View source for Garratt locomotive

{{Short description|Articulated steam locomotive}}
{{redirect|Garratt|people with the surname|Garratt (surname)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2021}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2014}}
<!--Please consider placing detailed class information in class-specific articles, as this is an overview article. -->

[[File:Garratt articulated steam locomotive -- concept diagram.png|thumb|300px|Characteristics of the Garratt articulated locomotive]]
[[File:EAR 1953 Steam & diesel catalogue Page 80 - Nr. 5902.jpg|thumb|300px|The Garratt with the highest tractive effort in the world was the East African Railways 59 class. Its tractive effort of 83,350 pounds was twice that of a [[BR Standard Class 9F|British Railways class 9F]] [[2-10-0]]]]

A '''Garratt locomotive''' is a type of [[articulated locomotive|articulated]] [[steam locomotive]] invented by the engineer [[Herbert William Garratt]] that is [[articulated locomotive|articulated]] into three parts.{{Sfn|Durrant|1969|page=13}} Its [[boiler]], [[Firebox (steam engine)|firebox]], and [[Cab (locomotive)|cab]] are mounted on a centre frame or "bridge". The two other parts, one at each end, have a pivot to support the central frame; they consist of a [[steam engines|steam engine unit]] – with driving wheels, trailing wheels, valve gear, and cylinders, and above it, fuel and/or water storage.

Articulation permits locomotives to negotiate curves that might restrict large rigid-framed locomotives. The design also provides more driving wheels per unit of locomotive weight, permitting operation on lightly engineered track. Garratt locomotives produced as much as twice the tractive effort<ref group="note">Tractive effort is not the same as power: it is the measurement of a force, whereas power is the rate of doing work. The locomotive with the highest tractive effort is not necessarily the most powerful.</ref> of the largest conventional locomotives of railways that introduced them, reducing the need for multiple locomotives and crews.

==Advantages of the Garratt design==
The principal benefit of the Garratt design is that the boiler and firebox unit are slung between the two [[steam engine|engine]] units. A further advantage is that the firebox and ashpan are not restricted in dimensions by running gear; the ashpan can have much larger capacity than on a normal locomotive, allowing longer continuous runs without needing to stop and empty the ashpan to clear combustion products from the grate.<ref>{{cite book| last=Tuplin| first=W.A.| title=British Steam since 1900| publisher=Pan Books| year=1971| isbn=0-330-02721-2| page=[https://archive.org/details/britishsteamsinc00pan/page/73 73]| url-access=registration| url=https://archive.org/details/britishsteamsinc00pan/page/73}}</ref> A large firebox and its unrestricted air supply also allowed the Garratt to operate with poor-quality fuel without reducing steaming capacity.<ref name="Trains_1955">Fawcett, B. "Contortionist of the high iron", ''[[Trains (magazine)|Trains]]'', June 1955</ref>

Garratts ran equally well in either direction, negating the need for turntables. Often they ran with the cab leading the boiler (sometimes called [fuel] bunker leading), especially on routes with tunnels.<ref name="Trains_1955"/>

Most Garratts were designed for freight or mixed traffic, but several Garratt classes were designed for passenger service. A French-built [[National Company for Rail Transport|Algerian Railways]] Garratt holds the world speed record for an articulated locomotive at {{convert|132|km/h|mph}}.<ref name=Glancey/> Garratts operating at higher speeds had one advantage over the Mallet design on account of the geometry of the design. When swinging around curves, the boiler and cab unit moved inward, reducing the centrifugal force, whereas the Mallet's forward articulated unit moved out as the locomotive rounded curves.<ref name="Hollingsworth" />

As [[Oswald Nock|O.S. Nock]] wrote,<ref>{{cite book| last=Nock| first=O.S.| title=Railways in the Years of Pre-Eminence 1905-19| publisher=Blandford Press| year=1971| page=127}}</ref> the Garratt type holds several advantages over the [[Mallet (locomotive)|Mallet]] type:<blockquote>This [the Mallet] was so designed to provide a very large engine unit, to be managed by a single crew, but to spread the dead weight over many axles and thus avoid excessive loads on the track and under-line bridges, and at the same time retain flexibility of wheelbase to facilitate operation on severely curved sections of line. The Mallet, having driving-wheel units beneath the boiler, retains the limitation in dimensions inherent in the orthodox type of steam locomotive, while the immense length of some of these machines is itself a handicap. Except with oil firing, ... one cannot put the cab in front. H.W. Garratt ... patented ... the idea of having a single large boiler slung on a cradle carried on two entirely separate engine units. ... The boiler could be developed to ideal proportions, unfettered by any wheels beneath it. It could be kept short, and of large diameter, which is the best possible form for securing a high rate of evaporation.</blockquote>

Although at the end of the steam locomotive era, most conventional steam locomotives had reached their maximum in "critical dimensions", the Garratt still had potential for further development, with larger driving wheels, larger boilers, and greater output still achievable.<ref name="Hollingsworth" />

==Disadvantages of the Garratt concept==
The major theoretical disadvantage of a Garratt (shared with all [[tank engine]]s) was that  adhesive weight decreases as water is used up from the front tank and coal and water from the rear tank and bunker. The phenomenon does exist, but was minimised by the adhesion of the multiplicity of driving wheels, sufficient usually to avoid wheel slippage.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Garratt locomotives of the world |last1=Durrant |first1=A.E. |date=1981 |publisher=Bracken Books|location=London W1N 7AP|isbn=1-85170-141-9 |page=25}}</ref>

==Competitors, look-alikes, and variations on the theme==
[[File:Garratt Lokomotive Baureihe U südafrikanische Eisenbahn.jpg|thumb|right|South African Union Garratt]]
The Garratt was not alone in the field of articulated locomotives; most notably, [[Mallet locomotive#North American versions|articulated locomotives in the United States]] based on the [[Mallet locomotive|Mallet]] design achieved power outputs far exceeding those of Garratts. Away from North America were the [[Fairlie locomotive|Fairlie]] and [[Meyer locomotive|Meyer]] articulated types. Further, similar designs to the Garratt were the Union Garratt, Modified Fairlie, and [[Golwé locomotive|Golwé]]. Of these, the closest was the Union Garratt, a type originally prompted by the perceived necessity for a rigid connection between a bunker or tender and a firebox fed by a mechanical stoker. They were, in effect, a hybrid Fairlie and Garratt with the rear bunker attached to the frame instead of being carried on the rear bogie.<ref name= dickinson>{{cite web |url= https://www.internationalsteam.co.uk/articulateds/articulated02.htm |title= True articulated steam locomotives part 2 |first= Rob | last= Dickinson |date= 17 December 2019 |website= The international steam pages  |publisher= Internationalsteam.co.uk |access-date= 28 November 2020 }}</ref> The class GH and class U Union Garratts of the South African Railways were examples.<ref group="note">The Union Garratt did not enjoy the success of the standard Garratt. It was soon evident that mechanical stokers could function across the connection between a Garratt's boiler and engine unit, making the rationale for the Union Garratt redundant. A weakness was the Union Garratts' extended boiler frames and the position of the bunker and hind water tank on those frames; the South African Railways U and GH classes had much heavier axle-loadings than Garratts of comparable size, weight, and power, and wear on the hind pivot was severe. The Union Garratt, like the Golwé and Modified Fairlie, was not perpetuated on anything like the scale of the Garratt, and no known examples survive.</ref>

==Garratt development==
[[File:K1 works photograph.jpg|thumb|right|A builder's photo of the K1 locomotive ([[Tasmanian Government Railways K class]]), the first Garratt locomotive]]
[[File:K1 drawing.jpg|thumb|right|Works drawing of K1]]

Herbert William Garratt, a British locomotive engineer, invented the articulated locomotive concept that bore his name, for which he was granted a patent (no.&nbsp;12079). At the time, he was the [[New South Wales Government Railways|New South Wales Railways]]' inspecting engineer in [[London]] following a career with British colonial railways. Garratt first approached [[Kitson and Company]] with his design, but his idea was rejected, perhaps because that company were already committed to the [[Meyer locomotive|Kitson-Meyer]] articulated design. He then approached [[Beyer, Peacock and Company]], which were only marginally more interested.<ref name="Durrant">{{harvnb|Durrant|1981}}</ref>{{Page needed|date=November 2020}}

===The first Garratts===
In 1907, Beyer, Peacock and Company submitted a proposal for a {{Track gauge|2ft|lk=on}} gauge {{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}} Garratt to the New South Wales Government Railways, which was not proceeded with. The following year a design for a {{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1}} gauge Mallet locomotive was submitted in reply to an enquiry from the [[Government of Tasmania]]. The company then proposed a Garratt design based on, but a little heavier than, the design for New South Wales, with capacity to negotiate curves of {{cvt|99|ft|m|2}} radius and 1 in 25 gradients.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Murdoch|first1=Geoff|title=Tasmania's Hagans: the North East Dundas Tramway: Articulated J Class|date=1988|publisher=Geoff Murdoch|isbn=0646334425|pages=11–13}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.ashet.org.au/garratt| website=ashet.org| title=The Garratt Locomotive| location=Australia| access-date=28 December 2017| archive-date=14 July 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190714100526/https://ashet.org.au/garratt/| url-status=dead}}</ref> The proposal was accepted, and two locomotives were built in 1909, which became the [[Tasmanian Government Railways K class|K class]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Belbin|first1=B.|author2=Browning, J |author3=McKillop, B. |title=K1 Steams Again|series=Light Rails|volume=193|date=February 2007|page=4}}</ref>

The Tasmanian Railways stipulated two features that were not in Herbert Garratt's original concept. The first was a [[Compound locomotive|compound configuration]] in which two high-pressure cylinders were on the rear engine unit and a pipe led to two larger, low-pressure cylinders on the front engine unit. The second was to have the [[Cylinder (engine)|cylinders]] facing inwards, which would reduce the distances between both the main steam pipe and the high-pressure cylinders and between the high-pressure and low-pressure cylinders.<ref name=Turner>{{cite book|last=Turner|first=Jim|title=Australian Steam Locomotives 1896-1958|year=1997|publisher=Kangaroo Press|location=Kenthurst|isbn=086417778X|page=50}}</ref> The latter feature made the locomotive unnecessarily complicated and placed the high-pressure cylinders directly underneath the cab, making it uncomfortably hot for the crew on the rare days when Tasmania's [[West Coast Range]] was warm. Only one more Garratt locomotive was produced with compound propulsion (by Beyer, Peacock & Co. in 1927 for [[Rail transport in Myanmar#Locomotives|Burma Railways]]).<ref name="Durrant-46">{{harvnb|Durrant|1981|p=46}}</ref> The company  built no more Garratts with inward-facing cylinders, but two Garratts operated by the [[Southern Fuegian Railway|Southern Fuegian tourist railway]] at Ushuaia in Argentina, largely based on the K class, have that feature.<ref name= dickinson/>{{refn|group=note|The locomotives, designated as the KM class, comprise no.&nbsp;2, built in 1994 and rebuilt in 2001 at Ushuaia, and no.&nbsp;6, incorporating improved design features, built in 2006 at Durban, South Africa. {{As of|2020}}, a third Garratt was under construction.<ref name= dickinson/><ref>{{cite web|url= https://groups.io/g/sar-l/message/56804| title= February 2020 upate on Garratt's - Worldwide|first= Les|last= Smith|date= 7 March 2020 |website= groups.io|access-date= 28 November 2020}}</ref>}}

