> In some cases, fraudulent farmers' markets sell regular grocery store vegetables, passing them off as organic or locally grown, to which are usually sold to unsuspecting tourists.{{Citation needed|date=October 2022}}

Some farmers' markets have wholesale operations, sometimes limited to specific days or hours. One such wholesale farmers' market is the South Carolina State Farmers Market,<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=State Farmers Markets |url=http://agriculture.sc.gov/content.aspx?MenuID%3D109 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090902230618/http://agriculture.sc.gov/content.aspx?MenuID=109 |archive-date=2 September 2009 |access-date=3 September 2009 |website=South Carolina Department of Agriculture}}</ref> which is a major supplier of [[watermelon]]s, [[cantaloupe]]s, and [[peach]]es for produce buyers in the north-eastern US. Farmers' markets also may supply buyers from produce stands, [[restaurant]]s, and [[garden]] stores with fresh [[fruit]]s and [[vegetable]]s, plants, seedlings and [[Nursery (horticulture)|nursery]] stock, [[honey]], and other agricultural products. Although this is on the decline, in part due to the growth of chain stores that desire national distribution networks and cheap wholesales prices—prices driven down by the low cost of imported produce.

==Product categories==
===Pork and beef products===
{{More citations needed section|date=February 2021}}
[[File:026 Farmers' markets in israel.jpg|thumb|left|Meat at a farmers' market in Israel]]
A wide variety of beef and pork products are sold at farmers' markets in the United States. Typical beef products include steaks, ground beef, jerky, and various types of beef sausage. Typical pork products include sausage and bacon.

Beef and pork products sold at farmers' market in the US, like those of any other beef/pork product that are sold to the public, must originate from livestock slaughtered in a government (federal or state) inspected slaughterhouse.<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Code of Federal Regulations Title 9, part 317, section 2 |url=http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2005/janqtr/pdf/9cfr317.2.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131019181038/http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR-2005-title9-vol2/pdf/CFR-2005-title9-vol2-sec317-2.pdf |archive-date=19 October 2013 |access-date=11 January 2021 |website=Federal Digital System |publisher=U.S. Government Publishing Office}}</ref> Since government inspected slaughterhouses purchase livestock for slaughter, many often have the facilities, equipment, and personnel to supply meat products to distributors/wholesalers. Like restaurants, such arrangements are popular with farmers' market vendors because they allow them to avoid the overhead costs (facility, equipment, knowledge, maintenance, food safety inspections, etc.) associated with producing meat products that may be legally sold to the public.<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date=2011 |title=Farmers' Market Program |url=http://www.kyagr.com/marketing/farmmarket/index.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720115220/http://www.kyagr.com/marketing/farmmarket/index.htm |archive-date=20 July 2011 |access-date= |website=Kentucky Department of Agriculture}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Selling Beef, Pork, Goat and Other Meat: Regulations for Specific Products |url=http://agr.wa.gov/Marketing/SmallFarm/DOCS/7-SellingBeefPorkGoatAndOtherMeat.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101103181717/http://agr.wa.gov/Marketing/SmallFarm/DOCS/7-SellingBeefPorkGoatAndOtherMeat.pdf |archive-date=2010-11-03 |access-date= |website=WSDA Small Farm and Direct Marketing Handbook |publisher=Washington State Department of Agriculture}}</ref> Resell vendors are in the majority at farmers' markets while vendors that make and package their own meat products represent a very small percentage. Reselling allows vendors to minimize investment and overhead costs by purchasing their products from a commercial slaughterhouse and/or processing plant.<ref>{{cite web |last=The North Central Initiative for Small Farm Profitability |date=May 2004 |title=Meat Processor Survey Results: Developing Producer & Small Processor Owned Meat Marketing Enterprises |url=http://www.agmrc.org/media/cms/Meat_Survey_May_2004_3991AB138B682.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110724212244/http://www.agmrc.org/media/cms/Meat_Survey_May_2004_3991AB138B682.pdf |archive-date=2011-07-24 |access-date= |website=Agricultural Marketing Resource Center |publisher=Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date=August 2005 |title=Food Standards and Labeling Policy Book |url=http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/larc/Policies/Labeling_Policy_Book_082005.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110205112343/http://www.fsis.usda.gov/OPPDE/larc/Policies/Labeling_Policy_Book_082005.pdf |archive-date=5 February 2011 |access-date=10 April 2011 |website=USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service |publisher=[[United States Department of Agriculture]]}}</ref>

