View source for First Pitt ministry

{{Short description|Government from 1783 to 1801 led by William Pitt the Younger}}
{{Other uses|Pitt ministry (disambiguation){{!}}Pitt ministry}}
{{EngvarB|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{Infobox government cabinet
|incumbent = [[First premiership of William Pitt the Younger|1783–1801]]
|image = Pitt the Younger.jpg
|caption = Pitt by [[Thomas Gainsborough]]
|date_formed = {{Start date|1783|12|19|df=y}}
|date_dissolved = {{End date|1801|3|14|df=y}}
|government_head_title = Prime Minister
|government_head  = [[William Pitt the Younger]]
|state_head_title = Monarch
|state_head = [[George III]]
|total_number = 38 appointments
|political_parties = {{unbulleted list
| [[Tories (British political party)|Tory Party]]
| [[Whigs (British political party)|Whig Party]] (1794–1801)
}}
|legislature_status = {{unbulleted list
| [[Minority government|Minority]] (1783–1784)
| [[Majority government|Majority]] (1784–1794)
| [[Coalition government|Majority (coalition)]] (1794–1801)
}}
|legislature_term = {{unbulleted list
| {{Longitem|[[List of MPs elected in the British general election, 1780|15th GB Parliament]]<br />''lost a [[1784 vote of no confidence in the Pitt ministry|vote of confidence]]''}}
| [[List of MPs elected in the British general election, 1784|16th GB Parliament]]
| [[List of MPs elected in the British general election, 1790|17th GB Parliament]]
| [[List of MPs elected in the British general election, 1796|18th GB Parliament]]
| [[First Parliament of the United Kingdom|1st UK Parliament]]
}}
|opposition_party = {{unbulleted list
| [[Whigs (British political party)|Whig Party]] (1783–1794)
| [[Foxite]]s (1794–1801)
}}
|opposition_leaders = {{unbulleted list
| [[Charles James Fox]]{{sfn|Wakeman|1909}}
| [[George Tierney]]{{sfn|Porritt|1909|page=461}} (1797–1801)
}}
|election = {{unbulleted list
| [[1784 British general election|1784 general election]]
| [[1790 British general election|1790 general election]]
| [[1796 British general election|1796 general election]]
}}
|last_election = [[First Parliament of the United Kingdom|1801 co-option]]
|previous = [[Fox–North coalition]]
|successor = [[Addington ministry]]
|flag=Coat of arms of Great Britain (1714–1801).svg}}
[[William Pitt the Younger]] led the government of the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]] from 1783 to 1801.

In 1800, the [[Acts of Union 1800|Acts of Union]] between Great Britain and Ireland were accepted by their respective parliaments, creating the new [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland]] (UK), which would be governed by the former [[Parliament of Great Britain]] (now the [[UK Parliament]]). Pitt governed this new state for the first month of its existence, until differences with King [[George III]] over [[Catholic emancipation]] caused him to resign.

==Cabinet==
[[File:Francis Osborne, 5th Duke of Leeds.jpg|thumb|''[[Portrait of the Duke of Leeds]]'' by [[Thomas Lawrence]]. Appointed as [[Foreign Secretary (United Kingdom)|Foreign Secretary]] while still Lord Carmarthen, he held the post from 1783 to 1791.]]