Early design and construction difficulties involved the steam-tight flexible connections between the boiler unit and the power units. However, Beyer, Peacock's engineers solved them after studying a description of the spherical steam joints used on a [[Fairlie locomotive|Fairlie]] locomotive.<ref>{{cite book|last=Rolt|first=L.T.C.|author-link=L. T. C. Rolt|title=A Hunslet hundred|publisher=[[David & Charles]]|location=Dawlish|year=1964|page=66}}, quoted by Tom Rolt from Edgar Alcock regarding his time at Beyer Peacock.</ref>

===Darjeeling Himalayan Railway===
The [[DHR D Class|third Garratt]] (another {{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}, like the first two) was built in 1910 for the [[Darjeeling Himalayan Railway]] and given the class letter "D". The power output was intended to be double that of the line's existing {{whyte|0-4-0|ST}} locomotives, but only a 65% increase in loading was achieved.<ref name="Hughes3-37">{{Harvnb|Hughes|1994|p=37}}</ref>

===First main-line class===
In 1911, Beyer, Peacock & Company built six {{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}} Garratts for the [[Western Australian Government Railways]]. The [[WAGR M class|M class]] were followed by the Ms class and the [[WAGR Msa class|Msa class]]. These locomotives formed the pattern for the [[Narrow gauge lines of the Victorian Railways|Victorian Railways narrow gauge]] [[Victorian Railways G class|G class]] and the Australian Portland Cement Garratts.<ref name="Durrant" />{{Page needed|date=November 2020}}

===Final Garratts constructed===
[[File:Class NG G16 no. NG115.jpg|thumb|Class NG G16 no. NG115]]
Beyer, Peacock built more than a thousand Garratt or Beyer-Garratt locomotives.{{sfnp|Atkins|1999|page=104}}{{refn|group=note|The term Garratt alone was used after 1907, when Herbert Garratt was granted his patent and subsequently Beyer, Peacock & Co. had sole rights of manufacture in Britain. After the patents ran out in 1928, the company began to use the name Beyer-Garratt to distinguish their locomotives.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://collection.sciencemuseumgroup.org.uk/people/ap16805/beyer-peacock-co-ltd |title= Beyer Peacock & Co Ltd |author=<!--Not stated--> |date= 2019 |website= Science Museum Group |access-date= 28 November 2020 }}</ref>}} The final built to a Beyer-Peacock design, in {{nowrap|1967–1968}}, were eight {{Track gauge|2ft}} gauge South African Railways [[South African Class NG G16 2-6-2+2-6-2|Class NG G16]] locomotives.{{refn|group=note|The order was placed with Beyer, Peacock and Co., but since the firm was in the process of closing down, it subcontracted the order to the [[Hunslet Engine Company]]. Hunslet's South African [[subsidiary]], Hunslet-Taylor, in [[Germiston]], built the locomotives using boilers manufactured by their parent company.<ref name="Durrant" />{{Page needed|date=November 2020}}}}

