View source for Foreign relations of Timor-Leste

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{{EngvarB|date=October 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2015}}{{Politics of Timor-Leste}}
After the [[East Timorese independence referendum, 1999|referendum]] on independence on 30 August 1999, [[Timor-Leste]] became an independent nation on 20 May 2002 and began initiating diplomatic relations with the rest of the global community.

==Policy==
The foreign policy of Timor-Leste has been defined by its position as a small state surrounded by two much larger powers. Rather than formally aligning with any particular state or bloc, Timor-Leste has sought a diverse set of positive relationships. Upon independence foreign policy was shaped by [[José Ramos-Horta]], who has previously campaigned internationally for East Timorese independence. Ramos-Horta was a proponent of [[Internationalism (politics)|Internationalism]], and held sway until 2012. Following elections in 2012, leaders such as [[Xanana Gusmão]] and [[Taur Matan Ruak]] pursued a slightly more nationalistic foreign policy.<ref name="Strating2018">{{cite book |last1=Strating |first1=Rebecca |title=The Post-Colonial Security Dilemma: Timor-Leste and the International Community |date=20 November 2018 |publisher=ISEAS-Yusof Ishak Institute |isbn=9789814818407 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3tuSDwAAQBAJ |access-date=3 July 2022 |archive-date=26 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230326184358/https://books.google.com/books?id=3tuSDwAAQBAJ |url-status=live }}</ref>{{rp|14–17, 20}}

Timor-Leste has pursued membership in a variety of multilateral forums, positioning itself as a reliable international actor. This promotion of [[international law]] is tied to the countries own security needs. Its broad global relations are shaped by its history, with its ties outside of its immediate region influenced by Catholicism, and by Portuguese colonial history. Regionally, its relations are influenced by cultural links to nearby regions, as well by the need to ensure security and independence in the light of the power imbalance between Timor-Leste and its neighbours, Australia and Indonesia.<ref name="Strating2018"/>{{rp|18–20}} Upon independence, it sought membership of [[ASEAN]], despite historical ASEAN support of the Indonesian position and cultural links with [[Melanesia]] that were part of the East Timorese identity.<ref name="Strating2018"/>{{rp|85}}

