View source for Fieldston, Bronx

{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=October 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Fieldston
| settlement_type                 = [[Neighborhoods in the Bronx|Neighborhood of the Bronx]]
| image_skyline                   = Ethical Cult Feldston jeh.JPG
| image_alt                       = 
| image_caption                   = [[Society for Ethical Culture]]
| image                           = <!-- other image (specify File: or Image: namespace) -->
| image_map               = {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|frame-align=center|frame-lat=40.735|frame-long=-73.975|zoom=9|type=point|coord={{coord|40.894|-73.903}}}}
| map_alt                 =
| map_caption             = Location in New York City
<!--
| pushpin_map             = USA Bronx#USA New York#USA
| pushpin_map_alt         = 
| pushpin_map_caption     = Location in New York City
-->
| coordinates                     = {{coord|40.894|-73.903|type:city_region:US-NY|display=inline,title}}

<!-- location ------------------>
| subdivision_type                = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name                = [[United States]]
| subdivision_type1               = [[U.S. state|State]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[New York (state)|New York]]
| subdivision_type2               = [[City]]
| subdivision_name2               = [[New York City]]
| subdivision_type3               = [[Borough (New York City)|Borough]]
| subdivision_name3               = [[The Bronx]]
| subdivision_type4       = [[Community boards of the Bronx|Community District]]
| subdivision_name4       = [[Bronx Community Board 8|Bronx 8]]<ref name="NYCPlanningBx8">{{cite web|title=NYC Planning {{!}} Community Profiles|url=https://communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov/bronx/8|website=communityprofiles.planning.nyc.gov|publisher=New York City Department of City Planning|access-date=6 June 2018}}</ref>

<!-- area ---------------------->
| area_total_sq_mi                = 0.426
| area_footnotes                  = <ref name="stats">{{cite web |title=Fieldston neighborhood in New York |url=http://www.city-data.com/neighborhood/Fieldston-Bronx-NY.html |access-date=November 24, 2015}}</ref>

<!-- population ---------------->
| population_footnotes            = <ref name="stats">{{cite web |title=Fieldston neighborhood in New York |url=http://www.city-data.com/neighborhood/Fieldston-Bronx-NY.html |access-date=November 24, 2015}}</ref>
| population_total                = 3,292
| population_as_of                = 2011
| population_density_km2          = <!-- for automatic calculation of any density field, use: auto -->
| population_density_sq_mi        = auto
| population_demonym              = <!-- demonym, ie. Liverpudlian for someone from Liverpool -->
| population_note                 = <!-- demographics (section 1) -->
| demographics_type1              = Economics
| demographics1_footnotes         = 
| demographics1_title1            = [[Median household income|Median income]]
| demographics1_info1             = $91,862

<!-- postal codes, area code and website --->
| postal_code_type                = [[ZIP Code]]s
| postal_code                     = 10471
| area_code_type                  = [[Telephone numbering plan|Area code]]
| area_code                       = [[Area codes 718, 347, and 929|718, 347, 929]], and [[Area code 917|917]]
| website                         = {{URL|www.fieldston.nyc}}
}}

'''Fieldston''' is a privately owned<ref name=encnyc>[[Gary Hermalyn|Hermalyn, Gary D.]] "Fieldston" in {{cite enc-nyc2|page=441}}</ref> affluent neighborhood in the [[Riverdale, Bronx|Riverdale]] section of the northwestern part of the [[New York City]] borough of [[the Bronx]]. It is bounded by Manhattan College Parkway to the south, [[Henry Hudson Parkway]] to the west, 250th Street to the north, and [[Broadway (Manhattan)|Broadway]] to the east.<ref name=encnyc />  It is noted for its rural atmosphere, large houses and abundance of trees.<ref name=encnyc />  The majority of the neighborhood is included in the '''Fieldston Historic District''', designated by the [[New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission]] in 2006.<ref name=nycland>{{cite nycland|pages=344–347}}</ref>

One of New York City’s most upscale neighborhoods, Fieldston is home to two of the three prestigious "Hill Schools", the [[Horace Mann School]] and the [[Ethical Culture Fieldston School]]; the third, [[Riverdale Country School]], lies just outside Fieldston to the north.  [[Manhattan University]] is located on Manhattan College Parkway, the neighborhood's southern boundary.

