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{{Short description|City in Gyeonggi, South Korea}}
{{Other uses}}
{{More citations needed|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name                            = Gimpo
| native_name                     = {{lang|ko|김포시}}
| translit_lang1                  = Korean
| settlement_type                 = [[Cities of South Korea|Municipal City]]
| translit_lang1_type1            = [[Hangul]]
| translit_lang1_info1            = {{lang|ko|김포시}}
| translit_lang1_type2            = [[Hanja]]
| translit_lang1_info2            = {{lang|ko|金浦市}}
| translit_lang1_type3            = {{nowrap|Revised Romanization}}
| translit_lang1_info3            = Gimpo-si
| translit_lang1_type4            = {{nowrap|McCune–Reischauer}}
| translit_lang1_info4            = Kimp'o-si
| image_skyline                   = 
| imagesize                       = 
| image_caption                   = 
| image_map = Gyeonggi-Gimpo.svg
| mapsize                         = 
| map_caption                     = Location in South Korea
| subdivision_type                = Country
| subdivision_name                = {{flag|South Korea}}
| subdivision_type1               = [[Regions of Korea|Region]]
| subdivision_name1               = [[Gyeonggi Province]] ([[Seoul Capital Area|Sudogwon]])
| population_blank1_title         = Dialect
| population_blank1               = [[Seoul dialect|Seoul]]
| area_total_km2                  = 276.6
| population_as_of                = September 2024<ref>{{cite web |url=https://jumin.mois.go.kr/|title=Population statistics |date=2024|website=Korea Ministry of the Interior and Safety}}</ref>
| population_total                = 486,258
| population_density_km2          = 1546.55
| parts_type                      = [[Administrative divisions of South Korea|Administrative divisions]]
| parts                           = 3 ''eup'', 3 ''myeon'', 7 ''dong''
| image_blank_emblem              = Gimpo logo.png
| blank_emblem_type               = Emblem of Gimpo
| image_flag                      = Flag of Gimpo.svg
}}
'''Gimpo''' ({{Korean|hangul=김포}}; {{IPA|ko|kim.pʰo}}) is a [[Administrative divisions of South Korea|city]] in [[Gyeonggi Province]], South Korea. It borders [[Incheon]], with which it shares the South Korean side of the [[Han River (Korea)|Han River]] estuary, as well as [[Seoul]] and the lesser cities of [[Paju]] and [[Goyang]]. North Korea is across the Han River. The current mayor is {{ill|Jeong Hayoung|ko|정하영}}. The city's population of more than 300,000<ref>{{Cite web|title=Gimpo-si (City, Gyeonggi-do, South Korea) - Population Statistics, Charts, Map and Location|url=https://www.citypopulation.de/en/southkorea/admin/gyeonggi_do/31230__gimpo_si/|access-date=2020-09-28|website=www.citypopulation.de}}</ref> is made up of more than 71,000 households.

[[Gimpo International Airport]] (formerly Kimpo International Airport) used to be located inside the city, but is now part of [[Seoul]]. Tertiary educational institutions located in the city include [[Kimpo College]] and [[Joong-ang Seungga University]]. The city has 27 elementary schools, 12 middle schools, and 8 high schools, including [[Gimpo Foreign Language High School]]. Three elementary schools, two middle schools, and two high schools are located in the area of Tongjin.

==Modern history==
In 1914, Yangcheon County and Gimpo County were merged. Yangcheon County was separated into two towns (Yangdong and Yangseo).

Kimpo Airfield was constructed in 1939 during the [[Korea under Japanese rule|Japanese Imperial period]] for use by the [[Imperial Japanese Army]]. The airfield was a key asset during the [[Korean War]], changing hands three times before being recaptured and held by UN forces in February 1951 for the duration of the war. Designated K-14 by the [[United States Air Force]], it hosted several U.S. fighter, bomber, and reconnaissance units, notably [[North American F-86 Sabre|F-86 Sabre]] which would engage in air combat in [[MiG Alley]] in the northwestern part of North Korea.

In 1958, the government decreed that the airfield would serve all commercial flights into Seoul, a role until then filled by [[Yeouido Airport]]. After the completion of the terminal at Gimpo, Yeouido was demolished.

In 1963, Yangdong and Yangseo towns were incorporated into [[Yeongdeungpo District]], which includes [[Gimpo International Airport]]. In 1973, Gyeyang and Ojeong towns of [[Bucheon]] were transferred to Gimpo. In 1989, parts of Gyeyang town were ceded to [[Incheon]], giving Incheon a border with southwestern Seoul. The Geomdan area was transferred to Incheon in 1995.

In 1998, Gimpo was promoted to a city (''si''). A major new development, the Gimpo Han River New Town, was announced in 2003, significantly increasing the population of the city since its construction. A two-car light rail system, the [[Gimpo Goldline]], opened in 2019 to improve transportation to the New Town and to encourage population growth. The line operates between [[Yangchon station]] and [[Gimpo International Airport station]], where transfers are available to [[AREX]], [[Korail]], and [[Seoul Metropolitan Subway]] services.