===Production list===
The following list shows known Garratt construction by all manufacturers.<ref name="Garratt Builders B">{{Garratt Builders B}}</ref><ref name="Garratt Builders O">{{Garratt Builders O}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.trendelfindelmundo.com.ar/ferrocarril_ingenieroPorta.php| title=The End of the World Train - Tierra del Fuego National Park - Engineer Porta| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120301030645/http://www.trendelfindelmundo.com.ar/ferrocarril_ingenieroPorta.php| archive-date=1 March 2012}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed sortable" border= "1" style= "width: 90%; font-size: 86%; margin-left:1em; margin-right:3em; margin-bottom:2em"
! Type
! Gauge
! Railway
! Class
! Units
! Year
! Builder
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|0500|{{Track gauge|500 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[Southern Fuegian Railway]], Argentina
|Ing.L.D.Porta
|1
|1994
|Argentina
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|0500|{{Track gauge|500 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Southern Fuegian Railway, Argentina
|Ing.H.R.Zubieta
|1
|2006
|Girdlestone Rail, South Africa
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|0600|{{Track gauge|600 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|C.F.Vicinaux du Mayumbe, Zaïre
|E
|1
|1927
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|0600|{{Track gauge|600 mm|disp=1}}}}
|C.F.Vicinaux du Mayumbe, Zaïre
|A
|2
|1911
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|0600|{{Track gauge|600 mm|disp=1}}}}
|C.F.Vicinaux du Mayumbe, Zaïre
|A
|2
|1911
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|0600|{{Track gauge|600 mm|disp=1}}}}
|C.F.Vicinaux du Mayumbe, Zaïre
|B
|2
|1919
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|0600|{{Track gauge|600 mm|disp=1}}}}
|C.F.Vicinaux du Mayumbe, Zaïre
|B
|4
|1921
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|0600|{{Track gauge|600 mm|disp=1}}}}
|C.F.Vicinaux du Mayumbe, Zaïre
|
|5
|1924
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|0600|{{Track gauge|600 mm|disp=1}}}}
|C.F.Vicinaux du Mayumbe, Zaïre
|C
|4
|1926
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|0610|{{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Darjeeling Himalayan, India
|[[DHR D Class|D]]
|1
|1910
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|0610|{{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1}}}}
|[[Tasmanian Government Railways]]
|[[Tasmanian Government Railways K class|K]]
|2
|1909
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|0750|{{Track gauge|750 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Mines du Zaccar, Algeria
|
|1
|1936
|Haine Saint-Pierre
|-
|[[0-4-0+0-4-0]]
|{{sort|0750|{{Track gauge|750 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Mines du Zaccar, Algeria
|
|1
|1937
|Haine Saint-Pierre
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|0750|{{Track gauge|750 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Mines du Zaccar, Algeria
|
|1
|1912
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Porto Feliz Sugar Co., Brazil
|
|1
|1927
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Piracicaba Sugar Co., Brazil
|
|1
|1927
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[Vivian & Sons]] (British Copper/ICI)
|
|1
|1924
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|Sneyd Colliery, Burslem
|
|1
|1931
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|[[GKN#Guest Keen Baldwins|Guest, Keen & Baldwins]]
|
|1
|1934
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|Baddesley Colliery, [[Baddesley Ensor]]
|
|1
|1937
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|0-6-0+0-6-0}}
|{{sort|0750|{{Track gauge|750 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|C.F. du Congo
|
|1
|1913
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-6-0+0-6-0}}
|{{sort|0750|{{Track gauge|750 mm|disp=1}}}}
|C.F. du Congo
|
|12
|1920-21
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-6-0+0-6-0}}
|{{sort|0750|{{Track gauge|750 mm|disp=1}}}}
|C.F. du Congo
|
|9
|1924-25
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-6-0+0-6-0}}
|{{sort|0750|{{Track gauge|750 mm|disp=1}}}}
|C.F. du Congo
|
|10
|1925-26
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-6-0+0-6-0}}
|{{sort|0760|{{Track gauge|2ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Buthidaung-Maungdaw Tramway, Burma
|
|2
|1913
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|0-6-0+0-6-0}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[SNCV]], Belgium
|Type 23
|1
|1929
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-6-0+0-6-0}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|SNCV, Belgium
|Type 23
|1
|1930
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|0-6-0+0-6-0}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Limburg Tramway, the Netherlands
|
|1
|1931
|Hanomag & Henschel
|-
|{{whyte|2-4-0+0-4-2}}
|{{sort|0760|{{Track gauge|2ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[Sri Lanka Railways|Ceylon Government Railway]]
|H1
|1
|1929
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-4-0+0-4-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[São Paulo Railway Company]], Brazil
|
|1
|1919
|São Paulo Railway
|-
|{{whyte|2-4-0+0-4-2}}
|{{sort|1600|{{Track gauge|5ft3in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|São Paulo Railway Company, Brazil
|Q
|3
|1915
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-4-2+2-4-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Leopoldina Railway, Brazil
|
|4
|1943
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|[[2-6-0+0-6-2]]
|{{sort|0260|{{Track gauge|10.25in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[Wells & Walsingham Light Railway]]
|
|1
|1986
|Neil Simkins
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|0260|{{Track gauge|10.25in|disp=1}}}}
|Wells & Walsingham Light Railway
|
|1
|2010
|Wells & Walsingham Light Railway
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|0610|{{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[South African Railways]]
|NG G11
|3
|1919
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|0610|{{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|NG G11
|2
|1925
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|0760|{{Track gauge|2ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[Victorian Railways]], Australia
|[[Victorian Railways G class|G]]
|2
|1926
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|São Paulo Railway, Brazil
|U
|1
|1912
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|São Paulo Railway, Brazil
|V
|1
|1936
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|C.F.Madagascar
|B
|2
|1926
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|South African Railways
|GA
|1
|1920
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Australian Portland Cement
|
|1
|1936
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Australian Portland Cement
|
|1
|1939
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Western Australian Government Railways
|[[WAGR M class|M]]
|6
|1911
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Western Australian Government Railways
|[[WAGR M class|Ms]]
|7
|1912
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Western Australian Government Railways
|[[WAGR Msa class|Msa]]
|10
|1930
|[[Midland Railway Workshops]]
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[Argentine North Eastern Railway]] (FCNEA)
|
|3
|1925
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|[[London Midland & Scottish Railway]]
|
|3
|1927
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|Argentine North Eastern Railway (FCNEA)
|
|4
|1927
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|[[Entre Rios Railway]] (FCER), Argentina
|
|5
|1927
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|London Midland & Scottish Railway
|
|30
|1930
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0610|{{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|South African Railways
|[[SAR NGG 16 Class|NG G16]]
|8
|1939
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0610|{{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|NG G16
|7
|1951
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0610|{{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|NG G16
|7
|1958
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0610|{{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|NG G12
|2
|1927
|Franco-Belge, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0610|{{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|NG G14
|1
|1930
|[[Hanomag]]
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0610|{{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|NG G13
|3
|1927
|Hanomag
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0610|{{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|NG G13
|2
|1928
|Hanomag
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0610|{{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|NG G13
|7
|1928
|Hanomag
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0610|{{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|NG G16
|8
|1967-68
|Hunslet-Taylor
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0610|{{Track gauge|2ft|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|NG G16
|4
|1936
|[[John Cockerill (company)|John Cockerill]]
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0760|{{Track gauge|2ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[Nepal Government Railway]]
|
|1
|1932
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0760|{{Track gauge|2ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Nepal Government Railway
|
|1
|1947
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0760|{{Track gauge|2ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|[[Sierra Leone Government Railway]]
|
|3
|1926
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0760|{{Track gauge|2ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Sierra Leone Government Railway
|
|2
|1928
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0760|{{Track gauge|2ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Sierra Leone Government Railway
|
|2
|1929
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0760|{{Track gauge|2ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Sierra Leone Government Railway
|
|4
|1942
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|0760|{{Track gauge|2ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Sierra Leone Government Railway
|
|2
|1943
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Great Western of Brazil
|
|2
|1929
|[[Armstrong Whitworth]]
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|La Robla Railway, Spain
|
|2
|1931
|Babcock & Wilcox, Spain
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|[[Assam Bengal Railway]], India
|T
|5
|1927
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|[[Transandine Railway]], Argentina
|E12
|4
|1930
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Minera de Sierra Minera, Spain
|
|2
|1930
|Euskalduna, Spain
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|La Robla Railway, Spain
|
|2
|1929
|Hanomag
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|C.G. de F. Catalanes, Spain
|
|4
|1922
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|C.G. de F. Catalanes, Spain
|
|4
|1925
|St. Leonard, Belgium
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|South African Railways
|GB
|1
|1921
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Natal Navigation Collieries, South Africa
|
|1
|1925
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GG
|1
|1925
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Dundee Coal & Coke, South Africa
|
|1
|1927
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Trans Zambezia, Moçambique/Nyasaland
|E
|1
|1930
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Consolidated Main Reef Mine, South Africa
|
|1
|1935
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Tasmanian Government Railways
|[[Tasmanian Government Railways L class|L]]
|2
|1912
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|New Cape Central Railway, South Africa
|G
|2
|1923
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Trans Zambezia, Moçambique/Nyasaland
|E
|2
|1924
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GB
|6
|1924
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GC
|6
|1924
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GD
|4
|1925
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|[[National Railways of Zimbabwe#Rhodesia Railways|Rhodesia Railways]]
|13
|12
|1926
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GD
|7
|1925
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GD
|3
|1926
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|14
|6
|1929
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Guayaquil & Quito Railway, Ecuador
|
|3
|1929
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rio Tinto Railway, Spain
|
|2
|1928
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|14
|10
|1930
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|14A
|12
|1952
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|14A
|6
|1953
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GCA
|26
|1928
|Krupp
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GCA
|13
|1927
|Krupp
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GDA
|5
|1929
|[[Linke-Hofmann-Busch]]
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1676|{{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|North Western Railway, India
|GAS
|1
|1925
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1676|{{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Ceylon Government Railway
|C1
|1
|1927
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1676|{{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|São Paulo Railway, Brazil
|R1
|6
|1927
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}
|{{sort|1676|{{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Ceylon Government Railway
|C1A
|8
|1945
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[Myanmar Railways|Burma Railways]]
|GA.I
|1
|1924
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Burma Railways
|GA.II
|1
|1927
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Burma Railways
|GA.III
|3
|1927
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|War Department, [[Assam Bengal Railway]]
|Light
|10
|1943
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Burma Railways
|GA.IV
|8
|1929
|Krupp
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[London & North Eastern Railway]]
|[[LNER Class U1|U1]]
|1
|1925
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|[[Chemins de Fer Ottomans d'Anatolie|Ottoman Railways]], Turkey
|
|1
|1927
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|Mauritius Railway
|
|3
|1927
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}}
|{{sort|1676|{{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[Bengal Nagpur Railway]], India
|[[BNR class HSG|HSG]]
|2
|1925
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|C.F. Franco Ethiopien & Libya
|
|6
|1939
|Ansaldo, Italy
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|War Department, India/Burma
|
|14
|1944
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Royal State Railways of Thailand
|
|6
|1929
|Henschel
|-
|[[2-8-2+2-8-2]]
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|[[State Railway of Thailand|Royal State Railways of Thailand]]
|
|2
|1936
|Henschel
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Sierra Leone Development Corporation
|
|1
|1937
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Sierra Leone Development Corporation
|
|1
|1937
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GE
|6
|1924
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GE
|10
|1927
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|
|8
|1929-30
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GE
|2
|1930
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Sierra Leone Development Corporation
|
|2
|1931
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|
|6
|1938
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|
|6
|1937
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|War Department, Congo/Gold Coast/Rhodesia
|
|18
|1943
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|
|30
|1953
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Central of Peru
|
|1
|1931
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|Nitrate Railways, Chile
|
|3
|1926
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|Nitrate Railways, Chile
|
|3
|1928
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|Central of Peru
|
|3
|1930
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1676|{{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Central of Aragon, Spain
|
|6
|1931
|Babcock & Wilcox, Spain
|-
|{{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}
|{{sort|1676|{{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|[[Renfe]], Spain
|
|10
|1960
|Babcock & Wilcox, Spain
|-
|{{whyte|4-4-2+2-4-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Tasmanian Government Railways
|[[Tasmanian Government Railways M class (1912)|M]]
|2
|1912
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-4-2+2-4-4}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Entre Rios Railway (FCER), Argentina
|
|5
|1927
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-4-2+2-4-4}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|Argentine North Eastern (FCNAR)
|
|3
|1930
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-0+0-6-4}}
|{{sort|0914|{{Track gauge|3ft|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Ferrocarril Pacifico de Colombia
|
|2
|1924
|Armstrong Whitworth
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-0+0-6-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[Socorro, São Paulo#Coffee and Italian immigration|Mogyana Railway, Brazil]]
|
|2
|1912
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-0+0-6-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Mogyana Railway, Brazil
|
|3
|1914
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|0914|{{Track gauge|3ft|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Ferrocarril Dorada, Colombia
|
|2
|1938
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Midland of Buenos Aires, Argentina
|
|2
|1929
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Leopoldina Railway, Brazil
|
|2
|1929
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Leopoldina Railway, Brazil
|
|6
|1937
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Leopoldina Railway, Brazil
|
|8
|1943
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Vicoa Ferrea do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
|
|10
|1931
|Henschel
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[New Zealand Railways Department|New Zealand Government Railways]]
|[[NZR G class (1928)|G]]
|3
|1928
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|[[Nigerian Railway Corporation|Nigerian Railways]]
|
|4
|1935
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Nigerian Railways
|
|2
|1936
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Nigerian Railways
|
|6
|1937
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Nigerian Railways
|
|4
|1939
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Nigerian Railways
|
|6
|1943
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GF
|37
|1927
|Hanomag
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GF
|18
|1928
|Henschel
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GF
|10
|1928
|Maffei
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|PLM, Algeria
|231-132.AT
|1
|1932
|Franco-Belge, France
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|C.F.Algeria
|231-132.BT
|12
|1936
|Franco-Belge, France
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|C.F.Algeria
|231-132.BT
|4
|1937
|Franco-Belge, France
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|C.F.Algeria
|231-132.BT
|6
|1939
|Franco-Belge, France
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|C.F.Algeria
|231-132.BT
|7
|1940
|Franco-Belge, France
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}
|{{sort|1676|{{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Central of Aragon, Spain
|
|6
|1931
|Euskalduna, Bilbao
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-4+4-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Sudan Railways
|250
|4
|1936
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-4+4-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Sudan Railways
|250
|6
|1937
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-4+4-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|15th
|4
|1940
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-4+4-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|15th
|10
|1947
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-4+4-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|15th
|20
|1948–49
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-4+4-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|15A
|15
|1949–50
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-4+4-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|15A
|15
|1950
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-6-4+4-6-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|15A
|10
|1952
|Franco-Belge, France
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-0+0-8-4}}
|{{sort|1676|{{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Bengal Nagpur Railway, India
|[[BNR class N|N]]
|16
|1929
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-0+0-8-4}}
|{{sort|1676|{{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Bengal Nagpur Railway, India
|[[BNR class NM|NM]]
|10
|1931
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|0760|{{Track gauge|2ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Sierra Leone Government
|
|14
|1955-56
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Kenya Uganda Railway
|EC
|4
|1926
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Kenya Uganda Railway
|EC1
|12
|1928
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Kenya Uganda Railway
|EC1
|8
|1928
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Antofagasta (Chili) & Bolivia Railway
|
|3
|1929
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|[[Cordoba Central Railway]], Argentina
|E11
|10
|1929
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Kenya Uganda Railway
|EC1
|2
|1930
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Tanganyika Railway
|GA
|3
|1931
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|War Department, Kenya Uganda Railway
|Heavy
|7
|1943
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|War Department, Burma
|Light
|20
|1945
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Kenya Uganda Railway
|EC6
|6
|1949
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Burma Railways
|GE
|4
|1949
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Angola: Luanda Railway (CFL)
|500
|6
|1949
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Antofagasta (Chili) & Bolivia Railway
|
|6
|1950
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|East African Railways
|[[EAR 60 class|60]]
|4
|1954
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|East African Railways
|[[EAR 59 class|59]]
|27
|1955
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|East African Railways
|60
|8
|1954
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|East African Railways
|59
|7
|1955
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|East African Railways
|60
|5
|1954
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|CF d'Afrique Occidentale Française
|93
|10
|1938
|Franco-Belge, France
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|CF d'Afrique Occidentale Française
|93
|10
|1939
|Franco-Belge, France
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|CF d'Afrique Occidentale Française
|93
|7
|1941
|Franco-Belge, France
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|East African Railways
|60
|12
|1954
|Franco-Belge, France
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Rede Ferrovaria do Noroeste, Brazil
|
|6
|1952
|Henschel
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Kenya Uganda Railway
|EC
|10
|1931
|NBL
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1050|{{Track gauge|1050 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|PLM, Algeria
|241-142.YAT
|4
|1931
|Franco-Belge, France
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[Queensland Rail]]ways
|[[Australian Standard Garratt|ASG]]
|5
|1944
|[[Clyde Engineering]]
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|[[Tasmanian Government Railways]]
|ASG
|2
|1945
|Clyde Engineering
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Queensland Railways
|ASG
|3
|1944
|Clyde Engineering
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Western Australian Government Railways
|ASG
|6
|1945
|Clyde Engineering
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Tasmanian Government Railways
|ASG
|3
|1945
|Clyde Engineering
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Western Australian Government Railways
|ASG
|3
|1945
|Clyde Engineering
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Queensland Government Railways
|ASG
|9
|1943-44
|[[Islington Railway Workshops]]
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Western Australian Government Railways
|ASG
|1
|1943-44
|Islington Railway Workshops
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Western Australian Government Railways
|ASG
|2
|1944 ca
|Islington Railway Workshops
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Western Australian Government Railways
|ASG
|5
|1943-44
|Midland Railway Workshops
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Western Australian Government Railways
|ASG
|5
|1944 ca
|Midland Railway Workshops
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Queensland Government Railways
|ASG
|5
|1943-44
|[[Newport Workshops]]
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Western Australian Government Railways
|ASG
|1
|1944
|Newport Workshops
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Western Australian Government Railways
|ASG
|2
|1945
|Newport Workshops
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Australian Portland Cement
|ASG
|1
|1945
|Newport Workshops
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Tasmanian Government Railways
|ASG
|3
|1944
|Newport Workshops
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Queensland Railways
|ASG
|1
|1944
|Newport Workshops
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Angola: Benguela Railway (CFB)
|10A
|6
|1927
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GL
|2
|1930
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|[[Emu Bay Railway]], Tasmania
|
|3
|1929
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Angola: Benguela Railway (CFB)
|10B
|14
|1930
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Nigerian Railways
|
|2
|1930
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GL
|6
|1930
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GM
|16
|1938
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GEA
|50
|1945-47
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Queensland Government Railways
|BG
|10
|1951
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Angola: Benguela Railway (CFB)
|10C
|10
|1951
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Angola: Benguela Railway (CFB)
|10C
|2
|1952
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GMA
|3
|1956
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Angola: Benguela Railway (CFB)
|10C
|6
|1952
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Angola: Benguela Railway (CFB)
|10D
|10
|1955-56
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GMA
|5
|1956
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|20
|15
|1954-55
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GMA
|15
|1956
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|20
|6
|1957
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Rhodesia Railways
|20A
|40
|1957-58
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GMA
|10
|1958
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|C.F.Moçambique
|951
|12
|1952
|Haine Saint-Pierre
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|C.F. du Bas Congo a Katanga
|900
|12
|1953
|Haine Saint-Pierre
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Queensland Government Railways
|BG
|20
|1951
|Franco-Belge, France
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|[[South Australian Railways]]
|[[South Australian Railways 400 class|400]]
|10
|1953
|Franco-Belge, France
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Angola: Moçamedes Railway (CFM)
|100
|6
|1953
|Henschel
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|C.F.Moçambique
|971
|5
|1956
|Henschel
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GMA
|25
|1952
|Henschel
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GO
|25
|1954
|Henschel
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GMA
|30
|1954
|Henschel
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Angola: Luanda Railway (CFL)
|550
|6
|1954
|Krupp
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GMA
|12
|1956
|NBL
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GMA
|10
|1958
|NBL
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1067|{{Track gauge|3ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|South African Railways
|GMA
|10
|1958
|NBL
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Iranian State Railway
|86
|4
|1936
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1524|{{Track gauge|5ft|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Soviet Railways
|? [Ya]
|1
|1932
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1676|{{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[Buenos Aires and Pacific Railway]], Argentina
|951
|1
|1931
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1676|{{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|[[Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway]], Argentina
|14
|12
|1928
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}
|{{sort|1676|{{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Buenos Aires and Pacific Railway, Argentina
|951
|3
|1930
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|[[4-8-2+2-8-4]]
|{{sort|1676|{{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1}}}}
|Bengal Nagpur Railway, India
|[[BNR class P|P]]
|4
|1939
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-4+4-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|Kenya Uganda Railway
|EC3
|6
|1939
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-4+4-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Kenya Uganda Railway
|EC3
|6
|1940
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-4+4-8-4}}
|{{sort|1000|{{Track gauge|1000 mm|disp=1}}}}
|Kenya Uganda Railway
|EC3
|18
|1949
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-4+4-8-4}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1|lk=on}}}}
|[[New South Wales Government Railways]]
|AD60
|25
|1952
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-4+4-8-4}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|New South Wales Government Railways
|AD60
|17
|1952
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|{{whyte|4-8-4+4-8-4}}
|{{sort|1435|{{Track gauge|4ft8.5in|disp=1}}}}
|New South Wales Government Railways
|AD60
|5
|1952
|Beyer, Peacock
|-
|}
{{clear}}

