View source for Gyeongin Line

{{Short description|Railway line in Seoul and Incheon, South Korea}}
{{Expand Korean|date=September 2022|topic=transp}}
{{Infobox rail line
| box_width        = 300px
| name             = Gyeongin Line
| native_name      = 경인선(京仁線)
| native_name_lang = ko
| color            = 0066b3
| image            = Korail Gyeongin Line (cropped).jpg
| image_width      = 300px
| image_alt        = The Gyeongin Line near Jemulpo station in 2008
| type             = [[Passenger rail terminology#Heavy rail|Heavy rail]], Passenger/Freight rail<br/>[[Commuter rail]]
| status           = Operational
| locale           = [[Seoul]]<br/>[[Gyeonggi Province|Gyeonggi]]<br/>[[Incheon]]
| start            = [[Guro station|Guro]]
| end              = [[Incheon station|Incheon]]
| stations         = 21
| open             = {{Start date|1899|09|18|df=y}}
| owner            = [[Korea Rail Network Authority]]
| operator         = [[Korail]]
| linelength_km    = 27.0
| tracks           = [[Double track]]
| gauge            = {{Track gauge|sg|allk=on}}
| linenumber       = 301 ([[Korea Rail Network Authority|KR]])
| electrification  = 25 kV/60 Hz [[Alternating Current|AC]] [[Overhead lines]]
| map_state        = collapsed
| map              = [[File:Korail Gyeongin Line.png|300px]]
{{routemap|inline=1
| map =
\STR\STR~~[[Gyeongbu Line]]
\BHF\STR~~0.0~~Guro
\kABZg2\STRl~~[[Gyeongbu Line]]
\STR+k1\kSTRl+4~~{{rint|seoul|1}}
\ABZg+l\STRq
SKRZ-Go~~[[National Route 1 (South Korea)|National Route 1]]
hKRZWae!~lHST~~1.4~~Guil
HST~~2.4~~Gaebong
BHF~~3.7~~Oryu-dong
eABZgl~~For Gyeonggi Chemical
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 46
HST~~5.6~~Onsu {{rint|seoul|7}}
STR+GRZq~~↑[[Seoul]]/[[Bucheon]]↓
HST~~6.9~~Yeokgok
HST~~8.4~~Sosa
BHF~~9.5~~Bucheon
SBRÜCKE~~National Route 39
eABZgr~~Former ''[[Gimpo Line]]''
HST~~11.2~~Jung-dong
BHF~~12.2~~Songnae
SKRZ-Au~~[[Seoul Ring Expressway]]
STR+GRZq~~↑[[Bucheon]]/[[Incheon]]↓
HST~~13.4~~Bugae
BHF~~14.9~~Bupyeong {{rint|seoul|1}}
HST~~16.6~~Baegun
HST~~18.1~~Dongam
HST~~19.3~~Ganseok
BHF~~20.5~~Juan
SKRZ-Au~~[[Gyeongin Expressway]]
HST~~21.5~~Dohwa
eABZgl~~Former ''Juin Line''
HST~~22.5~~Jemulpo
HST~~23.9~~Dowon
BHF~~25.1~~Dongincheon (Formerly Sangincheon)<ref>[[Japanese Government Railways]] (1937), 鉄道停車場一覧. 昭和12年10月1日現在(The List of the stations as of 1 October 1937), Kawaguchi Printing Company, Tokyo, p 483</ref>
STR+4\STR\
KRWg+l\KRWgr\~~For [[Port of Incheon]]
DST\KBHFe\~~27.0~~Incheon~~{{rint|seoul|1}} terminus
}}
}}
{{Infobox Korean name/auto
|hangul=^경인선
|hanja=京仁線
}}

The '''Gyeongin Line''' ('''Gyeonginseon''') is a railway mainline in South Korea, currently connecting [[Guro station]] in [[Seoul]] and [[Incheon station|Incheon]]. Commuter services along the line [[Through train|through operates]] into [[Seoul Subway Line 1]].