==Climate==
Gimpo has a monsoon-influenced [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]]: ''Dwa'') with cold, dry winters and hot, rainy summers.
{{Weather box
| location = Gimpo (2004–2020 normals)
| metric first = Y
| single line = Y

| Jan high C = 1.3
| Feb high C = 4.6
| Mar high C = 10.5
| Apr high C = 16.8
| May high C = 22.8
| Jun high C = 27.0
| Jul high C = 28.6
| Aug high C = 30.0
| Sep high C = 25.8
| Oct high C = 19.9
| Nov high C = 11.5
| Dec high C = 3.0
| year high C = 16.8

| Jan mean C = -3.5
| Feb mean C = -0.5
| Mar mean C = 5.1
| Apr mean C = 11.2
| May mean C = 17.2
| Jun mean C = 21.9
| Jul mean C = 24.7
| Aug mean C = 25.7
| Sep mean C = 20.8
| Oct mean C = 14.2
| Nov mean C = 6.8
| Dec mean C = -1.3
| year mean C = 11.9

| Jan low C = -7.8
| Feb low C = -5.1
| Mar low C = 0.3
| Apr low C = 6.3
| May low C = 12.5
| Jun low C = 17.9
| Jul low C = 21.8
| Aug low C = 22.4
| Sep low C = 16.8
| Oct low C = 9.5
| Nov low C = 2.3
| Dec low C = -5.5
| year low C = 7.6

| precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 7.4
| Feb precipitation mm = 21.7
| Mar precipitation mm = 30.5
| Apr precipitation mm = 60.1
| May precipitation mm = 90.3
| Jun precipitation mm = 100.1
| Jul precipitation mm = 362.3
| Aug precipitation mm = 245.0
| Sep precipitation mm = 139.1
| Oct precipitation mm = 39.0
| Nov precipitation mm = 47.6
| Dec precipitation mm = 17.4
| year precipitation mm = 1160.5

| unit precipitation days = 0.1 mm
| Jan precipitation days = 2.5
| Feb precipitation days = 2.7
| Mar precipitation days = 4.5
| Apr precipitation days = 7.1
| May precipitation days = 6.1
| Jun precipitation days = 7.2
| Jul precipitation days = 13.2
| Aug precipitation days = 10.5
| Sep precipitation days = 7.0
| Oct precipitation days = 4.5
| Nov precipitation days = 6.8
| Dec precipitation days = 4.4

| source = [[Korea Meteorological Administration]]<ref name= KMA>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20220129211110/https://data.kma.go.kr/resources/normals/pdf_data/korea_pdf_0106_v2.pdf
| archive-date = 29 January 2022
| url = https://data.kma.go.kr/resources/normals/pdf_data/korea_pdf_0106_v2.pdf
| title = Climatological Normals of Korea (1991 ~ 2020)
| publisher = Korea Meteorological Administration
| access-date = 7 June 2023
| language = ko}}</ref>
}}

==Statistics==
[[Image:Gimpo-southkorea-schoolchart.png|400px]]

== Industry ==
=== Regional gross domestic product ===
Gimpo's gross domestic product in 2012 was 16.98 trillion won, accounting for 2.2% of the total in Gyeonggi Province. Among them, agriculture, forestry, and fisheries (primary industry) accounted for 248.5 billion won. In contrast, mining and manufacturing (second industry) accounted for 63.1% of the total, while commercial and service industries account for 35.3%, or 5.6869 trillion won. In the second industrial sector, wholesale and retail businesses (5.4%), construction (4.7%), real estate and rental businesses (3.7%), and electricity, gas, steam, and water projects (3.0%) accounted for a large portion, as the new Gimpo Han River is built.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=https://www.gimpo.go.kr/en/index.do|website=Full Life Gimpo|title=Gimpo }}</ref>

=== Status of employees ===
In 2014, the Gimpo industry's total number stood at 129,440, accounting for 2.9% of the total number of workers in Gyeonggi Province. Among them, agriculture and forestry (primary industry) account for 93 people. In contrast, mining and manufacturing (second industry) account for 48.6% of 62,946, while commercial and service industries (third industry) account for 51.3% with 66,401. The secondary industry is higher than the overall proportion of Gyeonggi Province (27.1%), and the tertiary industry is lower than the overall proportion of Gyeonggi Province (72.9%). In the third industrial sector, wholesale and retail (12.1%), lodging and restaurant (7.7%), education and services (6.2%), and health and social welfare (5.2%).<ref name=":0" />

=== Resident population and floating population ===
As of 2010, Gimpo's city had 215,050 residents and 227,159 weekly population, with the weekly population index high at 106. The number of people flowing in from commuting to work is 45,757. The number of people leaving from school is 31,213, and 2,687 and 5,122 more people flowing from school, a common phenomenon in the outskirts of the Seoul metropolitan area where many industrial facilities have been relocated.<ref name=":0" />

==Tourist spots==
* Munsu Fortress
* Jangneung
* Deokpojin
* Aegi Peak
* Daemyeong Port
* DMZ Peace Trail
* Czong Institute for Contemporary Art (CICA Museum)

==Sister cities==
*{{flagdeco|US}} [[Glendale, California|Glendale]], [[California]], [[United States]]
*{{flagdeco|ROK}} [[Hampyeong County|Hampyeong]], [[South Jeolla Province]], South Korea
*{{flagdeco|PRC}} [[Xinmin, Liaoning|Xinmin]], [[Liaoning]], [[China]]
*{{flagdeco|PRC}} [[Heze]], [[Shandong]], [[China]]
*{{Flagicon|Philippines}}  [[Bacong]], [[Negros Oriental]], [[Philippines]]

==See also==
* [[List of cities in South Korea]]
* [[Geography of South Korea]]
* [[Seoul National Capital Area]]
* [[Gimpo International Airport]]
* [[Gimpo Peninsula]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://www.gimpo.go.kr/en/main.do City government website (in English)]
*[http://www.gimpo.go.kr City government website (in Korean)]

{{gyeonggi}}
{{Metropolitan cities of South Korea}} 
{{Most populous cities in South Korea}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|37|42|0|N|126|36|0|E|type:city_region:KR-41_source:nlwiki|display=title}}

[[Category:Gimpo| ]]
[[Category:Cities in Gyeonggi Province]]