Meat products at farmers' markets being sold by resellers will include a "distributed by/packed for", or similar, statement on the labels of their meat products. Conversely, meat products being sold at farmers' markets that are prepared and packaged by the selling vendor will not include a "distributed by/packed for", or similar, statement.<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date=1 April 2020 |title=Title 21 |url=http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfCFR/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=101 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303180211/http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?CFRPart=101 |archive-date=3 March 2016 |access-date=3 February 2016 |website=Code of Federal Regulations |publisher=[[U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] }}</ref>

==== Unprocessed meat ====
{{multiple image
 | align = right
 | direction = vertical
 | width = 300
 | header = Examples of unprocessed cuts of beef at farmer's markets in the United States
 | image1 = FM Meat 1.png
 | caption1 = Resold beef displays distributor or packer information.
 | image2 = FM Meat 2.png
 | caption2 = Beef from a vendor's own livestock does not.
}}
Unprocessed meat (retail cut) products found at farmers' markets may include a government inspection legend plus a "distributed by/packed for/prepared for" label. Other information on the label will include weight, price, and safe handling instructions.

The official inspection legend includes an establishment number (EST) that identifies the last company that did the processing/butchering, packaging, and labeling of the product. Since the label includes the "distributed by/packed for" statement, the meat may come from the livestock of other farmers/ranchers or a corporate [[feedlot]]. The presence of a government inspection legend identifies a meat product that was not processed and packed by the selling vendor. Meat products prepared and packed by the selling [[vendor]] or [[butcher]] will not include a government seal, and will not include any type of statement that classifies the vendor as a reseller/distributor.<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Code of Federal Regulations Title 9, part 303, section 1 |url=http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2003/pdf/9CFR303.1.pdf |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090509103107/http://edocket.access.gpo.gov/cfr_2003/pdf/9CFR303.1.pdf |archive-date=9 May 2009 |access-date= |website=Federal Digital System |publisher=U.S. Government Publishing Office}}</ref>

The labels on retail beef and pork products that originate a vendor's/rancher's [[livestock]] will not include the "distributed by/packed for/prepared for" statement. Note that the label will still have an official/government Inspection Legend that identifies the establishment that performed the slaughtering, butchering, packaging, and labeling because any product leaving a slaughterhouse to be sold for human consumption must have a government inspection legend. For example, a label that does not have a "distributed by/packed for", etc. statement ensures the buyer that, while the vendor did not do the butchering/packaging/etc., the meat did originate from the vendor's livestock.

The label on a meat product that is processed and packed by the selling vendor will not include a government inspection legend and it will not include a "distributed by/packed for" statement.

Retail cuts of meat products sold by a vendor that performs its own butchering, packaging, and labeling will not include a government inspection legend or a "distributed by/packed for" statement on the label. In such cases the vendor/butcher gets the carcass or other major cuts of meat from a government inspected slaughterhouse and does the secondary butchering ("fabrication"), packaging, and labeling in its own facility. A government official inspection legend is not required on a package of meat butchered and packaged by such a vendor because it is sold directly to the consumer.