==Diplomatic relations==

List of countries which Timor-Leste maintains diplomatic relations with:
{| class="wikitable sortable"
! colspan="3" |[[File:Diplomatic relations of Timor-Leste.svg|frameless|425x425px]]
|-
!#
!Country
!Date<ref name="gov.tl">{{Cite web |title=Country and region |url=https://mnec.gov.tl/tp/countrynregion |website=mnec.gov.tl |access-date=15 March 2025 |lang=tet}}</ref>
|-
|1
|{{Flag|China}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=China, East Timor Establish Diplomatic Relations|url=http://www.china.org.cn/english/FR/32953.htm|url-status=live|access-date=25 December 2021|archive-date=19 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221119070400/http://www.china.org.cn/english/FR/32953.htm}}</ref>
|-
|2
|{{Flag|Norway}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref name="mfa.go.th">{{Cite web|title=Day of the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between Thailand and East Timor 20 May 2002 (the third country after China and Norway) (in Thai)|url=https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content/5d5bcc1b15e39c3060009fbb?cate=5d5bcb4e15e39c3060006870|url-status=dead|access-date=26 December 2021|archive-date=26 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226171112/https://www.mfa.go.th/th/content/5d5bcc1b15e39c3060009fbb?cate=5d5bcb4e15e39c3060006870}}</ref>
|-
|3
|{{Flag|Thailand}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref name="mfa.go.th" />
|-
|4
|{{Flag|Algeria}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Presentation of Credentials to the President of Timor Leste 15/11/2021. Embassy of Algeria in Australia |url=https://www.algeriaemb.org.au/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211229013039/http://www.algeriaemb.org.au/ |archive-date=29 December 2021 |access-date=26 December 2021}}</ref>
|-
|5
|{{Flag|Angola}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}
|-
|6
|{{Flag|Australia}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}
|-
|7
|{{Flag|Brazil}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}
|-
|8
|{{Flag|Brunei}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Timor Leste and Brunei Darussalam sign Air Services Agreement |url=https://en.tatoli.tl/2022/07/09/timor-leste-and-brunei-darussalam-sign-air-services-agreement/17/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230321213651/https://en.tatoli.tl/2022/07/09/timor-leste-and-brunei-darussalam-sign-air-services-agreement/17/ |archive-date=21 March 2023 |access-date=21 March 2023 |website=Agencia Noticiosa de Timor-Leste|date=9 July 2022 }}</ref>
|-
|9
|{{Flag|Colombia}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Islas del Pacífico Sur|url=https://www.cancilleria.gov.co/en/internacional/politica/regiones/asia-pacifico/islas-pacifico-sur|url-status=live|access-date=7 January 2022|language=es|archive-date=7 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107002805/https://www.cancilleria.gov.co/en/internacional/politica/regiones/asia-pacifico/islas-pacifico-sur}}</ref>
|-
|10
|{{Flag|Cuba}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Embajada de Cuba en Timor Leste|url=https://twitter.com/embacubatimor1|url-status=live|access-date=26 December 2021|archive-date=26 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226171110/https://twitter.com/embacubatimor1}}</ref>
|-
|11
|{{Flag|Czech Republic}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 June 2022 |title=Ambassador of Timor-Leste to the Kingdom of Belgium and the European Union presented letter of credence to the President of the Czech Republic |url=https://www.facebook.com/Dcsmnectl/posts/pfbid032T9WFQJ2rUwhvUvmYWzomNDEYxaXizmWq7FgHEA6Y5wUKZsW3vSTFbE4g9ZuuuKVl |access-date=27 September 2023 |website=[[Facebook]]}}</ref>
|-
|12
|{{Flag|Egypt}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}
|-
|13
|{{Flag|Germany}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Timor-Leste: Steckbrief |url=https://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/de/service/laender/timorleste-node/timorleste-221370 |website=Auswärtiges Amt |access-date=6 March 2025 |language=de}}</ref>
|-
|14
|{{Flag|Ghana}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}
|-
|15
|{{Flag|Guinea-Bissau}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}
|-
|—
|{{Flag|Holy See}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Diplomatic Relations Of The Holy See|url=https://holyseemission.org/contents/mission/diplomatic-relations-of-the-holy-see.php|url-status=live|access-date=26 December 2021|archive-date=10 January 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210110022620/https://holyseemission.org/contents/mission/diplomatic-relations-of-the-holy-see.php}}</ref>
|-
|16
|{{Flag|Israel}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}
|-
|17
|{{Flag|Japan}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Japan- Timor-Leste Relations (Basic Data)|url=https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/e_timor/data.html|url-status=live|access-date=25 December 2021|archive-date=25 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225211600/https://www.mofa.go.jp/region/asia-paci/e_timor/data.html}}</ref>
|-
|18
|{{Flag|Malaysia}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=The History of the Embassy of Malaysia in Dili, Timor-Leste|url=https://www.kln.gov.my/web/tls_dili/history|url-status=live|access-date=25 December 2021|archive-date=25 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225233422/https://www.kln.gov.my/web/tls_dili/history}}</ref>
|-
|19
|{{Flag|Mozambique}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}
|-
|20
|{{Flag|New Zealand}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=NZ establishes Consulate-General in East Timor |url=https://www.beehive.govt.nz/node/14180 |access-date=21 March 2023 |archive-date=27 March 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230327133606/https://www.beehive.govt.nz/node/14180 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|21
|{{Flag|Philippines}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Republic of the Philippines formally established diplomatic relations with the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste on 20 May 2002. Embassy of Philippines Dili|url=https://dfa.gov.ph/timor-leste|url-status=dead|access-date=25 December 2021|archive-date=25 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225211609/https://dfa.gov.ph/timor-leste}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The Republic of the Philippines and the Democratic Republic of Timor Leste celebrate 19 years of formal diplomatic relations today, May 20|url=https://twitter.com/DFAPHL/status/1395227215894175744|url-status=live|access-date=25 December 2021|archive-date=27 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227214216/https://twitter.com/dfaphl/status/1395227215894175744}}</ref>
|-
|22
|{{Flag|Portugal}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}
|-
|23
|{{Flag|Russia}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=15 years ago Russia and East Timor established diplomatic relations|url=https://twitter.com/mfa_russia/status/865927398512099328|url-status=live|access-date=25 December 2021|archive-date=27 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211227214116/https://twitter.com/mfa_russia/status/865927398512099328}}</ref>
|-
|—
|{{Flag|Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}
|-
|24
|{{Flag|São Tomé and Príncipe}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}
|-
|25
|{{Flag|Singapore}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|date=|title=Diplomatic & consular list|url=ftp://ifs.campus.du.edu/Client/Diplomatic/Diplomatic%20Services/Diplomatic%20Lists/2015%20Singapore.pdf|access-date=23 December 2021|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Singapore|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805103711/ftp://ifs.campus.du.edu/Client/Diplomatic/Diplomatic%20Services/Diplomatic%20Lists/2015%20Singapore.pdf|archive-date=2020-08-05|url-status=dead|page=215}}</ref>
|-
|26
|{{Flag|South Korea}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Recognition of East Timor and Establishment of Diplomatic Relations. MFA Republic of Korea|url=https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/brd/m_5676/view.do?seq=295976&srchFr=&srchTo=&srchWord=&srchTp=&multi_itm_seq=0&itm_seq_1=0&itm_seq_2=0&company_cd=&company_nm=|url-status=live|access-date=27 March 2023|archive-date=19 November 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221119070359/https://www.mofa.go.kr/eng/brd/m_5676/view.do?seq=295976&srchFr=&srchTo=&srchWord=&srchTp=&multi_itm_seq=0&itm_seq_1=0&itm_seq_2=0&company_cd=&company_nm=}}</ref>
|-
|27
|{{Flag|Spain}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}
|-
|28
|{{Flag|Sweden}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Avtal med Östtimor om upprättande av diplomatiska förbindelser (in Swedish)|date=January 2006|url=https://www.regeringen.se/rattsliga-dokument/sveriges-internationella-overenskommelser/2006/01/so-200651/|url-status=live|access-date=26 December 2021|archive-date=26 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226171110/https://www.regeringen.se/rattsliga-dokument/sveriges-internationella-overenskommelser/2006/01/so-200651/}}</ref>
|-
|29
|{{Flag|Turkey}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Relations between Turkey and East Timor|url=http://www.mfa.gov.tr/relations-between-turkey-and-east-timor.en.mfa|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904015937/http://www.mfa.gov.tr/relations-between-turkey-and-east-timor.en.mfa|archive-date=4 September 2017|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|31
|{{Flag|United States}}
|{{dts|20 May 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Guide to the United States' History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776: Timor-Leste |url=https://history.state.gov/countries/timor-leste |url-status=live |access-date=25 December 2021 |archive-date=17 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220217060213/https://history.state.gov/countries/timor-leste}}</ref>
|-
|32
|{{Flag|Canada}}
|{{dts|May 2002}}
|-
|33
|{{Flag|Qatar}}
|{{dts|May 2002}}
|-
|34
|{{Flag|Bangladesh}}
|{{dts|7 June 2002}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=12 December 2024 |title=President of Timor-Leste coming to Bangladesh on state-visit |url=https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/foreign-affairs/367949/president-of-timor-leste-coming-to-bangladesh-on |access-date=16 March 2025}}</ref>
