View source for Fontenay-aux-Roses

{{Infobox French commune
|name               = Fontenay-aux-Roses
|commune status     = [[Communes of France|Commune]]
|image              = Fontenay-aux-Roses - Town hall - 1.jpg
|caption            = The city hall
|image coat of arms = Blason ville fr Fontenay-aux-Roses (Hauts-de-Seine).svg
|map                = Fontenay-aux-Roses_map.svg
|map caption        = Location (in red) within Paris [[petite couronne|inner suburbs]]
|arrondissement     = Antony
|canton             = Châtillon
|INSEE              = 92032
|postal code        = 92260
|mayor              = Laurent Vastel<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|website=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=2 December 2020|language=fr}}</ref>
|term               = 2020–2026
|intercommunality   = [[Grand Paris|Métropole du Grand Paris]]
|coordinates        = {{coord|48.78932|2.28877|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|elevation min m    = 60
|elevation max m    = 160
|area km2           = 2.51
|population         = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
|population date    = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
|population footnotes   = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
}}

'''Fontenay-aux-Roses''' ({{IPA|fr|fɔ̃tnɛ o ʁoz|-|Fr-Paris--Fontenay-aux-Roses.ogg}}) is a [[Communes of France|commune]] in the southwestern suburbs of [[Paris]], France. It is located {{convert|8.6|km|mi|abbr=on}} from the [[Kilometre Zero|center of Paris]].

In 1880, a girls' school, the [[École Normale Supérieure de Fontenay-aux-Roses|École normale supérieure de Fontenay-aux-Roses]], was founded with the primary goal of preparing women to become teachers.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Enseignement supérieur et universités ; Ecoles normales supérieures (ENS) ; Ecole normale supérieure de Saint-Cloud (1880-2000) |url=https://francearchives.gouv.fr/findingaid/7f4fafdbb1d9d9efc7e385f52ba9ab839e95ce5c |website=FranceArchives}}</ref> It became a mixed school in 1986, and was relocated to Lyon in 2000.

Fontenay is the location of the [[Commissariat à l'énergie atomique]], and former location of the first French [[nuclear reactor]], [[Zoé (reactor)|Zoé]], and the first French [[tokamak|tokamak fusion experiment]], [[Tokamak de Fontenay aux Roses|TFR]].

== Name ==

The commune name originates from a local spring-fed stream (Latin ''fons'', French ''fontaine'') in the hillside descending from the Châtillon plateau, with "of roses" added to distinguish this commune from numerous French communes named Fontenay. <!--can this be connected to the subject? The attraction of roses that it created a borough named [[Rosati]] which existed from 1892 to 1992.-->

== Climate ==

The climate of Fontenay-aux-Roses is oceanic gradient. The observation stations used for the weather in Fontenay are at Orly and the airport of [[Vélizy – Villacoublay Air Base|Velizy-Villacoublay]], municipalities located not far from Fontenay. The climate is characterised by sunshine and fairly low rainfall. The average rainfall is about 650&nbsp;mm per year, spread over 111 rainy days on average, including 16 days of heavy rainfall (10&nbsp;mm). Temperatures are mild; the coldest month is January with an average temperature of 4.7&nbsp;°C and the hottest months are July and August with a mean temperature of 20&nbsp;°C.

Severe weather conditions are sometimes recorded:

* Maximum Temperature : 42.0&nbsp;°C in 2003;
* Minimum Temperature : -16.0&nbsp;°C in 1985;
* Maximum rain in 24 hours: 100&nbsp;mm from 6 p.m. on 30th to 6 p.m. on August 5, 1997;
* High temperature days (> 25&nbsp;°C) : 59.3;
* Rain days: 120.