==== Processed meats ====
{{multiple image
 | align = right
 | direction = vertical
 | width = 300
 | header = Examples of processed meat at farmer's markets in the United States
 | image1 = FM Meat 3.png
 | caption1 = Resold private label processed meat product displays distributor or packer information.
 | image2 = FM Meat 4.png
 | caption2 = Processed meat product made by the vendor does not.
}}
Most [[processed meat]] products (sausage, bacon, hot dogs, frankfurters, snack sticks) sold at farmers' markets have labels that include a "distributed by/packed for/etc." statement as well as a government inspection legend. The government inspection legend includes an establishment number (EST #) that identifies the commercial processing plant that made and packaged the products; similar to a package of sausage or bacon sold in [[supermarket]]s.<ref>{{cite web |last= |first=|author-link= |date=25 May 2011 |title=Meat Preparation: Sausages and Food Safety |url=http://www.fsis.usda.gov/Factsheets/Sausage_and_Food_Safety/index.asp |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110704145718/http://www.fsis.usda.gov/factsheets/Sausage_and_Food_Safety/index.asp |archive-date=4 July 2011 |access-date=4 August 2011 |website=USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service |publisher=[[United States Department of Agriculture]]}}</ref> Alternately, a processed meat product sold at a farmers' market that does not include a "distributed by/packed for/etc." statement and a government inspection legend is a product that is made and packaged by the selling vendor. There are also vendors that sell processed meat products that include a government inspection legend without a "distributed by/packed for/etc." statement; such vendors are selling co-pack products in which the maker/producer prepares and packages the product according to the vendors' recipe.<ref>http://www.colorado.gov/cs/Satellite?blobcol=urldata&blobheader=application%2Fpdf&blobkey=id&blobtable=MungoBlobs&blobwhere=1251689443031&ssbinary=true%5B%5D<nowiki/>{{Dead link|date=January 2021}}</ref>

===== Reseller =====
Wholesale processed meat products that are resold at farmers' markets are known as "private label" products.<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Private Label Magazine |url=http://www.privatelabelmag.com/index.cfm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110408104905/http://www.privatelabelmag.com/index.cfm |archive-date=8 April 2011 |access-date= |publisher=EW Williams Publications Company}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Private Label |url=http://www.klements.com/corporate_customers/private_label.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110101175116/http://www.klements.com//corporate_customers/private_label.html |archive-date=1 January 2011 |access-date= |website=Klement's Sausage Company}}</ref> Such products will include a "distributed by/packed for/etc." statement plus a government inspection legend that provides a number that identifies the product's producer. The numbers of critics of private label products are increasing as consumers become aware of poor practices often employed by the products' producers.<ref>{{cite web |last=Westervelt |first=Amy |author-link=Amy Westervelt |date=5 May 2010 |title=Do You Know What's In Your Organic Beef? The TFT Reader Investigation Continues... |url=http://thefastertimes.com/genericfoodsinvestigation/2010/05/05/do-you-know-whats-in-your-organic-beef-the-tft-reader-investigation-continues/ |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100524061323/http://thefastertimes.com/genericfoodsinvestigation/2010/05/05/do-you-know-whats-in-your-organic-beef-the-tft-reader-investigation-continues/ |archive-date=24 May 2010 |access-date= |work=The Faster Times}}</ref>

It is not unusual to find distributors/resellers of processed meat products at farmers' markets because wholesale products allow vendors to minimize their investment by not having to pay for the overhead (knowledge, skills, equipment, supplies, maintenance, food safety inspections, packaging, labeling, etc.) required to produce their own products. A wholesale package of processed meat will bear a label that has a government inspection legend. The inspection legend will usually have an Establishment Number (EST #) that identifies the processing plant that made and packaged the product. Additionally, the package will contain a phrase similar to "distributed by: Steve's Family Meat Company" or "packed/prepared for Steve's Family Meat Company" somewhere on the label. Both the producer (identified by the EST. # in the inspection legend) and distributor/reseller (for example Steve's Family Meat Company) will be identified on the label.

===== Independent processor =====
A product label of a farmers' market vendor that makes and packages its own product will not include a "distributed by/packed for/etc." statement, and it will not have a government inspection legend because its products are sold directly to the consumer.<ref name="accessdata.fda.gov">{{cite web |last= |first= |date=1 April 2020 |title=Title 21 |url=https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=101.54 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304000943/http://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=101.54 |archive-date=4 March 2016 |access-date=3 February 2016 |website=Code of Federal Regulations |publisher=[[U.S. Food and Drug Administration]] }}</ref> Information on the producing vendor's label will include the following information:
* Name of company
* Address
* Product name
* Ingredients
* Date code
* Safe handling instructions
It will not include a government inspection legend or seal.

