View source for Frequency (2000 film)

{{short description|2000 film by Gregory Hoblit}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=May 2025}}
{{Use American English|date=January 2025}}
{{Infobox film
| name           = Frequency
| image          = Frequency film.jpg
| caption        = Theatrical release poster
| director       = [[Gregory Hoblit]]
| writer         = [[Toby Emmerich]]
| producer       = {{Plainlist|
* Gregory Hoblit
* [[Hawk Koch]]
* Toby Emmerich
* Bill Carraro
}}
| starring       = {{Plainlist|
* [[Dennis Quaid]]
* [[Jim Caviezel]]
* [[Andre Braugher]]
* [[Elizabeth Mitchell]]
* [[Noah Emmerich]]
}}
| cinematography = [[Alar Kivilo]]
| editing        = [[David Rosenbloom]]
| music          = [[Michael Kamen]]
| distributor    = [[New Line Cinema]]
| released       = {{Film date|2000|4|28}}
| runtime        = 118 minutes
| country        = United States
| language       = English
| budget         = $31 million<ref name="boxofficemojo.com">{{cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=frequency.htm|title=Frequency (2000) - Box Office Mojo|work=boxofficemojo.com}}</ref>
| gross          = $68.1 million<ref name="boxofficemojo.com"/>
}}
'''''Frequency''''' is a 2000 American [[science fiction film|science fiction]] [[thriller film]] starring [[Dennis Quaid]], [[Jim Caviezel]], [[Andre Braugher]], [[Elizabeth Mitchell]], [[Shawn Doyle]], [[Melissa Errico]], and [[Noah Emmerich]].

Directed by [[Gregory Hoblit]] and written by [[Toby Emmerich]], it was distributed by [[New Line Cinema]]. It also features [[Michael Cera]] in his feature film debut.

The film received generally positive reviews and grossed $68.1 million worldwide, against a budget of $31 million.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/release/rl3377628673/weekend/|title=Frequency|website=Box Office Mojo|access-date=2020-02-16}}</ref><ref>{{Citation|title=Frequency (2000)|url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/frequency|language=en|access-date=2020-02-16}}</ref>

==Plot==
In 1969 New York, a gasoline tanker overturns on a highway ramp, spilling fuel into an [[electrical substation]] below ground and trapping two workers. Among the responding firefighters is veteran Frank Sullivan, who goes underground to rescue the workers against the direction of his commander. Despite the rising level of fuel and the sparking created by damaged electronics, Frank and another firefighter pull the workers out and escape just before a spark ignites a huge explosion. Frank returns safely home to his wife Julia and young son Johnny.

In 1999, John Sullivan is an [[NYPD]] detective still living in his childhood home. His girlfriend Samantha leaves him because she believes he is emotionally shut off, the result of his father Frank dying in a fire when John was six years old.

John's lifelong friend and neighbor, Gordo, stops by to borrow fishing equipment and finds a [[Heathkit#The SB-series and HW-series|Heathkit]] [[Single-sideband modulation|single-sideband]] [[ham radio]] that once belonged to Frank but fails to get it working.

The night before the 30th anniversary of his father's death, John is surprised to find the radio operating during a particularly intense occurrence of the [[aurora borealis]] and has a brief conversation with another man concerning the [[1969 World Series]], which John is able to recount in specific detail.

He realizes from this and other details that he is communicating with his father on the same date in 1969 and warns him of the mistake that led to his death. At first, Frank is alarmed and refuses to believe, but the next day, while rescuing a runaway from a burning warehouse, he recalls John's warning, changes his course, and survives the fire.

In 1999, John is suddenly struck with new memories of his father surviving until 1989. That night, he and Frank reconnect, and they share details of their lives. John warns Frank that he will eventually die in 1989 of lung cancer. With no further comment, Frank throws his cigarettes in the trash.

The next day, John discovers that his present has been changed in other unexpected ways. He and Frank have inadvertently prevented the death of the "Nightingale", a serial killer who originally murdered three nurses in the 1960s and was never caught.

In the new modified reality, the Nightingale has now killed ten women, including John's own mother Julia. John is now flooded with new memories of his mother's death. To save her and the other future victims, John enlists Frank's help in stopping the Nightingale before he can kill again. At first Frank begs off, claiming "I'm just a fireman," but John is insistent.

Following information from John about the killings, Frank saves the first victim, but before he can rescue the second, the Nightingale subdues him, steals his driver's license, and plants it on the next victim to frame Frank for the murder.