{{Cabinet table start|hiderefcol=y}}
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = {{unbulleted list|[[First Lord of the Treasury]]|[[Chancellor of the Exchequer]]}}
 | minister1             = [[William Pitt the Younger]]
 | minister1_termstart   = {{start date|1783|12|19|df=yes}}
 | minister1_termend     = {{end date|1801|3|14|df=yes}}
 | minister1_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister1_ministryhead= y
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[Lord Chancellor]]
 | minister1             = [[Edward Thurlow, 1st Baron Thurlow]]
 | minister1_termstart   = {{start date|1783|12|23|df=yes}}
 | minister1_termend     = {{end date|1792|6|df=yes}}
 | minister1_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister2             = [[Alexander Wedderburn, 1st Earl of Rosslyn|Alexander Wedderburn, 1st Baron Loughborough]]
 | minister2_termstart   = {{start date|1793|1|28|df=yes}}
 | minister2_termend     = {{end date|1801|4|14|df=yes}}
 | minister2_party       = Independent politician
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[Lord President of the Council]]
 | minister1             = [[Granville Leveson-Gower, 1st Marquess of Stafford|Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Gower]]
 | minister1_termstart   = {{start date|1783|12|19|df=yes}}
 | minister1_termend     = {{end date|1784|12|1|df=yes}}
 | minister1_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister2             = [[Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden]]
 | minister2_termstart   = {{start date|1784|12|1|df=yes}}
 | minister2_termend     = {{end date|1794|4|18|df=yes}}
 | minister2_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister3             = [[William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam]]
 | minister3_termstart   = {{start date|1794|7|1|df=yes}}
 | minister3_termend     = {{end date|1794|12|17|df=yes}}
 | minister3_party       = Whigs (British political party)
 | minister4             = [[David Murray, 2nd Earl of Mansfield]]
 | minister4_termstart   = {{start date|1794|12|17|df=yes}}
 | minister4_termend     = {{end date|1796|9|1|df=yes}}
 | minister4_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister5             = [[John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham]]
 | minister5_termstart   = {{start date|1796|9|21|df=yes}}
 | minister5_termend     = Continued
 | minister5_party       = Independent politician
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[Lord Privy Seal]]
 | minister1             = [[Charles Manners, 4th Duke of Rutland]]
 | minister1_termstart   = {{start date|1783|12|23|df=yes}}
 | minister1_termend     = {{end date|1784|11|27|df=yes}}
 | minister1_party       = Independent politician
 | minister2             = Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Gower
 | minister2_termstart   = {{start date|1784|11|27|df=yes}}
 | minister2_termend     = {{end date|1794|df=yes}}
 | minister2_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister3             = [[George Spencer, 2nd Earl Spencer]]
 | minister3_termstart   = {{start date|1794|df=yes}}
 | minister3_termend     = {{end date|1794|7|16|df=yes}}
 | minister3_party       = Whigs (British political party)
 | minister4             = John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham
 | minister4_termstart   = {{start date|1794|7|16|df=yes}}
 | minister4_termend     = {{end date|1798|2|14|df=yes}}
 | minister4_party       = Independent politician
 | minister5             = [[John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland]]
 | minister5_termstart   = {{start date|1798|2|14|df=yes}}
 | minister5_termend     = Continued
 | minister5_party       = Tories (British political party)
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs (UK)|Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs]]
 | minister1             = [[George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, 1st Marquess of Buckingham|George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, 3rd Earl Temple]]
 | minister1_termstart   = {{start date|1783|12|19|df=yes}}
 | minister1_termend     = {{end date|1783|12|23|df=yes}}
 | minister1_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister2             = [[Francis Osborne, 5th Duke of Leeds]]
 | minister2_termstart   = {{start date|1783|12|23|df=yes}}
 | minister2_termend     = {{end date|1791|5|df=yes}}
 | minister2_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister3             = [[William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville]]
 | minister3_termstart   = {{start date|1791|6|8|df=yes}}
 | minister3_termend     = {{end date|1801|2|20|df=yes}}
 | minister3_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister4             = [[Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool|Robert Jenkinson, Baron Hawkesbury]]
 | minister4_termstart   = {{start date|1801|2|20|df=yes}}
 | minister4_termend     = Continued
 | minister4_party       = Tories (British political party)
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[Secretary of State for War]]
 | minister1             = [[Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville|Henry Dundas]]
 | minister1_termstart   = {{start date|1794|7|11|df=yes}}
 | minister1_termend     = {{end date|1801|3|17|df=yes}}
 | minister1_party       = Tories (British political party)
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[Secretary at War]]
 | minister1             = [[William Windham]]
 | minister1_termstart   = {{start date|1794|df=yes}}
 | minister1_termend     = {{end date|1801|df=yes}}
 | minister1_party       = Whigs (British political party)
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[Home Secretary|Secretary of State for the Home Department]]