==History==
The land that is now Fieldston was part of the estate of Major [[Joseph Delafield]], who purchased {{convert|250|acre|ha}} in 1829, and named it after his family's estate in Ireland. The Delafield family laid out lots in 1909&nbsp;– the year after the [[New York City Subway]]'s [[IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line|Broadway–Seventh Avenue line]] was extended to [[Van Cortlandt Park–242nd Street (IRT Broadway–Seventh Avenue Line)|Van Cortlandt Park]], intending to develop the land, which at first was called "Delafield Woods". Rather than use a grid plan, civil engineer Albert E. Wheeler, following the suggestions made by [[Frederick Law Olmsted]] and James R. Croes in 1876, designed a street plan which followed the contours of the land and preserved as much of the wooded areas as possible. The first house was begun in 1910 and finished in 1911. In 1923, after the completion of 80 houses, the Fieldston Property Owner's Association was formed.<ref name=encnyc /><ref name=nycland />

Buyers were provided with a list of approved architects, and [[historicist (art)|historicist]] architectural styles&nbsp;– the various "revival" styles&nbsp;– were strongly encouraged. The [[Tudor Revival architecture|Tudor Revival]] style was popular in houses built in the 1920s; many of them were designed by local resident [[Dwight James Baum]], who was responsible for 62 houses, while Julius Gregory is credited with forty-two.<ref name=encnyc /><ref name=nycland /> Many of the houses in the neighborhood were featured in design and architectural magazines, and the neighborhood had a reputation for having houses of quality design.<ref name=nycland /> In order to accommodate the project's plan to be a neighborhood of single-family dwellings, the [[New York City Planning Commission]] approved a special zoning district in 1938, which would not allow the construction of any multiple-family buildings.<ref name=nycland />

{{anchor|Ownership}}By the beginning of the 21st century, Fieldston was one of the wealthiest neighborhoods in New York City.<ref name=encnyc /> Fieldston is one of a few neighborhoods in New York City that is completely privately owned.  The streets and common areas are owned by the Fieldston Property Owners' Association, Inc. which plows the streets, does sewer repair, cares for the trees&nbsp;– of which there are about 1000&nbsp;– and runs a security patrol as well as other usually municipal functions, such as street repair.  Annual dues are paid by the approximately 250 homeowners who make up the Association to maintain the area. Once a year, the streets are closed to non-residents to legally qualify the streets as privately owned; parking is restricted to residents and their guests.

==Structures==
===Historic district===
[[File:Manhattan Coll jeh.JPG|thumb|right|250px|[[Manhattan University]]]]

On January 10, 2006,<ref name=desrep>Kirshan, Virginia et al. [http://www.nyc.gov/html/lpc/downloads/pdf/reports/fieldston.pdf "Fieldston Historic District Designation Report"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081221105604/http://www.nyc.gov/html/lpc/downloads/pdf/reports/fieldston.pdf |date=December 21, 2008 }}. [[New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission]] (January 10, 2006)</ref> the [[New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission]] designated the majority of the Fieldston neighborhood<ref name=desmap>[http://www.nyc.gov/html/lpc/downloads/pdf/maps/fieldston.pdf "Fieldston Historic District" (map)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090205044344/http://www.nyc.gov/html/lpc/downloads/pdf/maps/fieldston.pdf |date=February 5, 2009 }} [[New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission]] (January 10, 2006)</ref> as a historic district.  The district contains 252 houses and related structures.<ref name=nycland /> Some of the more noted houses, with the year of completion, the architect's name and the architectural style in parentheses:
* '''274 College Road''' (1926–28, Julius Gregory, [[Medievalism|Medieval Revival]])<ref name=nycland />
** Gregory designed 42 houses in the neighborhood
* '''4521 Delafield Road''' (1925, [[Dwight James Baum]], [[Colonial Revival architecture|Colonial Revival]])<ref name=nycland />
** received a gold medal from the [[Architectural League of New York]] as the best two-story house built between 1926 and 1930 in the U.S.
** Baum designed 62 houses in the neighborhood
* '''4530 Fieldston Road''' (1928–29, Gregory, [[Medievalism|Medieval Revival]]<ref name=nycland />
* '''4599 Fieldston Road''' at West 246th Street (1928–29, Baum, [[Mediterranean Revival architecture|Mediterranean Revival]]<ref name=nycland />
* '''4600 Fieldston Road''' at West 246th Street (1926–27, Baum, [[Romanesque Revival architecture|Norman Revival]])<ref name=nycland />
* '''4730 Fieldston Road''' (1929–30, Gregory, [[Georgian Revival architecture|Georgian Revival]])<ref name=nycland />
* '''5001 Goodridge Avenue''' (1916, Baum, Colonial Revival)<ref name=nycland />
** Baum's own residence
* '''5020 Goodridge Avenue''' (1914–15, [[Harrie T. Lindeberg]], [[Tudor Revival architecture|Tudor Revival]]<ref name=nycland />
** the residence of Mayor [[Fiorello La Guardia]] from 1945 until his death in 1947; later owned and occupied by author [[Robert Silverberg]] from 1961 to 1971<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.boweryboyshistory.com/2011/09/mayor-laguardias-former-home-and-its.html | title=Mayor LaGuardia's former home and its sci-fi, erotic past | date=September 20, 2011 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.lib.usm.edu/legacy/degrum/public_html/html/research/findaids/DG0898f.html | title=StackPath }}</ref>
* '''4538 Greystone Avenue''' (c.1924, attributed to R.C. Hunter)<ref name=nycland />
** features "a turreted tower and a steeply pitched slate-covered roof with a deliberate sag", making it "one of the most charming" in the neighborhood
* '''4550 Livingston Avenue''' near West 246th Street (1915-1916 [[Dwight James Baum]], Medieval Revival)<ref name=nycland />
* '''4600 Livingston Avenue''' near West 246th Street (1922–24, [[Clarence S. Stein]], Colonial Revival)<ref name=nycland />
* '''351 West 245th Street''' (1924–25, W. Stanwood Phillips, Colonial Revival)<ref name=nycland />
** Phillips designed 14 houses in the neighborhood
* '''355 West 246th Street''' (1911–12, Mann & MacNeille, Tudor Revival)<ref name=nycland />
** one of the first houses commissioned by the Delafield estate; Mann & MacNeille designed 8 houses in Fieldston
* '''331 West 250th Street''' at Fieldston Road (1918–19, Baum, [[Dutch Colonial Revival architecture|Dutch Colonial Revival]])<ref name=nycland />
* '''4401–4403 Waldo Avenue''' (1913, C. Van Valkenberg; additions: 1919 & 1927, Baum; Tudor Revival)<ref name=nycland />
** originally the office of the Delafield Estate, then of Albert E. Wheeler, the civil engineer who laid out Fieldston; now a private home
* '''4405 Waldo Avenue''' (1928, Baum, Medieval Revival)<ref name=nycland />
** originally the residence of Albert E. Wheeler
* '''C. E. Chambers House'''&nbsp;– 4670 Waldo Avenue between College Road and Livingston Avenue (c.1917, Gregory)<ref name=aia>{{cite aia5|pages=872–873}}</ref>
** reminiscent of an [[English country house]]