==Garratts around the world==
{{refsection|date=November 2020}}
Garratts were used in [[Africa]], [[Asia]], [[Australia]], [[Europe]], and [[South America]]. No Garratts were used on [[List of North American Railroads|North American railroads]], the most likely explanation being that American rail companies considered the Garratt's coal and water capacities insufficient for their requirements.<ref name="Durrant" />{{Page needed|date=November 2020}}

===Africa===
[[File:Class GMAM 4122 July 2004 (7863980914).jpg|thumb|South African Class GMAM Garratt]]

The Garratt was most widely used in [[Africa]]:<ref name="Durrant" />{{Page needed|date=November 2020}} large numbers were in South Africa, Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe) and Algeria, and smaller numbers in Angola, Congo, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Libya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sudan, Uganda and Zaïre.

====Algeria====
In Algeria, 29 {{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}} Garratts, constructed between 1936 and 1941 by the Société Franco-Belge de Matériel de Chemins de Fer at Raismes in Northern France, operated until the [[Algerian War|Algerian independence war]] caused their withdrawal in 1951. This class, designated 231-132BT,<sup>[[:fr:CFA 231+132 BT|[fr]]]</sup> was streamlined and featured Cossart motion gear, mechanical stokers and {{convert|1.8|m|ftin|abbr=on}} driving wheels, the largest of any Garratt class. On a test in France, one of these achieved a speed of {{convert|132|km/h|mph}}—a record for any Garratt class (and indeed any articulated class).<ref name=Glancey>{{Harvnb|Glancey|2012|page=271}}</ref>

====Angola====
All three main railways in Angola used Garratts. The largest user was the {{Track gauge|3ft6in|lk=on}} gauge [[Caminho de Ferro de Benguela]]. Forty-eight were purchased from Beyer, Peacock between 1926 and 1956. They came in four batches: class 10A (301–306); class 10B (311–324) in 1930; class 10C (331–348) in 1954; and class 10D (361–370).

The second-largest user was the [[Caminhos de Ferro de Luanda]], which bought six {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} locomotives (501–506) from Beyer, Peacock in 1949, and six more (551–556) from [[Krupp]] of Germany in 1954.

The third user was the [[Caminhos de Ferro de Moçâmedes]], who bought six {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} locomotives (101–106) from [[Henschel & Son]] of Germany.

====Botswana====
Garratts operated on {{TrackGauge|3ft6in}} gauge through trains from South Africa to Rhodesia.{{Citation needed|date=December 2014}}

====Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda ====
[[Kenya and Uganda Railways and Harbours]], which operated railways in [[Kenya Colony|British East Africa]] and the [[Uganda Protectorate]] from 1929 to 1948, acquired 77 Garratts between the same years. The [[History of rail transport in Tanzania#British mandate|Tanganyika Railway]] also acquired 3 in 1928. In 1948, the railways merged to form the [[East African Railways and Harbours Corporation]], commonly known in the railways context as East African Railways, shown by the letters "EAR" on rolling stock.

In addition to the 80 acquired Garratts, East African Railways operated 63 that it purchased new between 1954 and 1956, making a total of 143. More details are in the following table.
{|class="wikitable sortable floatleft mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" border= "1" style= "width:95%; font-size: 86%; margin-left:2em; margin-right:2em; margin-bottom:2em"
! scope="col" | Class !! scope="col" | Type !! scope="col" | Qty!! scope="col" | Loco nos !! | Built !! scope="col"| Formerly!! scope="col" | Notes
|-
|50||[[KUR EC1 class|EC1]]||18 ||5001–5020||1928||KUR 45–64||1
|-
|51||EC1||2 ||5101–5102||1930||KUR 65–66||
|-
|52||[[KUR EC2 class|EC2]]||10 ||5201–5210||?||KUR 67–76||2
|-
|53||GA||3 ||5301–5303||1928||TR 700–702||1
|-
|55||GB||11 ||5501–5511||1945||KUR 120–121<br />plus 9 from Burma||
|-
|[[EAR 56 class|56]]||EC6||6 ||5601–5606||1949||KUR 122–127||
|-
|[[EAR 57 class|57]]||EC3||12 ||5701–5712||1940||KUR 77–88||3
|-
|[[EAR 58 class|58]]||EC3||18 ||5801–5818||1949||KUR 89–106||3
|-
|[[EAR 59 class|59]]||Mountain||34||5901–5934||1955–1956||(new)||
|-
|[[EAR 60 class|60]]||Governor||29 ||6001–6029||1954||(new)||2
|-
| colspan="7"| '''Notes:'''<br />{{numbered list|KUR: Kenya Uganda Railways. TR: Tanganyika Railway.|All were built by Beyer, Peacock except for the 52 class, which was built by [[North British Locomotive Company]], [[Glasgow]].<br />Some of the 60 class were built by [[Société Franco-Belge]] in France, under contract from Beyer, Peacock.|All were of the {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} wheel arrangement, except the 57 and 58 classes, which were {{whyte|4-8-4+4-8-4}}.}}
|-
|}
{{clear}}

The East African Railways {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} [[EAR 59 class|59 class]] Garratts were the largest and most powerful steam locomotives to run on metre gauge, having a large {{convert|70|sqft|abbr=off|adj=on}} grate and a tractive effort of {{convert|83350|lbf|kN|2|abbr=off}}. The 34 oil-fired locomotives remained in regular service until 1980. {{As of|2020}}, the [[Nairobi Railway Museum]] held two of them.<ref name="Hollingsworth">{{Harvnb|Hollingsworth|Cook|1987}}</ref>

====Mozambique====
{{whyte|4-6-4+4-6-4}} and {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} Garratts operated in Mozambique, some built as late as 1956.{{Sfn|Ziel|Eagleson|1973}}

====Rhodesia / Zimbabwe and Zambia====
[[File:Beyer-Garratt locomotive (15th class, Zambia Railways ex Rhodesia Railways) no. 405 at Ndola, Zambia (Basil Roberts).jpg|thumb|Locomotive no. 405 (15th class, Zambia Railways, formerly 15th class [[Rhodesia Railways]]) at Ndola, Zambia, in 1968]]

Rhodesia imported 246 {{TrackGauge|3ft6in}} gauge Garratts of four different wheel arrangements: {{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}s of the 13th, 14th and 14A classes; {{whyte|4-6-4+4-6-4}}s of the [[Rhodesia Railways 15th class|15th class]], {{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}s of the 16th, 16A, and 18th classes; and {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}s of the [[Rhodesia Railways 20th class|20th and 20A classes]]. Many went to Zambia Railways in 1967 when Rhodesia Railways surrendered the lines in Zambia to its government. Zimbabwe's economic and political situation has extended the life of its Garratts. Five Garratts, including some from the [[Bulawayo Railway Museum|Zimbabwe National Railway Museum]], were returned to service in 2004–05 to haul commuter trains. {{As of|2011}} they were performing shunting duties around the city of Bulawayo.<ref>{{cite news|title=National Railways of Zimbabwe|publisher=International Railway Journal|date=May 1, 2004}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Mugabe forced back to steam age |url=http://www.timesonline.co.uk/tol/news/world/article573506.ece |date=October 1, 2005 |work=The Times}}{{dead link|date=September 2024|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref>

====Sierra Leone====
On the [[Sierra Leone Government Railway]], this {{TrackGauge|2ft6in}} gauge system had {{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}} Garratts starting in the 1920s and in the middle 1950s purchased 14 {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} Garratts.

====South Africa====
In 1921, the South African Railways held a comparative trial between three {{Track gauge|3ft6in|lk=on}} locomotives: a [[South African Class 14B 4-8-2|class 14B]] [[4-8-2]] tender engine; a [[South African Class MH 2-6-6-2|class MH Mallet]] [[2-6-6-2]], and a newly arrived [[South African Class GA 2-6-0+0-6-2|class GA Garratt]] [[2-6-0+0-6-2]] – the first Garratt of that gauge to enter service in South Africa. The trial was conducted on the line between [[Durban]] and [[Ladysmith, KwaZulu-Natal|Ladysmith]], which had gradients as steep as 1 in 30 and curves as tight as {{convert|4.5|chain|m|abbr=off}} in radius. The Garratt proved the superior locomotive in all regards.<ref>{{Harvnb|Paxton|Bourne|1985|pages=88–89}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theheritageportal.co.za/article/big-fiery-giant-story-beyer-garratt-locomotive|title=big-fiery-giant-story-beyer-garratt-locomotive|publisher=theheritageportal.co.za|accessdate=2 March 2022}}</ref>

The most powerful of all Garratts irrespective of gauge were the [[Spoornet|South African Railway]]s' eight {{TrackGauge|3ft6in}} gauge [[South African Railways GL class Garratt|GL class]] locomotives of 1929–30, which delivered {{convert|89130|lbf|kN|2|abbr=on}} of [[tractive effort]]. They were all out of service by the late 1960s.<ref name="South African Government">{{Cite book| publisher=African Government| title=South Africa – Last Stronghold of Steam| location=Johannesburg| year=1978| isbn=0-949934-24-0}}</ref> There was also a proposal for a ''quadruplex'' super Garratt locomotive with a 2-6-6-2+2-6-6-2 wheel arrangement for [[South African Railways]], but this was never built.<ref name="Paxton-Bourne">{{Harvnb|Paxton|Bourne|1985|pages=8–9}}</ref>
[[File:Class NG G16 no. NG128.jpg|thumb|right|Beyer, Peacock-built no. NG128, c. 1951]]
On the two foot gauge lines in South Africa, several successive classes of Garratts were made, of which the [[South African Class NG G16 2-6-2+2-6-2|NG G16]] became the most powerful steam locomotive ever built for the gauge. Some of these were imported to Wales for the [[Welsh Highland Railway]].