 | minister1             = George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, 3rd Earl Temple
 | minister1_termstart   = {{start date|1783|12|19|df=yes}}
 | minister1_termend     = {{end date|1783|12|23|df=yes}}
 | minister1_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister2             = [[Thomas Townshend, 1st Viscount Sydney]]
 | minister2_termstart   = {{start date|1783|12|23|df=yes}}
 | minister2_termend     = {{end date|1789|6|5|df=yes}}
 | minister2_party       = Whigs (British political party)
 | minister3             = William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville
 | minister3_termstart   = {{start date|1789|6|5|df=yes}}
 | minister3_termend     = {{end date|1791|6|8|df=yes}}
 | minister3_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister4             = Henry Dundas
 | minister4_termstart   = {{start date|1791|6|8|df=yes}}
 | minister4_termend     = {{end date|1794|7|11|df=yes}}
 | minister4_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister5             = [[William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland]]
 | minister5_termstart   = {{start date|1794|7|11|df=yes}}
 | minister5_termend     = Continued
 | minister5_party       = Whigs (British political party)
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[First Lord of the Admiralty]]
 | minister1             = [[Richard Howe, 1st Earl Howe|Richard Howe, 1st Viscount Howe]]
 | minister1_termstart   = {{start date|1783|df=yes}}
 | minister1_termend     = {{end date|1788|df=yes}}
 | minister1_party       = Independent politician
 | minister2             = John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham
 | minister2_termstart   = {{start date|1788|df=yes}}
 | minister2_termend     = {{end date|1794|df=yes}}
 | minister2_party       = Independent politician
 | minister3             = George Spencer, 2nd Earl Spencer
 | minister3_termstart   = {{start date|1794|df=yes}}
 | minister3_termend     = {{end date|1801|df=yes}}
 | minister3_party       = Whigs (British political party)
 | minister4             = [[John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent]]
 | minister4_termstart   = {{start date|1801|df=yes}}
 | minister4_termend     = Continued
 | minister4_party       = Whigs (British political party)
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[Master-General of the Ordnance]]
 | minister1             = [[Charles Lennox, 3rd Duke of Richmond]]
 | minister1_termstart   = {{start date|1784|df=yes}}
 | minister1_termend     = {{end date|1795|df=yes}}
 | minister1_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister2             = [[Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis]]
 | minister2_termstart   = {{start date|1795|df=yes}}
 | minister2_termend     = {{end date|1801|df=yes}}
 | minister2_party       = Independent politician
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[President of the Board of Trade]]
 | minister1             = [[Charles Jenkinson, 1st Earl of Liverpool]]
 | minister1_termstart   = {{start date|1786|8|23|df=yes}}
 | minister1_termend     = Continued
 | minister1_party       = Tories (British political party)
}}
{{Cabinet table minister
 | title                 = [[Lord Lieutenant of Ireland]]
 | minister1             = [[Robert Henley, 2nd Earl of Northington]]
 | minister1_termstart   = {{start date|1783|5|3|df=yes}}
 | minister1_termend     = {{end date|1784|2|12|df=yes}}
 | minister1_party       = Independent politician
 | minister2             = Charles Manners, 4th Duke of Rutland
 | minister2_termstart   = {{start date|1784|2|12|df=yes}}
 | minister2_termend     = {{end date|1787|10|27|df=yes}}
 | minister2_party       = Independent politician
 | minister3             = [[George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, 1st Marquess of Buckingham]]
 | minister3_termstart   = {{start date|1787|10|27|df=yes}}
 | minister3_termend     = {{end date|1789|10|24|df=yes}}
 | minister3_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister4             = John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland
 | minister4_termstart   = {{start date|1789|10|24|df=yes}}
 | minister4_termend     = {{end date|1794|12|13|df=yes}}
 | minister4_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister5             = William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam
 | minister5_termstart   = {{start date|1794|12|13|df=yes}}
 | minister5_termend     = {{end date|1795|3|13|df=yes}}
 | minister5_party       = Whigs (British political party)
 | minister6             = Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden
 | minister6_termstart   = {{start date|1795|3|13|df=yes}}
 | minister6_termend     = {{end date|1798|6|14|df=yes}}
 | minister6_party       = Tories (British political party)
 | minister7             = Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis
 | minister7_termstart   = {{start date|1798|6|14|df=yes}}
 | minister7_termend     = {{end date|1801|4|27|df=yes}}
 | minister7_party       = Independent politician
}}
{{Cabinet table end}}

===Changes===
*March 1784{{snd}}The Duke of Rutland becomes [[Lord Lieutenant of Ireland]], remaining also Lord Privy Seal.
*December 1784{{snd}}Lord Gower (Lord Stafford from 1786) succeeds Rutland as Lord Privy Seal (Rutland remains Viceroy of Ireland).  [[Charles Pratt, 1st Earl Camden|Lord Camden]] succeeds Gower as Lord President.
*November 1787{{snd}}[[George Nugent-Temple-Grenville, 1st Marquess of Buckingham|Lord Buckingham]] succeeds Rutland as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
*July 1788{{snd}}[[John Pitt, 2nd Earl of Chatham|Lord Chatham]], Pitt's elder brother, succeeds Lord Howe as First Lord of the Admiralty.
