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{{short description|American politician and anti-war activist (1892–1971)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=February 2016}}
{{Infobox officeholder
|name=Gerald Nye
|image=NYE, G.P. LCCN2016862330 Trim.jpg
|caption = Portrait by [[Harris & Ewing]] {{circa}} 1925
|office=[[United States Senator]]<br />from [[North Dakota]]
|term_start=November 14, 1925
|term_end=January 3, 1945
|predecessor=[[Edwin F. Ladd]]
|successor=[[John Moses (American politician)|John Moses]]
|birth_name=Gerald Prentice Nye
|birth_date={{birth date|1892|12|19}}
|birth_place=[[Hortonville, Wisconsin]], U.S.
|death_date={{death date and age|1971|7|17|1892|12|19}}
|death_place=[[Brentwood, Maryland]], U.S.
|party=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]]
|otherparty=[[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]] (until 1924)
}}

'''Gerald Prentice Nye''' (December 19, 1892 – July 17, 1971) was an American politician who represented [[North Dakota]] in the [[United States Senate]] from 1925 to 1945. Nye rose to national fame in the 1930s as chair of the [[Special Committee on Investigation of the Munitions Industry]], which studied the causes of United States' involvement in [[World War I]] and became known as the Nye Committee. Prior to the [[attack on Pearl Harbor]], he was a prominent opponent of United States involvement in [[World War II]].

==Early life==
Gerald Nye (whose first name was pronounced with a hard ''G'') was born in [[Hortonville, Wisconsin]],<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bioguideretro.congress.gov/Home/MemberDetails?memIndex=n000176 |title=Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress - Retro Member details |website=bioguideretro.congress.gov |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201007000248/https://bioguideretro.congress.gov/Home/MemberDetails?memIndex=N000176 |archive-date=2020-10-07}}</ref> the son of Phoebe Ella (née Prentice) and Irwin Raymond Nye.<ref name="biography.yourdictionary.com">{{Cite web|url=https://biography.yourdictionary.com/gerald-nye|title = Gerald Nye}}</ref> Both of his grandfathers had served in the [[American Civil War|Civil War]]: Freeman James Nye in the [[43rd Wisconsin Volunteer Infantry Regiment]] and George Washington Prentice in the [[3rd Wisconsin Volunteer Cavalry Regiment]].

He was the first of four children. In his first year, he and his parents moved to [[Wittenberg, Wisconsin]], where his father became owner and editor of a small newspaper. Three more children were born there: Clair Irwin, Donald Oscar, and Marjorie Ella. Nye's father was a staunch supporter of Progressive [[Robert M. La Follette, Sr.|Robert M. La Follette]], and Nye personally remembered his father's taking him to hear Senator La Follette speak and then meet the Senator afterwards. (Years later, Gerald Nye and [[Robert M. La Follette Jr.]] would serve in the U.S. Senate together.) His uncle, [[Wallace G. Nye]], was Mayor of [[Minneapolis, Minnesota]] when Gerald was in his teens. {{Citation needed|date=March 2011}}

His mother, Ella, had been diagnosed with [[tuberculosis]]. Family history indicates that she may have been asthmatic. She made trips to the South for recuperation, but on October 19, 1906, she died. He was thirteen; his brothers, ten and eight; and his baby sister, six. He was comforted by the presence of his four grandparents at the funeral. Nye graduated from Wittenberg High School in 1911, at age 18, and moved back to his grandparents' town of [[Hortonville, Wisconsin]]. {{Citation needed|date=March 2011}}

==Newspaper years==
Gerald and his brother Clair had grown up helping around their father's newspaper business and learned the trade. Gerald took the editing end and Clair operated the presses. In 1911, after graduation, Nye became editor of ''The Hortonville Review''. Three years later, he was the editor of the ''Creston Daily Plain Dealer'' in Iowa. In May 1916, he bought a weekly paper in [[Fryburg, North Dakota]], ''The Fryburg Pioneer''.