{{Weather box|width=auto
|location = Fontenay-aux-Roses (1981–2010 normals, extremes 1981–2009)
|single line = Y
|metric first = Y
|Jan record high C = 16.5
|Feb record high C = 20.0
|Mar record high C = 25.0
|Apr record high C = 31.0
|May record high C = 32.0
|Jun record high C = 36.5
|Jul record high C = 37.5
|Aug record high C = 40.0
|Sep record high C = 34.0
|Oct record high C = 29.0
|Nov record high C = 21.0
|Dec record high C = 16.5
|Jan record low C = -16.0
|Feb record low C = -11.0
|Mar record low C = -7.5
|Apr record low C = -2.0
|May record low C = 1.5
|Jun record low C = 5.0
|Jul record low C = 6.5
|Aug record low C = 6.0
|Sep record low C = 5.0
|Oct record low C = -1.0
|Nov record low C = -7.0
|Dec record low C = -9.5
|Jan high C = 7.0
|Feb high C = 8.2
|Mar high C = 12.2
|Apr high C = 15.6
|May high C = 19.8
|Jun high C = 23.1
|Jul high C = 25.7
|Aug high C = 25.6
|Sep high C = 21.4
|Oct high C = 16.5
|Nov high C = 10.8
|Dec high C = 7.6
|year high C = 16.2
|Jan mean C = 4.4
|Feb mean C = 5.1
|Mar mean C = 8.3
|Apr mean C = 11.0
|May mean C = 14.9
|Jun mean C = 18.0
|Jul mean C = 20.3
|Aug mean C = 20.1
|Sep mean C = 16.6
|Oct mean C = 12.6
|Nov mean C = 7.7
|Dec mean C = 5.2
|year mean C = 12.1
|Jan low C = 1.8
|Feb low C = 2.1
|Mar low C = 4.4
|Apr low C = 6.4
|May low C = 10.1
|Jun low C = 12.9
|Jul low C = 14.9
|Aug low C = 14.7
|Sep low C = 11.9
|Oct low C = 8.7
|Nov low C = 4.7
|Dec low C = 2.6
|year low C = 8.0
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 55.7
|Feb precipitation mm = 46.2
|Mar precipitation mm = 49.3
|Apr precipitation mm = 53.3
|May precipitation mm = 60.0
|Jun precipitation mm = 48.5
|Jul precipitation mm = 58.7
|Aug precipitation mm = 55.3
|Sep precipitation mm = 51.1
|Oct precipitation mm = 63.7
|Nov precipitation mm = 50.9
|Dec precipitation mm = 60.3
|year precipitation mm = 653.0
|unit precipitation days = 1.0 mm
|Jan precipitation days = 11.5
|Feb precipitation days = 9.9
|Mar precipitation days = 11.2
|Apr precipitation days = 10.3
|May precipitation days = 10.6
|Jun precipitation days = 8.7
|Jul precipitation days = 8.6
|Aug precipitation days = 7.7
|Sep precipitation days = 8.5
|Oct precipitation days = 10.6
|Nov precipitation days = 10.8
|Dec precipitation days = 11.6
|year precipitation days = 120.0
|source 1 = [[Météo-France]]<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://donneespubliques.meteofrance.fr/FichesClim/FICHECLIM_92032001.pdf
|title=Fiche Climatologique Statistiques 1991–2020 et records
| publisher = [[Météo-France]]
| access-date = August 24, 2022}}</ref>}}

== Transport ==

Fontenay-aux-Roses is served by [[Fontenay-aux-Roses (Paris RER)|Fontenay-aux-Roses]] station on Paris [[RER B|RER line B]] and Tram line 6 from Chatillon Montrouge metro to Viroflay. In addition, several bus lines 194, 294, 394, 390, 162, 195... cross the city to Paris and other suburban cities.

==Population==

{{Historical populations
| align = none
| cols = 2
| percentages = pagr
| source = EHESS<ref name=ehess>{{Cassini-Ehess|14278|Fontenay-aux-Roses}}</ref> and INSEE (1968–2017)<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-92032#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE</ref>
| graph-pos = bottom
|1793 |942
|1800 |722
|1806 |877
|1821 |804
|1831 |1021
|1836 |967
|1841 |1092
|1846 |1076
|1851 |1176
|1856 |1669
|1861 |2157
|1866 |2386
|1872 |2362
|1876 |2924
|1881 |2849
|1886 |2935
|1891 |2652
|1896 |3343
|1901 |3402
|1906 |4082
|1911 |4463
|1921 |5202
|1926 |5943
|1931 |6870
|1936 |7197
|1946 |7455
|1954 |8626
|1962 |20237
|1968 |23355
|1975 |25596
|1982 |23915
|1990 |23322
|1999 |23537
|2007 |24066
|2012 |22866
|2017 |24564
}}

== Education ==

Primary schools in the commune:<ref>"[http://www.fontenay-aux-roses.fr/ensemble-a-tous-ages/de-3-a-10-ans/ecoles-de-la-ville-et-inscriptions.htm Ecoles de la ville et inscriptions] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161201032055/http://www.fontenay-aux-roses.fr/ensemble-a-tous-ages/de-3-a-10-ans/ecoles-de-la-ville-et-inscriptions.htm |date=2016-12-01 }}." Fontenay-aux-Roses. Retrieved on September 9, 2016. [http://www.fontenay-aux-roses.fr/fileadmin/fontenay/MEDIA/ensemble_tousages/enfants/secteurs_scolaires.jpg Attendance boundary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201006212916/https://www.fontenay-aux-roses.fr/176/inscription-a-lecole.htm/ |date=2020-10-06 }}</ref>
* Six public preschools (''maternelles''): La Roue, Les Ormeaux, Les Pervenches, Les Renards, Jean Macé, Scarron
* Six public elementary schools: La Roue A, La Roue B, Le Parc, Les Ormeaux, Les Pervenches, Les Renards
* One private preschool and elementary school: Maternelle et Élémentaire St-Vincent de Paul

