View source for Hanko, Finland

{{Short description|Finnish municipality and town in Raseborg sub-region, Uusimaa}}
{{Distinguish|Hankø|Hankou}}

{{Infobox settlement
|name = Hanko
|official_name = {{lang|fi|Hangon kaupunki}}<br />{{lang|sv|Hangö stad}}
|native_name = {{lang|fi|Hanko}} – {{lang|sv|Hangö}}
|nickname = The [[Riviera]] of Finland<ref name="ess"/><ref name="ksml"/>
|settlement_type = [[Municipalities of Finland|Municipality]] and [[list of cities and towns in Finland|town]]
|image_skyline = Eastern Harbour coastline Hanko.jpg
|image_caption = Eastern Harbour coastline
|image_shield = Hanko.vaakuna.svg
|shield_size = 120x80px
|image_map = Hanko sijainti Suomi.svg
|map_caption = Location of Hanko in [[Finland]]
|coordinates = {{Coord|59|49|42|N|22|57|57|E|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
|subdivision_name = {{flag|Finland}}
|subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Finland|Region]]
|subdivision_name1 = [[Uusimaa]]
|subdivision_type2 = [[Sub-regions of Finland|Sub-region]]
|subdivision_name2 = [[Raseborg sub-region|Raseborg]]
|leader_title = [[City manager|Town manager]]
|leader_name = Simon Store 
|established_title = [[Charter]]
|established_date = 1874
|area_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|area_footnotes|Hanko}}
|area_total_km2 = {{Data Finland municipality|area_total_km2|Hanko}}
|area_land_km2 = {{Data Finland municipality|area_land_km2|Hanko}}
|area_water_km2 = {{Data Finland municipality|area_water_km2|Hanko}}
|area_rank = {{Data Finland municipality|area_rank|Hanko}}
|population_as_of = {{Data Finland municipality|population_as_of|Hanko}}
|population_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|population_footnotes|Hanko}}
|population_total = {{Data Finland municipality|population_total|Hanko}}
|population_density_km2 = {{Data Finland municipality|population_density_km2|Hanko}}
|population_rank = {{Data Finland municipality|population_rank|Hanko}}
|demographics_type1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics_type1|Hanko}}
|demographics1_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_footnotes|Hanko}}
|demographics1_title1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title1|Hanko}}
|demographics1_info1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info1|Hanko}}
|demographics1_title2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title2|Hanko}}
|demographics1_info2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info2|Hanko}} (official)
|demographics1_title3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title3|Hanko}}
|demographics1_info3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info3|Hanko}}
|demographics1_title4 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title4|Hanko}}
|demographics1_info4 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info4|Hanko}}
|demographics_type2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics_type2|Hanko}}
|demographics2_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_footnotes|Hanko}}
|demographics2_title1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_title1|Hanko}}
|demographics2_info1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_info1|Hanko}}
|demographics2_title2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_title2|Hanko}}
|demographics2_info2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_info2|Hanko}}
|demographics2_title3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_title3|Hanko}}
|demographics2_info3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_info3|Hanko}}
|blank_name = {{Data Finland municipality|blank_name|Hanko}}
|blank_info = {{Data Finland municipality|blank_info|Hanko}}
|blank3_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
|blank3_info = [[Humid continental climate#Mild/cool summer subtype|Dfb]]
|timezone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
|utc_offset = +02:00
|timezone_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
|utc_offset_DST = +03:00
|website = {{Url|https://hanko.fi/}}
}}

'''Hanko''' ({{IPA|fi|ˈhɑŋko}}; {{langx|sv|Hangö}}) is a [[town]] in [[Finland]], located in the southern coast of the country. Hanko is situated in the western part of the [[Uusimaa]] region. The population of Hanko is approximately {{formatnum:{{#expr:{{Data Finland municipality/population count|Hanko, Finland}}round -3}}}}. It is the {{ordinal|{{Data Finland municipality/population count sequence|Hanko, Finland}}}} most populous [[Municipalities of Finland|municipality]] in Finland.

Hanko is located {{convert|130|km|-1}} west of [[Helsinki]] and {{convert|35|km}} south-west of [[Ekenäs, Finland|Ekenäs]]. 