====Sudan====
Sudan operated at least one {{whyte|4-6-4+4-6-4}} Garratt.{{Sfn|Ziel|Eagleson|1973|page=150}}

===Asia===

====Myanmar (Burma)====
Burma had 43 [[metre gauge]] Garratts. Five B class {{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}} Garratts went to the [[History of rail transport in Myanmar#The Burma Railway Company|Burma Railway Company]] between 1924 and 1927, with seven more built by [[Krupp]] of Germany in 1929.<ref name="Hughes2-48">{{Harvnb|Hughes|1992|p=48}}</ref> They were followed by 31 locomotives transferred from India for War Department service: ten {{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}} locomotives, class GB (ex-Indian class MWGL); twelve {{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}} locomotives of class GC (ex-Indian class MWGH); and nine {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} locomotives of class GD (ex-Indian class MWGX).<ref name="Hughes4-11">{{Harvnb|Hughes|1996|p=11}}</ref><ref name="Hughes4-8485">{{Harvnb|Hughes|1996|pp=84–85}}</ref><ref name="BP-list">{{cite web |url=http://www.beyerpeacock.co.uk/loco%20list/Garrattcustomer.PDF |title=Beyer Peacock Locomotive Order List, Garratt Locomotives, Customer List V1 |date=2002-04-08 |website=BeyerPeacock.co.uk |access-date=9 June 2011 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110527060740/http://www.beyerpeacock.co.uk/loco%20list/Garrattcustomer.PDF |archive-date=2011-05-27 |url-status=dead}}</ref> A class of four {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} locomotives, the GE class, was built for [[History of rail transport in Myanmar#The Burma Railway Company|Burma Railways]] in 1949,<ref name="BP-list" /> but was diverted to the Assam Railway in India.<ref name="Hughes4-57">{{Harvnb|Hughes|1996|p=57}}</ref>

Two 0-6-0+0-6-0 2&nbsp;ft 6in gauge Beyer-Garratts were supplied to the Buthidaung-Maungdaw Tramway which became the Arakan Light Railway. BP works Nos. 5702 & 5703 of 1913 refer.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Hughes|first=H.C. |title=Garratts in Arakan |magazine=Railway Magazine |volume=112 |date=November 1966 |pages=624–625 |issue=787 }}</ref>

====Ceylon (now Sri Lanka)====
Ceylon had 10 Garratts: an H1 class {{Track gauge|2ft6in|lk=on}} {{whyte|2-4-0+0-4-2}} in 1924, a C1 class {{Track gauge|5ft6in|lk=on}} {{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}} in 1927 and eight more C1 class {{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1}} gauge {{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}s in 1945.<ref name="BP-list" /><ref name="Hughes4-92">{{Harvnb|Hughes|1996|p=92}}</ref>

====India====
[[File:Beyer Garratt 6594.jpg|thumb|right|Bengal Nagpur Railway 815, Class N (BP 6594 of 1930), at the [[National Rail Museum, New Delhi]]]]

India had 83 Garratts. One {{Track gauge|5ft6in}} gauge {{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}} was built for the Indian State in 1925.<ref name=BP-list/> The {{Track gauge|5ft6in|disp=1}} gauge [[Bengal Nagpur Railway]] had 32 Garratts: a pair of [[BNR class HSG|HSG class]] {{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}} locomotives built in 1925; 16 [[BNR class N|N class]] and 10 [[BNR class NM|NM class]] {{whyte|4-8-0+0-8-4}} locomotives built in 1930–31 and four [[BNR class P|P class]] {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} locomotives built in 1939.<ref name="BP-list" /><ref name="Hughes4-33">{{Harvnb|Hughes|1996|p=33}}</ref>

The metre gauge Assam-Bengal Railway had six T class {{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}} locomotives built in 1927. They later became the GT class on the [[Bengal Assam Railway]]. Three types of Garratt were supplied for war service on the BAR: ten MWGL class {{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}} locomotives; twelve MWGH {{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}} locomotives; and 18 MWGX class {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} [[War Department (United Kingdom)|War Department]] standard light Garratts. Of these, only nine MWGX stayed in India, with the remainder transferred to Burma.<ref name="Hughes4-11" /><ref name="BP-list" /> After the war, the four Burma Railways GE class {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}s were diverted to the Assam Railway.{{Citation needed|date=December 2014}}

====Iran====
The [[Trans-Iranian Railway#Locomotives|Trans-Iranian Railway]] had four {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} Garratts (class 86) built in 1936.<ref name="BP-list" />

====Mauritius====
[[Rail transport in Mauritius|Mauritius]] had three standard gauge {{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}} Garratts that were built in 1927.<ref name="BP-list" />

====Nepal====
The [[Nepal Government Railway]] (NGR) had {{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}} Garratt locomotives manufactured by Beyer, Peacock and Company in 1932 and 1947.<ref name="Garratt Builders B" />

====Siam (Thailand)====
[[File:SRT 451 (457 B W).jpg|thumb|Preserved Garratt no.457 at [[Kanchanaburi railway station]], [[Thailand]]]]
The [[State Railway of Thailand|Royal State Railway of Siam]] acquired 8 Garratts built by the German company [[Henschel]] during 1929–1937 for heavy freight duties in the [[Pak Chong]] highland areas. One has been preserved; it is displayed at [[Kanchanaburi railway station]].

====Turkey====
[[History of rail transport in Turkey#Republican Period (1920-1950)|Turkish State Railways]] had just one standard gauge {{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}} Garratt that was built in 1927.<ref name="BP-list" />

===<span class="anchor" id="Australia"></span>Australasia===
<!-- Australasia is the geogrpahic grouping of Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea and nearby islands -->

The [[Australian Standard Garratt]] (ASG) was designed in Australia as an emergency measure during [[World War II]], when demand on {{Track gauge|1067mm|lk=on|comma=off}}  narrow-gauge railways could not be met by the available stock of locomotives. The ASG was used on the railways of [[Queensland Government Railways|Queensland]], [[Western Australian Government Railways|Western Australia]] and [[Tasmanian Government Railways|Tasmania]] and, after the war, on the [[South Australian Railways]], the [[Emu Bay Railway]] in Tasmania and the [[Fyansford Cement Works Railway|Fyansford Cement Works railway]] in Victoria.<ref>{{Citation | author1=Whiting, Alan | title=Engine of destruction: The Australian Standard Garratt scandal | date=1988 | publisher=A. Whiting | isbn=978-0-7316-1466-0 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|title=Australia's Garratt |first=Robert |last=Butrims |date=1975 |location=Melbourne |publisher=Geelong Steam Preservation Society |isbn=978-0-9598322-0-4 }}</ref>{{Page needed|date=July 2024}} 

The first was built in a record-breaking four months, entering service in September 1943.<ref name=Gunzburg>{{cite book|last=Gunzburg|first=Adrian|title=A History of WAGR Steam Locomotives|date=1984|publisher=Australian Railway Historical Society|location=Perth|isbn=0-9599690-3-9|pages=121–124}}</ref><ref name=Oberg>{{cite book|last=Oberg|first=Leon|title=Locomotives of Australia 1850s-2010|year=2010|publisher=Rosenberg Publishing|location=Dural|isbn=9781921719011|pages=225–227}}</ref> Considerable differences between the states, especially in [[loading gauge]]s, sharpness of curves and limits to axle load, compromised the design, as did the inclusion of features that led to unreliability. A [[royal commission]] convened in 1946 to investigate the locomotives, whose deficiencies had caused enginemen to go on strike, concluded: "It is obvious when one analyses the evidence that the new Australian Standard Garratt has put up a poor performance. At times these locomotives have done good work but they cannot compare with the old Beyer Garratts, which have such an enduring record of service."<ref>{{cite report |title= Report of the Royal Commission appointed to inquire into Australian Standard Garratt Locomotive |last= Wolff |first= Albert Asher |url= http://www.parliament.wa.gov.au/intranet/libpages.nsf/WebFiles/Report%2Bof%2Bthe%2BRoyal%2BCommission%2Bappointed%2Bto%2Binquire%2Binto%2BAustralian%2BStandard%2BGarratt%2BLocomotive/%24FILE/Garratt%2BLocomotive.pdf |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110315192720/http://www.parliament.wa.gov.au/intranet/libpages.nsf/WebFiles/Report%2Bof%2Bthe%2BRoyal%2BCommission%2Bappointed%2Bto%2Binquire%2Binto%2BAustralian%2BStandard%2BGarratt%2BLocomotive/%24FILE/Garratt%2BLocomotive.pdf |url-status= dead |archive-date= 2011-03-15 |publisher=Parliament of Western Australia |location=Perth |date= 29 August 1946 |page=51 |accessdate=29 April 2020}}</ref>{{refn|group=note|Of the many defects as delivered, those considered to be poor design at the
concept stage, and which could not be blamed on a shortage of resources or lack of time, included problems with bogie frames and control springs,
flexing of the plate frames, the side-emptying ashpan, low firedoor, unbalanced regulator, inadequate side-wearing surfaces of the driving
axleboxes, absence of slings to the
firebox stays in the breaking zones and
the absence of a self-cleaning smokebox.<ref name=knowles/>}} Many were withdrawn in September 1945, weeks after the war ended. Those sold to the South Australian Railways in 1952 (as a stopgap) served for only 18 months, but others lasted longer: on the Queensland Government Railways for two years, at Fyansford and Emu Bay for 11 years, on the Tasmanian Government Railways (including some ex-QR engines) for 13 years, and on the Western Australian Government Railways for 14 years, during which periods many of the defects were rectified or components replaced.<ref name=knowles>{{cite journal |last1=Knowles |first1=J.W. |date=March 1995 |title=The Australian Standard Garratt on the Emu Bay Railway |journal=[[Australian Railway History|Australian Railway Historical Society Bulletin]] |publisher=[[Australian Railway Historical Society]], New South Wales Division |volume=46 |issue=689 |issn=0005-0105 |pages=59, 61}}</ref>

====New South Wales====
[[File:AD6029 crossing the viaduct in North Wagga.jpg|thumb|right|Preserved former New South Wales Government Railways AD60 class no. 6029, ''City of Canberra'']]
[[New South Wales Government Railways]] introduced the {{whyte|4-8-4+4-8-4}} [[New South Wales AD60 class locomotive|AD60]] Garratt in 1952, built by Beyer, Peacock. The AD60 weighed 265 tonnes, with a 16-tonne axle loading. As delivered, it developed a [[tractive effort]] of {{convert|60000|lbf|kN|abbr=on}}), not as powerful as the South African Railways GMA/M {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} Garratts of 1954, which developed a tractive effort of {{convert|60700|lbf|kN|abbr=on}}.<ref name="South African Government"/> Following modifications in 1958 to thirty AD60s, their tractive effort was increased to {{convert|63016|lbf|kN|abbr=on}}. These locomotives remained in service until the early 1970s with a replacement "6042" using the boiler cradle of 6043 (The original was scrapped in 1968) the last withdrawn in February 1973.{{Sfn|Oberg|1975|p=200}} Oberg wrote he witnessed an AD60 clear a dead 1220-tonne double-headed diesel freight (total weight 1450 tonnes) from a 1 in 55 grade without wheel slip.{{Sfn|Oberg|1975|p=191}} Four AD60's survive today: 6029 (which operates occasionally out of Thirlmere), 6039 (under private ownership at Dorrigo Museum), 6040 (on static display at THNSW, Thirlmere), & 6042 (also owned by the Dorrigo museum but sitting in the middle of a field in Forbes, NSW).