When Frank relates his experience, John realizes Frank's wallet has the Nightingale's fingerprints. John asks his father to hide the wallet somewhere in the house where John can find it 30 years later. Using the preserved fingerprints from the wallet, John identifies the Nightingale as Jack Shepard, a former NYPD detective and a childhood neighbor of the first victim.

In the original timeline, Shepard was a hospital patient under the care of Julia; when she left during her shift after learning of Frank's death, an inexperienced doctor accidentally administered a medication that caused a fatal allergic reaction. Because Frank survived, Julia was there to prevent the error, thereby saving the Nightingale's life—but allowing her to become a subsequent victim.

In 1969, Frank's close friend, and John's future boss, homicide detective Satch DeLeon comes to Frank's house to arrest him on suspicion of murder; he resists, and the radio is knocked over and damaged.

At the station, Frank attempts to explain to a highly skeptical Satch that he got his information about the Nightingale from speaking to his grown-up son John over the radio. He proves his innocence to Satch by accurately predicting the course of the 1969 World Series Game 5, including the highly unusual [[shoe polish play]].

Escaping from the police station, Frank breaks into Shepard's apartment, where he finds trophies from the murders. Shepard arrives and attacks Frank, who fends him off and, apparently, kills him after a foot chase and plunge into the river, thus ensuring Julia's survival. Satch, having realized that Frank was telling the truth, goes to Shepard's apartment and finds the victims' jewelry, exonerating Frank. At the same time, the police search the river for Shepard's body but find nothing.

Frank returns home and repairs the radio. While talking over the radio that night, Frank and John are each attacked by the 1969 and 1999 versions of Shepard. In 1969, Frank blows off Shepard's right hand with a shotgun and he flees. In 1999, as Shepard pulls a gun on John and prepares to fire, the house changes rapidly around them, and Shepard's hand disappears. At that point, a now mid-60s Frank appears in the doorway and kills Shepard with his shotgun. He and John tearfully embrace, the timelines now repaired.

The film concludes with a softball game including John and his own little son, his now-wife Samantha (expecting another baby), his healthy and happy gray-haired parents, Satch, and Gordo, who has now become wealthy thanks to a stock tip fed to him in the past by John—posing as a magical "Santa Claus"—advising six-year-old Gordo to remember the "magic word, [[Yahoo!|Yahoo]]," which convinces him to invest in the internet company in his adulthood.

==Cast==
{{div col}}
* [[Dennis Quaid]] as Frank Sullivan, a firefighter, John's father and Julia's husband
* [[Jim Caviezel]] as John Francis Sullivan, a detective and son of Frank and Julia
** Daniel Henson as 6-year-old Johnny Sullivan
* [[Andre Braugher]] as Satch DeLeon
* [[Elizabeth Mitchell]] as Julia Sullivan, a nurse, John's mother and Frank's wife
* [[Noah Emmerich]] as Gordo Hersch, John's best friend
** Stephen Joffe as 6-year-old Gordo Hersch
* [[Shawn Doyle]] as Jack Shepard
* [[Jordan Bridges]] as Graham Gibson
* [[Melissa Errico]] as Samantha Thomas, John's ex-girlfriend
* Nesbitt Blaisdell as Fred Shepard
* [[Rocco Sisto]] as Darryl Simpson
* [[Peter MacNeill]] as Butch Foster
* [[Michael Cera]] as Gordy Hersch Jr. (Age 10)
* [[Marin Hinkle]] as Sissy Clark
* [[Brian Greene]] as himself
{{div col end}}

==Production==
The film was [[greenlight]]ed for production on January 21, 1999.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://variety.com/1999/voices/columns/hoblit-time-trips-old-script-scores-for-iliff-1117490459/|title=Hoblit time-trips; old script scores for Iliff|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=June 26, 2007|date=January 21, 1999}}</ref> [[Sylvester Stallone]] was rumored to be taking the role of Frank Sullivan in 1997, but fell out of the deal after a dispute over his fee.<ref name="varietyjune1997">{{cite news |last=Cox |first=Dan |date=June 6, 1997 |title=Sly eyeing New Line's 'Frequency' |work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |url=https://variety.com/1997/film/news/sly-eyeing-new-line-s-frequency-1116679561/ |access-date=July 31, 2023 |archive-url=https://archive.today/20130412023755/http://variety.com/1997/film/news/sly-eyeing-new-line-s-frequency-1116679561/ |archive-date=April 12, 2013}}</ref><ref name="varietyjuly1997">{{cite news|url=https://www.variety.com/vstory/VR1117342811.html?categoryid=38&cs=1|title=INSIDE MOVES|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=July 13, 2007|last=Busch|first=Anita M.|date=June 27, 1997}}</ref> [[Renny Harlin]] was rumored to be director on the film.<ref name="varietyjune1997" /><ref name="varietyjuly1997" /> [[Gregory Hoblit]] first read the script in November 1997, eighteen months after his father's death. In a 2000 interview shortly after the American release of ''Frequency'', he described the film as "high risk" since the project had already been passed among several directors, including one of note who had twice the budget Hoblit was given.<ref name="salonmay2000">{{cite web|url=http://archive.salon.com/ent/col/srag/2000/05/25/hoblit/index2.html|title=What's the "Frequency," Gregory?|work=[[Salon.com]]|access-date=June 27, 2007|last=Sragow|first=Michael|date=May 25, 2000}}</ref> In the same interview, he described the difficulty he had finding the two leads. Hoblit realized he needed an "experienced actor" to portray Frank Sullivan and thus chose Dennis Quaid.<ref name="salonmay2000" />

