View source for Halmstad

{{short description|Place in Halland, Sweden}}
{{Infobox settlement
|official_name          = Halmstad
|image_skyline          = {{Photomontage |border=0 |size=275 |spacing=2 |color=none |photo1a=Halmstad Nissan01.JPG |photo2a=Halmstads Stadsbibliotek.jpg |photo2b=2015-07-01 Stadttor in Halmstad RB1278.jpg}}
|image_caption          = 
|image_shield           = Halmstad stora vapen.svg
|pushpin_map            = Sweden Halland#Sweden
|pushpin_label_position = 
|subdivision_type       = [[Country]]
|subdivision_name       = [[Sweden]]
|subdivision_type3      = [[Municipalities of Sweden|Municipality]]
|subdivision_name3      = [[Halmstad Municipality]]
|subdivision_type2      = [[Counties of Sweden|County]]
|subdivision_name2      = [[Halland County]]
|subdivision_type1      = [[Provinces of Sweden|Province]]
|subdivision_name1      = [[Halland]]
|area_footnotes         = <ref name=scb>{{Cite web |url=https://www.scb.se/hitta-statistik/statistik-efter-amne/miljo/markanvandning/tatorter/pong/tabell-och-diagram/statistiska-tatorter-2020-befolkning-landareal-befolkningstathet-per-tatort/ |title=Statistiska tätorter 2020, befolkning, landareal, befolkningstäthet per tätort |date=2021-11-24 |publisher=[[Statistics Sweden]] |language=sv |access-date=2023-02-14 |archive-date=2023-05-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230526110138/https://www.scb.se/Statistik/MI/MI0810/2010A01/Tatorternami0810tab1_4.xls |url-status=live }}</ref>
|area_total_km2         = 37.99
|population_as_of       = 31 December 2020
|population_footnotes   = <ref name=scb/>
|population_total       = 71,422 <!-- This is the official figure from Statistics Sweden (Statistiska centralbyrån). -->
|population_density_km2 = auto
|timezone               = [[Central European Time|CET]]
|utc_offset             = +1
|timezone_DST           = [[Central European Summer Time|CEST]]
|utc_offset_DST         = +2
|coordinates            = {{coord|56|40|26|N|12|51|26|E|region:SE|display=inline,title}}
|elevation_m            = 11
|postal_code_type       = Postal code
|postal_code            = 30x xx
|area_code              = (+46) 35
|website                = {{URL|http://www.halmstad.se}}
|footnotes              = <ref>{{cite web | title=Historien om Halmstad | website=[[Confederation of Swedish Enterprise|Svenskt Näringsliv]] | date=2023-11-06 | url=https://www.svensktnaringsliv.se/regioner/halland/historien-om-halmstad_1127939.html | language=sv | access-date=2023-12-23 | archive-date=2023-12-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231223195514/https://www.svensktnaringsliv.se/regioner/halland/historien-om-halmstad_1127939.html | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Uppslagsverk | website=NE.se | date=2023-12-23 | url=https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/halmstad | language=sv | access-date=2023-12-23 | archive-date=2023-12-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231223195510/https://www.ne.se/uppslagsverk/encyklopedi/l%C3%A5ng/halmstad | url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | title=Halmstads historia | website=Halmstad.com | url=https://www.halmstad.com/information/halmstads-historia | access-date=2023-12-23 | archive-date=2023-12-23 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231223195535/https://www.halmstad.com/information/halmstads-historia | url-status=live }}</ref>
}}

'''Halmstad''' ({{IPA|sv|ˈhǎlmsta(d)|lang|sv-Halmstad.ogg}})<ref>{{cite book|url=https://runeberg.org/ortnamn/0014.html|author1=Jöran Sahlgren|author2=Gösta Bergman|title=Svenska ortnamn med uttalsuppgifter|language=sv|year=1979|page=10|archive-date=2023-11-28|access-date=2023-12-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231128113538/https://runeberg.org/ortnamn/0014.html|url-status=live}}</ref> is a port, university, industrial and recreational [[urban areas of Sweden|city]] at the mouth of the [[Nissan (river)|Nissan]] river, in the [[provinces of Sweden|province]] of [[Halland]] on the [[Sweden|Swedish]] west coast.  Halmstad is the seat of [[Halmstad Municipality]] and the capital of [[Halland County]]. The city had a population of 71,422 in 2020,<ref name=scb/> out of a municipal total of over 100,000. Halmstad is Sweden's 19th-largest city by population and located about midway between [[Gothenburg]] (the second most populous) and [[Malmö]] (the third). 

