View source for Galyat

{{Short description|Region in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab, Pakistan}}
[[File:Galyat.jpg|thumb|Sun through clouds in the mountains]]

'''Galyat''' ({{langx|ur| گلیات }}) region, or hill tract, (also written '''Galliat''' and '''Galiyat''')<ref>{{cite web|title=Visit Galiyat|url=http://www.visitgaliyat.com/|accessdate=12 April 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120420212525/http://www.visitgaliyat.com/|archive-date=20 April 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref> is a narrow strip or area roughly {{Convert|50|km|abbr=on}}–{{Convert|80|km|abbr=on}} north-east of [[Islamabad]], Pakistan, extending on both sides of the [[Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]-[[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]] border, between [[Abbottabad]] and [[Murree]].<ref>''Hazara District Gazetteer 1883-84'', Lahore: Govt of the Punjab, 1884, p.3</ref> The word itself is derived from the plural of the [[Urdu]] word ''gali'', which means an alley between two mountains on both sides of which there are valleys and which is not the highest point in the range. Many of the towns in the area have the word ''gali'' as part of their names, and are popular tourist resorts.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.abbottabad.sdnpk.org/tourism.htm |title=Tourism in Abbottabad District |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090121145218/http://www.abbottabad.sdnpk.org/tourism.htm |archive-date=January 21, 2009 }}</ref> The area, together with the surrounding regions, is home to a [[Pahari-Pothwari#Kashmir, Murree and the Galyat|linguistic continuum]], which has challenged social scientists in terms of anomalous classification.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Liljegren |first=Henrik |last2=Akhunzada |first2=Fakhruddin |date=October 2017 |title=Linguistic diversity, vitality and maintenance: a case study on the language situation in northern Pakistan |url=https://www.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:1155268/FULLTEXT01.pdf |journal=Multiethnica |quote=A number of the [[Indo-Aryan languages]] spoken in the wider mountain region are frequently referred to as "[[Dardic languages|Dardic]]," a questionable designation that is only marginally useful as a classification term since it is not at all clear where to draw the line between this cluster of languages and other north-western Indo-Aryan languages ([[Georg Morgenstierne|Morgenstierne]] 1974, 3), or whether such a line should be drawn at all ([[Richard Strand|Strand]] 1973, 298). The languages in question, as far as they are found in northern Pakistan, are 17 languages of the five sub-groups: Kunar, Chitral, Kohistani, Shina, and Kashmiri. The languages labelled Lahnda, northern Hindko, and Pahari-Potwari are closely related to, and form a continuum with, some of the !arge languages spoken by some 100 million people in lowland Pakistan (south of the mountain region), such as Punjabi and Saraiki. |via=DiVA Portal}}</ref>

==Brief history and ethnology==
[[File:Nathia Gali Pakistan.jpg|thumb|Nathia Gali in the Galyat Region]]
The Galyat tracts were first 'discovered' by early British colonial officials, such as [[James Abbott (Indian Army officer)|James Abbott]], who ventured into these areas circa 1846–47.<ref>[[Charles Allen (writer)|Charles Allen]], ''Soldier-Sahibs: The Men who made the North-West Frontier'' London, 2000, p.</ref> The British found them climatically conducive to them and began to develop some of the sites in the range/tract as hill resorts, to escape the summer heat of the low-lands. Later on, after Partition/Independence of Pakistan in 1947, these were neglected for some time but eventually developed further from the 1960s onwards as popular resorts.

The area, being home to the [[Karlal]] tribe, was called the 'Karral country' during the colonial times by the British (named after the tribe). The Karlal's are still the dominant tribe of the Galyat. The language spoke by the tribesmen is [[Hindko]] whereas the dialect of Hindko spoken is called the 'Dhundi-Kairali'.<ref>Details of the history and tribes etc, of this region have already been given in considerable detail in several other articles here</ref>
It is today located in what is the Abbottabad District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. At an elevation of 2,410&nbsp;m (8,000&nbsp;ft), it is a popular tourist resort in the summer months. It is forested with pine, cedar, oak walnut and also oak and maple trees.

In 2023, this region has been included by UNESCO in prestigious biospehere reserve sites.<ref>{{cite news |website=www.unesco.org |url=https://www.unesco.org/en/mab/gallies |title=Gallies }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/2422029/k-p-biosphere-sites-join-unesco-list |title=K-P biosphere sites join UNESCO list |date=16 June 2023 }}</ref>

==Localities in the Galyat==
* [[Ayubia]] (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
*[[Khanspur]] (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
*[[Thandiani]] (Khyber-Pukhtunkhwa)
*[[Darwaza Ayubia]] (Khyber Pukhtunkhwa)
*[[Dagri Naka]] (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)<ref>[[Dagri Naka]]</ref>
*[[Bagnotar]] (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
*[[Makool Tarli|Makol]] (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
*[[Namli Maira]] (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
*[[Bandi Mera|Bandit Maira]] (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
*[[Bara Gali]] (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
*[[Changla Gali]] (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
*[[Dunga Gali]] (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
*[[Khaira Gali]] (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
*[[Nathia Gali]] (Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa)
*[[Jhika Gali]] (Punjab)
*[[Ghora Gali]] (Punjab)
*[[Murree]] (Punjab)

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{coord missing|Punjab, Pakistan|Khyber Pakhtunkhwa}}

[[Category:Hill stations in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Galyat of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Geography of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]
[[Category:Tourism in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa]]
[[Category:Internal borders of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Biosphere reserves of Pakistan]]


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