===Produce and fruit===
[[File:Farmer's Market II.jpg|thumb|Nectarines at a local farmers' market]]
[[File:Farmer's Market Peppers.jpg|thumb|Peppers at a farmers' market in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States.|alt=Buckets of red, green, orange, and yellow peppers in Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States.]]
Ideally, farmers' market produce and fruit are normally grown within a geographical region that is deemed local by the market's management. The term "[[local food|local]]" is defined by the farmers' market and usually represents products grown within a given radius measured in miles or kilometers.<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Durham Farmers Market |url=http://durhamfarmersmarket.com/index.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710162321/http://www.durhamfarmersmarket.com/index.html |archive-date=10 July 2011 |access-date= |website= |location=Durham, South Carolina}}</ref> Many farmers' markets state that they are "producer only" markets, and that their vendors grow all products sold. Some farmers' markets do not use the term "producer only" and may allow resellers of produce, fruit, and other food products.

Some farmers' markets allow vendors to resell vegetables and fruits if they are not available locally due to the time of the year. Vegetables, fruit, meat, and other products resold at farmers' markets are available to vendors through food [[distributor (business)|distributor]]s.<ref>{{cite news |author=Etter |first=Lauren |date=29 April 2010 |title=Food for Thought: Do You Need Farmers for a Farmers Market? |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |publisher=[[News Corp]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703404004575198270918567074 |url-status=live |access-date= |archive-date=9 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170909123345/https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052748703404004575198270918567074 }}</ref> This is a common practice and provides consumers with produce and fruit that are unavailable at certain times of the year. In many markets resell items are a permanent part of the vendor's inventory.

There are four subject areas that consumers tend to consider when purchasing food directly from the producer:
* Variety name
* Whether the product is in-season
* Verifiability of the origins of the food
* Whether any products have a PLU ([[Price Look-Up code|price look-up code]]) sticker<ref name="plufaq">{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=FAQs |url=http://www.plucodes.com/faqs.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090420214116/http://www.plucodes.com/faqs.aspx |archive-date=20 April 2009 |access-date=10 August 2009 |website=International Federation for Produce Standards |publisher=[[Produce Marketing Association]]}}</ref>

All vegetables and fruits have unique names that distinguish them from any other, whether they are for commercial use, for home gardening, or [[heirloom]]. A number or alphanumeric string usually identifies the newer commercial varieties.<ref>{{cite web |last=Wehner |first=Todd C. |date=5 September 1996 |title=Vegetable Cultivar Descriptions for North America |url=http://cuke.hort.ncsu.edu/cucurbit/wehner/vegcult/vgclintro.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070203123304/http://cuke.hort.ncsu.edu/cucurbit/wehner/vegcult/vgclintro.html |archive-date=3 February 2007 |access-date= |website=Cucurbit Breeding |publisher=Department of Horticultural Science, [[North Carolina State University]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Pleasant |first=Barbara |date=February 2008 |title=America's Best Tomato Varieties |url=http://www.motherearthnews.com/Organic-Gardening/2008-02-01/Americas-Favorite-Tomatoes.aspx |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110426020200/http://www.motherearthnews.com/Organic-Gardening/2008-02-01/Americas-Favorite-Tomatoes.aspx |archive-date=2011-04-26 |access-date= |work=Mother Earth News |publisher=Ogden Publications, Inc }}</ref> Vendors' employees might not always know the variety names of the produce they are selling but they will be able to get a list from their employer (producer). There are vendors that violate rules by reselling products at Producer Only markets.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ettinger |first=Jill |date=22 October 2018 |title=Deceptive Vendors Discovered in California Farmers Markets |url=http://www.organicauthority.com/foodie-buzz/deceptive-vendors-discoverd-in-california-farmers-markets.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110720061429/http://www.organicauthority.com/foodie-buzz/deceptive-vendors-discoverd-in-california-farmers-markets.html |archive-date=20 July 2011 |access-date= |work=Organic Authority |publisher=Maven }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Irizarry |first=Lauren |date=1 December 2008 |title=Farmers market sees out–of–state food influx |url=http://www.alligator.org/news/features/article_28df3d72-e805-5af4-8718-ccddb795149a.html?mode=print |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120503113918/http://www.alligator.org/news/features/article_28df3d72-e805-5af4-8718-ccddb795149a.html?mode=print |archive-date=3 May 2012 |access-date= |work=The Independent Florida Alligator }}</ref>