|-
|35
|{{Flag|Cyprus}}
|{{dts|12 June 2002}}
|-
|36
|{{Flag|Finland}}
|{{dts|20 June 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Finland and Timor-Leste|url=https://finlandabroad.fi/web/tls/finland-and-timor-leste|url-status=live|access-date=25 December 2021|archive-date=25 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225211618/https://finlandabroad.fi/web/tls/finland-and-timor-leste}}</ref>
|-
|37
|{{Flag|Indonesia}}
|{{dts|2 July 2002}}
|-
|38
|{{Flag|Papua New Guinea}}
|{{dts|19 July 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=PNG and East Timor establish full diplomatic relations |website=[[Radio New Zealand]] |date=22 July 2002 |url=https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/140148/png-and-east-timor-establish-full-diplomatic-relations |url-status=live |access-date=26 December 2021 |archive-date=26 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226171110/https://www.rnz.co.nz/international/pacific-news/140148/png-and-east-timor-establish-full-diplomatic-relations}}</ref>
|-
|39
|{{Flag|Vietnam}}
|{{dts|28 July 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tăng cường hợp tác nhiều mặt Việt Nam-Timor Leste (in Vietnamese) |url=https://tuyengiao.vn/thoi-su/tang-cuong-hop-tac-nhieu-mat-viet-nam-timor-leste-56188 |url-status=live |access-date=25 December 2021 |archive-date=25 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225233420/https://tuyengiao.vn/thoi-su/tang-cuong-hop-tac-nhieu-mat-viet-nam-timor-leste-56188}}</ref>
|-
|40
|{{Flag|Cambodia}}
|{{dts|29 July 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Press Release |website=[[Facebook]] |url=https://www.facebook.com/mfaic.gov.kh/photos/on-29-30-august-2019-at-the-invitation-of-his-excellency-taur-matan-ruak-prime-m/1632117236918857/ |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/iarchive/facebook/381324148664845/1632117236918857 |archive-date=2022-02-26 |url-access=limited |url-status=live}}{{cbignore}}</ref>
|-
|41
|{{Flag|France}}
|{{dts|29 July 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Les Acteurs Français Dans Le "Post-Conflit" |url=https://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/acteurs-post-conflit-crise.pdf |access-date=9 November 2023 |website=diplomatie.gouv.fr |page=78 |language=fr}}</ref>
|-
|42
|{{Flag|Laos}}
|{{dts|29 July 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=LIST OF STATES WHICH THE LAO PDR HAS ESTABLISHED DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS SINCE 1950 |url=https://www.laosembassy.net/LIST%20OF%20STATES%20WHICH%20THE%20LAO%20PDR.pdf |url-status=live |access-date=25 December 2021 |archive-date=29 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211229021732/http://www.laosembassy.net/LIST%20OF%20STATES%20WHICH%20THE%20LAO%20PDR.pdf}}</ref>
|-
|43
|{{Flag|Palau}}
|{{dts|16 August 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Countries with which Palau has Diplomatic Relations |url=https://www.doi.gov/sites/doi.gov/files/migrated/oia/islands/upload/PalauDipRelations.pdf |url-status=dead |access-date=26 December 2021 |archive-date=17 March 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160317135821/https://www.doi.gov/sites/doi.gov/files/migrated/oia/islands/upload/PalauDipRelations.pdf}}</ref>
|-
|44
|{{Flag|Vanuatu}}
|{{dts|21 August 2002}}<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=Asia/Pacific Division |url=http://mofa.gov.vu/index.php/en/foreign-affairs/divisions/asia-pacific-division.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170517073408/http://mofa.gov.vu/index.php/en/foreign-affairs/divisions/asia-pacific-division.html |archive-date=17 May 2017 |access-date=7 September 2022}}</ref>
|-
|45
|{{Flag|Fiji}}
|{{dts|22 August 2002}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=23 August 2002 |title=Fiji and East Timor formalize diplomatic relations |url=http://www.pireport.org/articles/2002/08/23/fiji-and-east-timor-formalize-diplomatic-relations |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210814103014/http://www.pireport.org/articles/2002/08/23/fiji-and-east-timor-formalize-diplomatic-relations |archive-date=14 August 2021 |access-date=1 July 2021 |work=Pacific Islands Report}}</ref>
|-
|46
|{{Flag|Chile}}
|{{dts|16 September 2002}}
|-
|47
|{{Flag|Switzerland}}
|{{dts|16 September 2002}}
|-
|48
|{{Flag|Austria}}
|{{dts|20 September 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=1 December 2023 |title=Austria plans to open its consulate in TL |url=https://en.tatoli.tl/2023/12/01/austria-plans-to-open-its-consulate-in-tl/09/#:~:text=Austria%20and%20Timor%2DLeste%20began,various%20initiatives%20and%20diplomatic%20exchanges. |access-date=28 December 2023 |website=Tatoli-Agencia Noticiosa de Timor-Leste}}</ref>
|-
|49
|{{Flag|Peru}}
|{{dts|30 September 2002}}
|-
|50
|{{Flag|Belgium}}
|{{dts|3 October 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Accord entre le Royaume de Belgique et la République démocratique de Timor oriental relatif à l'établissement de relations diplomatiques et consulaires par échange de notes diplomatiques |date=3 February 2003 |url=https://etaamb.openjustice.be/fr/accord-international-du-03-fevrier-2003_n2003015156.html |url-status=live |access-date=26 December 2021 |archive-date=26 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226171116/https://etaamb.openjustice.be/fr/accord-international-du-03-fevrier-2003_n2003015156.html}}</ref>
|-
|51
|{{Flag|Slovakia}}
|{{dts|17 October 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=EKONOMICKÁ INFORMÁCIA O TERITÓRIU - Východný Timor |url=https://www.mzv.sk/documents/10182/620840/Východný+Timor+-+ekonomické+informácie+o+teritóriu+2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191107065120/https://www.mzv.sk/documents/10182/620840/Východný+Timor+-+ekonomické+informácie+o+teritóriu+2019 |archive-date=7 November 2019 |access-date=18 March 2022}}</ref>
|-
|52
|{{Flag|Argentina}}
|{{dts|11 October 2002}}
|-
|53
|{{Flag|North Korea}}
|{{dts|5 November 2002}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=DPRK Diplomatic Relations. Page 7|url=https://www.ncnk.org/sites/default/files/issue-briefs/DPRK_Diplo_Relations_August2016.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=26 December 2021|archive-date=9 October 2022|archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221009/https://www.ncnk.org/sites/default/files/issue-briefs/DPRK_Diplo_Relations_August2016.pdf}}</ref>
|-
|54
|{{Flag|Poland}}
|{{dts|18 November 2002}}
|-
|55
|{{Flag|Maldives}}
|{{dts|26 November 2002}}<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic relations between Timor-Leste and ... |url=https://digitallibrary.un.org/search?ln=en&as=1&m1=p&p1=Diplomatic%20relations%20between%20Timor-Leste%20and%20...&f1=series&op1=a&m2=a&p2=&f2=&op2=a&m3=a&p3=&f3=&dt=&d1d=&d1m=&d1y=&d2d=&d2m=&d2y=&rm=&sf=year&so=a&rg=50&c=United%20Nations%20Digital%20Library%20System&of=hb&fti=0&fti=0 |access-date=14 June 2023 |website=United Nations Digital Library}}</ref>
|-
|56
|{{Flag|Tonga}}
|{{dts|26 November 2002}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|57
|{{Flag|Romania}}
|{{dts|20 December 2002}}
|-
|—
|{{Flag|Cook Islands}}
|{{dts|2002}}<ref name=":02">{{cite web |author=Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Immigration |date=2015 |title=Foreign Affairs |url=http://www.mfai.gov.ck/index.php/foreign-affairs.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151018090642/http://www.mfai.gov.ck/index.php/foreign-affairs.html |archive-date=2015-10-18 |access-date=2015-10-08 |publisher=Cook Islands Government}}</ref>
|-
|58
|{{Flag|Italy}}
|{{dts|2002}}
|-
|59
|{{Flag|United Kingdom}}
|{{dts|2002}}
|-
|59
|{{Flag|Bulgaria}}
|{{dts|21 January 2003}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=ОТНОШЕНИЯ НА РЕПУБЛИКА БЪЛГАРИЯ С ДЪРЖАВИТЕ ОТ АЗИАТСКО -ТИХООКЕАНСКИЯ РЕГИОН (in Bulgarian)|url=https://obuch.info/otnosheniya-na-republika-blgariya-s-drjavite-ot-aziatsko--tiho.html|url-status=live|access-date=26 December 2021|archive-date=26 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226171112/https://obuch.info/otnosheniya-na-republika-blgariya-s-drjavite-ot-aziatsko--tiho.html}}</ref>
|-
|60
|{{Flag|Hungary}}
|{{dts|21 January 2003}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=ÁLTALÁNOS ORSZÁGISMERTETŐ - KELET-TIMOR (in Hungarian)|url=https://jakarta.mfa.gov.hu/page/altalanos-orszagismerteto-kelet-timor|url-status=live|access-date=26 December 2021|archive-date=26 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226171113/https://jakarta.mfa.gov.hu/page/altalanos-orszagismerteto-kelet-timor}}</ref>
|-
|61
|{{Flag|India}}
|{{dts|24 January 2003}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=India – Timor Leste : Bilateral Relations |url=https://www.mea.gov.in/Portal/ForeignRelation/UNCLASSIFIED_BILATERAL_BRIEF__ON_TIMOR_LESTE.pdf |access-date=20 December 2024 |website=mea.gov.in}}</ref>
|-
|62
|{{Flag|Ireland}}
|{{dts|31 January 2003}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|63
|{{Flag|South Africa}}
|{{dts|3 February 2003}}
|-
|64
|{{Flag|Croatia}}
|{{dts|5 February 2003}}
|-
|65
|{{Flag|Denmark}}
|{{dts|12 February 2003}}<ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Diplomatic missions - Accredited Embassies to Timor-Leste from overseas |url=http://www.mfac.gov.tp/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111013181113/http://www.mfac.gov.tp/ |archive-date=13 October 2011 |access-date=17 October 2023}}</ref>
|-
|66
|{{Flag|Mauritius}}
|{{dts|20 March 2003}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|67
|{{Flag|North Macedonia}}
|{{dts|25 March 2003}}
|-
|68
|{{Flag|Slovenia}}
|{{dts|3 April 2003}}
|-
|69
|{{Flag|Greece}}
|{{dts|4 April 2003}}
|-
|70
|{{Flag|Belize}}
|{{dts|15 April 2003}}
|-
|71
|{{Flag|Costa Rica}}
|{{dts|14 May 2003}}
|-
|72
|{{Flag|Cameroon}}
|{{dts|20 May 2003}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|73
|{{Flag|Malta}}
|{{dts|20 May 2003}}
|-
|74
|{{Flag|El Salvador}}
|{{dts|23 May 2003}}
|-
|75
|{{Flag|Mexico}}
|{{dts|26 September 2003}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|76
|{{Flag|Ukraine}}
|{{dts|27 September 2003}}
|-
|77
|{{Flag|Namibia}}
|{{dts|1 October 2003}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|78
|{{Flag|Mongolia}}
