View source for Harold Prince

{{Short description|American theatre producer and director (1928–2019)}}
{{for multi|the English soccer player|Harry Prince|the fictional character|Prince Hal}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{Infobox person
| image        = Hal Prince LOC.jpg
| caption      = Prince in 1988
| birth_name   = Harold Smith
| birth_date   = {{birth date|1928|1|30}}
| birth_place  = New York City, U.S.<!-- No boroughs or neighborhoods per template instructions -->
| death_date   = {{death date and age|2019|7|31|1928|1|30}}
| death_place  = [[Reykjavík]], Iceland
| other_names  = {{plainlist|
* Hal Prince
* Harold Smith Prince
}}
| occupation   = {{hlist|Theatre director|producer}}
| education    = [[Timothy Dwight School]]
| alma_mater   = [[University of Pennsylvania]]
| spouse       = {{marriage|Judith Chaplin|1962}}
| children     = 2
| years_active = 1955–2019
}}

'''Harold Smith Prince''' (born '''Harold Smith'''; January 30, 1928 – July 31, 2019), commonly known as '''Hal Prince''', was an [[Theater in the United States|American theatre]] director and producer known for his work in [[musical theatre]].

One of the foremost figures in [[Twentieth-century theatre|20th-century theatre]], Prince became associated throughout his career with many of the most noteworthy musicals in [[Broadway theatre|Broadway]] history, including ''[[West Side Story]]'', ''[[Fiddler on the Roof]]'', [[Cabaret (musical)|''Cabaret'']], [[Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street|''Sweeney Todd'']], and ''[[The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)|Phantom of the Opera]]'', the [[List of the longest-running Broadway shows|longest-running show in Broadway history]].<ref name=NYTObit>{{cite news| last=Weber| first=Bruce| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/31/theater/hal-prince-dead.html| title=Hal Prince, 91, Dies; Titan Who Twice Gave Broadway Its Best Run| newspaper=The New York Times| date=August 1, 2019|accessdate = April 20, 2023|page = A1| url-access=limited}}</ref> Many of his productions broke new ground for musical theater, expanding the possibilities of the form by incorporating more serious and political subjects, such as Nazism (''[[Cabaret (musical)|Cabaret]]''), the difficulties of marriage (''[[Company (musical)|Company]]''), and the forcible opening of 19th-century Japan (''[[Pacific Overtures]]'').

Over the span of his career, he garnered a record 21 [[Tony Awards]], including eight for [[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Direction]], eight for producing the year's [[Tony Award for Best Musical|Best Musical]], two as Best Producer of a Musical, and three [[Special Tony Award|Special Awards]].

==Early life==
Prince was born to an affluent family<ref>{{cite news |first=Mark |last=Kennedy |title=Towering Jewish Broadway director and producer Hal Prince dead at 91  |newspaper=[[The Times of Israel]] |location=Jerusalem |date=July 31, 2019 |url=https://www.timesofisrael.com/towering-jewish-broadway-director-and-producer-hal-prince-dead-at-91/ }}</ref> in [[Manhattan]], the son of Blanche ({{née}} Stern) and Harold Smith.<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.familysearch.org/ark:/61903/1:1:24W3-DYY| title=Sign In| website=[[FamilySearch]]| url-access=subscription}}</ref> His family was of [[German Jewish]] descent.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Harold Prince, consummate Broadway impresario, dies at 91|language=en-US|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/obituaries/harold-prince-consummate-broadway-impresario-dies-at-91/2019/07/31/2a7cb570-b3a8-11e9-8949-5f36ff92706e_story.html|access-date=2022-01-10|issn=0190-8286}}</ref><ref name=bloomberg>{{cite news| url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2019-07-31/hal-prince-director-behind-phantom-and-evita-dies-at-91| title=Hal Prince, Director Behind 'Phantom' and 'Evita,' Dies at 91| first=Laurence| last=Arnold| work=[[Bloomberg News]]| date=July 31, 2019}}</ref> He was adopted by his stepfather, Milton A. Prince, a stockbroker.<ref>{{cite web| title=Harold Prince Biography| url=http://www.filmreference.com/film/31/Harold-Prince.html| website=filmreference| access-date=2008-11-25}}</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/12/01/books/review/harold-prince-sense-of-occasion.html| title=Rolling Merrily Along With Hal Prince| newspaper=[[The New York Times]]| last=Jacobs| first=Alexandria| date=December 1, 2017| access-date=July 1, 2018| url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2019-07-31|title=Hal Prince obituary|url=http://www.theguardian.com/stage/2019/jul/31/hal-prince-harold-prince-obituary|access-date=2022-01-10|website=The Guardian|language=en}}</ref> Following his graduation from the [[Dwight School|Franklin School]], later called the Dwight School, in New York, he entered the [[University of Pennsylvania]], where he followed a liberal arts curriculum and graduated in three years at age 19. He later served two years with the [[United States Army]] in post–World War II Germany.<ref name=bloomberg/>