===Dairy, poultry, and other products===
Depending on the farmers' markets, a wide variety of products are available. Poultry, lamb, goat, eggs, milk, cream, ice cream, butter, [[cheese]], honey, syrup, jams, jellies, sauces, mushrooms, flowers, wool, wine, beer, breads, and pastries are some examples of vendor produced products sold at farmers' markets. Many farmers' markets allow vendors to prepare and sell ready to eat foods and drinks.<ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Value-Added Resources for Farmers and Entrepreneurs: Farmers Markets |url=http://valueaddedag.tennessee.edu/resources/farmersmarkets.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110317015112/http://valueaddedag.tennessee.edu/resources/farmersmarkets.htm |archive-date=17 March 2011 |access-date=10 April 2011 |website=Tennessee Value-Added Agriculture Priority Program |publisher=Institute of Agriculture, [[University of Tennessee]]}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last= |first= |date= |title=Marketing Strategies for Farmers and Ranchers |url=https://www.sare.org/publications/marketing-strategies-for-farmers-and-ranchers/farmers-markets/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210415144519/https://www.sare.org/publications/marketing-strategies-for-farmers-and-ranchers/farmers-markets/ |archive-date=15 April 2021 |access-date=15 April 2021 |website=Sustainable Agriculture Research and Education }}</ref>

==Fraud==
{{cleanup|section|reason=This section uses original research to extrapolate from narrow examples to make generalizations about the industry as a whole.|date=March 2018}}
Some investigations in the United States and Canada have found shops in farmers markets selling fruits and vegetables not sourced from their own farms.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hoye |first1=Bryce |last2=Denne |first2=Luke |last3=Foxcroft |first3=Tiffany |date=28 September 2017 |title=Farmers protest practices at the farmers markets in Manitoba |work=[[CBC News]] |publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]] |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/farmers-markets-manitoba-1.4315198 |url-status=live |access-date=15 November 2017 |archive-date=8 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108110716/http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/manitoba/farmers-markets-manitoba-1.4315198 }}</ref> In September 2017, a hidden camera investigation by the [[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]] found that some of the stalls in one market purchased produce on the wholesale market and removed the original stickers, raising the cost to 50% above the retail prices.<ref name="cbc1">{{cite news |last1=Denne |first1=Luke |last2=Foxcroft |first2=Tiffany |date=29 September 2017 |title='People are being duped': CBC exposes homegrown lies at farmers markets |work=[[CBC News]] |publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]] |url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/farmers-markets-lies-marketplace-1.4306231 |url-status=live |access-date=15 November 2017 |archive-date=10 October 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191010172450/https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/farmers-markets-lies-marketplace-1.4306231 }}</ref><ref name="yahoo">{{cite news |last= |first= |date=1 October 2017 |title=Farmers market lies exposed: CBC's Marketplace consumer cheat sheet |work=[[CBC News]] |publisher=[[Canadian Broadcasting Corporation]] |url=https://www.cbc.ca/news/business/farmers-market-exposed-marketplace-cheat-sheet-1.4313591 |url-status=live |access-date=15 November 2017 |archive-date=8 November 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171108133714/http://www.cbc.ca/news/business/farmers-market-exposed-marketplace-cheat-sheet-1.4313591 }}</ref>