The [[Port of Hanko]] is today the 4th largest port in Finland.<ref>{{cite web | url = https://portofhanko.fi/en/company/ | title = Port of Hanko Ltd | publisher = Port of Hanko | access-date = 16 March 2024}}</ref> The skyline of Hanko is dominated by the church and the [[water tower]]. Both of them received their current appearance after [[World War II]], as their predecessors were either damaged or destroyed by the [[Soviet Armed Forces]].

Hanko is a [[bilingual]] municipality with [[Finnish language|Finnish]] and [[Finnish language|Swedish]] as its official languages. The population consists of {{Formatnum: {{pct|{{Data Finland municipality/native language Finnish|Hanko, Finland}}|{{Data Finland municipality/native language total|Hanko, Finland}}|0}}}} Finnish speakers, {{Formatnum: {{pct|{{Data Finland municipality/native language Swedish|Hanko, Finland}}|{{Data Finland municipality/native language total|Hanko, Finland}}|0}}}} Swedish speakers, and {{Formatnum: {{pct|{{Data Finland municipality/native language other|Hanko, Finland}}|{{Data Finland municipality/native language total|Hanko, Finland}}|0}}}} speakers of other languages.

==Geography==
The [[Hanko Peninsula]], on which the city is located, is the southernmost tip of [[Mainland Finland|continental Finland]]. The soil is a sandy [[moraine]], and vegetation consists mainly of [[pine]] and low [[shrub]]s, mostly ''[[Calluna]]''. Hanko is known for its beautiful [[archipelago]].

The town has a [[coast]]line of approximately {{convert|130|km|-1|abbr=on}}, of which {{convert|30|km|-1|abbr=on}} are sandy beaches. There are also over 90 small [[islands]] and [[islets]] within the city limits.

{{wide image|hankopan.JPG|1000 px|align-cap=center|A [[scrolling|scrollable]] [[panoramic photography|panorama]] shot from the water tower shows the typical small-town architecture, with mostly wooden buildings. Some of the archipelago is also visible. The view is, left to right, from east to southwest. The photo was taken at noon, so the sun is due south.}}

=== Climate ===
Hanko has a [[humid continental climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification|Köppen]] ''Dfb''), which is significantly milder in terms of temperatures than the average of the same latitude. Compared to, for example, [[Helsinki]], Hanko's climate is more oceanic on average, which means milder in winter and cooler in summer. The moderating influence of [[Baltic Sea]] cyclones results in warm and moderately humid summers and long, moderately cold wet winters. The period with the most precipitation is in autumn and early winter. The driest months are April and May. Duration of sunshine varies greatly throughout the year, being high in summer due to both long days and relatively clear weather, and low in late autumn and early winter due to both short days and high number of cloudy days. Thunderstorms occur most in the summer months. 