==Release==
Two weeks before its release, a sneak preview of the film was shown in ''[[Final Destination (film)|Final Destination]]''.

===Home media===
''Frequency'' was released on [[DVD]] on October 31, 2000 and on [[VHS]] on April 3, 2001. It was later released on [[Blu-ray Disc|Blu-ray]] on July 10, 2012 by [[Warner Home Video]].<ref>{{cite web|title=Frequency [VHS] (2000)|website=Amazon |url=https://www.amazon.com/Frequency-VHS-Dennis-Quaid/dp/B00004Z1MN|access-date=June 10, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Frequency (2000)|website=Amazon |date=27 September 2005 |url=https://www.amazon.com/Frequency-Dennis-Quaid/dp/B00004YA66|access-date=June 10, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Frequency [Blu-ray] (2012)|website=Amazon |url=https://www.amazon.com/Frequency-Blu-ray-Dennis-Quaid/dp/B007NQVRNS|access-date=June 10, 2014}}</ref>

==Reception==
===Box office===
''Frequency'' was released at 2,631 theaters, making $9 million during its opening weekend. Eventually, the film grossed $45 million domestically and $23.1 million in other territories, for a worldwide gross of $68,106,245.<ref name="boxofficemojo.com" /><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.boxofficemojo.com/movies/?id=frequency.htm|title=Frequency (2000)|work=[[Box Office Mojo]]|access-date=June 26, 2007}}</ref>

===Critical response===
''Frequency'' received generally positive reviews. Based on 127 reviews collected by the film review aggregator [[Rotten Tomatoes]], the film has a 70% approval rating with an average rating of 6.5/10. The consensus reads, "A tight blend of surprises and suspense keeps audiences spellbound."<ref>{{cite web |title = Frequency (2000) |url = https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/frequency/ |work = [[Rotten Tomatoes]] |publisher = [[Fandango Media|Fandango]] |access-date = July 26, 2020 }}</ref> On [[Metacritic]] — which assigns a weighted mean score — the film has a score of 67 out of 100 based on 32 critics, indicating "generally favorable" reviews.<ref>{{Cite Metacritic |id=frequency |type=movie |access-date=April 22, 2025}}</ref> Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average score of "A-" on an A+ to F scale.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Home |url=https://www.cinemascore.com/ |access-date=2022-12-01 |website=CinemaScore |language=en-US}}</ref>

[[Roger Ebert]] called the film's plot "contrived", yet gave the film a favorable review. He also pointed out similarities with the films ''[[The Sixth Sense]]'' and ''[[Ghost (1990 film)|Ghost]]''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/frequency-2000|title=Frequency|access-date=November 22, 2021|last=Ebert|first=Roger|date=April 28, 2000}}</ref> David Armstrong, of the ''[[San Francisco Chronicle]]'', praised the moments in the film when John and Frank Sullivan talked to each other over the ham radio but criticized the "unintentionally funny climax." He also praised actor Shawn Doyle's performance as the Nightingale killer, calling him  "convincingly creepy."<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?file=/examiner/archive/2000/04/28/WEEKEND7196.dtl&type=movies|title=Convoluted 'Frequency' in need of fine-tuning|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|access-date=June 27, 2007|last=Armstrong|first=David|date=April 28, 2000}}</ref> Todd McCarthy of [[Variety (magazine)|''Variety'']] magazine said despite Dennis Quaid and James Caviezel's physical separation in the film, they formed a "palpable bond that [gave] the picture its tensile strength".<ref name="varietyapril2000">{{cite news|url=https://www.variety.com/review/VE1117780838.html?categoryid=31&cs=1&p=0|title=Frequency|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|access-date=June 26, 2007|last=McCarthy|first=Todd|date=April 17, 2000}}</ref> McCarthy noted that screenwriter Toby Emmerich's "bold leap into reconfiguring the past" created "agreeable surprises" and an "infinite number of possibilities" to the plot's direction. He added, however, that the serial killer [[subplot]] was "desperately familiar".<ref name="varietyapril2000" /> 
[[James Berardinelli]] gave the film two stars out of four, criticizing the "coincidence-laden climax" but wrote that "poor writing [did] not demand subpar acting", praising ''Frequency''<nowiki>'</nowiki>s "few nice performances".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://preview.reelviews.net/movies/f/frequency.html|title=Frequency|work=ReelViews|access-date=June 26, 2007|last=Berardinelli|first=James|year=2000}}</ref>