*June 1789{{snd}}[[William Grenville, 1st Baron Grenville|William Grenville]] (Lord Grenville from 1790) succeeds Lord Sydney as Home Secretary.
*October 1789{{snd}}[[John Fane, 10th Earl of Westmorland|Lord Westmorland]] succeeds Buckingham as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
*June 1791{{snd}}
**Grenville succeeds the Duke of Leeds (Lord Carmarthen before 1789) as Foreign Secretary.
**[[Henry Dundas, 1st Viscount Melville|Henry Dundas]] succeeds Grenville as Home Secretary.
**[[Charles Jenkinson, 1st Earl of Liverpool|Lord Hawkesbury]] (from 1796 [[Earl of Liverpool]]), the [[President of the Board of Trade]], joins the Cabinet.
*June 1792{{snd}}Lord Thurlow resigns as Lord Chancellor.  The Great Seal goes into commission.
*January 1793{{snd}}[[Alexander Wedderburn, 1st Earl of Rosslyn|Lord Loughborough]] becomes Lord Chancellor.
*July 1794{{snd}}
**[[William Fitzwilliam, 4th Earl Fitzwilliam|Lord Fitzwilliam]] succeeds Camden as Lord President.
**Dundas takes the new Secretaryship of State for War, while the [[William Cavendish-Bentinck, 3rd Duke of Portland|Duke of Portland]] succeeds him as Home Secretary.
**[[George Spencer, 2nd Earl Spencer|Lord Spencer]] succeeds Stafford as Lord Privy Seal.
**[[William Windham]] enters the Cabinet as [[Secretary at War]].
*December 1794{{snd}}
**Chatham succeeds Spencer as Lord Privy Seal.
**Spencer succeeds Chatham as First Lord of the Admiralty.
**Fitzwilliam succeeds Westmorland as Viceroy of Ireland.
**[[David Murray, 2nd Earl of Mansfield|Lord Mansfield]] succeeds Fitzwilliam as Lord President.
*February 1795{{snd}}[[Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis|Lord Cornwallis]] succeeds the Duke of Richmond as Master-General of the Ordnance.
*March 1795{{snd}}[[John Pratt, 1st Marquess Camden|Camden]] succeeds Fitzwilliam as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland.
*September 1796{{snd}}Chatham succeeds Mansfield as Lord President. Chatham remains Lord Privy Seal.
*February 1798{{snd}}Westmorland succeeds Chatham as Lord Privy Seal. Chatham remains Lord President.
*June 1798{{snd}}Cornwallis succeeds Camden as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, remaining also Master-General of the Ordnance.
*February 1801{{snd}}Grenville, Spencer, and Windham resign from the Cabinet. The first two are succeeded by [[Robert Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool|Lord Hawkesbury]] and [[John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent|Lord St Vincent]], while Windham's successor is not in the Cabinet.

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==References==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last=Porritt |first=Edward |chapter=The Evolution of the Non-partisan Speaker |title=The Unreformed House of Commons |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.90632 |year=1909 |publisher=CUP Archive |page=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.90632/page/n489 461]}}
* {{cite book |last=Wakeman |first=Henry Offley |title=Charles James Fox |publisher=Gibbings |location=London |edition=3rd |year=1909 |ol=7116684M}}
{{refend}}

== Further reading ==
{{refbegin}}
* {{cite book |last1=Cook |first1=Chris |last2=Stevenson |first2=John |title=British Historical Facts: 1760–1830 |year=1980 |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan UK |isbn=978-0-333-21512-8 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/britishhistorica0000cook_t2t9 }}
{{refend}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-bef | before=[[Fox–North coalition]]}}
{{s-ttl | title=[[List of British governments|Government of Great Britain]] | years=1783–1801}}
{{s-non | reason=[[Acts of Union 1800|Acts of Union]]}}
{{s-break}}
{{s-new | first |reason=[[Acts of Union 1800|Acts of Union]]}}
{{s-ttl | title=[[List of British governments|Government of the United Kingdom]] | years=1801}}
{{s-aft | after=[[Addington ministry]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{British ministries}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pitt 1}}
[[Category:British ministries]]
[[Category:1783 establishments in Great Britain]]
[[Category:1801 disestablishments in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:1780s in Great Britain]]
[[Category:1790s in Great Britain]]
[[Category:1800s in the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Ministries of George III]]
[[Category:William Pitt the Younger|Ministry 1]]
[[Category:Cabinets disestablished in 1801]]