There is a public junior high school, Collège les Ormeaux.<ref>[http://www.clg-ormeaux-fontenay.ac-versailles.fr/ Home]. Collège les Ormeaux. Retrieved on September 9, 2016.</ref>

[[Lycée professionnel privé Saint François d'Assise]], a private vocational high school, is in the commune.<ref>[http://www.stfrancoisdassise.com/ Home]. [[Lycée professionnel privé Saint François d'Assise]]. Retrieved on September 9, 2016.</ref>

== Neighboring places ==

* [[Bagneux, Hauts-de-Seine|Bagneux]]
* [[Châtillon, Hauts-de-Seine|Châtillon]]
* [[Clamart]]
* [[Le Plessis-Robinson]]
* [[Sceaux, Hauts-de-Seine|Sceaux]]

== Twin towns ==

* {{Flagicon|UK}} [[Borehamwood]], [[United Kingdom]] since 1974
* {{Flagicon|Germany}} [[Wiesloch]], [[Germany]] since 1982
Links between Wiesloch and Fontenay-aux-Roses are very strong. Indeed, many school projects are organized each year.

== Personalities ==

* [[Paul Scarron]] (1610–1660) – writer, lived in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
* [[Thérésa Tallien|Theresa Cabarrus]] (1773–1835) – Known as "Madame Tallien" whose residence has become the École Normale Supérieure de Fontenay-aux-Roses.
* [[Aristide Boucicaut]] (1810–1877) – Founder of the Bon Marché and benefactor of the town, has long lived in Fontenay where he owned a large residence (known as the "castle Boucicaut and razed in 1954) it was also a member of the municipal council and was even elected mayor in 1871. However, he refused the post, and preferred to remain an alderman.
* [[Joris-Karl Huysmans]] (1848–1907) – Worked in Fontenay in July 1881 on his novel ''À Rebours''; it is the setting for the aesthetic experiments of the decadent aristocrat des Esseintes.  
* [[Ferdinand Lot]] (1866–1952) – medieval historian, lived in Fontenay-aux-Roses for a long time; he is buried in the family tomb.
* [[Pierre Bonnard]] (1867–1947) – Born in Fontenay at the corner of d'Estienne d'Orves Neyts and André, near the College des Ormeaux, painter.
* [[Paul Léautaud]] (1872–1956) – writer, lived in Fontenay (24, rue Guérard).
* [[Nikolai Semashko (medicine)|Nikolai Semashko]] (1874–1949) – First People's Commissar for Health of the RSFSR and founder of the Soviet healthcare system lived in Fontenay (48, rue des Châtaigniers) before World War I.
* [[Thérèse Sclafert]] (1878–1959) – French alpine geographer and historian
* [[Jacques Déprats]] (1880–1935) – Born in Fontenay, geologist.
* [[Valery Larbaud]] (1881–1957) – writer, lived in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
* [[Mikhail Larionov]] (1881–1964) – Painter of the Russian avant-garde, died in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
* [[Alexandra Exter]] (1882–1949) – Artist of the Ukrainian & Russian avant-garde, died at Fontenay-aux-Roses.
* [[René Barthélemy]] (1889–1954) – French physicist, lived in Fontenay and is based on communal cemetery.
* [[René Letourneur]] (1898–1990) – Painter and sculptor, lived in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
* [[Boris Vildé]] (1908–1942) – Resistance fighter executed by the Germans, lived in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
* [[Yves Klein]] (1928–1962) – painter, lived in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
* [[Dieudonné (comedian)|Dieudonné]] (born 1966) – comedian, born in Fontenay.
* [[Laurent Aïello]] (born 1969) – Born in Fontenay, racing driver.
* [[Kamsoo Queen]] (born 1982) – model, comedian, lives in Fontenay-aux-Roses.
* [[Andrei Sinyavsky]] (1925–1997) – Russian writer, dissident, gulag survivor.
* [[Ilona Mitrecey]] (born 1993) – French singer, born in Fontenay-aux-Roses.

== See also ==
* [[Communes of the Hauts-de-Seine department]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons}}
* [http://www.fontenay-aux-roses.fr Fontenay-aux-Roses City Hall]

{{Paris Metropolitan Area}}
{{Hauts-de-Seine communes}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Fontenayauxroses}}
[[Category:Communes of Hauts-de-Seine]]