==Career==
Prince began work in the theatre as an assistant stage manager to theatrical producer and director [[George Abbott]]. Along with Abbott, he co-produced ''[[The Pajama Game]]'', which won the 1955 [[Tony Award]] for Best Musical.<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Pajama Game (Broadway, St. James Theatre, 1954)|url=https://playbill.com/production/the-pajama-game-st-james-theatre-vault-0000004209|access-date=2022-01-10|website=Playbill|language=en}}</ref> He received Tony Awards for 1956's ''[[Damn Yankees]]'', 1960's ''[[Fiorello!]]'' and 1963's ''[[A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum]]'', and Tony nominations for 1958's ''[[West Side Story]]'' and ''[[New Girl in Town]]''. He went on to direct and produce his own productions in 1962 beginning with the unsuccessful ''[[A Family Affair (musical)|A Family Affair]]''<ref name=prince1>[http://www.playbill.com/personrolespage/person-role-page?person=00000150-ac7a-d16d-a550-ec7e9b920003# "Harold Prince Broadway"]. ''Playbill Vault''. Retrieved July 31, 2019.</ref> followed by his first critically successful musical, ''[[She Loves Me]]'' (Tony nomination, 1964).

He received a Tony Award for producing ''[[Fiddler on the Roof]]'' (1965) and almost gave up musical theatre before his Tony winning success directing and producing with [[Kander and Ebb]]'s ''[[Cabaret (musical)|Cabaret]]'' in 1966, followed by Kander and Ebb's ''[[Zorba (musical)|Zorba]]'' (Tony nomination, 1969). 1970 marked the start of his greatest creative collaboration, with composer/lyricist [[Stephen Sondheim]]. They had previously worked on ''[[West Side Story (musical)|West Side Story]]''<ref>{{cite web |title=Harold Prince Biography and Interview |website=[[American Academy of Achievement]] |url=https://www.achievement.org/achiever/harold-prince/#interview |date=June 22, 2007}}</ref> and their association spawned a long string of landmark productions, including ''[[Company (musical)|Company]]'' (Tony Award, 1970), ''[[Follies]]'' (Tony Award, 1971), ''[[A Little Night Music]]'' (Tony Award, 1973), ''[[Pacific Overtures]]'' (Tony nomination, 1976), ''[[Side by Side by Sondheim]]'' (Tony nomination, 1977), and ''[[Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street|Sweeney Todd]]'' (Tony Award, 1979).<ref name=prince1/> Following ''[[Merrily We Roll Along (musical)|Merrily We Roll Along]]'' (1981),<ref name=merrily>{{Cite web|title=Merrily We Roll Along (Broadway, Neil Simon Theatre, 1981)|url=https://playbill.com/production/merrily-we-roll-along-alvin-theatre-vault-0000000877|access-date=2022-01-10|website=Playbill|language=en}}</ref> which ran for 16 performances, they parted ways until ''[[Bounce (musical)|Bounce]]'' in 2003.<ref name=prince1/><ref name=latimes>{{cite news| url=https://www.latimes.com/obituaries/story/2019-07-31/hal-prince-dead| title=Hal Prince dies at 91; Broadway giant won 21 Tonys for musicals including 'Cabaret,' 'Phantom'| agency=[[Associated Press]]| newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]| date=July 31, 2019}}</ref>

He received a Tony nomination for directing ''[[On the Twentieth Century]]'' (1978) and won twice for the [[Andrew Lloyd Webber]] musicals ''[[Evita (musical)|Evita]]'' (1980) and ''[[The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)|The Phantom of the Opera]]'' (1988).<ref name="prince1" /><ref name="latimes" /> Between them, Prince was offered the job of directing ''[[Cats (musical)|Cats]]'' by Lloyd Webber but turned it down<ref>{{cite magazine |url=http://www.upenn.edu/gazette/0310/arts04.html |title=Musical Man |magazine=The Pennsylvania Gazette |publisher=[[University of Pennsylvania]] |last=Hughes |first=Samuel |date=March 2010 |access-date=August 1, 2019 |archive-date=August 7, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807154731/https://www.upenn.edu/gazette/0310/arts04.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> and directed ''[[A Doll's Life]]'' (1982) with lyricists [[Betty Comden]] and [[Adolph Green]]. The musical continued the story of [[Nora Helmer]] past what [[Henrik Ibsen]] had written in ''[[A Doll's House]]''. It ran for five performances; ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote, "It was overproduced and overpopulated to the extent that the tiny resolute figure of Nora became lost in the combined mechanics of Broadway and the Industrial Revolution." Broadway wags dubbed the show either "A Doll's Death" or, due to the omnipresent portal out of which Nora slammed in the prologue, "A Door's Life."
<ref>{{cite news| last=Canby| first= Vincent| author-link=Vincent Canby| date=December 22, 1994| url=http://theater.nytimes.com/mem/theater/treview.html?res=9C06E2DE1138F931A15751C1A962958260| title='A Doll's Life', New Look at Hypothetical Future of Ibsen's Nora| newspaper=The New York Times| url-access=subscription}}</ref>

