View source for Fudge (role-playing game system)

{{Short description|Tabletop role-playing game system}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Infobox RPG
|title=Fudge
|image=[[Image:fudge cover.jpg]]
|caption=
|designer=Steffan O'Sullivan
|publisher=[[Grey Ghost Press]]
|date=1992
|genre=Universal
|footnotes=
}}
'''''Fudge''''' is a [[generic role-playing game system]] for use in [[freeform role-playing game]]s.<ref>{{cite journal
 | first=Steffan | last=O'Sullivan
 | title=Feature Review: FUDGE | journal=[[Shadis]]
 |date=January 1995 | issue=17 }}</ref>  The name "''FUDGE''" was once an acronym for ''Freeform Universal Donated'' (later, ''Do-it-yourself'') ''Gaming Engine''<ref>{{Cite book| author=J. Andrew Kitkowski|url=http://www.rpg.net/news+reviews/reviews/rev_3576.html|title=FUDGE Expanded edition (Review)|access-date=2007-09-24|publisher=[[RPGnet]]}}</ref> and, though the acronym has since been dropped, that phrase remains a good summation of the game's design goals. ''Fudge'' has been nominated for an [[Origins Award]] for ''Best Role-Playing Game System'' for the ''[[Deryni Adventure Game]]''.<ref name="origins2005">{{cite press release| title =Academy announces Origins Award Nominations| publisher =Game Manufacturers Association| date =2006-03-15| url =http://gama.org/news-articles/academy-announces-origins-award-nominations#OX4-IMw6yIaqKiqvrHst1Q| access-date =2007-09-24  }}</ref><ref name="deryni">{{Cite web| title =FUDGE Deryni Adventure Game| date =2006-03-17| url =http://derynirealms.com/| access-date = 2007-09-24  }}</ref>

Rather than being a rigidly pre-defined set of rules like ''[[d20 System]]'' or ''[[GURPS]]'', ''Fudge'' offers a customizable toolkit for building the users' own specialized [[role-playing game system]].  Such things as what attributes and skills will define characters are left to be determined by the [[Game Master]] and players, and several different optional systems for resolving actions and conflicts are offered. ''Fudge'' is not tied to any particular [[genre]] or setting and world builders are encouraged to invent appropriate attributes and rules tailored to the campaign.<ref name="fudgerules">{{Cite web| last =Kitkowski| first =Andrew| title =FUDGE Expanded Edition: Playtest Review| date =2000-11-14| url =http://www.rpg.net/news+reviews/reviews/rev_3576.html| access-date = 2007-09-24  }}</ref>

== History ==
The project that would lead to ''Fudge'' was first proposed by [[Steffan O'Sullivan]] in November 1992 on the rec.games.design newsgroup,<ref>{{cite web| url = https://groups.google.com/group/rec.games.design/msg/4dc266facabc766f| title = net.rpg.freeform 1 of 2}}</ref> and over the following months that online community would contribute to the directed project.<ref>{{cite web| url = https://groups.google.com/group/rec.games.design/msg/03ec8dc478bdc253| title = net.rpg.freeform 2 of 2}}</ref> One of the earliest stipulations of O'Sullivan was that the basic system would always remain free to the public over the internet, and the [[Portable Document Format|PDF]] of the 1995 version still is.<ref name="desnotes">{{Cite web|url=http://www.panix.com/~sos/rpg/fud-des.html|title=Fudge Designer's Notes|website=www.panix.com}}</ref> The 1995 version of ''Fudge'' is available under a non-commercial licence.

[[Grey Ghost Press]], with the endorsement of Steffan O'Sullivan, publishes an expanded form of the ''Fudge'' system. There have been three Grey Ghost Press editions, the most current being the ''Fudge 10th Anniversary Edition'', which includes several suggested rules systems for common RPG elements and an example basic fantasy "build" of the game.

In March 2004, Grey Ghost Press acquired the copyright of ''Fudge'', and on April 6, 2005, they released a version of ''Fudge'' under the [[Open Game License]].