|{{dts|28 October 2003}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=LIST OF COUNTRIES MAINTAINING DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS WITH MONGOLIA|url=http://www.mfa.gov.mn/old/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/diplist-2020-draft-20200729.pdf|url-status=live|access-date=25 December 2021|archive-date=28 September 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220928021439/http://www.mfa.gov.mn/old/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/diplist-2020-draft-20200729.pdf}}</ref>
|-
|79
|{{Flag|Iran}}
|{{dts|10 November 2003}}
|-
|80
|{{Flag|Netherlands}}
|{{dts|17 November 2003}}<ref name=":2" />
|-
|81
|{{Flag|Iceland}}
|{{dts|4 December 2003}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|82
|{{Flag|Kuwait}}
|{{dts|16 December 2003}}
|-
|83
|{{Flag|Armenia}}
|{{dts|23 December 2003}}
|-
|—
|{{Flag|State of Palestine}}
|{{dts|1 March 2004}}
|-
|84
|{{Flag|Azerbaijan}}
|{{dts|5 April 2004}}
|-
|85
|{{Flag|Samoa}}
|{{dts|27 July 2004}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=list of countries who which established diplomatic relations with Samoa|url=https://www.mfat.gov.ws/embassies/countries-with-established-diplomatic-relations-with-samoa/|url-status=live|access-date=26 December 2021|archive-date=4 November 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211104181756/https://www.mfat.gov.ws/embassies/countries-with-established-diplomatic-relations-with-samoa/}}</ref>
|-
|86
|{{Flag|Nigeria}}
|{{dts|2004}}
|-
|87
|{{Flag|Bosnia and Herzegovina}}
|{{dts|22 March 2005}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Lista zemalja koje su priznale Bosnu i Hercegovinu i datumi uspostavljanja diplomatskih odnosa|url=http://www.mvp.gov.ba/vanjska_politika_bih/bilateralni_odnosi/datumi_priznanja_i_uspostave_diplomatskih_odnosa/?id=6|url-status=live|access-date=26 December 2021|archive-date=18 July 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160718044900/http://www.mvp.gov.ba/vanjska_politika_bih/bilateralni_odnosi/datumi_priznanja_i_uspostave_diplomatskih_odnosa/?id=6}}</ref>
|-
|88
|{{Flag|Lebanon}}
|{{dts|April 2005}}
|-
|89
|{{Flag|Tajikistan}}
|{{dts|4 October 2005}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|90
|{{Flag|Venezuela}}
|{{dts|5 October 2005}}<ref>{{Cite web|date=11 October 2021|title=2005: Gaceta 38305: RESOLUCIÓN: RELACIONES EXTERIORES: ESTABLECIMIENTO DE RELACIONES DIPLOMATICAS ENTRE VENEZUELA Y TIMOR ORIENTAL.|url=https://www.leyes.io/venezuela/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2750:2005-gaceta-38305-resolucion-relaciones-exteriores-establecimiento-de-relaciones-diplomaticas-entre-venezuela-y-timor-oriental&catid=8&Itemid=127|url-status=live|access-date=7 January 2022|language=es|archive-date=7 January 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220107004310/https://www.leyes.io/venezuela/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=2750:2005-gaceta-38305-resolucion-relaciones-exteriores-establecimiento-de-relaciones-diplomaticas-entre-venezuela-y-timor-oriental&catid=8&Itemid=127}}</ref>
|-
|91
|{{Flag|Estonia}}
|{{dts|21 December 2005}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Diplomaatiliste suhete (taas)kehtestamise kronoloogia (in Estonian)|url=https://vm.ee/et/tegevused-eesmargid/diplomaatiliste-suhete-taaskehtestamise-kronoloogia|url-status=live|access-date=26 December 2021|archive-date=24 February 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200224220228/https://vm.ee/et/tegevused-eesmargid/diplomaatiliste-suhete-taaskehtestamise-kronoloogia}}</ref>
|-
|—
|{{Flag|Sovereign Military Order of Malta}}
|{{dts|18 September 2006}}
|-
|92
|{{Flag|Myanmar}}
|{{dts|26 September 2006}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|93
|{{Flag|Republic of the Congo}}
|{{dts|7 November 2006}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|94
|{{Flag|Luxembourg}}
|{{dts|27 September 2007}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|95
|{{Flag|Dominican Republic}}
|{{dts|24 October 2007}}
|-
|96
|{{Flag|Nicaragua}}
|{{dts|2 November 2007}}
|-
|97
|{{Flag|Uruguay}}
|{{dts|23 September 2008}}
|-
|98
|{{Flag|United Arab Emirates}}
|{{dts|13 November 2009}}
|-
|99
|{{Flag|Cape Verde}}
|{{dts|18 November 2009}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Cabo Verde:Dili abre embaixada em Cabo Verde|date=4 March 2016|url=https://www.pambazuka.org/pt/governance/cabo-verdedili-abre-embaixada-em-cabo-verde|url-status=live|access-date=26 December 2021|archive-date=26 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226184152/https://www.pambazuka.org/pt/governance/cabo-verdedili-abre-embaixada-em-cabo-verde}}</ref> 
|-
|100
|{{Flag|Monaco}}
|{{dts|19 February 2010}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Remise des lettres de créance de S.E. Monsieur Joaquim Antonio Maria Lopes DA FONSECA, Ambassadeur Extraordinaire et Plénipotentiaire de la République Démocratique du Timor Leste|url=https://www.palais.mc/en/news/h-s-h-prince-albert-ii/meeting/2010/may/remise-des-lettres-de-creance-de-s-e-monsieur-joaquim-antonio-maria-lopes-da-fonseca-ambassadeur-extraordinaire-et-plenipotentiaire-de-la-republique-democratique-du-timor-leste-1761.html|url-status=live|access-date=26 December 2021|archive-date=26 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226182354/https://www.palais.mc/en/news/h-s-h-prince-albert-ii/meeting/2010/may/remise-des-lettres-de-creance-de-s-e-monsieur-joaquim-antonio-maria-lopes-da-fonseca-ambassadeur-extraordinaire-et-plenipotentiaire-de-la-republique-democratique-du-timor-leste-1761.html}}</ref>
|-
|101
|{{Flag|Montenegro}}
|{{dts|24 September 2010}}
|-
|102
|{{Flag|Ecuador}}
|{{dts|8 September 2011}}
|-
|103
|{{Flag|Andorra}}
|{{dts|20 September 2011}}
|-
|104
|{{Flag|San Marino}}
|{{dts|7 October 2011}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Bilateral relations|url=http://www.esteri.sm/on-line/en/home/foreign-affairs/international-relations.html|access-date=21 February 2019|website=Ministry of Foreign Affairs of San Marino|archive-date=22 February 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190222151928/http://www.esteri.sm/on-line/en/home/foreign-affairs/international-relations.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
|-
|105
|{{Flag|South Sudan}}
|{{dts|13 October 2011}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|106
|{{Flag|Solomon Islands}}
|{{dts|21 December 2011}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|107
|{{Flag|Georgia}}
|{{dts|22 December 2011}}
|-
|108
|{{Flag|Tuvalu}}
|{{dts|8 September 2012}}<ref>{{Cite web |title=Asia |url=https://dfa.gov.tv/index.php/asia/ |access-date=9 August 2022 |archive-date=9 August 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220809163413/https://dfa.gov.tv/index.php/asia/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|109
|{{Flag|Haiti}}
|{{dts|October 2012}}<ref>{{Cite news |date=13 November 2012 |title=Haïti - Politique : Le Timor Oriental fait don d'1 millions de dollars à Haïti |url=https://www.haitilibre.com/article-7143-haiti-politique-le-timor-oriental-fait-don-d-1-millions-de-dollars-a-haiti.html |work=Haiti Libre |access-date=1 February 2025 |language=fr}}</ref>
|-
|110
|{{Flag|Trinidad and Tobago}}
|{{dts|24 September 2013}}<ref>{{Cite web|title=Timor-Leste and Trinidad and Tobago establish diplomatic relations|url=http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=9028&lang=en|url-status=live|access-date=25 December 2021|archive-date=25 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225233419/http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=9028&lang=en}}</ref>
|-
|111
|{{Flag|Latvia}}
|{{dts|27 September 2013}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|112
|{{Flag|Lithuania}}
|{{dts|27 September 2013}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|113
|{{Flag|Jamaica}}
|{{dts|27 September 2014}}
|-
|114
|{{Flag|Belarus}}
|{{dts|1 October 2014}}
|-
|115
|{{Flag|Equatorial Guinea}}
|{{dts|2014}}
|-
|116
|{{Flag|Saudi Arabia}}
|{{dts|29 January 2015}}
|-
|117
|{{Flag|Pakistan}}
|{{dts|27 September 2016}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=27 September 2016 |title=Ambassador Aqil Nadeem currently in East Timor to present his credentials to the President of East Timor had detailed interaction with Pakistani community. |website=[[Facebook]] |url=https://www.facebook.com/embassyofpakistan/posts/pfbid02y5MMAsVeA3sR4TQHVZP1NYgDqdJyvgwuqjVsovePMwbDUp4XcvH6LtK6JmNRSZr8l |access-date=15 February 2025}}</ref>
|-
|118
|{{Flag|Marshall Islands}}
|{{dts|25 September 2019}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|119
|{{Flag|Bahrain}}
|{{dts|27 September 2019}}
|-
|120
|{{Flag|Dominica}}
|{{dts|15 November 2021}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|121
|{{Flag|Serbia}}
|{{dts|20 December 2021}}
|-
|122
|{{Flag|Nepal}}
|{{dts|11 February 2022}}
|-
|—
|{{Flag|Kosovo}}
|{{dts|9 March 2022}}
|-
|124
|{{Flag|Oman}}
|{{dts|30 March 2022}}
|-
|124
|{{Flag|Sri Lanka}}
|{{dts|4 May 2022}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|125
|{{Flag|Paraguay}}
|{{dts|18 September 2022}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|126
|{{Flag|Panama}}
|{{dts|20 September 2022}}<ref>{{Cite web |date=22 September 2022 |title=Together with Foreign Minister ErikaMouynes of Panama, I signed Joint Communique on the Establishment of Diplomatic Relations between TimorLeste & Panama in the margins on the 77th Session of the #NGA (20/09) |url=https://twitter.com/AdaljizaM/status/1572786372683137024 |access-date=22 September 2022 |archive-date=22 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220922081720/https://twitter.com/AdaljizaM/status/1572786372683137024 |url-status=live }}</ref>
|-
|127
|{{flag|Guatemala}}
|{{dts|3 April 2023}}<ref>{{cite web |title=Relaciones Diplomáticas de Guatemala |url=https://www.minex.gob.gt/DirectorioPaisesRelacion.aspx |access-date=24 July 2021 |language=es}}</ref>
|-
|128
|{{Flag|Benin}}
|{{dts|10 October 2023}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|129
|{{Flag|Saint Lucia}}
|{{dts|8 November 2023}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|130
|{{Flag|Bolivia}}
|{{dts|26 July 2024}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|131
|{{Flag|Uganda}}
|{{dts|13 August 2024}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|132
|{{Flag|Jordan}}
|{{dts|22 November 2024}}<ref name=":0" />
|-
|133
|{{flag|Togo}}
|Unknown<ref>{{Cite web |date=2 June 2014 |title=Primeiro-Ministro nomeado para o Conselho Consultivo do g7+ durante a Visita Oficial ao Togo |url=http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=10118 |access-date=5 October 2023 |language=pt}}</ref>
|}