==Political years==
[[File:Senator Nye receiving his seat, 1-13-26 LCCN2016841638.jpg|thumb|left|Nye symbolically "receives his seat" as Senator, 1925]]
Nye was a supporter of the agrarian reform movement. His editorials lambasted big government and big business. He took the side of the struggling farmers. In 1924, Nye unsuccessfully sought election as a Democrat to the [[United States House of Representatives|U.S. House]].<ref>{{Cite report|title=Statistics of the congressional and presidential election of November 4, 1924|page=15|publisher=Government Printing Office|location=Washington, D.C.|year=1925|quote=NORTH DAKOTA... For Representatives... Second district: Gerald P. Nye (Dem.) 27,996}}</ref> When U.S. Senator [[Edwin F. Ladd]] died on June 22, 1925,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://bioguideretro.congress.gov/Home/MemberDetails?memIndex=l000012 |title=Biographical Directory of the U.S. Congress - Retro Member details |website=bioguideretro.congress.gov |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200202114901/https://bioguideretro.congress.gov/Home/MemberDetails?memIndex=L000012 |archive-date=2020-02-02}}</ref> he and others gathered in the office of North Dakota Governor [[Arthur G. Sorlie]].<ref name="biography.yourdictionary.com"/> The appointment caused controversy as it was unclear that the North Dakota Legislature had given authority to the Governor to make the Senate appointment, a point made by conservative Republicans who were worried about weakening their caucus with the more progressive Nye.<ref name="biography.yourdictionary.com"/>

Nye and his young family moved to Washington in December 1925, but because of the above controversy he was not seated in the Senate until January 1926.<ref name="biography.yourdictionary.com"/> Nye's youth and lack of sophistication were the talk of the town. He had a bowl haircut that was ridiculed. Nevertheless, he became a very active, popular and outspoken Senator, and North Dakotans elected him to three full terms in 1926, 1932, and 1938, before losing to popular Democrat governor [[John Moses (American politician)|John Moses]] in 1944.

[[File:Against involvement of U.S. in sino-Japanese conflict. Washington, D.C., Nov. 23. Senator Gerald P. Nye, Republican of North Dakota and Senator Henry Cabot Lodge, (right) Republican of LCCN2016872638.jpg|thumb|Nye (left) and Senator [[Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.]] of Massachusetts confer with each other in their call for President Roosevelt to invoke the [[Neutrality Acts of the 1930s|Neutrality Act]] to keep the U.S. out of the [[Second Sino-Japanese War|Sino-Japanese conflict]] (1937).]]

His isolationism drew the attention of [[Dr. Seuss]] who featured him in a political cartoon with [[Gerald L. K. Smith]] and Democratic Senator [[Robert Rice Reynolds]].The cartoon portrays Smith riding a horse composed of Nye as the rear end of the horse and Reynolds as the front. Smith is holding a sword labeled defeatism.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb2458178z|title=God made me a rabble-rouser!|date=April 26, 1942}}</ref> Additional, Seuss cartoons showed Nye riding a dying creature labeled as isolationism, entitled The End of the Trail.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://library.ucsd.edu/dc/object/bb9727867r|title=The End of the Trail|date=October 21, 1941}}</ref>
 
He served on the Foreign Relations Committee, the Appropriations Committee, the Defense Committee and the Public Lands Committee. As Chairman of Public Lands, he dealt with the [[Teapot Dome]] investigations and the formation of [[Grand Teton National Park]]. He was instrumental in passing legislation to protect public access to the sea coasts. He initially supported Democratic President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] and his [[New Deal]], but their relationship soured before the decade closed: for instance, Nye was one of four Senators who voted against the Supreme Court nomination of [[William O. Douglas]]. He supported the political positions of [[Robert M. La Follette, Jr.|Robert M. La Follette]], and legislation for agricultural price supports.

===Nye Committee===
{{main|Nye Committee}}
Nye created headlines by drawing connections between the wartime profits of the banking and munitions industries to America's involvement in the World War. This investigation of these "merchants of death" helped to bolster sentiments favoring neutrality, non-interventionism, disarmament, and taking the profits out of weapons procurement.<ref name=Senate />

When the hearings were finished and a final report made, the committee members were almost unanimous in their view that the evidence failed to support the merchants of death theory.<ref name="cooling-molander" />{{rp|184}} However, Nye did uncover rampant conflicts of interest and questionable practices among members of the War Industries Board.<ref name="koistinen" />{{rp|11}} [[Harry S. Truman | President Truman]] later called the Nye Committee “…pure demagoguery in the guise of a Congressional Investigating Committee.”<ref name="cooling-molander" />{{rp|184}}