{{Weather box
|location = Hanko Tvärminne 1991–2020 normals, records 1963–present
|collapsed=yes
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan record high C = 8.0
|Feb record high C = 9.1
|Mar record high C = 14.4
|Apr record high C = 19.7
|May record high C = 25.6
|Jun record high C = 30.9
|Jul record high C = 31.1
|Aug record high C = 30.3
|Sep record high C = 23.6
|Oct record high C = 17.6
|Nov record high C = 14.4
|Dec record high C = 9.5
|year record high C =
|Jan avg record high C = 4.6
|Feb avg record high C = 4.3
|Mar avg record high C = 7.5
|Apr avg record high C = 14.3
|May avg record high C = 21.0
|Jun avg record high C = 23.8
|Jul avg record high C = 26.2
|Aug avg record high C = 24.6
|Sep avg record high C = 19.6
|Oct avg record high C = 14.1
|Nov avg record high C = 9.4
|Dec avg record high C = 6.2
|year avg record high C = 27.1
|Jan high C = 0.0
|Feb high C = −0.8
|Mar high C = 2.0
|Apr high C = 6.8
|May high C = 13.1
|Jun high C = 17.6
|Jul high C = 21.0
|Aug high C = 20.0
|Sep high C = 15.2
|Oct high C = 9.4
|Nov high C = 5.0
|Dec high C = 2.2
|year high C = 
|Jan mean C = −2.2
|Feb mean C = −3.2
|Mar mean C = −0.8
|Apr mean C = 3.6
|May mean C = 9.2
|Jun mean C = 13.9
|Jul mean C = 17.5
|Aug mean C = 16.8
|Sep mean C = 12.6
|Oct mean C = 7.3
|Nov mean C = 3.2
|Dec mean C = 0.3
|year mean C = 
|Jan low C = −4.5
|Feb low C = −5.7
|Mar low C = −3.5
|Apr low C = 0.8
|May low C = 5.8
|Jun low C = 10.6
|Jul low C = 14.3
|Aug low C = 13.9
|Sep low C = 10.0
|Oct low C = 5.1
|Nov low C = 1.3
|Dec low C = −1.9
|year low C = 
| Jan avg record low C = -15.3
| Feb avg record low C = -15.4
| Mar avg record low C = -11.8
| Apr avg record low C = -4.0
| May avg record low C = 0.4
| Jun avg record low C = 5.9
| Jul avg record low C = 10.0
| Aug avg record low C = 9.2
| Sep avg record low C = 4.1
| Oct avg record low C = -2.0
| Nov avg record low C = -5.6
| Dec avg record low C = -10.5
| year avg record low C = -18.5
|Jan record low C = −33.9
|Feb record low C = −35.2
|Mar record low C = −22.8
|Apr record low C = −16.0
|May record low C = −3.4
|Jun record low C = 2.5
|Jul record low C = 4.6
|Aug record low C = 4.5
|Sep record low C = −2.4
|Oct record low C = −9.2
|Nov record low C = −14.9
|Dec record low C = −31.3
|year record low C = 
|precipitation colour= green
|Jan precipitation mm = 55
|Feb precipitation mm = 36
|Mar precipitation mm = 39
|Apr precipitation mm = 30
|May precipitation mm = 35
|Jun precipitation mm = 45
|Jul precipitation mm = 51
|Aug precipitation mm = 79
|Sep precipitation mm = 55
|Oct precipitation mm = 75
|Nov precipitation mm = 72
|Dec precipitation mm = 62
|year precipitation mm = 634
|Jan rain days=18
|Feb rain days=14
|Mar rain days=14
|Apr rain days=11
|May rain days=10
|Jun rain days=11
|Jul rain days=11
|Aug rain days=14
|Sep rain days=14
|Oct rain days=17
|Nov rain days=17
|Dec rain days=18
|year rain days=
|unit rain days=0.1 mm
|source 1 = FMI climatological normals for Finland 1991&ndash;2020<ref>{{cite web |title=FMI normals 1991-2020 |url=https://www.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/ilmastollinen-vertailukausi |access-date=5 February 2024|publisher=fmi.fi|language=fi}}</ref>
|source 2 = record highs and lows<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://kilotavu.com/asema-taulukko.php?asema=100953
| title = FMI open data
| publisher = FMI
| access-date = 5 February 2024}}</ref>}}

{{Weather box
|location = Hanko Tulliniemi (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1993–present)
|collapsed = Yes
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan record high C = 7.6
|Feb record high C = 8.4
|Mar record high C = 11.4
|Apr record high C = 18.1
|May record high C = 24.6
|Jun record high C = 27.9
|Jul record high C = 28.9
|Aug record high C = 27.6
|Sep record high C = 22.5
|Oct record high C = 16.5
|Nov record high C = 12.9
|Dec record high C = 8.9
|year record high C = 28.9
|Jan high C = 0.1
|Feb high C = -0.9
|Mar high C = 1.3
|Apr high C = 5.9
|May high C = 11.5
|Jun high C = 16.2
|Jul high C = 20.1
|Aug high C = 19.5
|Sep high C = 15.1
|Oct high C = 9.7
|Nov high C = 5.4
|Dec high C = 2.4
|year high C = 8.9
|Jan mean C = -1.5
|Feb mean C = -2.7
|Mar mean C = -0.5
|Apr mean C = 3.3
|May mean C = 8.5
|Jun mean C = 13.5
|Jul mean C = 17.4
|Aug mean C = 17.2
|Sep mean C = 13.2
|Oct mean C = 8.0
|Nov mean C = 3.8
|Dec mean C = 1.0
|year mean C = 6.8
|Jan low C = -3.9
|Feb low C = -4.9
|Mar low C = -3.0
|Apr low C = 1.3
|May low C = 6.2
|Jun low C = 11.5
|Jul low C = 15.4
|Aug low C = 15.3
|Sep low C = 11.4
|Oct low C = 6.4
|Nov low C = 2.2
|Dec low C = -1.1
|year low C = 4.7
|Jan record low C = -25.4
|Feb record low C = -22.7
|Mar record low C = -17.2
|Apr record low C = -8.9
|May record low C = -1.4
|Jun record low C = 4.8
|Jul record low C = 9.9
|Aug record low C = 7.9
|Sep record low C = 2.8
|Oct record low C = -5.0
|Nov record low C = -13.1
|Dec record low C = -22.3
|year record low C = -25.4
| source 2 = Record highs and lows<ref>{{cite web
| url = https://kilotavu.com/fmi-tilastot.php?taulukkomoodi=true
| title = FMI open data
| publisher = FMI
| access-date = 6 July 2025}}</ref>
| source = FMI normals 1991-2020<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ilmatieteenlaitos.fi/1991-2020-lampotilatilastot |title=FMI normals 1991-2020|publisher=fmi.fi |access-date= 22 October 2023}}</ref>
}}