==History==
Halmstad, at the time part of the [[Kingdom of Denmark]], received its first [[city charter]] in 1307, and the city celebrated its 700th anniversary in 2007. The oldest remains of that first town are to be found at "Övraby" upstream on Nissan, just south of and quite close to the present day regiment buildings. The remains of the church can still be seen today between a defunct brick industry and a former landfill.

In the 1320s the town moved to the present day town centre.  At this time there were two monasteries in the town and during the 15th century the St. Nikolai church was built. Halland was the object of numerous battles, sieges and occupations by Swedish troops.

During the [[Kalmar Union]], a Nordic Union between Sweden, [[Norway]] and Denmark which lasted between 1397 and 1523, it was in Halmstad that the Union King was to be finally selected.

At the end of the 16th century [[Christian IV of Denmark]] ordered the fortification of Halmstad and in the beginning of the 17th century to build a crescent-shaped fort with Nissan as part of the defences.

1619 is an important date in the history of Halmstad. In March of that year, King [[Gustav II Adolf]] of Sweden and [[Christian IV of Denmark|Christian IV]] met at the castle. Over a period of a week they celebrated the payment in full of the [[Älvsborg Ransom (1613)|Älvsborg ransom]]. August of the same year saw the destruction of Halmstad by fire.

Halland became part of Sweden for a period of thirty years when peace was declared at the [[Second Treaty of Brömsebro (1645)|Treaty of Brömsebro]] in 1645 and Danish rule ended. The [[Treaty of Roskilde]] in 1658 made this acquisition permanent. Sweden defeated Denmark in the [[Battle of Fyllebro]] which took place in 1676 just outside Halmstad. In 1678, a parliamentary meeting ([[Riksdag]]) was held in Halmstad.

The Riksdag decided in 1734 that the city's fortifications would be demolished. Some residues of fortifications have been preserved, including one of the four city gates, [[Norre Port]]. For a period, the old fortifications were used for tobacco cultivation.

The city's first major industry, Wallbergs Factory AB was built in 1823. The brewery Appeltofftska (now [[Krönleins]]) was founded in 1836 and brewery Östra Bryggeriet in 1846. AB Malcus Holmquist, also called Malcus, was formed in 1902. Nordiskafilt AB started in 1904 and Halmstads Järnverk in 1916. Lundgren's foundry started in 1917 and Waco in 1918. 

A large rebuilding of Halmstad's port was conducted in 1837–1840.<ref>Bengtsson, p. 57</ref> The Halländska steamship company was formed in Halmstad in 1850 and started traffic between Gothenburg and [[Copenhagen]], which was soon expanded with several connections. The first railway line, Halmstad—Värnamo, opened in 1877.

Halmstad was continually industrialized at the end of the 19th century. The city grew from 12,000 to 15,000 inhabitants during the 1890s. Every year, 1,000 people moved to Halmstad and 800—900 moved away.<ref>{{cite book |last=Gaunt |first=David |title=Familjeliv i Norden |date=1983 |publisher=Gidlunds |location=Lund |isbn=91-7021-434-4|page=274}}</ref>

Halmstad's first union was formed in 1885 by tailor workers.<ref>Bengtsson, p. 69</ref>

After expanding in 1967, Halmstad become central town in 1971 in Halmstad's municipality.<ref>Sveriges kommunindelning 1863–1993</ref> The population grew from 48,800 in 1990 to 58,577 in 2010.

==Climate==
Halmstad has the south Scandinavian climate of a relatively rainy environment with warm summers and winters around the freezing point. The local climate is defined as an [[oceanic climate]] (''Cfb'') with some [[humid continental climate|continental]] influence.