Nye failed at his ultimate goal of nationalizing the arms industry. However, the uproar gave momentum to the [[United States non-interventionism|non-interventionist movement]] and resulted in a series of isolationist [[Neutrality Acts of the 1930s | Neutrality Acts]] that prohibited private loans and sales of war materials whenever a state of war existed anywhere on the globe.<ref name="Senate">{{cite web |date=4 September 1934 |title=Merchants of Death |url=https://www.senate.gov/about/powers-procedures/investigations/merchants-of-death.htm |access-date=26 July 2025}}</ref><ref>John Edward Wiltz, "The Nye Committee Revisited." ''The Historian'' 23.2 (1961): 211–233.</ref> These laws are now generally regarded as having aided the rise of [[Nazi Germany]] and were repealed in 1941.<ref name="cooling-trotter" />{{rp|103}}<ref name="cooling-molander" />{{rp|184}}

===Antiwar movement===
Nye was instrumental in the development and adoption of the [[Neutrality Acts of 1930s|Neutrality Acts]] that were passed between 1935 and 1937. To mobilize antiwar sentiments, he helped establish the [[America First Committee]]. According to Nye, American involvement in the "war for democracy" could be explained in terms of a conspiracy of arms manufacturers, politicians and international bankers. In common with many conservative isolationists, Nye subscribed to an antisemitic belief in a Jewish conspiracy pushing the US into war. At a [[Senate Investigation into Motion Picture War Propaganda|1941 Senate subcommittee hearing investigating "war-mongering" Hollywood films]], Nye stated that those "responsible for the propaganda pictures are born abroad".<ref>Jennifer Frost. "Dissent and Consent in the 'Good War': Hedda Hopper, Hollywood Gossip, and World War II Isolationism". Film History: An International Journal 22.2 (2010): p. 172</ref> He accused Hollywood of attempting to "drug the reason of the American people", and "rouse war fever"; he was particularly hostile to [[Warner Brothers]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://libraryautomation.com/nymas/americafirst.html#_edn80 |title=America First: the Anti-War Movement, Charles Lindbergh and the Second World War, 1940–41 |access-date=May 2, 2008 |archive-date=March 2, 2007 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070302065250/http://libraryautomation.com/nymas/americafirst.html#_edn80 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

{{blockquote|text=Getting into this war is not inevitable for America. It is fair to say that our staying out of the war is inevitable ... Getting into this return engagement of war to Europe is only as inevitable as we, the people of America, will permit it to be. Staying out of this war is inevitable if only the people will continue and multiply their forceful demands upon the Government at Washington to keep its promise to the people to keep our country out of this mess which seems destined to wreck every civilization that lends its hand to it. It would be well at the same time if the people would politely suggest that the same Government at Washington cease its almost daily issuance of engraved invitations to all the rest of the world for trouble and war ... Those millions who have conquered the defeatist complex have brought about magnificent changes, changes in spite of newspapers, fireside chats, cabinet speeches, and a virtual blitzkrieg of propaganda to drive us to war ... in spite of what we see and hear each day, the chance of staying out has been multiplied to a degree that causes many of us to feel that it is better than a 50-50 chance.|author=Radio address on June 26, 1941|source=<ref>[https://archive.org/details/congressionalrec87dunit US Congressional Record Senate 1941 Appendix page A3075], "Radio address by Hon. Gerald P. Nye of North Dakota", June 26, 1941</ref>}}

Despite Nye's antiwar positions, he supported the [[Republican faction (Spanish Civil War)|Republican faction in Spain]] and sought to repeal the embargo against selling arms to either side of the [[Spanish Civil War]]. He believed that the embargo aided the [[Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War)|Nationalists]].{{sfn|Tierney|2004|p=299; 308}}{{sfn|Seidman|2017|p=38; 41}} Nye criticized Marcelino Garcia Rubiera and Manuel Diaz Riestra for illegally shipping supplies to the Nationalists.{{sfn|Blower|2014|p=111}}