== Bilateral relations ==
{| class="wikitable sortable" style="width:100%; margin:auto;"
|-
! style="width:15%;"| Country
! style="width:12%;"| Formal Relations Began
!Notes
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Australia}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Australia–Timor-Leste relations]]

Australia and Timor-Leste are near neighbours with close political and trade ties. For many years Australia implicitly supported the Indonesian occupation of East Timor, giving priority to the policy of maintaining good relations with Indonesia. This policy was however changed in the late 1990s, when Australia began to support the UN. Since then, Australia has played a prominent role in the young republic's history. Australia led the military force that helped stabilise the country after it chose independence from [[Indonesia]] in 1999 and also after the internal conflict in 2006 and has been a major source of aid since.
* Australia has an embassy in [[Dili]].
* Timor-Leste has an embassy in [[Canberra]] and consulates-general in [[Darwin, Northern Territory|Darwin]] and [[Sydney]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Brazil}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Brazil–Timor-Leste relations]]

Brazil and Timor-Leste are both Portuguese-speaking and relations are friendly. Brazil has a co-operation program with Timor-Leste, that includes a wide range of areas, including labour policy, justice, national security, culture, agriculture, education, governance, sports, environment and health.
* Brazil has an embassy in Dili.
* Timor-Leste has an embassy in [[Brasília]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|China}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[China–Timor-Leste relations]]

* China has an embassy in Dili.
* Timor-Leste has an embassy in [[Beijing]].
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Georgia}}||<!--Date started-->||Georgia is represented in Timor by its embassy in [[Jakarta]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://mfa.gov.ge/MainNav/EmbassiesRepresentations/GeorgianMissionsAbroad/Indonesia.aspx |title=Საქართველოს საგარეო საქმეთა სამინისტრო - ინდონეზიის რესპუბლიკა |access-date=3 September 2017 |archive-date=4 May 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180504225748/http://www.mfa.gov.ge/MainNav/EmbassiesRepresentations/GeorgianMissionsAbroad/Indonesia.aspx |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|India}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[India–Timor-Leste relations]]

Relations between Timor-Leste and India date back to the early modern period. Indian traders traveled to the island in search of sandalwood. Trade links increased after the Portuguese colonisation of Timor-Leste and portions of India. The Portuguese set up various garrisoned centres in India to carry out this trade, and all of Portugal's territories in Asia, including Timor-Leste, were governed by the Portuguese Viceroy in Goa. Portuguese-trained Goan missionaries arrived in Timor-Leste in the early 17th century, and were influential in spreading Catholicism in the country. Indians also traveled to Timor-Leste to serve as soldiers, colonial bureaucrats, and missionaries. Some Indians arrived in Timor-Leste in the late 19th century to work as migrant labour. A small community of Timorese nationals of Goan descent trace their heritage back to these previous generations of immigrants.<ref name="LoroHorta">{{cite web|last1=Horta|first1=Loro|title=Relations with a new nation, How far South East is New Delhi prepared togo?|url=http://www.etan.org/et2007/october/06/02rlatons.htm|website=East Timor and Indonesia Action Network|publisher=Pragati - The Indian National Interest Review - No 7|access-date=14 April 2017|date=October 2007|archive-date=17 September 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210917093658/http://www.etan.org/et2007/october/06/02rlatons.htm|url-status=live}}</ref>

India was the second country to recognize the independence of Timor-Leste.<ref name="LoroHorta"/> Minister of State for External Affairs Omar Abdullah led a high-level delegation representing India at Timor-Leste's Independence Day celebrations in May 2002. Abdullah presented letters of felicitations from the President, Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee and Foreign Minister. Diplomatic relations between the two countries was formally established on 24 January 2003. At the UN General Assembly in 2003, Timor-Leste Prime Minister Alkatiri announced his country's support for India's candidature for a permanent seat in the UN Security Council.<ref name="MEA2016">{{cite web|title=India – Timor Leste : Bilateral Relations|url=https://www.mea.gov.in/Portal/ForeignRelation/India_Timor_Leste_Dec2016.pdf|website=Ministry of External Affairs|publisher=Embassy of India, Jakarta|access-date=14 April 2017|date=December 2016|archive-date=15 April 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170415104020/https://www.mea.gov.in/Portal/ForeignRelation/India_Timor_Leste_Dec2016.pdf|url-status=live}}</ref>