{{Weather box
|location = Halmstad (2002–2022 averages); extremes since 1901
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan record high C = 10.2
|Feb record high C = 13.2
|Mar record high C = 19.3
|Apr record high C = 28.1
|May record high C = 30.0
|Jun record high C = 34.2
|Jul record high C = 34.0
|Aug record high C = 33.0
|Sep record high C = 29.5
|Oct record high C = 22.6
|Nov record high C = 16.0
|Dec record high C = 11.4
|year record high C = 34.2
|Jan avg record high C = 6.9
|Feb avg record high C = 8.2
|Mar avg record high C = 13.5
|Apr avg record high C = 20.1
|May avg record high C = 25.6
|Jun avg record high C = 28.1
|Jul avg record high C = 29.8
|Aug avg record high C = 28.3
|Sep avg record high C = 23.4
|Oct avg record high C = 16.9
|Nov avg record high C = 12.0
|Dec avg record high C = 8.4
|year avg record high C = 30.5
|Jan high C = 2.5
|Feb high C = 3.0
|Mar high C = 6.5
|Apr high C = 12.5
|May high C = 17.4
|Jun high C = 20.9
|Jul high C = 22.7
|Aug high C = 21.9
|Sep high C = 17.8
|Oct high C = 12.0
|Nov high C = 7.5
|Dec high C = 4.1
|year high C = 
|Jan mean C = 0.3
|Feb mean C = 0.5
|Mar mean C = 2.9
|Apr mean C = 7.5
|May mean C = 12.3
|Jun mean C = 15.9
|Jul mean C = 18.0
|Aug mean C = 17.5
|Sep mean C = 13.8
|Oct mean C = 8.9
|Nov mean C = 5.3
|Dec mean C = 1.9
|year mean C = 
|Jan low C = −2.0
|Feb low C = −2.0
|Mar low C = −0.7
|Apr low C = 2.4
|May low C = 7.2
|Jun low C = 10.9
|Jul low C = 13.3
|Aug low C = 13.1
|Sep low C = 9.9
|Oct low C = 5.8
|Nov low C = 3.0
|Dec low C = −0.3
|year low C = 
|Jan avg record low C = −12.1
|Feb avg record low C = −9.9
|Mar avg record low C = −8.0 
|Apr avg record low C = −4.1
|May avg record low C = −0.1
|Jun avg record low C = 5.2
|Jul avg record low C = 8.1
|Aug avg record low C = 7.4
|Sep avg record low C = 2.2
|Oct avg record low C = −2.8
|Nov avg record low C = −5.9
|Dec avg record low C = −9.2
|year avg record low C = −14.7
|Jan record low C = −26.2
|Feb record low C = −25.7
|Mar record low C = −23.0
|Apr record low C = −10.7
|May record low C = −4.4
|Jun record low C = 0.2
|Jul record low C = 1.7
|Aug record low C = 2.0
|Sep record low C = −4.8
|Oct record low C = −9.6
|Nov record low C = −18.0
|Dec record low C = −23.2
|year record low C = −26.2
|precipitation colour = green
|Jan precipitation mm = 64.1
|Feb precipitation mm = 52.9
|Mar precipitation mm = 40.9
|Apr precipitation mm = 39.7
|May precipitation mm = 56.4
|Jun precipitation mm = 81.4
|Jul precipitation mm = 97.8
|Aug precipitation mm = 112.9
|Sep precipitation mm = 74.2
|Oct precipitation mm = 92.2
|Nov precipitation mm = 68.9
|Dec precipitation mm = 75.0
|year precipitation mm = 
|source 1 = SMHI Open Data<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/ladda-ner-meteorologiska-observationer/#param=airtemperatureInstant,stations=all | work = [[Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute]] | language = sv | title = Ladda ner meteorologiska observationer | access-date = 2023-02-14 | archive-date = 2019-04-11 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20190411092753/https://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/ladda-ner-meteorologiska-observationer#param=airtemperatureInstant,stations=all | url-status = dead }}</ref>
|source 2 = SMHI Monthly Data 2002–2022<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/temperatur/2.1240 |work=[[Swedish Meteorological and Hydrological Institute]] |date=10 February 2023 |title=Års- och månadsstatistik |language=sv |access-date=29 April 2015 |archive-date=2 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502092934/http://www.smhi.se/klimatdata/meteorologi/temperatur/2.1240 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
|date=February 2023}}

== Demographics ==
{{Empty section|date=December 2014}}

== Education ==
===Primary education===
:''Some of these schools might also have secondary education''
{|
|- valign="top"
|
* [[Brunnsåkersskolan]]
* [[Centrumskolan]]
* [[Frennarps Byskola]]
* [[Furulundsskolan]]
|
* [[Linehedsskolan]]
* [[Nyhemsskolan]]
* [[Slottsjordsskolan]]
* [[Bäckagårdsskolan]]
|
* [[Sofiebergsskolan]]
* [[Stenstorpsskolan]]
* [[Östergårdsskolan]]
* [[Fyllingeskolan]]
|}
===Secondary education===
* Kattegattgymnasiet
* Sturegymnasiet
* [[Sannarpsgymnasiet]]

===Tertiary education===
Founded in 1983, [[Halmstad University]] is a public higher education institution offering bachelor's and master's programs in various fields of study. In addition, it conducts Ph.D. programs in three fields of research: Information Technology, Innovation Science and Health Science.<ref name="hsv-annualreport">[http://www.hsv.se/download/18.485f1ec213870b672a680003125/1218R-swedish-universities-annual-report-2012.pdf Swedish Universities & University Colleges - Short Version of Annual Report 2012] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121201060648/http://www.hsv.se/download/18.485f1ec213870b672a680003125/1218R-swedish-universities-annual-report-2012.pdf |date=2012-12-01 }}, p. 51</ref> Halmstad University has more than 9 000 students, including 245 exchange students (2013) and 163 international programme students (2013).