==History==
[[File:Opening ceremony of Gyeongin Line, 1899.jpg|thumb|Opening ceremony in 1899]]
The Gyeongin Line was the first railway line built on the [[Korean peninsula]]. It was opened by the [[Gyeongin Railway|Keijin Railway Company]] between [[Noryangjin station|Noryangjin]], on the shore of the [[Han River (Korea)|Han River]] across from Seoul, [[Geumchon station|Geumchon]], in [[Incheon]], on September 18, 1899.<ref name="lineop">{{cite web |url=http://info.korail.com/2007/kra/ope/ope08000/w_ope08606.jsp |title=경영원칙 > 경영공시 > 영업현황 > 영업거리현황 |publisher=[[Korail]] |access-date=2010-11-27 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110722192217/http://info.korail.com/2007/kra/ope/ope08000/w_ope08606.jsp |archive-date=2011-07-22 }}</ref> Soon after, the line was extended across the Han River into [[Seoul Station]], and beyond Geumchon to the port of Incheon. When the construction of the [[Gyeongbu Line]] was completed from [[Busan station|Busan]] to Guro on January 1, 1905, the Seoul-Guro section of the Gyeongin Line became part of the Gyeongbu Line.<ref name="lineop"/> The remaining Gyeongin Line from Guro to Incheon is {{convert|27.0|km|mi|1|abbr=on}} long.<ref name="lineop"/>

Following the 1961 coup, the [[Supreme Council for National Reconstruction]] started South Korea's [[Five-year plans of South Korea#1962–1966|first five-year plan]], which included a construction program to complete the railway network, to foster economic growth.<ref name="5yr-plan">{{cite web |url=http://www.silvernetnews.com/?inc=newsview&no=8229&s=20&ss=0&sss=0 |title=<nowiki>철마 110년, 영고의 자취 [12] 경제개발과 철도</nowiki> |language=ko |date=2010-03-20 |publisher=Silvernet News |access-date=2010-11-30}}</ref> As part of the program, from November 1963, two additional tracks were laid to the north of the existing tracks from [[Yeongdeungpo station]] on the Gyeongbu Line to [[Dongincheon station]].<ref name="5yr-plan"/> The {{convert|27.8|km|mi|abbr=on}} of new tracks, also called Gyeonginbuk Line, entered service on September 18, 1965.<ref name="5yr-plan"/>

The line was among the first in South Korea to be electrified with the 25&nbsp;kV/60&nbsp;Hz [[Alternating current|AC]] [[Overhead wires|catenary]] system, when two tracks over the {{convert|38.9|km|mi|abbr=on}} between Seoul and Incheon entered service on August 15, 1974, for the Seoul Subway Line 1.<ref name="electrification">{{cite web |url=http://www.epic.or.kr/cont/yearbook/download/yearbook_chap07_3.pdf |title=Electricity Almanac 2009 |publisher=Korea Electric Association |access-date=2010-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120314033522/http://www.epic.or.kr/cont/yearbook/download/yearbook_chap07_3.pdf |archive-date=2012-03-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref> Electrification of the second two tracks started with the {{convert|14.9|km|mi|abbr=on}} from Guro to [[Bupyeong station|Bupyeong]], which went into service on January 29, 1999.<ref name="electrification"/> The {{convert|5.6|km|mi|abbr=on}} until [[Juan station|Juan]] followed on March 15, 2002, and the final {{convert|6.6|km|mi|abbr=on}} on December 21, 2005.<ref name="electrification"/>

==Operation==
[[Korail]] operated regular passenger service along the Gyeongin Line until the electrification of the line in the early 1970s, when passenger service was integrated into Seoul Subway Line 1. Line 1 trains using the Gyeongin Line provide up to ten trains an hour per direction, with services towards Guro, [[Cheongnyangni station (aboveground)|Cheongnyangni]], [[Dongmyo station|Dongmyo]], [[Seongbuk station|Seongbuk]], [[Chang-dong station|Chang-dong]], [[Uijeongbu station|Uijeongbu]], [[Yangju station|Yangju]], [[Dongducheon station|Dongducheon]] and [[Soyosan station|Soyosan]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.smrt.co.kr/Eng/Subway/Train/Timetable.jsp?station=1812 |title=Timetable (Incheon) |publisher=SMRTC |access-date=2010-11-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110614171105/http://www.smrt.co.kr/Eng/Subway/Train/Timetable.jsp?station=1812 |archive-date=2011-06-14 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Transportation in South Korea]]

==References==
{{commons category}}
{{reflist}}

{{Public transport in the Seoul Metropolitan Area}}
{{Seoul Metropolitan Subway stations|line1=yes}}
{{Gyeongin Line}}

[[Category:Gyeongin Line| ]]
[[Category:1899 establishments in Korea]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Gyeonggi Province]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Incheon]]
[[Category:Rail transport in Seoul]]
[[Category:Railway lines in South Korea]]
[[Category:Railway lines opened in 1899]]
[[Category:Seoul Metropolitan Subway lines]]