====Queensland====
[[Queensland Rail]]ways operated 30 [[Queensland Beyer-Garratt class|Beyer Garratt]] locomotives. These were mainly based in the [[Rockhampton]] area.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Knowles |first1=John |date=January 1998 |title=Those QR Beyer, Garratts which gave very little trouble: an alternative view |journal=[[Australian Railway History|Australian Railway Historical Society Bulletin]] |publisher=[[Australian Railway Historical Society]], New South Wales Division |volume=49 |issue=723 |pages=13–20 |issn=0005-0105 }}</ref>

====South Australia====
[[File:Drawing of South Australian Railways 400 class Beyer-Garratt articulated locomotive (Peter Manning).png|thumb|400px| The South Australian Railways 400 class]]
One of [[South Australian Railways 400 class|ten Garratts]] delivered in 1953 to the [[South Australian Railways]] – number 409 – is on static display at the [[National Railway Museum, Port Adelaide]], [[South Australia]]. The locomotives were ordered in 1951 from [[Beyer, Peacock & Company]], when there was a need for more and bigger motive power to haul the heavy ore trains on the {{track gauge|1067 mm|lk=on}} narrow-gauge line between Broken Hill and Port Pirie. The company subsequently subcontracted the order, with main specifications identical to those of the notable [[EAR 60 class|60th class of the East African Railways]], to [[Société Franco-Belge]], its European associate based in [[Raismes]].<ref name=nrm409>{{cite web |url= http://nrm.org.au/collections/31-search-our-collections/69-locomotive-409 |title= Locomotive 4049 |author= <!--Not stated--> |date= 2020 |website= National Railway Museum |publisher= [[National Railway Museum, Port Adelaide]] |access-date= 24 December 2020 |archive-date= 3 December 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201203073625/http://nrm.org.au/collections/31-search-our-collections/69-locomotive-409 |url-status= dead }}</ref>

By 1955, the [[South Australian Railways 400 class|400 class]] had taken over most of the working of the Broken Hill line. They operated as oil-burners, with provision for a mechanical stoker to be installed if converted to burn coal. They were also designed to be easily converted for service on either the broad or standard gauge. They were superseded by diesel power in 1963.<ref name=nrm409/>

====Tasmania====
Following the success of the [[Tasmanian Government Railways K class|K class]] Garratts on the [[North East Dundas Tramway]], the [[Tasmanian Government Railways]] imported Beyer, Peacock Garratts for their main lines, in particular the {{whyte|4-4-2+2-4-4}} [[Tasmanian Government Railways M class (1912)|M class]] for express passenger work. These were the only eight-cylinder Garratts.{{Sfn|Cooper|Goss|1996}}{{Page needed|date=November 2020}} The M1 achieved a world speed record of {{convert|55|mph|km/h}} on 30 November 1912. Their 5-foot (1.5 m) diameter driving wheels were at the time the largest on any narrow-gauge locomotive in Australia.{{Sfn|Cooper|Goss|1996|p=19}} Their eight cylinders proved a nightmare to maintain, and after several fatal and disastrous derailments in the late 1920s, mainly due to inadequate trackwork, they were withdrawn and scrapped.

====Victoria====
[[Victorian Railways]] operated two Beyer Garratts, used on the [[Crowes railway line|Crowes]] and [[Walhalla railway line|Walhalla]] [[narrow-gauge railway]] lines. The two engines were classified as [[Victorian Railways G class|G class]], numbered G41 and G42; the latter engine has been restored. It is currently in use at the [[Puffing Billy Railway]] near Melbourne. It was not used in public service on that line prior to the preservation era. [[Fyansford Cement Works Railway|Fyansford Cement Works]] operated a 3'6" gauge line, with an [[Australian Standard Garratt|ASG]] (G33) and 2 Garratts (No.1 and No.2) similar in design to the [[WAGR M class|WAGR Ms class]], although these 2 were not designated any class of their own. No.1 was scrapped but No.2 and G33 are preserved at the [[Bellarine Railway]], with G33 currently undergoing restoration work.{{cn|date=August 2023}}

====New Zealand====
[[File:NZR g class garratt.jpg|thumb|right|A NZR G class Garratt locomotive]]

Beyer, Peacock built three {{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}} [[NZR G class (1928)|NZR G class]] locomotives in 1928, which were too powerful for the system and had complicated valve mechanisms. Unusually, these engines had three cylinders ({{cvt|24|×|16.5|in|disp=or}}) each, on two sets of engine frames, thus creating a six-cylinder Garratt; they were the second and final Garratts to employ this arrangement, the other being the one-off [[LNER Class U1|LNER U1]]. They entered service in 1929. [[Walschaerts valve gear]] operated the outside cylinders with the inner third cylinder linked by a [[Gresley conjugated valve gear]]. Photos verify the coal bunker was carried on an extension to the boiler frame rather than on the rear engine frame, as with most Garratts. The engines delivered {{convert|51580|lbf|kN|2|abbr=on}} of tractive effort, which was too powerful for the drawbars on the rolling stock. After a few years they were rebuilt as six Pacifics, also unsuccessful, but which saw nearly twenty years of service.{{Sfn|Stewart|1970|pages=98–104}}

Though no NZR Garratts survived, three preserved imported African Garratts are in New Zealand: Rhodesia Railways class 15A No.&nbsp;398 of the Flying 15 Trust, Pakakarakiki, class 14A No.&nbsp;509 of Mainline Steam Trust Plimmerton (under restoration), and South African Railways GMAM class No.&nbsp;4083 at [[Mercer, New Zealand|Mercer]] Auckland with the Mainline Steam Trust awaiting restoration. When it first arrived in NZ in the 1990s, it was steamed and ran in their former Parnell Depot yard. See preservation below.

===Europe===
Garratts were mainly employed in Great Britain, Russia, and Spain, where some five railway companies employed seven classes. These included the 1931 order for [[Central of Aragon Railway]] for six {{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}} "Double Pacific" Garratts for fast passenger service. In addition a Dutch and a Belgian [[tram]]way also operated one or more engines based on and built to the Garratt design.

====Netherlands====
In 1931, the Dutch ''[[Limburg (Netherlands)|Limburgsche]] Tramweg Maatschappij'' (LTM) 'Limburg tramway company' ordered a single [[standard gauge]] Garratt, numbered [[LTM 51]], from [[Henschel]] (Germany) with builder's number 22063. This design was slightly different in that the coal bunker was located on the boiler frame and both machines only holding the watertanks. More importantly, it was the only Garratt with inside cylinders. The wheel arrangement was C+C ({{whyte|0-6-0+0-6-0}}). Due to abandonment of the line in 1938, the locomotive was sold to a metal merchant, who in turn sold it to an engineers' bureau, that sold it in 1941 to Germany. Further whereabouts of this machine are unknown, but it is presumed scrapped.

====Spain====
Spain had a varied collection of Garratts from most builders; Beyer, Peacock themselves only building a pair of {{Track gauge|3ft6in}} {{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}s for Rio Tinto in 1929. The first Garratts in Spain, however, were four metre gauge {{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}}s built for the Ferrocarriles Catalanes in 1922 by [[Sociéte Anonyme St. Leonard]] of Liége, Belgium. Four more followed in 1925. Also on the metre gauge, the [[Ferrocarril de la Robla]] bought two pairs of {{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}s, the first from [[Hanomag]] of Germany in 1929, the second from [[Babcock & Wilcox]] of Bilbao in 1931. The [[Compania Minera de Sierra Minera]] also bought a pair of metre-gauge {{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}s in 1930.

On the broad gauge, the Central of Aragon Railway bought six {{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}s from Babcock & Wilcox and six {{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}s from [[Euskalduna]] of Bilbao, both in 1931. The last Garratts supplied to Spain were 10 {{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}}s for [[Renfe]] by Babcock & Wilcox in 1960.

====United Kingdom====
[[File:WHR Garratt 143.jpg|thumb|South African Railways {{Track gauge|2ft}} gauge [[South African Class NG G16 2-6-2+2-6-2|NG G16 class]] Garratt on the [[Welsh Highland Railway]]]]
[[File:WHR NG138 Dinas.JPG|thumb|WHR NG138 at [[Dinas railway station|Dinas]], 2003]]
British usage of Garratts was minimal. A single large Garratt ({{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}}, [[London and North Eastern Railway]] [[LNER Class U1|Class U1]] number 2395/9999/69999) was built in 1925 for banking heavy coal trains on the [[Woodhead Tunnel|Woodhead]] route; 33 {{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}} [[LMS Garratt|Garratts]] were built for the [[London, Midland and Scottish Railway]] between 1927 and 1930, although their undersized axle-boxes made them unreliable and they were withdrawn in the mid-1950s. They were also trialled unsuccessfully on the Lickey Incline between Bromsgrove and Birmingham.

Four standard-gauge Garratt locomotives were supplied by Beyer, Peacock for industrial service in the UK. One survived and is preserved at [[Bressingham Steam Museum]]. No. 6841 {{whyte|0-4-0+0-4-0|T}} ''William Francis'' was built in 1937 for use at Baddesley Colliery.<ref>[https://preservedbritishsteamlocomotives.com/beyer-peacock-company-works-no-6841-william-francis-0-4-00-4-0t/ Preserved British Steam Locomotives]</ref>

On the [[Welsh Highland Railway]], a {{Track gauge|1ft11.5in|lk=on}} [[narrow-gauge]] tourist line in [[Wales]], a few imported South African [[NGG16]] Garratts haul the greater part of service trains on the railway.

====USSR====
[[File:Ya-01.jpg|thumb|right|Soviet Ya.01 class 4-8-2+2-8-4 Garratt]]
Beyer, Peacock constructed the largest steam locomotive built in Europe, a {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} for the USSR, works order number 1176, in 1932. The locomotive had the Russian classification Ya.01 (Я.01). This massive machine was built to the Russian standard {{Track gauge|5ft|lk=on}} gauge and a loading gauge height of {{convert|17|ft|m}}. It underwent extensive testing and proved to be very able to operate in extremely low temperatures, due to adequate protection of the external plumbing between boiler and engine units. This may have been the lowest temperature operation of a Garratt type. The locomotive was used for a number of years for coal traffic in the [[Donets Basin|Donbass region]], but was never replicated. This decision appears to be a combination of unfamiliar maintenance processes and politics.{{Sfn|Bell|1935}}{{Sfn|Le Fleming|Price|1960}}{{Sfn|Rakov|1995}}

===North America===
No Garratts appeared in North America, although the [[American Locomotive Company]] became the sole licensee to build Garratts there. Alco was unable to garner sufficient interest from US railroads to produce even a prototype or demonstrator.  This reluctance was reportedly based on a concern that [[tractive effort]] and [[factor of adhesion]] would suffer as the weight of water and fuel over the driving wheels diminished.<ref name="Trains_1955"/>

====United States====
In 1975, one {{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}} Garratt NG class No. 50 formerly of the [[South African Railways]] was imported and is used on the private {{TrackGauge|24in}} gauge Hempstead & Northern Railroad in [[Hempstead, Texas]], which also operate another former South African Railways {{whyte|2-8-2}} "Mikado" type No. 18.{{citation needed|date=January 2019}}

===South America===

====Argentina====
The British-owned {{Track gauge|5ft6in|lk=on}} gauge [[Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway]] operated twelve Garratt {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} oil-fired locomotives, numbers 4851–4862, built by Beyer, Peacock in 1929. They were used on the Bahía Blanca North Western section, particularly on the [[Toay]] line), on the main Bahía Blanca North Western line to [[General Pico]], and between [[Tres Arroyos]] and [[Bahía Blanca]]. They were withdrawn in the 1950s due to the rapid decline in freight traffic caused by the increasing competition from road transport.{{Sfn|Purdom|1977}}

Other British-owned railway companies in Argentina operated Garratt locomotives built by Beyer, Peacock:
* [[Argentine North Eastern Railway]] ({{Track gauge|ussg|lk=on}} gauge): seven {{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}} locomotives built 1925–1927 and three {{whyte|4-4-2+2-4-4}}, built 1930
* [[Ferrocarril Trasandino Los Andes - Mendoza|Argentine Transandine]] ({{Track gauge|1000mm}} gauge): four {{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}}, built 1930
* [[Buenos Aires and Pacific Railway]] ({{Track gauge|5ft6in}} gauge): four {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}, built 1929–1930
* [[Buenos Aires Midland Railway]] ({{Track gauge|1000mm}} gauge): two {{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}, 1930
* [[Cordoba Central Railway]] ({{Track gauge|1000mm|disp=1}} gauge) : ten {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}}, built 1929
* [[Entre Rios Railway]] ({{Track gauge|ussg|lk=on}} gauge): five {{whyte|2-6-0+0-6-2}} and five {{whyte|4-4-2+2-4-4}}, built 1927

The [[Southern Fuegian Railway]] at [[Ushuaia]] uses two {{Track gauge|500mm}} gauge Garratts to haul tourist trains.