==Transportation==
[[File:Halmstads central.jpg|thumb|alt=Halmstad Central railway station|Halmstad Central railway station]]
Halmstad is located along the [[West Coast Line (Sweden)|West Coast Line]] and at the beginning of the [[Halmstad-Nässjö railway line]]. Regional trains are operated under the brands [[Øresundståg]] to [[Gothenburg]] and [[Copenhagen]], [[Pågatågen]] to [[Helsingborg]] and [[Krösatågen]] to [[Nässjö]] and [[Jönköping]]. State operator SJ operates high-speed trains to Gothenburg, [[Malmö]] and [[Stockholm]], with private operator [[MTRX]] operating additional trains to Stockholm in the summer.

Halmstad is the starting point for [[Swedish national road|national roads]] 25 and 26, and is situated along the [[European route E6|E6]]/[[European route E20|E20]] motorways.

[[Halmstad Airport]] is a minor international airport with direct flights to various destinations in Europe. [[Port of Halmstad]] is one of Sweden's 10 largest seaports.

==Sport==
[[Image:HBK-Gefle.JPG|thumb|200px|right|[[Halmstads BK]] versus [[Gefle IF]] at [[Örjans Vall]] 2007.]]

===Event host===
In September 2007 the city hosted the [[2007 Solheim Cup|Solheim Cup]], which was played at the [[Halmstad GK|Halmstad Golfklubb]]. In 2011 Halmstad was the final port of the [[Tall Ships' Races]]. Halmstad also hosted the [[2018 World Team Table Tennis Championships]].

===Local sportsteams===
{{Div col|colwidth=15em}}
*American Football
**Halmstad Eagles
*Association football
**[[Halmstads BK]]
**[[IS Halmia]]
** [[Alets IK]]
** [[BK Astrio]]
** [[IF Centern]]
** [[IF Leikin]]
** [[Snöstorp/Nyhem FF]]
** [[IS Örnia]]
*Badminton
**Halmstad Badmintonklubb
*Bowling
**BK 91:an Halmstad
**BK Hallandia
**BK Nyhem
**BK Pantern
**BK Safir
**BS Tylön
**Halmia BS
**IF Tre Hjärtan
**Team Halmstad BF
*Dancing
**[[Laxbuggarna]]
*Fencing
**[[Halmstads Fäktsällskap]]
*Figure skating
**[[Halmstads konståkningsklubb]]
*Golf
**[[Halmstad GK]]
** Bäckavattnets GK
** Garnisonen GK
** Holms GK
** [[Ringenäs GK]]
** Haverdals GK
*Gymnastics
**[[Halmstad Frigymnaster]]
**[[Halmstad Kvinnliga GF]]
**[[Halmstad Rytmiska GF]]
**[[Nissaflickorna]]
*Ice hockey
**[[Halmstad Hammers HC]]
** Halmstad Ungdom HC
** Sannarps HC
*Swimming
**[[SK Laxen]]
*Table tennis
**[[Halmstad BTK]]
*Team handball
**[[HK Drott]]
**Halmstads HP
*Tennis
** Söndrums TK
*Track & Field
**[[IFK Halmstad]]
*Cricket 
**[[Halmstad Cricket club]] 
{{div col end}}

==Notable residents==

* [[Luai Ahmed]] (born 1993), Yemeni-born Swedish journalist, columnist, and influencer
* [[Sven Colliander]], [[Lieutenant general|Lieutenant General]] and Olympian
* [[Rolf Peterson]], canoer

== See also ==
* [[Kroenleins|Krönleins]] Brewery
* [[Mjellby Art Museum]]
*[[Norre Port - Halmstad, Sweden City Gate|Norreport historic city gate]]
* [[Chronicle of the Expulsion of the Grayfriars#Chapter 11 Concerning the Friary in Halmstad]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{commons category}}
*{{wikivoyage-inline|Halmstad}}
*[http://www.halmstad.se/ Official homepage for the Municipality]
*[http://www.destinationhalmstad.se/ Official homepage for visitors and tourists]

{{Localities in Halmstad Municipality}}
{{Halland County}}
{{Swedish Seats}}
{{30 most populous cities of Sweden}}
{{50 most populous Nordic urban settlements}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Halmstad| ]]
[[Category:County seats in Sweden]]
[[Category:Municipal seats of Halland County]]
[[Category:Swedish municipal seats]]
[[Category:Populated places in Halmstad Municipality]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns in Sweden]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns of the North Sea]]
[[Category:Coastal cities and towns in Sweden]]
[[Category:Cities in Sweden]]