===Outside the historic district===
[[File:Fisher Hall HMHS from VCP jeh.jpg|thumb|250px|right|Fisher Hall of [[Horace Mann School|Horace Mann High School]]]]
* '''Hadley House'''&nbsp;– 5122 Post Road (center: 18th century; north wing: 2nd quarter, 19th century; south wing and remodeling by Baum, 1915–1916); a [[New York City landmark]]<ref name=nycland />
** the center section is one of the oldest residences in the Bronx
* '''[[Christ Church (Bronx, New York)|Christ Church]]'''&nbsp;– 5030 Henry Hudson Parkway East at West 252nd Street (1865–66, [[Richard M. Upjohn]]); a [[New York City landmark]]<ref name=aia/>
** "Small, picturesque romantic [[Victorian architecture|Victorian]] [[Gothic Revival architecture|Gothic Revival]] church"
* '''[[Riverdale Presbyterian Church Complex|Riverdale Presbyterian Church and manse (The Duff House)]]'''&nbsp;– 4763 Henry Hudson Parkway at West 249th Street (1863–64, [[James Renwick Jr.]], [[Gothic Revival architecture|Late Gothic Revival]]); a [[New York City landmark]] and listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]]<ref name=aia/><ref name=nycland />
* '''Conservative Synagogue Adath Israel of Riverdale'''&nbsp;– 475 West 250th Street at Henry Hudson Parkway (1962, Percival Goodman)<ref name=aia/>
** "Strong forms in concrete and dark red brick make this ... an unneighborly character"
* '''[[Horace Mann School]]'''&nbsp;– 231 West 246th Street at Tibbett Avenue, including:<ref name=aia/>
** Pforzheimer Hall (1956, [[Victor Christ-Janer]])
** Prettyman Gymnasium (1968, Charles E. Hughes III)
** Gratwick Science Hall Addition (1975, Frost Assoc.)
** Middle School and Arts/Dining Building (1999, Gruzen Samton)
* '''[[Ethical Culture Fieldston School]]'''&nbsp;– 3901 Fieldston Drive at Manhattan College Parkway<ref name=aia/>
** Middle School and Athletic Building (2007, [[Cooper, Robertson & Partners]])
* '''[[Manhattan University]]'''&nbsp;– 4513 Manhattan College Parkway, a [[Roman Catholic]] [[liberal arts]] college

==See also==
* [[List of New York City Designated Landmarks in The Bronx]]

==References==
'''Notes'''
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline|Fieldston, Bronx}}

{{Bronx|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Neighborhoods in the Bronx]]
[[Category:Riverdale, Bronx]]
[[Category:Historic districts in the Bronx]]
[[Category:New York City designated historic districts]]
[[Category:New York City Designated Landmarks in the Bronx]]