View source for Genryaku

{{Short description|Period of Japanese history (1184–1185 CE)}}
{{History of Japan |image=Shoso-in.jpg |caption=[[Shōsōin]]}}

{{nihongo|'''''Genryaku'''''|元暦}} was a {{nihongo|[[Japanese era name]]|年号|''nengō''|lit. "year name"}} after ''[[Juei]]'' and before ''[[Bunji (Japanese era)|Bunji]].''  This period spanned the years from April 1184 through August 1185.<ref>Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2005). "''Genryaku''" in {{Google books|p2QnPijAEmEC|''Japan Encyclopedia'', p. 239|page=239}}; n.b., Louis-Frédéric is pseudonym of Louis-Frédéric Nussbaum, ''see'' [http://dispatch.opac.ddb.de/DB=4.1/PPN?PPN=128842709 Deutsche Nationalbibliothek Authority File]{{dead link|date=July 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.</ref> The reigning emperors were {{nihongo|[[Emperor Antoku|Antoku]]''-tennō''|安徳天皇}} and {{nihongo|[[Emperor Go-Toba|Go-Toba]]''-tennō''|後鳥羽天皇}}.<ref>Titsingh, Isaac. (1834). ''Annales des empereurs du Japon'', pp. 207-221; Brown, Delmer ''et al.'' (1979). ''Gukanshō'', pp. 334-339; Varley, H. Paul. (1980). ''Jinnō Shōtōki.'' pp. 215-220.</ref>

==Change of era==
* '''1184''' {{nihongo|''Genryaku gannen''|元暦元年}}: The new era name was created to mark an event or a number of events. The previous era ended and a new one commenced in ''Juei'' 3, on the 16th day of the 4th month of 1184.<ref>Brown, p. 337.</ref>

==Events of the ''Genryaku'' era==
* '''1185''' (''Genryaku 2, 24th day of the 3rd month''): the [[Taira]] (also known as the Heike) and the [[Minamoto]] clashed in the [[Battle of Dan-no-ura]]; and the Heike were utterly defeated.<ref name="k787">Kitagawa, Hiroshi ''et al.'' (1975). ''The Tale of the Heike'', p. 787.</ref>
* '''1185''' (''Genryaku 2, 9th day of the 7th month''): Great earthquake caused turmoil in the capital and in the neighboring provinces.<ref name="k787"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

;Sources
* Brown, Delmer M. and Ichirō Ishida, eds. (1979). [https://books.google.com/books?id=w4f5FrmIJKIC&q=Gukansho  ''Gukanshō: The Future and the Past.''] Berkeley: University of California Press. {{ISBN|978-0-520-03460-0}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/251325323  OCLC 251325323]
* Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric and Käthe Roth. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=p2QnPijAEmEC  ''Japan encyclopedia.''] Cambridge: [[Harvard University Press]]. {{ISBN|978-0-674-01753-5}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/58053128?referer=di&ht=edition  OCLC 58053128]
* [[Isaac Titsingh|Titsingh, Isaac.]] (1834). ''[[Nihon Odai Ichiran]]''; ou, [https://books.google.com/books?id=18oNAAAAIAAJ&q=nipon+o+dai+itsi+ran  ''Annales des empereurs du Japon.'']  Paris: Royal Asiatic Society, Oriental Translation Fund of Great Britain and Ireland. [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/5850691 OCLC 5850691]
* [[H. Paul Varley|Varley, H. Paul]]. (1980). ''A Chronicle of Gods and Sovereigns: Jinnō Shōtōki of Kitabatake Chikafusa.'' New York: [[Columbia University Press]]. {{ISBN|9780231049405}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/6042764  OCLC 6042764]

==External links==
* National Diet Library, "The Japanese Calendar" [http://www.ndl.go.jp/koyomi/e/ -- historical overview plus illustrative images from library's collection]

{{s-start}}
{{succession box
|before=[[Juei]]
|title=[[Japanese era name|Era or ''nengō'']]<br>Genryaku
|years=1184–1185
|after=[[Bunji (era)|Bunji]]
}}
{{s-end}}

{{Japanese era name}}

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{{DEFAULTSORT:Genryaku}}
[[Category:Japanese eras]]
[[Category:1184 in Asia]]
[[Category:1185 in Asia]]
[[Category:1180s in Japan]]
[[Category:12th-century neologisms]]

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