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{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2023}}
{{Infobox French commune
|name               = Harnes 
|commune status     = [[Communes of France|Commune]]
|image              = Harnes - Vue aérienne de la Centrale et du Rivage.jpg
|caption            = An aerial view in 1920
|image coat of arms = Blason Harnes.svg
|arrondissement     = Lens
|canton             = Harnes
|INSEE              = 62413
|postal code        = 62440
|mayor              = Philippe Duquesnoy<ref>{{cite web|title=Répertoire national des élus: les maires|url=https://www.data.gouv.fr/fr/datasets/r/2876a346-d50c-4911-934e-19ee07b0e503|website=data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises|date=2 December 2020|language=fr}}</ref>
|term               = 2020&ndash;2026
|intercommunality   = [[Communauté d'agglomération de Lens – Liévin|CA Lens-Liévin]]
|coordinates        = {{coord|50.4458|2.9067|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
|elevation m        = 32
|elevation min m    = 20
|elevation max m    = 44
|area km2           = 10.76
|population         = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_total}}
|population date    = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_as_of}}
|population footnotes   = {{France metadata Wikidata|population_footnotes}}
}}

'''Harnes''' ({{IPA|fr|aʁn|-|LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick-Harnes.wav}}) is a [[Communes of France|commune]] in the [[Pas-de-Calais]] [[Departments of France|department]] in the [[Hauts-de-France]] region of [[France]].<ref>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/metadonnees/geographie/commune/62413-harnes INSEE commune file]</ref>

==Geography==
Harnes is an ex-[[coalmining]] and light industrial town situated some {{convert|4|mi|km}} northeast of [[Lens, Pas-de-Calais|Lens]], at the junction of the D162e and the D39. The Lens canal forms much of the southern border of the town and the [[A21 autoroute]] passes by a few yards from the canal.

==History==
First recorded as Hamas, the town was known as Harnis until, in the 12th century, when its present spelling was used. It’s possible that the name comes from the Flemish "Hearn" meaning “Marsh”.

The town was settled during the [[Gallo-Roman]] period, as archaeological finds have proved. In the municipal museum of Harnes, one can see the "treasure of Harnes":  Coins, building materials, urns, vases, spears, iron objects and bones as well as some [[Samian ware]] (red glazed pottery) decorated with eagles, lions, sphinxes etc.

In 1304, Harnes was looted and burned by the [[Flemish people|Flemish]]. Under the [[Counts of Burgundy]], from 1384 to 1482, civil and foreign wars were waged. Fighting, famine, plague and epidemics badly affected the people and prosperity of the region.

In 1438, Harnes was recorded with "31 fires (homes) and 109 inhabitants". The village was so poor that it was exempted from paying taxes.

In 1493, during the reign of [[Philip I of Castile|Philip the Fair]], the Austrians attacked France. They made camp at Harnes and then destroyed the castle.

On 2 November 1789 the National Assembly voted through the law of nationalization of all religious property. The people of Harnes were able to buy all the land that once belonged to the monastery, part of the abbey of St. Pierre at [[Ghent]].

==Population==
{{Historical populations
|source = INSEE<ref name=pophist>[https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/4515315?geo=COM-62413#ancre-POP_T1 Population en historique depuis 1968], INSEE</ref>
|percentages = pagr
|align = none
|graph-pos = right
|1968 |14622
|1975 |13845
|1982 |13996
|1990 |14309
|1999 |13700
|2007 |12922
|2012 |12220
|2017 |12354
}}

==Eco water treatment system==
In the old riverbed of the [[Deûle]]/[[Souchez]] river (long-since drained by the creation of the Lens canal) and on the former mining area, the local authorities have created a landscape whose objective is to supplement the wastewater treatment leaving the [[sewage]] treatment plant at [[Fouquières-les-Lens|Fouquières]] by [[biological]] methods to eliminate pathogens and [[phosphate]]s.
Five successive treatments are employed, involving filtration by [[coppice]]d [[willow]], tanks planted with [[Phragmites|reeds]], [[iris (plant)|iris]], [[Schoenoplectus|bulrush]] etc., oxygenation and exposure to sunlight. The energy needed for pumping the water provided by four [[wind turbine]]s. It takes about one month for the impure water to pass through the cleaning course, before joining the Lens canal.

This project, which took five years to build (1999–2004), was awarded the “Rosa Barba” at the fourth biennial European landscape congress in [[Barcelona]].
.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.communaupole-lenslievin.fr/lagunage.html |title=Lagunage on the website of the Communaupole |access-date=2008-08-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070517190245/http://www.communaupole-lenslievin.fr/lagunage.html |archive-date=2007-05-17 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Main sights==
* The mining museum
* The archaeology and history museum
* Florimond woods
* The “Pont Maudit”, a bridge dating from the 18th century
* The church of St.Martin, dating from the 20th century
* The war memorial

==Twin towns - sister cities==
*{{flagicon|SCO}} [[Loanhead]], Scotland, United Kingdom
*{{flagicon|POL}} [[Gmina Chrzanów, Lesser Poland Voivodeship|Chrzanów]], Poland
*{{flagicon|GER}} [[Falkenstein, Saxony|Falkenstein]], Germany
*{{flagicon|BFA}} [[Kabouda]], Burkina Faso
*{{flagicon|FRA}} [[Vendres]], France

==See also==
*[[Communes of the Pas-de-Calais department]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
* [http://www.ville-harnes.fr/ Official website] {{in lang|fr}}
* [http://www.agglo-lenslievin.fr Website of the Communaupole de Lens-Liévin] {{in lang|fr}}

<br>
{{Pas-de-Calais communes}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Communes of Pas-de-Calais]]
[[Category:Populated places in Artois]]