==History==
[[File:Russian Cast Iron Mortar from the Crimean War.jpg|thumb|This Russian cast-iron [[Mortar (weapon)|mortar]] was captured at Hanko by the [[Royal Navy]] during the [[Crimean War]]]]
[[File:Emigmonument.jpg|thumb|150px|The emigrants' memorial statue.]]
The site was already known by sailors in the 15th century. [[Petroglyphs]] from that time are carved into the rock at the ''{{lang|fi|Hauensuoli}}'' ({{langx|sv|Gäddtarmen}}, {{langx|en|Pike's Gut}}) island.

Hanko has a long history of wars and battles. The [[Battle of Gangut]] between [[Swedish Navy|Swedish]] and [[Imperial Russian Navy|Russian]] navies was fought in 1714 in the archipelago north of the peninsula. The battle was the first-ever victory of the [[Imperial Russia|Russian]] regular fleet.

The [[fortification]] works on the Hanko Peninsula had already been started by the end of the 18th century, when the Swedish constructed three separate forts on the outlying islands. The forts were taken over by [[Russia]] in 1809, and were later bombarded by the [[Royal Navy]] during the [[Crimean War]] and were eventually blown up during the hostilities by their own defenders.

The city was founded in 1874,<ref>{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Hangö |volume=12 |page=918}}</ref> soon after the [[Hanko-Hyvinkää railway]] was inaugurated in 1872. The Imperial Charter for the city was granted by [[Emperor of Russia|Emperor]] [[Alexander II of Russia|Alexander II]].

The Hanko area is suitable for quarrying granite, and in 1886 [[Ab Granit Oy]] (The Granite Company, Ltd.) began to do just that. Hanko granite was exported worldwide, and was used in construction of the [[Ateneum]], the [[Helsinki Central Station]], and other iconic Helsinki buildings, as well as buildings in [[St. Petersburg]] and elsewhere.<ref name=GeotechReport2>{{cite web |url=https://kivi.info/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/The-Hanko-granite-_-a-foundation-stone-for-the-Finnish-stone-industry.pdf |title=Hanko Granite |author=fOlavi Selonen, Paavo Härmä, Andrey Bulakh, Carl Ehlers and Heikki Pirinen |date= |work=Geotechnical Report 2 |publisher=The Finnish Natural Stone Association |accessdate=August 16, 2024}}</ref><ref name=PÖRSSITIEDO>{{cite web |url=https://www.porssitieto.fi/yhtiot/lisaa/granit.shtml |title=Aktiebolaget Granit Osakeyhtiö (Aktiebolaget Granit Limited Liability Company) |author=G. Kock |date= |work=YRITYS- JA PÖRSSIHISTORIAA (Company and Stock History) |accessdate=August 16, 2024 |language=Finnish}}</ref>

In the late 19th and early 20th centuries, Hanko was the port of choice for [[emigrant]]s leaving Finland for a new life in [[North America]]. A memorial statue, showing birds in flight, commemorates this.