The OGL license has allowed the ''[[Fate (role-playing game system)|Fate]]'' role-playing game system to build on ''Fudge'' as its underlying mechanic.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://rpgblog.typepad.com/rpg_blog/2005/05/the_fate_interv.html|title = The FATE Interview}}</ref>

In 1999 ''[[Pyramid (magazine)|Pyramid]]'' magazine named ''Fudge'' as one of ''The Millennium's Most Underrated Games''.  Editor [[Scott Haring]] stated  "''Fudge'' is an extremely flexible, rules-light system. It works great, and everybody who plays it, loves it. Why isn't it more popular? I dunno."<ref>{{cite journal| title=Second Sight: The Millennium's Most Influential Company and The Millennium's Most Underrated Game|journal=Pyramid (Online)|last=Haring| first=Scott D. |author-link=Scott Haring | url= http://www.sjgames.com/pyramid/login/article.html?id=1240| date=1999-11-25| access-date=2008-02-16}}</ref>

== Name==
At the time ''Fudge'' was conceived, it was stylish to give role-playing games acronyms for names (for instance, ''[[GURPS]]'' and ''[[TWERPS]]''), and originally the [[usenet]] design project referred to the game as ''SLUG'', for "Simple Laid-back Universal Game".<ref name="desnotes" /> However, this was soon changed to ''FUDGE'' for "Free-form Universal Donated Gaming Engine", but also because the word invoked connotations of an easy to make source of fun. This again was changed when Grey Ghost Press released their 1995 hard copy version of the game, to "Free-form Universal Do-it-yourself Gaming Engine".

With the publication of the Expanded Edition in 2000, the fad for acronym-based names had long since faded, and the writer and the publisher both felt that the forced acronym had become irrelevant. The game has been referred to officially as just ''Fudge'' ever since, though fans often still refer to it in the old manner as ''FUDGE''.

==Game mechanics==
[[Image:FUDGE 4dF probability.svg|thumb|300px|right|Probability of results when rolling 4dF]]
In ''Fudge'', character Traits such as [[attribute (role-playing games)|Attributes]] and [[skill (role-playing)|Skills]], are rated on a seven-level, ascending [[adjective]] scale: ''Terrible, Poor, Mediocre, Fair, Good, Great,'' and ''Superb.''

''Fudge'' characters can also have Gifts and Faults, which are positive and negative traits that do not fit into the adjective scale.

===Fudge dice===
[[File:White Fudge Dice.jpg|thumb|left|200px|A set of Fudge dice]]
''Fudge'' uses customized "''Fudge'' [[dice]]" which have an equal number of plus, minus, and blank sides. A number of these dice are rolled, usually four at a time ("4dF" in Fudge [[dice notation]]), and for every plus side that comes up the result of using the Trait is considered one step higher (e.g. from ''Fair'' to ''Good'') and for every minus side that comes up the result is considered one step lower. The goal is to match or surpass the difficulty level, also on the adjective scale, of the test. Thus, a ''Good'' attribute is considered to be ''Great'' if the player were to roll two plus sides, one minus side, and one blank—the minus side cancels out one of the plus sides and the remaining plus side raises the result by one step. The same ''Good'' attribute would be considered ''Poor'' if you were to roll three minus sides and one blank. The same dice roll can be achieved with six-sided dice, treating a 1 or 2 as [−], a 3–4 as [&nbsp;] and a 5–6 as [+].

There are also several alternative dice systems available that use ten-sided dice, coins, or playing cards.

==Complexity==
The rules of ''Fudge'' are highly customizable and can be adjusted for the level of simplicity or complexity desired by the Game Master and Players. Overall, the system is designed to encourage role-playing over strict adherence to a set of rules. In fact, the main ''Fudge'' documents encourage players to "Just Fudge It"; that is, to focus on the story being created rather than on the game rules. For example, one character creation method encourages players to first write prose descriptions of their characters and then translate those into ''Fudge'' Traits.