India diplomats Kamlesh Sharma and Atul Khare served as the Special Representative of Secretary General (SRSG) in Timor-Leste until 2004 and 2009 respectively. India's DPR in New York was a member of the UN Security Council appointed team that visited Timor-Leste in November to assess the situation on the ground and seek feedback from the all parties regarding the withdrawal of the United Nations Integrated Mission in Timor-Leste (UNMIT)'s and the situation in the country post-withdrawal.<ref name="MEA2016"/>

Timor-Leste voted for India's candidature for a non-permanent seat during 2011–12. The country also supported the election of [[Poonam Khetrapal Singh]] for the post of Regional Director, South East Asia Regional office (SEARO), WHO in September 2013. Timor-Leste co-sponsored a resolution moved by India at the UN General Assembly in January 2015, to declare 21 June as International Yoga Day.<ref name="MEA2016" />

Several high-level visits between officials of the two countries have taken place. East Timorese Vice Minister of Health Natalia D. Araujo visited Delhi to participate in the International Conference on Traditional Medicine for South East Asian Countries in February 2013, and is the first East Timorese government official to visit India. Finance Minister Emilia Pires visited India in May 2013 to attend the ADB Governors' Meeting. Hernani Coelho was the first East Timorese Foreign Minister to India. He arrived in the country on a two-day visit in 27–29 March 2016 and met with the Foreign Minister Sushma Swaraj, Minister of State (VKS) and the Minister of Health & Family Welfare.<ref name="MEA2016" />

At the ASEAN-India Summit 2023 in [[Jakarta]], Prime Minister [[Narendra Modi]] made an announcement that India will soon opening its new embassy in Timorese capital [[Dili]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=India announces decision to establish an Indian Embassy in Timor Leste |url=https://mea.gov.in/press-releases.htm?dtl/37071/India+announces+decision+to+establish+an+Indian+Embassy+in+Timor+Leste |access-date=2023-09-11 |website=mea.gov.in |language=english}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-09-07 |title='Act East in Action - Delhi to Dili': Modi Announces New Indian Embassy in Timor-Leste |url=https://www.news18.com/world/act-east-in-action-delhi-to-dili-modi-announces-new-indian-embassy-in-timor-leste-8567314.html |access-date=2023-09-11 |website=News18 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Bureau |first=The Hindu |date=2023-09-07 |title=Delhi to Dili {{!}} India to open embassy in Timor-Leste |language=en-IN |work=The Hindu |url=https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/delhi-to-dili-india-to-open-embassy-in-timor-leste/article67280145.ece |access-date=2023-09-11 |issn=0971-751X}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Delhi to Dili: PM Modi announces decision to open embassy in Timor-Leste - The Week |url=https://www.theweek.in/news/world/2023/09/07/delhi-to-dili-pm-modi-announces-decision-to-open-embassy-in-timor-leste.html |access-date=2023-09-11 |website=www.theweek.in}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Indonesia}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Indonesia–Timor-Leste relations]]
[[File:Indo-timor border.jpg|thumb|[[Indonesia]]-Timor-Leste border in [[Mota'ain]]]]
Despite the traumatic past, relations with Indonesia are very good.
Indonesia is by far the largest trading partner of Timor-Leste (Approximately 50% of imports, 2005) and is steadily increasing its share.
The East Timor-Indonesia Boundary Committee meets to survey and delimit land boundary; and Indonesia is seeking resolution of East Timorese refugees in Indonesia.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Israel}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Israel–Timor-Leste relations]]

Both countries established diplomatic relations in May 2002.<ref>{{cite web| url = http://mfa.gov.il/MFA/AboutTheMinistry/Pages/Israel-s%20Diplomatic%20Missions%20Abroad.aspx| url-status = dead| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130613000509/http://www.mfa.gov.il/mfa/abouttheministry/pages/israel-s%20diplomatic%20missions%20abroad.aspx| archive-date = 2013-06-13| title = Israel's Diplomatic Missions Abroad: Status of relations}}</ref> 
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Japan}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Japan–Timor-Leste relations]]

* Timor-Leste has an embassy in [[Tokyo]].
* Japan has an embassy in Dili.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.timor-leste.emb-japan.go.jp/itprtop_en/index.html|title=Embassy of Japan in Timor-Leste|access-date=16 January 2018|archive-date=11 January 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180111181405/http://www.timor-leste.emb-japan.go.jp/itprtop_en/index.html|url-status=live}}</ref> 
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Kosovo}}||<!--Date started-->10 March 2022||See [[Kosovo–Timor-Leste relations]]
Timor-Leste recognised the independence of Kosovo on 20 September 2012.<ref>[http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1,4,1479 Timori Lindor njeh pavarësinë e Kosovës] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180620180827/http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=1,4,1479 |date=20 June 2018 }}, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Kosovo, 9 November 2012 (in Albanian)</ref><ref>[http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8067/8171165751_9692eae762_b.jpg Note verbale] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217130209/http://farm9.staticflickr.com/8067/8171165751_9692eae762_b.jpg |date=17 December 2019 }}, Timor-Leste Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 20 September 2012</ref> The two countries established diplomatic relations on 10 March 2022.<ref name="twitter.com">{{Cite web |title=Today, the Republic of Kosova and the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste signed an agreement on establishing diplomatic relations between the two countries. |url=https://twitter.com/MFAKOSOVO/status/1501649733881901056 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220310095442/https://twitter.com/mfakosovo/status/1501649733881901056 |archive-date=10 March 2022 |access-date=10 March 2022}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Malaysia}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Malaysia–Timor-Leste relations]]

Malaysia has contributed to many [[United Nations|UN]] peacekeeping missions on the country, such as one are the [[Operation Astute]] during the [[2006 East Timorese crisis]].<ref name="un">{{cite web|url=http://www.un.int/malaysia/GA/66/66unga68_Timor-Leste.pdf|title=STATEMENT BY H.E. AMBASSADOR HUSSEIN HANIFF, PERMANENT REPRESENTATIVE OF MALAYSIA TO THE UNITED NATIONS AT THE SECURITY COUNCIL DEBATE ON THE SITUATION IN TIMOR-LESTE, NEW YORK, 22 FEBRUARY 2012|publisher=[[United Nations]]|access-date=20 November 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140203103623/http://www.un.int/malaysia/GA/66/66unga68_Timor-Leste.pdf|archive-date=3 February 2014|df=dmy-all}}</ref> Malaysia also has provided assistance to Timor-Leste in the area of 
human resources development through various training programmes and providing assistance to Timor-Leste in its nation building efforts.<ref name="un"/> Currently, Malaysia has been consider by East Timorese as a model to develop their countries.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thesundaily.my/news/845409 |title=Timor Leste hopes to be associated with M'sian Parliamentary Friend |publisher=[[Bernama]], The Sun Daily |date=2 October 2013 |access-date=20 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131002070135/http://www.thesundaily.my/news/845409 |archive-date=2 October 2013 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theborneopost.com/2013/10/02/timor-leste-wants-to-emulate-malaysias-development-plans/ |title=Timor Leste wants to emulate Malaysia's development plans |publisher=[[Bernama]], [[The Borneo Post]] |date=2 October 2013 |access-date=20 November 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202185901/http://www.theborneopost.com/2013/10/02/timor-leste-wants-to-emulate-malaysias-development-plans/ |archive-date=2 February 2014 }}</ref>

Timor-Leste has an embassy in [[Kuala Lumpur]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gaiadiscovery.com/latest-people/timor-leste-strengthens-south-east-asian-relations-with-new.html|title=Timor Leste Strengthens South East Asian Relations with New Embassy in Singapore|publisher=Gaia Discovery|date=5 January 2011|access-date=20 November 2013|archive-date=1 February 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140201223146/http://www.gaiadiscovery.com/latest-people/timor-leste-strengthens-south-east-asian-relations-with-new.html|url-status=live}}</ref> and Malaysia has an embassy in [[Dili]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kln.gov.my/web/tls_dili/home|title=Official Website of Embassy of Malaysia, Dili|publisher=[[Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia]]|access-date=27 January 2014|archive-date=2 January 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140102125255/http://www.kln.gov.my/web/tls_dili/home|url-status=live}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Mexico}}||<!--Date started-->26 September 2003||See [[Mexico–Timor-Leste relations]]
[[File:Honorarkonsulat von Mexiko in Av. Portugal, Pantai Kelapa, Comoro.jpg|thumb|right|Honorary consulate of Mexico in Dili]]