''[[Tampa Bay Times]]'' food critic and investigative reporter Laura Reiley found<ref>{{Cite news |last=Reiley |first=Laura |date=13 April 2016 |title=Tampa Bay farmers markets are lacking in just one thing: Local farmers |work=Tampa Bay Times |publisher=Poynter Institute |url=https://projects.tampabay.com/projects/2016/food/farm-to-fable/farmers-markets/ |url-status=live |access-date= |archive-date=28 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210128090221/https://projects.tampabay.com/projects/2016/food/farm-to-fable/farmers-markets/ }}</ref> some vendors at local farmers' markets selling rejected produce from local wholesale markets, or selling produce purchased from non-local sources. In some cases they claimed to sell products from their own farm at first, but when pressed admitted that they had grown none of the products for sale. In at least one case, despite vendor claims to the contrary, the farm in question was not growing any food, and the produce was all purchased from other companies. Fraud may sometimes be obvious because the type of food being sold does not grow locally or is out of season. Federal regulations in the United States require [[country of origin]] labeling for produce at supermarkets but not for small independent vendors.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}}

The ''Tampa Bay Times'' also found that packaged foods, such as sauces, honey, jam, and beef jerky, may appear to be from local vendors due to the local company's branding on the packaging, but are actually produced at [[co-packer]] plants with non-local ingredients. In the United States, the FDA requires that the manufacturer's name and address be listed on the food label, which can reveal this discrepancy.

==Health risks==
Food safety regulations often carve out exceptions for farmers' markets. In the United States, for example, if the produce does not cross state lines it is exempt from the [[FDA Food Safety Modernization Act]]. Farmers markets increase the number of outbreaks and cases of [[Foodborne illness|food-borne illness]], [[norovirus]], and [[campylobacter]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bellemare |first1=Marc F. |last2=Nguyen |first2=Ngoc (Jenny) |title=Farmers Markets and Food-Borne Illness |journal=American Journal of Agricultural Economics |volume=100 |issue=3 |pages=676–690 |language=en |doi=10.1093/ajae/aay011 |date=April 2018 |s2cid=54639115 |url=https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/65680/1/MPRA_paper_65680.pdf |access-date=2020-11-28 |archive-date=2020-06-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603013444/https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/65680/1/MPRA_paper_65680.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Taipei Expo Farmers' Market 20150509.jpg|Farmers' market in [[Taipei]], [[Taiwan]]
File:Farmers and Artisans Market at Farmington - Michigan.jpg|Produce for sale at a farmers' market in [[Farmington, Michigan]], United States
File:Mrs Kirkham's Cheeses - geograph.org.uk - 1076114.jpg|[[Cheese]] for sale at a farmers' market in London, United Kingdom
File:Marché public Lafontaine.JPG|Farmers' market in [[Rivière-du-Loup]], [[Québec]], Canada
File:Cabbages in philippine market.jpg|[[Farmers Market (Cubao)|Farmers' market]] in Cubao, Philippines
File:Farmers' Market (Apni Mandi) in Chandigarh.jpg|Farmers' Market (Apni Mandi) in Chandigarh, India
File:Farmers' Market in Chandigarh.jpg|Farmers' Market in Chandigarh, India
File:Fruit and vegetable vendor at St. Jacobs Farmers Market, 2011 July 7.jpg|[[St. Jacobs Farmers' Market]] in Ontario, Canada
</gallery>

==See also==
{{Portal|Food|Agriculture}}
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Agritourism]]
* [[Agroecology]]
* [[Artisanal food]]
* [[Carbon diet]]
* [[Civic agriculture]]
* [[Community-supported agriculture]]
* [[Farm to fork]]
* [[Local food]]
* {{annotated link|Pasar malam}}
* [[Marketplaces#Types|Public market]]
* [[Slow Food]]
* [[Street food]]
* [[Street market]]
* [[Vertical farming]]
* [[Wet market]]
* {{annotated link|WWOOF}}
* ''[[The 100-Mile Diet]]'' (book)
{{Div col end}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
* Burns, Arthur F. (1996) ''Farmers' Market Survey Report''. Washington, D.C., U.S. Department of Agriculture

==External links==
{{Commons category|Farmers' markets}}
* [https://www.ams.usda.gov/services/local-regional USDA Farmers Market Facts & Statistics]
{{Retail}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Farmers Market}}
[[Category:Farmers' markets| ]]