After the German sinking of [[SS Robin Moor|SS ''Robin Moor'']] by German submarine U-69 in May 1941, Nye said he would be "very much surprised if a German submarine had done it because it would be to their disadvantage" to torpedo the ship.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=https://www.newyorker.com/culture/culture-desk/lost-at-sea-on-brink-second-world-war|title=Lost at Sea on the Brink of the Second World War|last=Schaffer|first=Amanda|magazine=[[The New Yorker]]|access-date=7 June 2016}}</ref>{{Better source needed|reason=could not independently verify the Nye quote|date=June 2016}}

The day of the Japanese [[Attack on Pearl Harbor|bombing of Pearl Harbor]] on December 7, 1941, Nye attended an [[America First Committee|America First]] meeting in Pittsburgh. Before his speech a reporter for the ''[[Pittsburgh Post-Gazette]]'' told him about the attack, but Nye was skeptical and did not mention the news to the audience. The reporter passed him a note during the speech stating that Japan had declared war; Nye read it but continued speaking. He only announced the attack at the end of his one-hour speech, stating that he had received "the worst news that I have encountered in the last 20 years".<ref name="ppg19411208">{{cite news |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?id=lJRRAAAAIBAJ&pg=1539%2C6070938|title=Nye Slow Giving News To Firsters|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|date=December 8, 1941|access-date=December 8, 2011|pages=13}}</ref><ref name="ppg20011202">{{cite news |url=http://www.post-gazette.com/lifestyle/20011202americafirst1202fnp2.asp|title=A decision that lives in infamy|work=Pittsburgh Post-Gazette|date=December 2, 2001|access-date=December 8, 2011|author=Pitz, Marylynne}}</ref> However, the next day Nye joined the rest of the Senate in voting for a unanimous declaration of war.<ref>''Current Biography 1941'', pgs. 619-21</ref>

In April 1943 a confidential report by [[Isaiah Berlin]] about the [[Senate Foreign Relations Committee]] for the British [[Foreign Office]] stated that Nye:
:is a notorious fire-eating Anglophobe Isolationist. His principal claim to fame rests on his committee which investigated the American armament industry a few years before the war, and much popular anti-British feeling stems from publicity which was accorded to that committee. He is a member of the Farm ''Bloc'', and possesses some influence in the Republican senatorial caucus. He has Fascist connexions, and works closely with [[Burton K. Wheeler|Wheeler]] and [[Robert Rice Reynolds|Reynolds]] inside and outside the Senate. His ''bête noire'' is [Wendell] [[Wendell Willkie|Willkie]], whom he hates even more than the British Empire; indeed, he recently went to the length of defending the latter against the criticisms of the former, since he evidently regards any stick as good enough to beat Willkie with.<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://berlin.wolf.ox.ac.uk/published_works/singles/bib139a/bib139a.pdf|title=American Profiles on Capitol Hill: A Confidential Study for the British Foreign Office in 1943|author=Hachey, Thomas E.|journal=Wisconsin Magazine of History|date=Winter 1973–1974|volume=57|issue=2|pages=141–153|jstor=4634869|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131021185357/http://berlin.wolf.ox.ac.uk/published_works/singles/bib139a/bib139a.pdf|archive-date=October 21, 2013}} The scholar who edited and analyzed Berlin's report commented, "what is wholly unwarranted is Berlin's accusation that Nye had fascist connections. Nye's isolationism derived from an instinctive agrarian neutrality rather than from any ideological persuasion or anti-British bias."</ref>

==Post-Senate years in Washington==
In November 1944, Nye was defeated in his re-election attempt by Governor [[John Moses (American politician)|John Moses]], a [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democrat]]. Nye chose to remain in the Washington area. He and his wife had purchased {{convert|3|acre|m2}} of pasture land in [[Chevy Chase, Maryland|Chevy Chase]], part of a farm on a hill above [[Rock Creek Park]]. Their two sons had been born in 1943 and 1944. 
  
Nye organized and became president of Records Engineering, Inc., in [[Washington, D.C.]] The pre-computer age firm created, organized, and managed records of industrial and government clients. In 1960 he was appointed to the [[Federal Housing Administration]] as Assistant to the Commissioner and in charge of housing for the elderly. In 1963, he accepted an appointment to the professional staff of the U.S. Senate Committee on Aging. 1966 saw his grand retirement party at the U.S. Capitol. It was attended by senators [[Robert F. Kennedy]] and [[Ted Kennedy]] and hosted by Senator [[Everett Dirksen]], who presented Nye with a typewriter and desk lamp and orders to begin his memoirs. Nye became a consultant to churches and private groups desiring government funds for the building of retirement housing.

