View source for Fritz Pregl

{{Short description|Slovene-Austrian Nobel prize laureate and scientist}}
{{more footnotes|date=January 2011}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name              = Fritz Pregl
| image             = Fritz Pregl.jpg
| image_size        = 180px
| birth_date        = {{birth date|df=y|1869|09|03}}
| birth_place       = Laibach, [[Duchy of Carniola]], [[Cisleithania]], [[Austria-Hungary]]<br />(now [[Ljubljana]], Slovenia)
| nationality       = [[Austria-Hungary]]
| death_date        = {{death date and age|df=y|1930|12|13|1869|7|1}}
| death_place       = [[Graz, Styria]], Austria
| field             = [[Chemistry]], [[medicine]]
| workplaces        = [[University of Graz]], [[University of Innsbruck]]
| alma_mater        = [[University of Graz]]
| doctoral_advisor  = [[Alexander Rollett]]{{citation needed|date=August 2017}}
| doctoral_students = <!--[[Edgar Bright Wilson]]-->
| occupation        = Graz circuit forensic chemist (1907)<br />Dean of the Graz University Medical Faculty (1916-1917)<br />Vice Chancellor of Graz University (1920-1921)
| known_for         = Micro[[elemental analysis]]
| prizes            = [[Lieben Prize]] (1914)<br />[[Nobel Prize for Chemistry]] (1923)
}}

'''Fritz Pregl''' ({{langx|sl|Friderik Pregl}}; 3 September 1869 – 13 December 1930), was a Slovenian-Austrian [[chemist]] and [[physician]] from a mixed [[Slovene Language|Slovene]]-[[German Language|German]]-speaking background. He won the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] in 1923 for making important contributions to [[quantitative analysis (chemistry)|quantitative]] [[organic chemistry|organic]] [[microanalysis]], one of which was the improvement of the [[combustion train]] technique for [[elemental analysis]].

==Biography==
[[File:19 Gosposka, Ljubljana.jpg|thumb|left|Pregl's birthplace on ''Gosposka ulica'' / ''Herrengasse'' ("Lords' Street"), Ljubljana]]
Pregl was born in [[Ljubljana]] within [[Austria-Hungary]] to a Slovene-speaking father and German-speaking mother. He was baptized ''Friedrich Michael Raimund Pregl''.<ref>{{cite book |title=Taufbuch |date=1867–1898 |location=Ljubljana - Sv. Nikolaj |page=30 |url=https://data.matricula-online.eu/sl/slovenia/ljubljana/ljubljana-sv-nikolaj/03978/?pg=36 |access-date=April 10, 2022}}</ref> He died in [[Graz]], Austria in 1930.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pregl, Nobel Prize Bio-Chemist, Dies |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67612424/fritz-pregl-1869-1930/ |newspaper=Daily News |date=December 15, 1930 |place=Los Angeles, CA |page=1 |via = [[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=January 14, 2021}} {{Open access}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Dr. Fritz Pregl Dies in Vienna Saturday |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/67612399/fritz-pregl-1969-1930/ |newspaper=The Atlanta Constitution |date=December 14, 1930 |place=Atlanta, GA |page=4 |via = [[Newspapers.com]] |access-date=January 14, 2021}} {{Open access}}</ref>

Pregl started his career as [[chemist]] after he studied medicine at the [[University of Graz]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Nobel Prize in Chemistry 1923|url=https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/chemistry/1923/pregl/biographical/|access-date=2022-01-08|website=NobelPrize.org|language=en-US}}</ref> With his focus on [[physiology]] and especially chemical physiology, he suffered from the limitations of [[quantitative analysis (chemistry)|quantitative]] [[organic chemistry|organic]] [[microanalysis]]. The small quantities of substances he obtained during the research of [[bile acid]] made it necessary to improve the process of [[elemental analysis]] by reducing the necessary components. At the end of his research, he had lowered the minimal amount of substance necessary for the analysis process by a factor of 50{{citation needed|date=January 2022}}. He invited chemists to learn his method of elemental analysis, so that the method was soon widely accepted.
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==Commemoration==
In 1950, the department of the [[University of Graz]] where Fritz Pregl had worked was named the [[Institute of Medical Chemistry and Pregl Laboratory]]. Streets in Graz, Innsbruck, Vienna and Klagenfurt were named after him. In Slovenia, [[Pregl Award]]s have been bestowed annually since 2007 by the [[National Institute of Chemistry (Slovenia)|National Institute of Chemistry]] for the research work and for outstanding [[doctorate]]s. Slovenian pupils are conferred Pregl Recognition Awards, whereas secondary school students are conferred Pregl Citations for excellent results in national competitions in chemistry. A square in Ljubljana is named after Pregl.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.koz.si/megakviz/Data/pregl.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230520202554/https://www.koz.si/megakviz/Data/pregl.pdf |url-status=dead |archive-date=May 20, 2023 |title=Friderik Pregl |journal=Slovenski knjižnično-muzejski megakviz |volume=10/11 |first=Ivanka |last=Učakar |author2=Žiga Rangus |publisher=Ljubljana City Library |date=January 2011 |language=sl }}</ref> The [[Fritz Pregl Prize]] has been awarded annually since 1931 in chemistry by the [[Austrian Academy of Sciences]] from the funds left at its disposal by Pregl.
==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite journal |url=http://vestnik.szd.si/st7-8/399-404.pdf |title=Zdravnik Friderik Pregl, nobelov nagrajenec slovenskega rodu |first=Zvonka |last=Zupanič-Slavec |journal=Zdravniški vestnik |year=2001 |issue=70 |pages=399–404 |publisher=Slovenian Medical Association |access-date=2005-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050907005917/http://vestnik.szd.si/st7-8/399-404.pdf |archive-date=2005-09-07 |url-status=dead }}
*{{cite journal | title = Zum Gedächtnis an Fritz Pregl, den Begründer der quantitativen organischen Mikroanalyse (1869–1930) | author = H. Lieb | journal = Chemistry and Materials Science | volume = 35 | issue = 2–3 | pages = 123–129 | year = 1950 | doi = 10.1007/BF01460581| s2cid = 101608428 }}

==External links==
* {{Nobelprize}} including the Nobel Lecture, December 11, 1923 ''Quantitative Micro-Analysis of Organic Substances''

{{Nobel Prize in Chemistry Laureates 1901-1925}}
{{1923 Nobel Prize winners}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Pregl, Fritz}}
[[Category:1869 births]]
[[Category:1930 deaths]]
[[Category:Austrian chemists]]
[[Category:Austrian Nobel laureates]]
[[Category:Nobel laureates from Austria-Hungary]]
[[Category:Nobel laureates in Chemistry]]
[[Category:Scientists from Ljubljana]]
[[Category:Slovenian chemists]]
[[Category:Slovenian Nobel laureates]]
[[Category:Physiologists]]
[[Category:Slovenian biologists]]
[[Category:Austrian people of Slovenian descent]]
[[Category:Rectors of universities in Austria]]
[[Category:Health professionals from Ljubljana]]
[[Category:Chemists from Austria-Hungary]]