In the late 19th century, while Finland was still a [[Grand Duchy of Finland|Grand Duchy]] under [[Russia]], Hanko was a popular [[destination spa|spa]] [[resort]] for the [[Russian nobility]]. Some of the buildings from that period survive, notably the Hanko Casino (which is not a [[gambling]] establishment, but a former banquet hall of the [[destination spa|spa]]). It is currently a restaurant. The Hotel Continental (1901) (now the Hotel Regatta) was designed by architect [[Lars Sonck]] in the notable [[Art Nouveau|Jugendstil]] style of the time; after falling into disrepair, the hotel was restored to its former glory in 2013.

Field Marshal [[Carl Gustaf Emil Mannerheim|C. G. Mannerheim]] owned a [[café]], {{lang|sv|De fyra vindarnas hus}} ({{langx|fi|Neljän Tuulen Tupa}}, {{langx|en|The House of the Four Winds}}), which is still popular among tourists and residents alike.

The [[Bengtskär]] [[lighthouse]], situated {{convert|25|km|abbr=on}} southwest of Hanko, is the tallest ({{convert|52|m|disp=or|abbr=on}}) in the Nordic countries. It was built in 1906 and was the first lighthouse museum in Finland.

===Soviet naval base===
{{See also|Battle of Hanko (1941)|Hanko Naval Base}}
{{More citations needed section|date=May 2014}}
[[File:Långsanda beach in Hanko.jpg|thumb|Långsanda, one of the several beaches in Hanko.]]

In the [[Moscow Peace Treaty (1940)|Moscow Peace Treaty]] that ended the [[Winter War]] on 13 March 1940, Hanko was [[Concession (territory)|leased]] to the [[Soviet Union]] as a [[Hanko Naval Base|naval base]] for a period of 30 years. During the [[Continuation War]], Soviet troops were forced to evacuate Hanko in early December 1941. The Soviet Union renounced the lease formally in the [[Paris peace treaty]] of 1947. As a curiosity, it can be noted that the short Russo-Finnish front across the base of the peninsula on the Finnish side was held in part by [[Volunteering|volunteer]] troops from [[Sweden]]. A museum has been established at this location, among the [[Trench warfare|trenches]] and other remnants of the war.

The role of the Hanko naval base was replaced by [[Porkkala Naval Base|Porkkala]] in the [[Moscow armistice|armistice]] between Finland and the Soviet Union of 19 September 1944. Porkkala was returned to Finland in January 1956.

==Events==
[[File:Hankoo restaurants marina July 10 2005.jpg|thumb|Restaurants by the marina in the busy summer tourist season.]]

The ''Hangon Regatta'' is a traditional fixture on the Finnish social scene, and is the town's main summer event. [[Sailing]] enthusiasts attend to compete, but there are also others, mostly young people, with little or no interest in sailing, who attend only in order to party and drink. The latter constitute the so-called "Regatta tail", which is not appreciated by most of the town's residents.

Other traditional summer activities are the "Tennis Week", the "Sea Horse" riding competitions, the "Summer Theatre" and Hanko Music Festival<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://hankofestival.fi/|title=Hangon Musiikkijuhlat|website=Hangon Musiikkijuhlat}}</ref> events.

Several sandy beaches and a multitude of leisure harbors attract tourists during the summer months. It is precisely because of these factors that Hanko has also been called the "[[Riviera]] of Finland".<ref name="ess">{{cite web|url=https://www.ess.fi/teemat/153426|title=Viileän tyylikäs Hanko pitkine hiekkarantoineen on Suomen Riviera|first=Taina|last=Värri|work=[[Etelä-Suomen Sanomat]]|date=4 August 2018|access-date=3 July 2023|language=fi|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name="ksml">{{cite web|url=https://www.ksml.fi/teemat/2427955|title=Tämä ei ole Solsidan vaan Suomen Riviera, Hanko – kaupunki, jossa matkailija osoitetaan aina rannan suuntaan|first=Taina|last=Värri|work=[[Keskisuomalainen]]|date=5 August 2018|access-date=3 July 2023|language=fi|url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.iltalehti.fi/matkajutut/a/1f36b38d-8c1f-4dc5-b9c2-4d98c6d4d362|title=Suomen Bretagne, Nizza ja Riviera! 12 loistavaa syytä käydä Hangossa|first=Heljä|last=Salonen|work=[[Iltalehti]]|date=29 June 2021|access-date=3 July 2023|language=fi}}</ref>