==Reception==
In the January 1996 edition of ''[[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon]]'' (Issue 225), [[Rick Swan]] called this game system "a remarkable achievement, a concise, logical analysis of RPG theory that amateur and pro designers alike would do well to ponder." Although Swan liked the simplicity and logic of the open system, he felt that too much of the onus fell on the [[gamemaster]]. "Not only must he role-play the NPCs, stage memorable encounters, and keep the story on track, he must also come up with Difficulty Levels for every conceivable situation. It ain't easy." He concluded by giving the game a rating of 5 out of 6, saying, "FUDGE is about as appropriate for novices as calculus is for preschoolers. Seasoned gamers, however, will be in for a pleasant surprise."<ref name=dragon>{{cite journal |last=Swan |first=Rick |author-link=Rick Swan | date=January 1996 |title=Roleplaying Reviews|journal=[[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon]]|publisher=[[TSR (company)|TSR, Inc.]]|issue=225|pages=90–93}}</ref>

In Issue 17 of ''[[Shadis]]'', Leonard Wilson was enthusiastic about this game system, writing, "Simply put, from start to finish, FUDGE is the sort of quality product that can't be mistaken for anything but a labor of love for everyone involved. If you're a role-player who frequents the Internet anyway, you'll be missing a real treasure if you don't download yourself a copy. Even if you don’t frequent the Internet, if you've ever found yourself tinkering with the rules to a role-playing games, you'll find it well worth the effort to track down a copy of FUDGE."<ref name=shadis>{{cite magazine|last=Wilson|first=Leonard| date=January 1995 |title= The Best Game I Never Bought |magazine=[[Shadis]]| issue=17|pages=78–81}}</ref>

In Issue 3 of the French games magazine ''{{ill|Backstab (magazine)|lt=Backstab|fr|Backstab}}'', Stéphane Bura liked the game system, commenting "This is, to my knowledge, the best system using a normal bell curve (frequent average results and rare extreme results) published to date ... Even if it requires some effort, FUDGE will satisfy those looking for a good generic system less complicated than ''[[GURPS]]''." Bura concluded by giving the game system a rating of 8 out of 10.<ref name="bs">{{cite magazine|last=Bura|first=Stéphane  |date=May–June 1997|title=Critiques|magazine=Backstab|issue=3| pages=51| language=fr}}</ref>

In Issue 30 of the Australian game magazine ''[[Australian Realms]]'', Mike Bell wrote, "What lifts FUDGE to new heights of excellence [...] is the way it encourages and guides through designing your very own personalised RPG using the basic building blocks supplied by its author, Stefan O'Sullivan. Originally distributed via the Internet, buyers are actively encouraged to design and distribute their own FUDGE-based games so long as they include copyright notices and a disclaimer. Way cool!"<ref name=arm>{{cite magazine|last=Bell | first=Mike | date=November 1996|title=XXX |magazine=[[Australian Realms]] |  issue =30|pages= 38}}</ref>

In his 2023 book ''Monsters, Aliens, and Holes in the Ground'', RPG historian Stu Horvath noted, "Most people didn't see it at the time, but ''FUDGE'' marks a fundamental change in RPGs. Simultaneously a system of rules and a treatise on game design theory, it questions many of the methods and mechanics that are taken for granted about roleplaying and reshapes those assumptions, paving the way for other games to continue pushing into new forms in the coming decades."<ref name=mahg>{{cite book| last = Horvath| first = Stu| title = Monsters, Aliens, and Holes in the Ground| publisher = MIT Press| date = 2023| location = Cambridge, Massachusetts| pages = 232–234| isbn =9780262048224 }}</ref>

==Other reviews and commentary==
*''Rollespilsmagasinet Fønix'' (Danish) (Issue 15 - Feb 1997)<ref>{{cite web| url = https://www.rpggeek.com/rpgissuearticle/75494/anmeldelser| title = Anmeldelser {{!}} Article {{!}} RPGGeek}}</ref>
*''[[Pyramid (magazine)|Pyramid]]'' - Fudge Expanded Edition<ref>{{cite web| url = http://www.sjgames.com/pyramid/sample.html?id=1900| title = Pyramid: Pyramid Pick: Fudge Expanded Edition RPG}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Fudge (RPG system)}}
* Grey Ghost Press' [http://www.fudgerpg.com/ ''Fudge'' webpage]
* RPGGeek Listing [http://rpggeek.com/rpg/204/fudge Fudge System]

{{Fudge Games}}
{{RPG systems}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Role-playing game systems]]
[[Category:Universal role-playing games]]
[[Category:Open-source tabletop games]]
[[Category:Games and sports introduced in 1992]]
[[Category:FUDGE]]