* Timor-Leste is accredited to Mexico from its embassy in [[Washington, D.C.]], United States.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.timorlesteembassy.org/ |title=Embassy of East Timor in the United States |access-date=11 April 2018 |archive-date=1 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201151549/http://www.timorlesteembassy.org/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Mexico is accredited to Timor-Leste from its embassy in Jakarta, Indonesia and maintains an honorary consulate in Dili.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://embamex.sre.gob.mx/indonesia/index.php/es/embajada |title=Embassy of Mexico Indonesia |access-date=11 April 2018 |archive-date=12 April 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180412084552/https://embamex.sre.gob.mx/indonesia/index.php/es/embajada |url-status=live }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Philippines}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Philippines–Timor-Leste relations]]

The Philippines is one of the biggest contributor to the UN-backed peacekeeping missions in Timor-Leste even before the Timor-Leste became independent from Indonesia.

Being the only two predominantly [[Christianity in Asia|Catholic nation in Asia]], relations with the [[Philippines]] became very positive as soon as [[Timor-Leste]] was multilaterally recognised as an independent state. The two countries are now engaged in a growing commercial relationship, as well as cultural and educational exchanges. The Philippines is a vocal supporter of Timor-Leste's membership in [[ASEAN]].

On 6 June 2013, both countries signed three agreements in [[Manila]] concerning infrastructure development, defence and education.<ref name="investvine">{{cite web|url=http://investvine.com/philippines-east-timor-move-closer/|title=Philippines, East Timor move closer|first=Arno|last=Maierbrugger|work=Inside Investor|date=6 June 2013|access-date=7 June 2013|archive-date=10 June 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130610082255/http://investvine.com/philippines-east-timor-move-closer/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Both nations were conquered by the Iberian powers, mainly by [[Spanish Empire|Spain]] and [[Portuguese Empire|Portugal]], in the 16th century.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Portugal}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Portugal–Timor-Leste relations]]
[[File:Europa Haus (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|The [[Casa Europa]] in Dili, the [[European Union]]'s representation in Timor-Leste Embassy of Portugal in Dili]]

Timor-Leste was a colony of Portugal for over 400 years. As a former Portuguese colony, Timor-Leste has a significant proportion of Portuguese speakers. [[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] is one of the two official languages of Timor and it is a full member of the [[Community of Portuguese Language Countries]].

From 1986, Portugal started to make the self-determination of Timor-Leste a major concern of its diplomatic policy, at a time when the occupation of this country by Indonesia was still a matter forgotten by the international community. The diplomatic efforts from Portugal were able to achieve a growing international support, including from countries, as Australia and the US, that hitherto implicitly supported the Indonesian occupation. This efforts would eventually lead to a referendum and the independence of Timor-Leste in 2002.

Other ties include connections between the [[National University of Timor-Leste]] and [[Coimbra University]], and between the military forces of Timor-Leste and Portugal.

Timor-Leste opened its first Embassy abroad in Lisbon on 5 July 2002<ref>{{Cite web|title=Primeira embaixada de Timor-Leste abre hoje em Lisboa|date=5 July 2002 |url=https://www.publico.pt/2002/07/05/mundo/noticia/primeira-embaixada-de-timorleste-abre-hoje-em-lisboa-159525|url-status=live|access-date=26 December 2021|archive-date=26 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211226185436/https://www.publico.pt/2002/07/05/mundo/noticia/primeira-embaixada-de-timorleste-abre-hoje-em-lisboa-159525}}</ref>
* Timor-Leste has an embassy in [[Lisbon]].
* Portugal has an embassy in Dili.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Russia}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Russia–Timor-Leste relations]]

Russia was one of the first countries to recognise Timor-Leste's independence and took part in nearly all UN aid programs, providing food and relief personnel, including civil and transport aviation pilots.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.ruvr.ru/main.php?lng=eng&q=33909&cid=57&p=17.10.2008 |title=Voice of Russia |access-date=2009-07-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091102134741/http://ruvr.ru/main.php?lng=eng |archive-date=2 November 2009 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> After the shooting of [[José Ramos-Horta]] (former president of Timor-Leste), the Russian ministry said; "The Russian side expresses its concern over the attempt on the life of the Timor-Leste president, and hopes political stability in East Timor will be maintained, as a fundamental condition for a successful solution to the complicated problems it is facing. And in the interests of strengthening national unity and ensuring social and economic development."

* Russia is accredited to Timor-Leste from its embassy in Jakarta, Indonesia.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Serbia}}||<!--Date started-->||

Serbia is represented in Timor by its embassy in [[Jakarta]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mfa.gov.rs/en/embassies/serbian-diplomatic-missions/other-serbia-nonresidential-countries/305-other-countries-rs/305-east-timor |title=Other Countries RS- East Timor |access-date=3 September 2017 |archive-date=14 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201114195942/http://www.mfa.gov.rs/en/embassies/serbian-diplomatic-missions/other-serbia-nonresidential-countries/305-other-countries-rs/305-east-timor |url-status=dead }}</ref> 
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Singapore}}||<!--Date started-->20 May 2002||See [[Singapore–Timor-Leste relations]]
Both countries established diplomatic relations on May 20, 2002.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://app1.mfa.gov.sg/dipcon/pdf/dipconopen.pdf |title=Archived copy |access-date=16 January 2018 |archive-date=20 August 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820202434/https://app1.mfa.gov.sg/dipcon/pdf/dipconopen.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="mfa.gov.bz">{{Cite web |title=Archived copy |url=http://www.mfa.gov.bz/images/documents/DIPLOMATIC%20RELATIONS.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230194831/http://www.mfa.gov.bz/images/documents/DIPLOMATIC%20RELATIONS.pdf |archive-date=30 December 2017 |access-date=16 January 2018}}</ref>

The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste set up an embassy in Singapore on 1 December 2010<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste set up an embassy in Singapore on 1 December 2010|date=5 January 2011 |url=https://www.gaiadiscovery.com/latest-people/timor-leste-strengthens-south-east-asian-relations-with-new.html|url-status=live|access-date=25 December 2021|archive-date=25 December 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211225211602/https://www.gaiadiscovery.com/latest-people/timor-leste-strengthens-south-east-asian-relations-with-new.html}}</ref>

During a meeting with his Timorese counterpart, Bendito dos Santos Freitas on July 24, 2023, Singapore FM Dr [[Vivian Balakrishnan]] officially announced to open embassy in  [[Dili]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Singapore to set up embassy in Timor-Leste capital Dili |url=https://www.channelnewsasia.com/asia/singapore-set-embassy-timor-leste-capital-dili-vivian-balakrishnan-3652611 |access-date=2023-07-26 |website=CNA |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Singapore to set up first embassy in Timor-Leste's capital city of Dili | date=24 July 2023 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VMIisSYyUiU |access-date=2023-07-26 |language=en}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|South Korea}}|| ||
In 2023, around 3,700 East Timorese worked in South Korea. There are plans to increase cooperation between South Korea's island province of [[Jeju Province|Jeju]] with Timor-Leste's island municipality [[Atauro]].<ref>{{cite news |url=https://en.tatoli.tl/2023/08/09/south-korean-embassy-and-mtti-discuss-the-transformation-of-atauru-to-jeju-island/03/ |title=South Korean Embassy and MTTI discuss the transformation of Ataúru to Jeju Island |author=José Belarmino De Sá |work=Tatoli |date=9 August 2023 |access-date=26 July 2024}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Turkey}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Timor-Leste–Turkey relations]]