==Politics==

Results of the [[2023 Finnish parliamentary election]] in Hanko:<ref>{{Cite web |title=2023 Finnish Parliamentary election results in Hanko |url=https://vaalit.yle.fi/ev2023/tulospalvelu/fi/municipalities/78/ |website=vaalit.yle.fi}}</ref>

*[[Social Democratic Party of Finland|Social Democratic Party]]   28.5%
*[[Swedish People's Party of Finland|Swedish People's Party]]   27.6%
*[[Finns Party]]   16.6%
*[[National Coalition Party]]   10.8%
*[[Left Alliance (Finland)|Left Alliance]]   4.1%
*[[Green League]]   3.4%
*[[Movement Now]]   2.8%
*[[Christian Democrats (Finland)|Christian Democrats]]   2.8%
*[[Centre Party (Finland)|Centre Party]]   1.5% 

==Sports==
[[Hangö IK]] sports club was founded in 1903.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.vastranyland.fi/artikel/e7d2b149-3fc7-56b8-8965-5a517eb3961b|title=Hangö IK firar sina 120 år, men festen kom av sig – "Det säger nog litet om dagens läge"|first=Lina|last=Enlund|website=www.vastranyland.fi}}</ref> It is best known for its [[Association football|football]] team which has played one season in the Finnish premier division [[Mestaruussarja]], in [[Mestaruussarja 1962|1962]], and a number of seasons in the second tier [[Ykkönen]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fchik.yhdistysavain.fi/|title=Seura Föreningen|website=FC HIK}}</ref> Their home ground is located at the Rukki Arena.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.hanko.fi/kulttuuri_vapaa-aika_ja_nuoriso/liikunta_ja_urheilu/liikuntapaikat/ulkoliikuntapaikat/hangethe_sportcenter|title=Hangethe Sportcenter|website=Hanko|access-date=2024-01-27|archive-date=2024-01-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240127102044/https://www.hanko.fi/kulttuuri_vapaa-aika_ja_nuoriso/liikunta_ja_urheilu/liikuntapaikat/ulkoliikuntapaikat/hangethe_sportcenter|url-status=dead}}</ref> The club also has activities in [[handball]], [[Sport of athletics|athletics]], [[table tennis]] and [[powerlifting]].{{cn|date=January 2024}}

==Notable people==
* [[Tapio Wirkkala]] (1915–1985), designer and sculptor, was born in Hanko

==International relations==
{{See also|List of twin towns and sister cities in Finland}}

===Twin towns — Sister cities===
Hanko is [[sister city|twinned]] with:

* {{flagicon|DEN}} [[Gentofte Municipality|Gentofte]]
* {{flagicon|EST}} [[Haapsalu]]
* {{flagicon|SWE}} [[Halmstad]]
* {{flagicon|NOR}} [[Stord]]

==See also==
* [[Bromarv]]
* [[Port of Hanko]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons}}
{{Wikisource1911Enc|Hangö}}
{{Wikivoyage|Hanko}}
* [https://hanko.fi/ Town of Hanko] – official website
* [https://museot.fi/searchmuseums/index.php?museo_id=21070 The Front Museum on the Hanko Peninsula], documenting the wartime lease of Hanko to the [[Soviet Union]]
* [https://histdoc.net/history/hanko.html Details about Hanko and Porkkala leased bases, maps]
* [https://www.bengtskar.fi/en/ Bengtskär Lighthouse]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090613043040/http://www.hangonrintama.fi/ The Harparskog-line] Finnish fortification line at Hanko front during World War II.
* [http://www.nortfort.ru/hanko/index_e.html Hanko] and its fortifications.
* [https://www.flickr.com/groups/hanko/ Pictures from Hanko on Flickr]

{{Geographic location
 | Centre = Hanko
 | N  = [[Raseborg]]
 | E  = [[Raseborg]]
 | S  = ''[[Gulf of Finland]]''
 | SW = ''[[Baltic Sea]]''
 | W  = ''[[Archipelago Sea]]''
}}
{{Uusimaa}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Hanko, Finland| ]]
[[Category:1874 establishments in Finland]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Finland]]
[[Category:Grand Duchy of Finland]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in Finland]]
[[Category:Populated places established in 1874]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns in Finland]]
[[Category:Port cities and towns of the Baltic Sea]]
[[Category:Seaside resorts in Finland]]