View source for Frank Carlson

{{Short description|American politician}}
{{redirect|Senator Carlson}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|name         = Frank Carlson
|image        = Frank Carlson (R-KS).jpg
|caption = Carlson while serving {{circa|1950s}}
|jr/sr        = United States Senator
|state        = [[Kansas]]
|term_start   = November 29, 1950
|term_end     = January 3, 1969
|predecessor  = [[Harry Darby]]
|successor    = [[Bob Dole]]
|office1      = Chair of the [[National Governors Association]]
|term_start1  = June 19, 1949
|term_end1    = June 18, 1950
|predecessor1 = [[William Preston Lane Jr.]]
|successor1   = [[Frank Lausche]]
|order2       = 30th [[Governor of Kansas]]
|lieutenant2  = Frank L. Hagaman
|term_start2  = January 13, 1947
|term_end2    = November 28, 1950
|predecessor2 = [[Andrew Frank Schoeppel]]
|successor2   = [[Frank L. Hagaman]]
|state3       = Kansas
|district3    = {{ushr|KS|6|6th}}
|term_start3  = January 3, 1935
|term_end3    = January 3, 1947
|predecessor3 = [[Kathryn O'Loughlin McCarthy]]
|successor3   = [[Wint Smith]]
|birth_date   = {{birth date|1893|1|23}}
|birth_place  = [[Cloud County, Kansas]], U.S.
|death_date   = {{death date and age|1987|5|30|1893|1|23}}
|death_place  = [[Concordia, Kansas]], U.S.
|party        = [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
|spouse       = Alice Fredrickson (m. 1919)
|education    = [[Cloud County Community College]]<br>[[Kansas State University]]
|allegiance   = United States
|branch       = [[United States Army]]
|serviceyears = 1918–1919
|rank         = [[Private (rank)|Private]]
|battles      = [[World War I]]
}}

'''Frank Carlson''' (January 23, 1893{{spaced ndash}}May 30, 1987) was an American [[politician]] who served as the [[List of Governors of Kansas|30th governor of Kansas]], [[Kansas House of Representatives|Kansas State representative]], [[United States House of Representatives|United States representative]], and [[United States Senate|United States senator]] from [[Kansas]]. Carlson is the only Kansan to have held all four offices. His political career spanned 40 years, beginning in November 1928 and ending in January 1969.
<ref>{{cite web|url=   https://www.kshs.org/kansapedia/frank-carlson/12002|title = Frank Carlson  |website= Kansas Historical Society       
|access-date=April 1, 2020}}</ref>

==Early life and education==
Carlson was born in 1893 near [[Concordia, Kansas]], the son of Anna (Johannesson) and Charles Eric Carlson, both [[Sweden|Swedish]] immigrants.<ref>
{{citation |url= https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:MMTH-TRF |title= United States Census, 1900 |website= [[FamilySearch]] |access-date=March 20, 2018 }}</ref> He attended [[Public school (government funded)|public schools]] and [[Kansas State University]] before serving in [[World War I]] as a [[Private (rank)#United States|private]].

== Career ==
[[File:Frankcarlson(r-ks).jpg|thumb|left|Carlson later in his career]]
After the war, he returned to Concordia to farm. He was elected as a [[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] to first the [[Kansas House of Representatives]] in 1928 and then to the [[United States House of Representatives]], where he served from 1935 to 1947.<ref>{{cite web|url=  https://bioguideretro.congress.gov/Home/MemberDetails?memIndex=c000154
|title =   Frank Carlson|website= Biographic Directory of the U. S. Congress|access-date=April 1, 2020}}</ref>

In 1946 he was elected governor of Kansas. As governor, he pushed [[mental health]] programs as well as a long-term highway project. In 1949, Kansas U.S. Senator [[Clyde M. Reed]] died, and Carlson appointed [[Harry Darby]] to fill the seat. Darby continued his service in the Senate until Carlson himself was elected to fill the seat in 1950. Instead of waiting until January to be sworn in, he took his seat on November 28, 1950, leaving the office of governor to [[Frank L. Hagaman]] who served less than two months.

In 1952, he campaigned for [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]], and then brokered a deal through [[Ohio Senate|Ohio Senator]] [[Robert A. Taft]] and became Senate majority leader. According to [[Billy Graham]]'s biography ''Just As I Am'', Carlson invited Eisenhower to the Senate Prayer Breakfast, which thus became the first Presidential Prayer Breakfast, thereafter an annual assembly of all three branches of government, continuing to this day. Carlson was re-elected twice, in 1956 and 1962, before returning to Concordia for retirement.