====Bolivia====
Three meter gauge {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} were delivered to the Antofagasta and Bolivia Railway in 1929, followed by six more in 1950.{{Sfn|Turner|Ellis|1992}}

====Brazil====
In Brazil after 1927, the [[São Paulo Railway]] operated broad-gauge {{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4]}} Garratts that ran passenger trains at 70&nbsp;mph.<ref>{{Harvnb|Hollingsworth|Cook|1987|pp=144–145}}</ref>

====Colombia====
In Colombia, one {{TrackGauge|914mm}} gauge {{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}} Garratt was purchased by the FC Pacifico in 1924 and two more by the La Dorada in 1937.<ref>Gustavo Arias de Grieff, La Mula de Hierro, 1986</ref>

====Peru====
Four {{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}} standard gauge Garratts were delivered to the Central Railway of Peru from 1929 to 1931. (Donald Binns, The Central Railway of Peru and The Cerro de Pasco Railway, 1996)

==War locomotives==
During [[World War II]], several Garratt designs were built to meet the wartime needs of narrow-gauge railways in Africa, Asia, and Australia.<ref name="Durrant" />{{Page needed|date=November 2020}}

Six {{whyte|2-6-2+2-6-2}} Garratts were built for the {{Track gauge|2ft6in|lk=on}} gauge [[Sierra Leone Government Railway]] in 1942, to a design first supplied to that railway in 1926. Five of the older Garratts were converted to a {{whyte|2-8-0+0-8-2}} wheel arrangement to increase their [[tractive effort]].{{Citation needed|date=December 2014}}

Seventy Garratts were constructed by Beyer, Peacock for the [[War Department (UK)|War Department]], to three standard designs.  A {{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}} based on the South African Railways [[SAR GE class|GE class]] was constructed on {{Track gauge|3ft6in|lk=on}} gauge for West Africa and [[Rhodesia]], while a heavier class of {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} was constructed for [[East African Railways]]. A lighter metre-gauge {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} was constructed for India, Burma, and East Africa. This design was particularly successful, and was the basis for several postwar classes.<ref name="Durrant" />{{Page needed|date=November 2020}}

The [[Australian Standard Garratt]] <!-- (ASG) --> was designed in 1942, for use on {{Track gauge|42 in}} gauge railways, in the critical period of [[World War II]] following the Japanese [[bombing of Darwin]] in 1942, and aerial attacks on other northern Australian centres.<ref name="Butlin, S.J.">{{cite book|last=Butlin|first=S.J.|title=Australia in the War of 1939–1945: Vol 111, War Economy 1939–1942|publisher=Australian War Memorial|location=Canberra|year=1961}}</ref> It was a {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} locomotive, designed in Australia and constructed by a number of Australian railway workshops. Several design problems with the class emerged, and use of the locomotive encountered resistance from the drivers' union, especially in Queensland.<ref>{{cite web |title=Australian Standard Garratt |url=http://www.qrig.org/motive-power/locomotives/steam/australian-standard-garratt |publisher=qrig.org |access-date=2019-12-20}}</ref> Most were withdrawn at the end of the war,<ref name="Durrant" />{{Page needed|date=November 2020}} although a number continued to operate successfully in Tasmania.<ref>{{cite web |title=G 33: Last of the Australian Standard Garratts |url=http://www.australiansteam.com/ASG.htm |website=Australian Steam |access-date=2019-12-20}}</ref>

==Preservation==
[[File:Preserved South African Railways class GL Beyer-Garratt locomotive no 2352 at Museum of Science and Industry, Manchester, November 2010.jpg|thumb|Preserved South African Railways class GL Beyer-Garratt locomotive no 2352 at the Museum of Science and Industry, Manchester, 2010]]

About 250 Garratts may exist today. However, many are dumped in varying states of disrepair in remoter parts of the world, and the number that may be likely to survive has been estimated as fewer than 100.<ref name= dickinson/> {{As of|2019}}, about 15 operating Garratt locomotives can be found in Europe, Africa, Argentina, the US and Australia.<ref name="Garratt Survivors">{{Garratt Survivors}}</ref>

The first Garratt locomotive, the [[Tasmanian Government Railways K class|K class]] of the [[North East Dundas Tramway]], has been preserved. After the line closed in 1929 the locomotives were put up for sale. K1 was purchased by Beyer, Peacock in 1947 for their museum. The preserved locomotive has parts from both original engines.  When Beyer, Peacock ceased trading, the locomotive was sold to the [[Ffestiniog Railway]], who initially proposed to cut it down to meet their loading gauge. For a number of years it was on loan to the [[National Railway Museum]] and was exhibited in [[York]]. In 1995 it was removed from York to commence restoration in [[Birmingham]]. It was returned to [[Wales]] in 2000 where restoration was continued at the Ffestiniog Railway workshops at [[Boston Lodge]]. It was fitted with a new boiler and restored to full running order on the [[Welsh Highland Railway]] by September 2008. The Welsh Highland Railway owns several former South African [[SAR NGG 16 Class]] Garratts, and operates both the first (K1) and last (NG/G16 143) Garratts constructed by Beyer, Peacock.<ref>Belbin & McKillop. pp.6–7</ref>{{Citation needed|date=December 2017}}. The K1 ten year boiler ticket expired in 2014. Even though the locomotive had worked infrequently, a full boiler overhaul was required to meet UK regulations. The FR/WHR declined to fund this activity, citing lack of revenue generating opportunities for the locomotive and the need to maintain their core fleet of NG/G16 locomotives. Finally, in 2019 it was decided to move the locomotive to the Statfold Barn Railway in Central England on a ten year loan with two boiler overhauls in the agreement. The first boiler overhaul was quickly completed along with other work at a cost of 60,000 GBP and the locomotive seen in steam at Statfold in February 2020.

In Spain, a {{whyte|2-8-2+2-8-2}} number 282F-0421, nicknamed "Garrafeta",  occasionally ran in the [[Lleida]] area but no longer. An enormous {{whyte|4-6-2+2-6-4}}, number 462F-0401, is under slow cosmetic restoration. Both locomotives are managed by ARMF, a non-profit organisation which also holds the only main line repair workshop for historical railway vehicles on broad gauge network.<ref>{{Cite web| url=http://www.armf.net/ca/rest_fitxa.php?codi=20| title=ARMF - Restauració - Fitxa Tècnica -Locomotora Vapor CdeA 101 (Garratt grande / Garratt Pacífic)| trans-title=ARMF - Restoration - Technical Specification - Vapor Locomotive CdeA 101 (Garratt grande / Garratt Pacífico)}}</ref>

A single [[Hanomag]]-built narrow gauge example exists in the USA located in Hempstead [[Texas]]. It has been made operational again since November 2015.

Several Australian Garratts have been restored to operating condition. [[Victorian Railways G class|G 42]], formerly used on the [[narrow gauge lines of the Victorian Railways]], works regularly on the [[Puffing Billy Railway]] in the [[Dandenong Ranges]] outside [[Melbourne]]. The Puffing Billy Railway is also rebuilding ex SAR NG/G16 129 which entered service in late 2019. The [[Queensland Rail]]ways removed 1009, its sole remaining {{Track gauge|3ft6in|lk=on}} gauge {{whyte|4-8-2+2-8-4}} Garratt, from an open-air museum and fully restored it to working order. It was out of service by December 2007, awaiting a new boiler. NSWGR AD60 [[6029]] was restored to operating condition in [[Canberra]]. As of 2018, 6029 is privately owned and is stored at Thirlmere, NSW. It is occasionally used by the [[NSW Rail Museum]] on mainline excursions. 3'6" Garratts No.2 and [[Australian Standard Garratt|G33]] from [[Fyansford Cement Works Railway|Fyansford Cement Works]] are both preserved with the [[Bellarine Railway]], with G33 undergoing restoration work and No.2 in storage.{{cn|date=August 2023}}

In [[Kenya]], East African Railways [[EAR 59 class|59 class]] 5918 was maintained in operating condition from 2001 to 2011. Likewise in [[Zimbabwe]] [[ZR 20th class|20th class]] 730 and 740 were held in operating condition until 2004. They have not run since 2004 when 730 was briefly used on Bulawayo commuter services. None are likely to operate again without external funding for major repairs as the only work available for them are excursion trains for foreign tourists and rail enthusiasts.

No [[New Zealand Railways Department|New Zealand Railways]] [[NZR G class (1928)|G class]] Garratts survived, but three more modern Southern African Garratts have been imported for restoration in New Zealand, with No.509's boiler certified and restoration nearing completion as of 2018.

*Beyer Peacock No.7340 of 1950 [[Rhodesia Railways]] class 15A No.398 The [[Flying Fifteen Group]], [[Steam Incorporated]] [[Paekakariki]] (stored).
*Beyer Peacock No.7582 of 1953 [[Rhodesia Railways]] class 14A No.509. [[Mainline Steam Heritage Trust]], [[Plimmerton]]  (under restoration).
*Beyer Peacock No. 7681 of 1956 [[South African Railways]] GMAM class No.4083 [[Mainline Steam Heritage Trust]], [[Mercer, New Zealand|Mercer]] (stored).

In December 2007, Zimbabwe class 14A Garratt number 509, overhauled in Bulawayo was offloaded in New Zealand for operational preservation by the Mainline Steam trust.<ref>[[Railways Africa]] 2008/1 p 34</ref>{{Citation needed|date=December 2017}} In early 2011 Zimbabwe 15th class 398 was also delivered to New Zealand for restoration to operating condition by Steam Inc.