According to the State Historical Society of North Dakota, U.S. Senator Gerald Nye helped [[Herman Stern]], a North Dakota German Jewish emigrant businessman, and his wife Adeline, bring more than 140 Jewish refugees to the United States in the 1930s and 1940s.<ref>{{cite AV media|url=https://www.history.nd.gov/hp/images/marker001.jpg|title=Herman Stern, N.D. business, community and social leader, Holocaust rescuer}}</ref> Despite claiming to have "Jewish friends", the [[Jewish Telegraph Agency]] accused Nye in September 1941 of making "anti-Jewish insinuations," "anti-Jewish accusations," repeated the New York Post's accusation that he made a "crudely anti-Semitic radio broadcast" and noted his Senate investigations were accused of having "anti-Semitic motives."<ref name=nyeandjews /> He received criticism from Jews who worked at the New York Daily News, and former Republican presidential candidate Wendell Willkie would criticize both Nye and fellow pro-America First U.S. Senator [[Burton Wheeler]]'s attacks on Jews involved with the American motion picture industry.<ref name=nyeandjews /> It was noted that Nye had recently claimed that the American movie industry was run by "foreign-born Jews" and that the wrath of Americans trying to "find the scapegoat responsible for it all" might lead to "future trouble."<ref name=nyeandjews>{{cite news|url=https://www.jta.org/1941/09/11/archive/new-york-press-condemns-nyes-anti-jewish-insinuations|title=New York Press Condemns Nye's Anti-jewish Insinuations|publisher=Jewish Telegraph Agency|date=September 11, 1941|access-date=October 20, 2020}}</ref> While a large number of Jewish people were involved with Hollywood, Nye ignored the fact that the Hollywood film industry was not self-financed and had to rely on loans from American banks not run by Jews, such as "[[Chase National Bank]], [[Atlas Corp.]], and the [[Rockefeller family|Rockefellers]].”<ref name=nyeandjews />

==Personal life==
Nye was a [[Freemasonry|Freemason]] and attended Grace Lutheran Church in Washington, D.C.

On August 16, 1916, he married Anna Margaret Johnson in Iowa where she lived with her maternal grandparents and had taken their name, Munch. In 1919, they moved to [[Cooperstown, North Dakota]], where Gerald was the editor and publisher of the ''Sentinel Courier''. Anna and Gerald had three children: Marjorie (born 1917), Robert (born 1921), and James (born 1923). His eldest three children grew up on Grosvenor Street in Washington, D.C., and attended high school there. Every summer, Gerald would take the children to [[Yellowstone National Park]] where Marjorie and a young [[Gerald Ford]] were teenage friends.

In March 1940, Nye divorced his first wife, and on December 14, 1940, he remarried, to an Iowa schoolteacher, A. Marguerite Johnson. They had three children, all born in Washington, D.C. – Gerald Jr. (born 1943), Richard (born 1944), and Marguerite (born 1950).

==Death==
A lifelong smoker, Nye had arterial disease; the arteries in his legs were surgically replaced with plastic arteries, then state-of-the-art. Close to the end of his life, a blood clot went to his lung. While Nye was recovering from that experience, but still weak, a doctor mistakenly prescribed a drug containing penicillin, to which Nye was known to be allergic. As a result, he died on July 17, 1971, at the age of 78.{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}}

==References==
<references>
<ref name="cooling-molander">
{{cite book |last=Molander |first=Earl |date=1977 |editor-last=Cooling |editor-first=Benjamin |title=War, Business, and American Society |publisher=Kennikat Press |pages=171-187 |chapter=Chapter 12: Historical Antecedents of Military-Industrial Criticism |isbn=0-8046-9156-8}}
</ref>
<ref name="koistinen">
{{cite book |last=Koistinen |first=Paul |date=1980 |title=The Military-Industrial Complex: A Historical Perspective |publisher=Praeger Publishers |isbn=0-03-055766-6}}
</ref>
<ref name="cooling-trotter">
{{cite book |last=Trotter |first=Anne |date=1977 |editor-last=Cooling |editor-first=Benjamin |title=War, Business, and American Society |publisher=Kennikat Press |pages=93-104 |chapter=Chapter 6: Development of the “Merchants of Death Theory” |isbn=0-8046-9156-8}}
</ref>
</references>