Turkey is represented in Timor by its embassy in [[Jakarta]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.mfa.gov.tr/relations-between-turkey-and-east-timor.en.mfa |title=Relations between Turkey and East Timor / Rep. Of Turkey Ministry of Foreign Affairs |access-date=3 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904015937/http://www.mfa.gov.tr/relations-between-turkey-and-east-timor.en.mfa |archive-date=4 September 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|United Kingdom}}|| 2002 ||See [[Timor-Leste–United Kingdom relations]]
[[File:Foreign Secretary David Lammy meets president of Timor-Leste José Ramos-Horta (54475577565).jpg|thumb|right|[[Foreign Secretary (United Kingdom)|Foreign Secretary]] [[David Lammy]] with [[President of Timor-Leste|East Timorese President]] [[José Ramos-Horta]] in London, April 2025.]]
Timor-Leste established [[Foreign relations of the United Kingdom|diplomatic relations with the United Kingdom]] on 2002.<ref name="gov.tl" />
*Timor-Leste maintains an [[Embassy of Timor-Leste, London|embassy]] in London.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=142&lang=en|title=Timor-Leste Embassies|website=Government of Timor-Leste|access-date =24 May 2024|archive-date=22 October 2023|archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20231022102018/http://timor-leste.gov.tl/?p=142&lang=en|url-status=live}}</ref> 
*The United Kingdom is accredited to Timor-Leste from its embassy in [[Jakarta]]; there is no British embassy in Timor-Leste.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-timor-leste|title=British Embassy Timor Leste|website=GOV.UK|access-date=24 May 2024|archive-date=20 May 2024|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20240520091222/https://www.gov.uk/world/organisations/british-embassy-timor-leste|url-status=live}}</ref> On 29 February 2024, the UK announced its intentions to re-open an embassy in [[Dili]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Trevelyan|first=Anne-Marie|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-to-increase-maritime-security-links-in-southeast-asia-reopen-diplomatic-mission-in-timor-leste|title=UK to increase maritime security links in Southeast Asia, reopen diplomatic mission in Timor-Leste|date=29 February 2024|website=GOV.UK|access-date=24 May 2024|archive-date=1 March 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240301121257/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-to-increase-maritime-security-links-in-southeast-asia-reopen-diplomatic-mission-in-timor-leste|url-status=live}}</ref>

The United Kingdom committed its support for the [[accession of Timor-Leste to ASEAN]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-supports-timor-lestes-accession-into-asean-economic-community-aec|title=UK supports Timor-Leste's Accession into ASEAN Economic Community (AEC)|date=9 April 2024|website=GOV.UK|access-date=24 May 2024|archive-date=9 April 2024|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240409083049/https://www.gov.uk/government/news/uk-supports-timor-lestes-accession-into-asean-economic-community-aec|url-status=live}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|United States}}||<!--Date started-->||See [[Timor-Leste–United States relations]]
[[File:Embaixada dos EUA2.jpg|thumb|right|Embassy of the United States in Dili]]
The United States has a large bilateral development assistance program, $20.6 million in 2007, and also contributes funds as a major member of a number of multilateral agencies such as the [[Asian Development Bank]] and the [[World Bank]]. The US [[Peace Corps]] has operated in Timor-Leste since 2002, but it suspended operations in May 2006 due to unrest and instability.
* Timor-Leste has an embassy in [[Washington, D.C.]]
* United States has an embassy in Dili.
|- valign="top"
|{{flag|Vietnam}}||<!--Date started-->28 July 2002||See [[Timor-Leste–Vietnam relations]]

Both countries established diplomatic relations on July 28, 2002.
* Vietnam is accredited to Timor-Leste through its embassy in Jakarta, Indonesia.
* Timor-Leste has an embassy in Hanoi.
<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.mofa.gov.vn/en/cn_vakv/ | title=- Home Page | access-date=3 September 2017 | archive-date=8 October 2018 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181008013928/http://www.mofa.gov.vn/en/cn_vakv | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.mofa.gov.vn/en/cn_vakv/ca_tbd/nr050131104855/ns071207143638 | title=- Home Page | access-date=3 September 2017 | archive-date=4 September 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170904024208/http://www.mofa.gov.vn/en/cn_vakv/ca_tbd/nr050131104855/ns071207143638 | url-status=live }}</ref>
|}

== Multilateral relations ==

=== Association of Southeast Asian Nations ===
{{main|Accession of Timor-Leste to ASEAN}}

Timor-Leste was one of the only countries in [[Southeast Asia]] that is not a member of [[Association of Southeast Asian Nations]] (ASEAN). However, Timor-Leste has expressed its intention of gaining observer status to ASEAN in July 2002 and in 2006 it was considered six years to join.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.aseansec.org/afp/154.htm |title=East Timor Needs Five Years to Join ASEAN: PM |access-date=13 February 2007 |archive-date=9 June 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070609190633/http://www.aseansec.org/afp/154.htm |url-status=usurped }}</ref> However, Timor-Leste has attended many meetings of ASEAN regardless. In 2007 Timor-Leste signed the ASEAN Treaty on Amity and Co-operation.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.cpa.org.au/garchve07/1304asean.html |title=The Guardian |access-date=13 February 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070904215520/http://www.cpa.org.au/garchve07/1304asean.html |archive-date=4 September 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.manilatimes.net/national/2007/jan/15/yehey/opinion/20070115opi8.html |title=The Manila Times Internet Edition &#124; OPINION > France and East Timor sign Asean's Treaty of Amity and Cooperation |website=[[The Manila Times]] |access-date=13 February 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070920165746/http://www.manilatimes.net/national/2007/jan/15/yehey/opinion/20070115opi8.html |archive-date=20 September 2007 |url-status=dead }}</ref> On October 26, 2025, Timor-Leste became the 11th member state of ASEAN with the signing of the Declaration on the Admission of Timor-Leste into ASEAN.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Forging a New Era: Timor-Leste Admitted into ASEAN |url=https://asean.org/forging-a-new-era-timor-leste-admitted-into-asean/ |date=2025-10-26 |access-date=2025-10-26 |website=[[Association of Southeast Asian Nations|ASEAN]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=East Timor, Asia's youngest nation, becomes ASEAN's 11th member |url=https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/east-timor-asias-youngest-nation-becomes-aseans-11th-member-2025-10-26/ |last=Azhar |first=Danial |date=2025-10-26 |access-date=2025-10-26 |website=[[Reuters]]}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{Portal|Timor-Leste}}
* [[Foreign aid to Timor-Leste]]
* [[List of diplomatic missions in Timor-Leste]]
* [[List of diplomatic missions of Timor-Leste]]

== Literature ==
* {{Cite journal |first=Selver B. |last=Sahin |title=Timor-Leste's Foreign Policy: Securing State Identity in the Post-Independence Period |journal=Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs |volume=33 |number=2 |pages=3–25 |year=2014|doi=10.1177/186810341403300201 |s2cid=54546263 |hdl=11693/12429 |hdl-access=free }}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20111013181113/http://www.mfac.gov.tp/ Timor-Leste Ministry of Foreign Affairs]
* [http://www.easttimor.embassy.gov.au/ Australian Embassy in Timor-Leste] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160629082029/http://easttimor.embassy.gov.au/ |date=29 June 2016 }}
* [http://dili.itamaraty.gov.br/pt-br/ Embassy of Brazil in Dili]

{{Foreign relations of Timor-Leste}}
{{Timor-Leste topics}}
{{Asia in topic|Foreign relations of}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Foreign Relations Of Timor-Leste}}
[[Category:Foreign relations of Timor-Leste| ]]