As of December 2020 there is only one place in the world where one can with reasonable confidence view a Garratt in daily operating service. Ushuaia, Argentina whilst Dinas in North Wales offers the sight of daily operation for about 10 months of the year.{{Citation needed|date=December 2020}}

In September 2018, [[South Eastern Railway zone|South Eastern Zone]] of [[Indian Railways]] made a successful trial run of a Beyer-Garratt numbered 811 from [[Kharagpur]]. A heritage service is planned and scheduled to start from the upcoming festival season.<ref>{{cite news |title=90-year-old steam loco chugs out on trial run |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kolkata/90-year-old-steam-loco-chugs-out-on-trial-run/articleshow/65918321.cms |access-date=23 September 2018 |publisher=Times of India |date=23 September 2018}}</ref>

== In fiction ==
In the movie ''Big World! Big Adventures!'' of the television program, [[Thomas & Friends]], an [[EAR 59 class]] Garratt, named ''Kwaku'', was introduced.

== See also ==
*[[2 ft gauge railways in South Africa]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|group=note}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Sources==
{{refbegin}}
* {{Cite book |title=The golden age of steam locomotive building |last=Atkins |first=P. |year=1999 |publisher=Atlantic |isbn=978-0906899878}}
* {{Cite book| last=Bell|first=A. Morton | title=Locomotives : their construction, maintenance and operation, with notes on electric, internal combustion and other forms of motive power | date=1935 | publisher=Virtue & Company Limited | url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10139204}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Cooper|first1=Greg|last2=Goss|first2=Grant| title=Tasmanian railways 125 years, 1871-1996 : a pictorial history| url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/21903346| date=1996| publisher=CG Publishing Co| isbn=978-0-646-27633-5}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Durrant|first1=A E|title=The Garratt Locomotive|series=David & Charles Locomotive Studies|date=1969|publisher=David & Charles|location=Newton Abbott, Devon, UK|oclc=729984551}}
* {{Durrant-Garratt-Rev}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Le Fleming|first1=H. M.|last2=Price|first2=John Horace| title=Russian steam locomotives| date=1960| publisher=J. Marshbank| url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/12359746}}
* {{Cite book| last=Glancey| first=Jonathan| title=Giants of Steam: the Great Men and Machines of Rail's Golden Age| publisher=Atlantic Books| year=2012| isbn=978-184354769-3}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Hollingsworth |first1=Brian |last2=Cook |first2=Arthur |year=1987 |title=The Great Book of Trains |publisher=Lifetime Distributors |isbn=0-86101-919-9 }}
* {{Hughes-IndianLocos2}}
* {{Hughes-IndianLocos3}}
* {{Hughes-IndianLocos4}}
* {{Cite book| last=Oberg|first=Leon| title=Locomotives of Australia| url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/8417717| date=1975| publisher=A.H. and A.W. Reed| isbn=978-0-589-07173-8}}
* {{Paxton-Bourne}}
* {{Cite book| last=Purdom|first=Douglas Stewart| title=British steam on the pampas : the locomotives of the Buenos Aires Great Southern Railway| url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/10349196| date=1977| publisher=Mechanical Engineering Publications| isbn=978-0-85298-353-9}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Rakov|first1=V. A. (Vitaliĭ Aleksandrovich)|title=Lokomotivy otechestvennykh zheleznykh dorog 1845-1955 |trans-title=Locomotives of Domestic Railways|date=1995 |edition=2nd| isbn=978-5-277-00821-8}}
* {{Cite book| last=Stewart|first=W. W.| title=When steam was king | date=1970 | publisher=Reed | url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/18198506| isbn=978-0-589-00382-1 |oclc=117501}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Turner|first1=J. M.| last2=Ellis|first2=R. F.| title=The Antofagasta (Chili) & Bolivia Railway : the story of the FCAB and its locomotives| url=https://trove.nla.gov.au/work/25267192| date=1992| publisher=Locomotives International| isbn=978-0-907941-36-1}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Ziel| first1=Ron| last2=Eagleson| first2=Mike| title=The twilight of world steam| url=https://archive.org/details/twilightofworlds00ziel| date=1973| publisher=Madison Square Press| isbn=978-0-448-02432-5| url-access=registration}}

{{refend}}

==Further reading==
* {{Cite book| last1=Álvarez Fernández|first1=Manuel|title=Locomotoras 1: Las "Garrat" en España|trans-title=Locomotives 1: The "Garratt" in Spain|date=1988|publisher=MAF Editor|location=Barcelona|isbn=8486758017|language=es}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Badawey|first1=Emile D|last2=Sargent|first2=John|title=Victorian Railways Narrow Gauge "G" Class: "Garratts in the Otways": a photographic profile, 1954-1962|date=1998|publisher=Train Hobby Publications|location=Studfield, Vic, Australia|oclc=40620204}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Badawey|first1=Emile D|last2=Sargent|first2=John|title=Victorian Railways Narrow Gauge "G" Class: "Garratts in the Otways" Part Two: a photographic profile, 1958-1962|date=1999|publisher=Train Hobby Publications|location=Studfield, Vic, Australia}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Badawey|first1=Emile D|last2=Sargent|first2=John|title=Victorian Railways Narrow Gauge "G" Class: "Garratts in the Otways" Part Three: a photographic profile, 1954-1968|date=2001|publisher=Train Hobby Publications|location=Studfield, Vic, Australia|isbn=1876249412}}
* {{Cite book| last=Ballantyne |first=Hugh |title=South African Two-foot Gauge: featuring the Garratts |series=Narrow Gauge Branch Lines series |date=2009 |publisher=Middleton Press |location=Midhurst, West Sussex, UK |oclc=1302238541 |isbn=9781906008512}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Butrims |first1=Robert |title=Australia's Garratt |date=1975 |publisher=Geelong Steam Preservation Society in conjunction with Australian Railway Historical Society, Victorian Division |location=Belmont, Vic, Australia |isbn=0-9598322-0-3 |oclc=27609705}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Cénac |first1=Christian |title="K1": 1ère Garratt en Tasmanie |date=1996 |publisher=C. Cénac |location=[[Toulouse, France]] (23 rue des Martyrs-de-la-Libération, 31400) |oclc=463952759 |isbn=2950540333 |language=fr}}
* {{Cite book |last=Coelho |first=Eduardo José de Jesus |title=Locomotivas articuladas : as gigantes da era do vapor no Brasil |trans-title=Brazilian articulated steam locomotives |date=2003 |publisher=Memória do Trem |isbn=85-86094-05-6 |location=Brasil |oclc=69734717 |language=pt }}
* {{Cite book| last1=Essery |first1=R.J. |last2=Toms |first2=G. |title=LMS & LNER Garratts |date=1991 |publisher=Wild Swan Publications |location=Didcot, Oxfordshire, UK |isbn=0906867932 |oclc=24736250 }}
* {{Cite book| last1=Groves |first1=Ken |last2=Wright |first2=Harry |last3=Morahan |first3=Mick |title=The 60 Class |date=1994 |publisher=New South Wales Rail Transport Museum |location=Burwood, NSW, Australia |oclc=38350993 |isbn=0-909862-33-8 }}
* {{Cite book| last1=Hills |first1=R.L. |authorlink=Richard L. Hills |last2=Patrick |first2=D. |title=Beyer, Peacock: locomotive builders to the world |date=1982 |publisher=Transport Publishing Company |location=Glossop, Derbyshire, UK |isbn=0-903839-41-5 |oclc=11101957}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Hills |first1=R.L. |title=Beyer Peacock Locomotive Order List |date=1997 |publisher=British Overseas Railways Historical Trust |location=London |isbn=1-901613-00-3 |oclc=39340313}}
* {{Cite book| last=Hills |first=Richard L |title=The Origins of the Garratt Locomotive |date=2000 |publisher=Plateway Press |location=East Harling, Norfolk, UK |isbn=1-871980-43-7 |oclc=59503515}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Hocking |first1=Graham |last2=Peach |first2=Ron |last3=Thompson |first3=John |title=G42, Puffing Billy's Big Brother: pictorial history of a Beyer-Garratt in Victoria, Australia |date=1981 |publisher=Puffing Billy Preservation Society |location=Melbourne |isbn=0-9598392-7-5 |oclc=220001737}}
* {{cite book|first=E.J. |last=McClare |title=The NZR Garratt Story |date=1978 |location=Wellington |publisher=[[New Zealand Railway & Locomotive Society]] |isbn=0-908573-05-7 |oclc=6661687}}
* {{Cite book|last=Manning |first=Peter | title=The Anatomy of a Garratt: A detailed look at the design and construction of K1. The original Garratt locomotive built for the Tasmanian Government Railways - A century ago |date=2009 |publisher=Peter Manning Design & Drafting |location=Coromandel Valley, SA, Australia |isbn=978-0-9806212-0-4 |oclc=319401439}}
* {{Cite book| last=Manning |first=Peter | title=The Anatomy of the Darjeeling Garratt and the Engine it tried to Replace: the DHR Class "B" saddle tank |date=2013 |publisher=Peter Manning Design & Drafting|location=Coromandel Valley, SA, Australia|isbn=978-0-9806212-2-8 |oclc=861578188}}
* {{Cite book |last=Overbosch |first=S. |title=De stoomlocomotieven der Nederlandse tramwegen |trans-title=The steam locomotives of the Dutch tramways |language=nl |date=1985 |publisher=De Bataafsche Leeuw |isbn=90-6707-051-3 |location=Amsterdam |oclc=63967124}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Payling|first1=David | title=Garratts and Kalaharis of the Welsh Highland Railway |date=2012 |publisher=Ffestiniog & Welsh Highland Railway |location=Porthmadog, Wales |isbn=978-0-901848-10-9 |oclc=871303225}}
* {{Ramaer-Gari la Moshi}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Rowe |first1=D Trevor|last2=Álvarez Fernández |first2=Manuel | title=Locomotoras Garratt De España Y Del Mundo| trans-title=Garratt Locomotives of Spain and the World |date=2000 |publisher=MAF Editor| location=Barcelona|isbn=84-86758-26-2 |oclc=949684327| language=es}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Sixsmith |first1=Ian |title=The Book of the LM Garratts: A British Railways Illustrated Special |series=Book of series |date=2007 |publisher=Irwell Press |location=Clophill, Bedfordshire, UK |isbn=978-1-903266-83-0 |oclc=656151483}}
* {{Cite book| last1=West|first1=A.M.| title=Crimson Giants: the articulated steam locomotives of Queensland Rail |date=1995 |publisher=Australian Railway Historical Society, Queensland Division| location=Brisbane |isbn=0-909937-30-3 |oclc=38394171}}
* {{Cite book| last1=Whiting|first1=Alan|title=Engine of destruction: the Australian Standard Garratt scandal |date=1988 |publisher=A. Whiting |location=Indooroopilly, Qld, Australia |isbn=0-7316-1466-6 |oclc=27528980}}
* {{cite magazine |last=Nock |first=O.S. |title=Locomotive Practice and Performance: Beyer-Garratt Locomotives |magazine=[[The Railway Magazine]]|date=December 1966 |pages=693–697 |volume=112 |issue=788 }}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Garratt locomotives}}
* {{Cite web| url=http://www.garrattmaker.com/karamoja.html| title=Karamoja Garratt Locomotive| website=garrattmaker| access-date=28 December 2017| archive-date=15 October 2018| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181015073059/http://www.garrattmaker.com/karamoja.html| url-status=dead}}
* {{Cite web| url=https://steamindex.com/people/garratt.htm| title=Herbert William Garratt |website=Steam Index}}
* {{Cite web| url=http://www.oldcambrians.com/Train4.html| title=Old Cambrian Society: To School Behind a Garratt - School Trains and the Locomotive That Hauled Them}}

[[Category:Garratt locomotives| ]]
[[Category:Steam locomotive types]]
[[Category:Articulated locomotives]]