===Bibliography===
* {{cite journal|last=Blower |first=Brooke |title=New York City's Spanish Shipping Agents and the Practice of State Power in the Atlantic Borderlands of World War II |journal=[[The American Historical Review]] |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |date=2014 |volume=119 |issue=1 |pages=111–141 |doi=10.1093/ahr/119.1.111 |url=https://academic.oup.com/ahr/article/119/1/111/20265|doi-access=free }}
* {{cite book|last=Seidman |first=Michael |title=Transatlantic Antifascisms: From the Spanish Civil War to the End of World War II |publisher=[[Cambridge University Press]] |date=2017 |isbn=9781108278386}}
* {{cite journal|last=Tierney |first=Dominic |title=Franklin D. Roosevelt and Covert Aid to the Loyalists in the Spanish Civil War, 1936-39 |journal=[[Journal of Contemporary History]] |publisher=[[Sage Publishing]] |date=2004 |volume=39 |issue=3 |pages=299–313 |doi=10.1177/0022009404044440 |jstor=3180730 |s2cid=159727256 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/3180730|url-access=subscription }}

===Further reading===
* {{cite book|last=Cole|first=Wayne S.|title=Senator Gerald P. Nye and American Foreign Relations|date=1962|publisher=University of Minnesota Press|url=https://archive.org/details/senatorgeraldpny0000wayn/mode/2up|pages=318}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Gerald P. Nye}}
{{CongBio|N000176}}
*''[http://publications.iowa.gov/12729/1/Three_Faces_of_Midwestern_Isolationism.pdf Three Faces of Midwestern Isolationism]'' Edited by John N. Schact Published by The Center for the Study of the Recent History of the United States
* {{PM20|FID=pe/012955}}
*[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Fx9DjDRhW5o Senator Gerald Nye: The Rise and Fall of Gerald the Giant Killer]
*Gerald Nye mentioned in [https://www.msnbc.com/msnbc-podcast/rachel-maddow-presents-ultra/episode-7-rinse-repeat-n1300745 Episode 7] and [https://www.msnbc.com/msnbc-podcast/rachel-maddow-presents-ultra/episode-5-shut-it-down-n1300315 Episode 8] of Rachel Maddow's ''Ultra'' podcast

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{{s-ttl|title=[[Nonpartisan League]] nominee for [[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]] from [[North Dakota]]<br />([[Classes of United States Senators|Class 3]])|years=[[1926 United States Senate special election in North Dakota|1926]]}}
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{{s-bef|before=[[L. B. Hanna]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Republican Party (United States)|Republican]] nominee for [[United States Senator|U.S. Senator]] from [[North Dakota]]<br />([[Classes of United States Senators|Class 3]])|years=[[1926 United States Senate election in North Dakota|1926]], [[1932 United States Senate election in North Dakota|1932]], [[1938 United States Senate election in North Dakota|1938]], [[1944 United States Senate election in North Dakota|1944]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Milton Young]]}}
{{s-par|us-sen}}
{{U.S. Senator box |state=North Dakota|class=3|before=[[Edwin F. Ladd]]|after=[[John Moses (American politician)|John Moses]]|years=1925–1945|alongside=[[Lynn Frazier]], [[William Langer]]}}
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Nye, Gerald}}
[[Category:1892 births]]
[[Category:1971 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century American newspaper editors]]
[[Category:American conspiracy theorists]]
[[Category:Antisemitism in the United States]]
[[Category:America First Committee members]]
[[Category:Editors of North Dakota newspapers]]
[[Category:History of United States isolationism]]
[[Category:Maryland Republicans]]
[[Category:North Dakota Democrats]]
[[Category:People from Chevy Chase, Maryland]]
[[Category:People from Hortonville, Wisconsin]]
[[Category:Republican Party United States senators from North Dakota]]
[[Category:Teapot Dome scandal]]
[[Category:People from Wittenberg, Wisconsin]]
[[Category:20th-century United States senators]]