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{{distinguish|Gardabani (historic district)}}
[[File:Jorgat harasm.gif|thumb|300px|The Kingdom of Gardman-Parisos (yellow) in 1017 when it was acquired by the Kingdom of Lori (red).]]

'''Gardman''' ({{langx|hy|Գարդման}}), also known as '''Gardmank'''' or '''Gardmanadzor''', was one of the eight cantons of the ancient province of [[Utik|Utik']] in the [[Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)|Kingdom of Armenia]] and simultaneously, together with the canton of Tuch'katak, an [[Armenians|Armenian]] [[principality]].{{Sfn|Hewsen|2001|pp=100–103, 118–121}} It roughly corresponded within the [[Qazax District|Gazakh]], [[Shamkir District|Shamkir]], [[Aghstafa District|Aghstafa]], [[Dashkasan District|Dashkasan]], [[Goygol District|Goygol]], [[Tovuz District|Tovuz]], [[Gadabay District|Gadabay]] districts of modern-day [[Azerbaijan]] and the original [[Tavush Province|Tavush Region]] of [[Armenia]]. Gardman was also the name of the central fortress of the canton.

==History==
In the view of historian [[Robert H. Hewsen]], the name Gardman might be of [[Georgian language|Georgian]] origin.{{Sfn|Hewsen|2001|loc=p. 58: "the names Gardman and Gargarac'ik' suggest a Georgian connection"}} Many contemporary Armenian authors referred to Gardman as a part of the {{transliteration|hy|ashkharh}} ('province, land') of [[Artsakh (historical province)|Artsakh]].{{Sfn|Hakobyan|2007|loc=pp. 243–244: "Հեղինակներից շատերը Գարդմանը դնում են Արցախ «աշխարհի» մեջ" [Many of the authors place Gardman in the "ashkharh" of Artsakh]}} During the reign of the [[Arsacid dynasty of Armenia|Arsacid]] kings of Armenia (66–428 A.D.), Gardman was the seat of the {{transliteration|hy|[[nakharar]]s}} of Utik'. For this reason, Utik' was sometimes called {{transliteration|hy|Gardmants'vots' ishkhanut'yun}}, or the principality of the Gardmanians.{{Sfn|Ulubabyan|1977}} Gardman was acquired by [[Caucasian Albania]] in 387 following the [[Peace of Acilisene|partition of Armenia]].{{Sfn|Hewsen|2001|pp=119, 163}} In the seventh century, the local house of Gardman was replaced by the [[Mihranid]] family (of [[Persia]]n or [[Parthia]]n origin),{{Sfn|Bosworth|1986}} which later became the ruling dynasty in the region of [[Caucasian Albania|Arran]]. During the rule of the Mihranids (7th-8th centuries), the region of Utik' came to be referred to as Gardman.{{Sfn|Ulubabyan|1977}} 

The region was conquered by the [[Arab]]s in 855. Contemporary Armenian historians repeatedly noted the presence of two well known locations in Gardman: a fortress called Getabakk' (in the current-day Azerbaijani region of [[Gadabay Rayon|Gadabay]]) and a copper mine.{{Sfn|Hakobyan|2007|pp=243–244}}

In 982, Gardman and Parisos, the northern district of Artsakh, became the small Armenian [[Parisos|kingdom of Parisos]], which lasted until 1017 and thereafter became part of the [[Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget|Kingdom of Lori]].{{Sfn|Hewsen|2001|pp=119, 163}} In 1601, the princely family of Melik-Shahnazaryan established the ''[[melik]]dom'' of Gardman. The ruling family belonged to a branch of the House of [[Principality of Khachen|Khachen]], and their residence was in the village of Voskanapat (and for this reason, the statelet was sometimes referred to as the Voskanapat melikdom).{{Sfn|Hewsen|2001|pp=119, 163}} The territorial rights of the meliks were confirmed after the Russian Empire took control of the region in the early nineteenth century.{{Sfn|Hakobyan|2007|p=378}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Bibliography==
{{sfn whitelist |CITEREFBosworth1986}}
*{{Encyclopædia Iranica Online|url=https://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/arran-a-region|title=Arrān|first=C. E.|last=Bosworth|year=1986}}
* {{cite book
  | last = Hakobyan
  | first = Tadevos Kh.
  | title = Hayastani patmakan ashkharhagrutʻyun
  | publisher =Yerevan State University Press
  | location= 
  | year = 2007
  | pages=243–244|language=hy|author-link=Tadevos Hakobyan}}
* {{cite book
  | last = Hewsen
  | first = Robert H
  | authorlink =Robert Hewsen
  | title = Armenia: A Historical Atlas
  | publisher =University of Chicago Press
  | location= Chicago
  | year = 2001
  | pages=100–103, 118–121
  | isbn =0-226-33228-4 }}
* {{Cite encyclopedia |year=1977 |title=Gardman |encyclopedia=[[Soviet Armenian Encyclopedia]] |location=Yerevan |url=https://hy.wikisource.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%BB:%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%8D%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%BF%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6_(Soviet_Armenian_Encyclopedia)_2.djvu/700 |last=Ulubabyan |first=B. |author-link=Bagrat Ulubabyan |editor-last=Simonyan |editor-first=Abel |volume=2 |pages=700 |language=hy}}

{{Historical regions of Armenia}}
{{Historical regions of Caucasian Albania}}



[[Category:Former regions of Armenia]]
[[Category:Historical regions in Azerbaijan]]
[[Category:Caucasian Albania]]
[[Category:Ancient Armenia]]
[[Category:Ancient history of Azerbaijan]]