View source for Giovanni Lanza

{{Short description|Italian politician (1810–1882)}}
{{for|the 19th-century Italian painter|Giovanni Lanza (painter)}}
{{Infobox Prime Minister
| name        = Giovanni Lanza
| image       = Giovanni Lanza iii.jpg
| order       = [[Prime Minister of Italy]]
| monarch     = [[Victor Emmanuel II of Savoy|Victor Emmanuel II]]
| term_start  = 14 December 1869
| term_end    = 10 July 1873
| predecessor = [[Luigi Federico Menabrea]]
| successor   = [[Marco Minghetti]]
| birth_date  = {{birth date|1810|2|15|df=y}}
| death_date  = {{death date and age|1882|3|9|1810|2|15|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Casale Monferrato]], [[First French Empire|French Empire]]
| death_place = [[Rome]], [[Kingdom of Italy]]
| party       = [[Historical Right]]
| signature   = Giovanni Lanza Signature.svg
}}
'''Domenico Giovanni Giuseppe Maria Lanza''' (15 February 1810 {{snd}} 9 March 1882) was an Italian politician and the eighth [[prime minister of Italy]] from 1869 to 1873.

==Biography==
Lanza was born in the [[Piedmont]]ese city of [[Casale Monferrato]]. He studied medicine in [[Turin]], the capital of the [[Kingdom of Sardinia]], then returned to Casale where he divided his energies between practising medicine and developing his 33-hectare estate in nearby Roncaglia. He studied and wrote on agricultural developments in both the practical and social aspects. Lanza was among the first in [[Monferrato]] to introduce such modern equipment as [[Iron plough|iron ploughs]] and [[Seed drill|seed drills]], and also involved himself in the agricultural education of poor children, hoping to achieve at once “the betterment of our agriculture and the moral and intellectual betterment of our agricultural workers.”<ref>{{citation
|editor-first=Roberto
|editor-last=Crosio
|title=Le vocazioni ambientali del Vercellese e l'opera di Camillo Cavour
|contribution=Il ruolo storico dell'Associazione Agraria Subalpina ed i rapporti di Cavour al suo interno
|url=http://www.valsesiascuole.it/crosior/1_vercellese/cavour_contrasti_associazione.htm
|year=2003–2005|access-date=2008-06-24 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080220130009/http://www.valsesiascuole.it/crosior/1_vercellese/cavour_contrasti_associazione.htm <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 2008-02-20}}.</ref>

Lanza was also an active member of the [[Associazione Agraria Subalpina|Subalpine Agricultural Association]] of Turin and became its secretary. The association was concerned about reforming the political and economic spheres, as well as agriculture, and its identification with the cause of liberal nationalism—with the ''[[Risorgimento]]''—was underlined at the September 1847 agrarian congress in Casale, when Lanza raised the cry of "Viva l'Italia libera ed indipendente!" Later he commented on that event: "I did not join the association purely to improve the cultivation of cabbages".<ref>{{citation
 |first=Roberto 
 |last=Coaloa 
 |title=Lanza e "Viva l'Italia" al Congresso agrario 
 |url=http://www.ilmonferrato.it/articolo_cultura.php?ARTICLE=6f083f3e732c6f2c3debbcbc71510275 
 |work=Il Monferrato 
 |publisher=Editrice Monferrato S.r.l. 
 |date=2008-05-28 
 |access-date=2008-06-24 
}}{{dead link|date=January 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><sup>,&nbsp;</sup><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.luparia.it/scuola/fondatore.htm |title=Il fondatore: Vincenzo Luparia |access-date=2008-06-27 |publisher=Istituto tecnico agrario V.Luparia |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090424233239/http://www.luparia.it/scuola/fondatore.htm |archive-date=2009-04-24 }}</ref>