Carlson served a term as president of the United States Senate Prayer Breakfast Group. He was therein featured by ''U.S. News & World Report'' on July 1, 1968, by editor David Lawrence, for his strong moral and spiritual influence in the nation's capital. He was also a member of the board of directors of [[World Vision]].<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1906&dat=19670628&id=QdgfAAAAIBAJ&sjid=LtkEAAAAIBAJ&pg=4878,2840968 "Carlson's Role in Viet Aid Agency"], ''The Fort Scott Tribune'', June 1967.</ref>

Carlson voted in favor of the Senate amendment to the [[Civil Rights Act of 1957]] on August 7, 1957,<ref>{{cite journal|title=Senate – August 7, 1957|journal=[[Congressional Record]]|volume=103|issue=10|publisher=[[United States Government Publishing Office|U.S. Government Printing Office]]|page=13900|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1957-pt10/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1957-pt10-9-1.pdf|access-date=February 18, 2022}}</ref> but did not vote on the House amendment to the bill on August 29, 1957 or the [[Civil Rights Act of 1960]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=Senate – August 29, 1957|journal=[[Congressional Record]]|volume=103|issue=12|publisher=[[United States Government Publishing Office|U.S. Government Printing Office]]|page=16478|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1957-pt12/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1957-pt12-6-1.pdf|access-date=February 18, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Senate – April 8, 1960|journal=[[Congressional Record]]|volume=106|issue=6|publisher=[[United States Government Publishing Office|U.S. Government Printing Office]]|pages=7810–7811|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1960-pt6/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1960-pt6-8-1.pdf|access-date=February 18, 2022}}</ref> Carlson voted in favor of the [[Civil Rights Act of 1964|Civil Rights Acts of 1964]] and [[Civil Rights Act of 1968|1968]],<ref>{{cite journal|title=Senate – June 19, 1964|journal=[[Congressional Record]]|volume=110|issue=11|publisher=[[United States Government Publishing Office|U.S. Government Printing Office]]|page=14511|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1964-pt11/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1964-pt11-3-2.pdf|access-date=February 18, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Senate – March 11, 1968|journal=[[Congressional Record]]|volume=114|issue=5|publisher=[[United States Government Publishing Office|U.S. Government Printing Office]]|page=5992|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1968-pt5/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1968-pt5-4-2.pdf|access-date=February 18, 2022}}</ref> as well as the [[Twenty-fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution|24th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution]],<ref>{{cite journal|title=Senate – March 27, 1962|journal=[[Congressional Record]]|volume=108|issue=4|publisher=[[United States Government Publishing Office|U.S. Government Printing Office]]|page=5105|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1962-pt4/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1962-pt4-9-1.pdf|access-date=February 18, 2022}}</ref> the [[Voting Rights Act of 1965]],<ref>{{cite journal|title=Senate – May 26, 1965|journal=[[Congressional Record]]|volume=111|issue=2|publisher=[[United States Government Publishing Office|U.S. Government Printing Office]]|page=11752|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1965-pt9/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1965-pt9-2-2.pdf|access-date=February 18, 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Senate – August 4, 1965|journal=[[Congressional Record]]|volume=111|issue=14|publisher=[[United States Government Publishing Office|U.S. Government Printing Office]]|page=19378|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1965-pt14/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1965-pt14-6-1.pdf|access-date=February 18, 2022}}</ref> and the confirmation of [[Thurgood Marshall]] to the [[Supreme Court of the United States|U.S. Supreme Court]].<ref>{{cite journal|title=Senate – August 30, 1967|journal=[[Congressional Record]]|volume=113|issue=18|publisher=[[United States Government Publishing Office|U.S. Government Printing Office]]|page=24656|url=https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/GPO-CRECB-1967-pt18/pdf/GPO-CRECB-1967-pt18-7-2.pdf|access-date=February 5, 2022}}</ref>

==Death==
Carlson died in 1987 in Concordia and was buried there in Pleasant Hill Cemetery. The federal court building in Topeka is named in his honor, [[US 81]] from the Nebraska state line north of [[Belleville, Kansas|Belleville]] to [[Salina, Kansas|Salina]] is named the Frank Carlson Memorial Highway, the [[Frank Carlson Library]] in Concordia is named in his honor, and [[Wichita State University]] hosts the Frank Carlson Lecture Series.<ref>{{cite news|url= https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1987/05/31/frank-carlson-94-former-senator-from-kansas-dies/03c47d1a-9e58-4449-8e4e-e87f7ebacdd7/  |title =   Frank Carlson, 94, Former Senator From Kansas, Dies|newspaper= The Washington Post   |author=   Richard Pearson |date=May 31, 1987|access-date=April 1, 2020}}</ref>