The [[American Radio Relay League]] assisted in some of the technical aspects in the film{{Citation needed|date=August 2021}}, though some ham radio enthusiasts criticized technical errors that made it into the film.

''Frequency'' was nominated for the [[Hugo Award]] for [[Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation|Best Dramatic Presentation]], but ultimately lost out to ''[[Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon]]''. The film's ending song, "[[When You Come Back to Me Again]]", was nominated for a [[Golden Globe Award]].<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/1081845.stm|title=The Golden Globe nominations|work=[[BBC News Online]]|access-date=June 27, 2007|date=December 21, 2000}}</ref> Written by Jenny Yates and [[Garth Brooks]] (performed only by Brooks), the song failed to win, losing out to "[[Things Have Changed]]" from ''[[Wonder Boys (film)|Wonder Boys]]''.

==Television adaptations==
{{further|Frequency (TV series)}}
In November 2014, it was reported that ''[[Supernatural (U.S. TV series)|Supernatural]]'' showrunner [[Jeremy Carver]] was in talks to produce a new television series [[Reboot (fiction)|adaptation/reboot]] based on the film for television network [[NBC]]. The film's writer [[Toby Emmerich]] is attached to serve as a producer for the series.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/nbc-plots-frequency-reboot-supernatural-748851|title=NBC Plots 'Frequency' Reboot With 'Supernatural' Boss (Exclusive)|author=Lesley Goldberg|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=13 November 2014 }}</ref> NBC passed on it, and a pilot was ordered at [[The CW]] in January 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://deadline.com/pilot/2016-the-cw-pilots/|title=2016 The CW Pilots|date=17 December 2015}}</ref> The series was canceled after one season on May 8, 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/live-feed/frequency-no-tomorrow-canceled-at-cw-1001320|title='Frequency,' 'No Tomorrow' Canceled at The CW|last=Strauss|first=Bettina|work=The Hollywood Reporter|date=May 8, 2017|access-date=May 8, 2017}}</ref>

While not a television adaptation, ''Frequency'' was briefly parodied in the ''[[Reno 911]]'' episode "Wiegel's New Boyfriend", where the Reno officers respond to a house fire and are urged by the homeowner to "save his novel," which turns out to mirror the plot of ''Frequency''. The Reno officers proceed to spoil the ending of the "novel" (based on them having seen the movie), causing the homeowner to suddenly become ambivalent about having his novel saved from the flames.

==See also==
* [[List of films featuring time loops]]
* [[Ditto (2000 film)|''Ditto'' (2000 film)]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{IMDb title|0186151}}
* {{Mojo title|frequency}}
* {{rotten-tomatoes|frequency}}
{{Gregory Hoblit}}
{{Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film 1991–2010}}
{{New York Mets}}
{{Brian Greene}}

[[Category:2000 films]]
[[Category:2000s science fiction thriller films]]
[[Category:American science fiction thriller films]]
[[Category:Fictional portrayals of the New York City Police Department]]
[[Category:Films about radio]]
[[Category:Films about the New York City Police Department]]
[[Category:Films scored by Michael Kamen]]
[[Category:Films adapted into television shows]]
[[Category:Films directed by Gregory Hoblit]]
[[Category:Films set in 1969]]
[[Category:New Line Cinema films]]
[[Category:Films set in 1999]]
[[Category:Films set in New York City]]
[[Category:Films shot in New York City]]
[[Category:Films shot in Toronto]]
[[Category:Films about firefighting]]
[[Category:New York Mets]]
[[Category:American police detective films]]
[[Category:American serial killer films]]
[[Category:Saturn Award–winning films]]
[[Category:Time loop films]]
[[Category:2000s films about time travel]]
[[Category:Films about nurses]]
[[Category:Films set in Queens, New York]]
[[Category:Films about father–son relationships]]
[[Category:2000s English-language films]]
[[Category:2000s American films]]
[[Category:English-language science fiction thriller films]]