==Parliamentary collaboration with Cavour==

Lanza took an active part in the [[Revolutions of 1848|uprising of 1848]] and was elected to the [[Parliament of the Kingdom of Sardinia|Piedmont Parliament]] that same year. He attached himself to the party of [[Camillo Benso conte di Cavour|Cavour]] and devoted his attention chiefly to questions of the economy and finance. He became minister of education in 1855 in the Cavour cabinet, and in 1858 minister of finance.<ref name="EB1911">{{EB1911|inline=1|wstitle=Lanza, Domenico Giovanni Giuseppe Maria|volume=16|page=188}} Endnote: See Enrico Tavallini, ''La Vita ed i tempi di Giovanni Lanza'' (2 vols., Turin and Naples, 1887).</ref> He was minister of the interior (1864–1865) in the [[Alfonso Ferrero la Marmora|La Marmora]] cabinet, and arranged the transfer of the capital to [[Florence]]. He maintained a resolute opposition to the financial policies of [[Luigi Federico Menabrea|Menabrea]], who resigned in 1869 when Lanza was elected for the second time as President of the Chamber.<ref name="EB1911"/>

==Prime Minister of Italy==

Lanza formed a new cabinet in which he appointed himself minister of the interior. With [[Quintino Sella]] as minister of finance, he sought to reorganize the Italian budget and resigned from office when Sella's projects were rejected in 1873. 

===Legacy in the Unification of Italy===

His cabinet had seen the accomplishment of Italian unity and the installation of an Italian government in [[Rome]] after the [[Capture of Rome|defeat]] of the [[Papal States]] in late 1870.<ref name="EB1911"/>

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

{{commons category|Giovanni Lanza}}

==External links==
* {{Internet Archive author |sname=Giovanni Lanza}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{succession box|title=[[Italian Minister of Public Instruction|Piedmontese Minister of Education]]|before=[[Luigi Cibrario]]|after=[[Carlo Cadorna]]|years=1855–1858}}
{{succession box|title=[[Italian Minister of Economy|Piedmontese Minister of Finances]]|before=[[Camillo Benso di Cavour|The Count of Cavour]]|after=[[Giovanni Battista Oytana]]|years=1858–1859}}
{{succession box|title=[[Italian Chamber of Deputies|Chairman of the Piedmontese Chamber of Deputies]]|before=[[Urbano Rattazzi]]|after=[[Urbano Rattazzi]]|years=1860}}
{{succession box|title=[[Italian Minister of the Interior]]|before=[[Ubaldino Peruzzi]]|after=[[Giuseppe Natoli]]|years=1864–1865}}
{{succession box|title=[[Italian Chamber of Deputies|Chairman of the Italian Chamber of Deputies]]|before=[[Adriano Mari]]|after=[[Giuseppe Branchieri]]|years=1867–1869}}
{{succession box|title=[[Prime Minister of Italy]]|before=[[Luigi Federico Menabrea]]|after=[[Marco Minghetti]]|years=1869–1873}}
{{succession box|title=[[Italian Minister of the Interior]]|before=[[Antonio Starabba, Marchese di Rudinì|Antonio Starabba di Rudinì]]|after=[[Girolamo Cantelli]]|years=1869–1873}}
{{s-end}}
{{Prime ministers of Italy}}
{{President of Italian Chamber of Deputies}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Lanza, Giovanni}}
[[Category:1810 births]]
[[Category:1882 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Casale Monferrato]]
[[Category:People from the Kingdom of Sardinia]]
[[Category:Historical Right politicians]]
[[Category:Prime ministers of Italy]]
[[Category:Ministers of the interior of Italy]]
[[Category:Deputies of Legislature I of the Kingdom of Sardinia]]
[[Category:Deputies of Legislature II of the Kingdom of Sardinia]]
[[Category:Deputies of Legislature III of the Kingdom of Sardinia]]
[[Category:Deputies of Legislature IV of the Kingdom of Sardinia]]
[[Category:Deputies of Legislature V of the Kingdom of Sardinia]]
[[Category:Deputies of Legislature VI of the Kingdom of Sardinia]]
[[Category:Deputies of Legislature VII of the Kingdom of Sardinia]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Chamber of Deputies (Italy)]]
[[Category:Deputies of Legislature VIII of the Kingdom of Italy]]
[[Category:Deputies of Legislature IX of the Kingdom of Italy]]
[[Category:Deputies of Legislature X of the Kingdom of Italy]]
[[Category:Deputies of Legislature XI of the Kingdom of Italy]]
[[Category:Deputies of Legislature XII of the Kingdom of Italy]]
[[Category:Deputies of Legislature XIII of the Kingdom of Italy]]
[[Category:Deputies of Legislature XIV of the Kingdom of Italy]]
[[Category:Politicians from Piedmont]]