==Frank Carlson Library==
In April 2011, the [[Frank Carlson Library]] in [[Concordia, Kansas]], received a mini grant from the Kansas Humanities Council to renovate the library's Frank Carlson Room. The grant funded the development of a new exhibit dedicated to telling new generations of Kansans about Carlson's life and political career. Coinciding with the yearlong Kansas 150 Commemoration, the renovation was part of a statewide initiative to preserve the memory of important people and events in the state's past. Senator Frank Carlson is the only Kansan to have held four major public offices and is known as "Kansas' Favorite Son".<ref>{{cite web|url=  https://fcarlsonlib.org/senator-frank-carlson/  |title =  Senator Frank Carlson
|website=  Frank Carlson Library    |access-date=April 1, 2020}}</ref>

The renovation project replaced the original Frank Carlson display, created in 1976 and shown until the summer of 2011. The new exhibit, ''Frank Carlson: Prairie Politician'', tells and preserves Senator Carlson's story through an updated exhibit and modern archival techniques. The exhibit showcases Carlson memorabilia, photographs, and items from the Senator's personal collection, which is housed in the Frank Carlson Library. Senator Carlson's story is told in three parts, beginning with his childhood and church leadership in Concordia, Kansas, following him through his forty-year political career, and celebrating his legacy as a political figure and an important local figure.

Among the items on display are a check from President [[Dwight D. Eisenhower]], written to Carlson in settlement of a friendly bet, several pens used by President [[Lyndon B. Johnson]] to sign important legislation that Carlson supported, and Carlson's elephant figurine collection. The exhibit also includes artifacts that tie Carlson to his hometown and home state. On display are the school bell from the schoolhouse Carlson attended in [[Cloud County, Kansas|Cloud County]], Kansas, caricatures and political cartoons drawn by fellow Concordian Don Musik, and keepsakes on loan from Carlson's friends and family.

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==Further reading==
*Homer E. Socolofsky (1990) ''Kansas Governors'' (University Press of Kansas) {{ISBN|978-0700604210}}

== External links ==
*[https://fcarlsonlib.org/ Frank Carlson Library website]
* {{Internet Archive film clip|id=gov.archives.arc.95983|description="Longines Chronoscope with Frank Carlson"}}
* [http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C000154 Biographical Directory of the United States Congress]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20070928082602/http://www.governor.ks.gov/cedarcrest/tour3.pdf Governor's Mansion Information]
*{{Find a Grave|6898336|access-date=March 19, 2008}}
* [https://cdm16884.contentdm.oclc.org/digital/search/searchterm/G1-Carlson-Collection Publications concerning Kansas Governor Carlson's administration available via the KGI Online Library]

{{s-start}}
{{s-par|us-hs}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Kathryn O'Loughlin McCarthy]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Member of the [[List of United States Representatives from Kansas|U.S. House of Representatives]]<br>from [[Kansas's 6th congressional district]]|years=1935–1947}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Wint Smith]]}}
|-
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Andrew Frank Schoeppel]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Governor of Kansas]]|years=1947–1950}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Frank L. Hagaman]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[William Preston Lane Jr.]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Chair of the [[National Governors Association]]|years=1949–1950}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Frank Lausche]]}}
|-
{{s-ppo}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Andrew Frank Schoeppel]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee for [[Governor of Kansas]]|years=[[1946 Kansas gubernatorial election|1946]], [[1948 Kansas gubernatorial election|1948]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Edward F. Arn]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Clyde M. Reed]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee for [[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]] from [[Kansas]]<br>([[Classes of United States Senators|Class 3]])|years=[[1950 United States Senate election in Kansas|1950]], [[1956 United States Senate election in Kansas|1956]], [[1962 United States Senate election in Kansas|1962]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Bob Dole]]}}
|-
{{s-par|us-sen}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Harry Darby]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[List of United States Senators from Kansas|U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Kansas]]|years=1950–1969|alongside=[[Andrew Frank Schoeppel]], [[James B. Pearson]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Bob Dole]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Governors of Kansas}}
{{USSenKS}}
{{SenPOCSCommitteeChairmen}}
{{KansasUSRepresentatives}}
{{National Governors Association chairs}}
{{United States presidential election, 1968}}
{{Cloud County History}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Carlson, Frank}}
[[Category:1893 births]]
[[Category:1987 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Cloud County, Kansas]]
[[Category:American people of Swedish descent]]
[[Category:Republican Party members of the United States House of Representatives from Kansas]]
[[Category:Republican Party United States senators from Kansas]]
[[Category:Candidates in the 1968 United States presidential election]]
[[Category:Republican Party governors of Kansas]]
[[Category:Republican Party members of the Kansas House of Representatives]]
[[Category:People from Concordia, Kansas]]
[[Category:Kansas State University alumni]]
[[Category:United States Army personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:United States Army soldiers]]
[[Category:20th-century United States senators]]
[[Category:20th-century United States representatives]]
[[Category:20th-century members of the Kansas Legislature]]
[[Category:Acacia members]]