Prince's other commercially unsuccessful musicals included ''[[Grind (musical)|Grind]]'' (Tony nomination, 1985), which closed after 71 performances,<ref>[https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/grind-4369 ''Grind''] ibdb.com. Retrieved July 31, 2019</ref> and ''[[Roza (musical)|Roza]]'' (1987). However, his production of ''The Phantom of the Opera'' eventually became [[List of the longest-running Broadway shows|the longest-running show in Broadway history]].<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-production/the-phantom-of-the-opera-4491| title=The Phantom of the Opera| website=[[Internet Broadway Database]]| access-date=July 31, 2019}}</ref> Prince ultimately stopped producing because he "became more interested in directing".<ref name="prince1" /><ref name="latimes" /> ''[[Kiss of the Spider Woman (musical)|Kiss of the Spider Woman]]'', which he directed in 1993, received the Tony Award for Best Musical. In 1994, Prince became a Kennedy Center Honoree.<ref>{{cite news| date=December 5, 1994| title=Five American Legends of Arts Are Honored: Culture: Musicians, actor and director receive Kennedy Center awards, tributes from dignitaries in a weekend of events in the capital| url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1994-12-05-mn-5276-story.html| access-date=October 26, 2020| first=Aaron| last=Nathans| newspaper=Los Angeles Times| language=en-US| url-access=subscription}}</ref> He received a 1995 Tony Award for directing ''[[Show Boat|Showboat]],'' and was nominated again for 1999's ''[[Parade (musical)|Parade]]''.

In 2000, he was awarded the [[National Medal of Arts]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Harold Prince|url=https://www.arts.gov/honors/medals/harold-prince|access-date=2022-01-10|website=arts.gov|language=en}}</ref> In 2006, Prince was awarded a [[Special Tony Award]] for Lifetime Achievement in the Theatre.<ref>{{Cite web|title=60th Annual Antoinette Perry "Tony" Awards to Be Presented June 11|url=https://playbill.com/article/60th-annual-antoinette-perry-tony-awards-to-be-presented-june-11-com-133089|access-date=2022-01-10|website=Playbill|language=en}}</ref> In 2007, he directed his last original musical on Broadway, ''[[LoveMusik]]'', and on May 20 of that year, he gave the commencement address at [[Gettysburg College]] in [[Gettysburg, Pennsylvania]]. He was presented with the [[Academy of Achievement|American Academy of Achievement's]] Golden Plate Award by awards council member and author [[Toni Morrison]] at a 2007 ceremony in Washington, D.C.<ref>{{cite web|title= Golden Plate Awardees of the American Academy of Achievement |website=achievement.org|publisher=[[American Academy of Achievement]]|url= https://achievement.org/our-history/golden-plate-awards/}}</ref> In 2008 Prince was the keynote speaker at [[Elon University]]'s Convocation for Honors celebration.<ref>[http://www.elon.edu/e-web/academics/elon_college/performing_arts/MarqueeSumm07.pdf "Announcing Our 2007–2008 Season"] ''The Marquee'', Summer, 2007, accessed July 31, 2019.{{dead|date=January 2022}}</ref>

Prince co-directed, with [[Susan Stroman]], the 2010 musical ''[[Paradise Found (musical)|Paradise Found]]''. The musical features the music of [[Johann Strauss II]] as adapted by [[Jonathan Tunick]] with lyrics by Ellen Fitzhugh. The book was written by [[Richard Nelson (playwright)|Richard Nelson]], based on [[Joseph Roth]]'s novel ''The Tale of the 1002nd Night''. The musical premiered at the [[Menier Chocolate Factory]] in London on May 19, 2010 and closed on June 26, and starred [[Mandy Patinkin]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Fick|first=David|date=2009-09-22|title=PARADISE FOUND at the Menier Chocolate Factory|url=https://musicalcyberspace.com/2009/09/22/paradise-found-at-the-menier-chocolate-factory/|access-date=2022-01-10|website=Musical Cyberspace|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Baldwin, Cullum, Hensley and Kaye Will Join Patinkin for London's Paradise Found|url=https://playbill.com/article/baldwin-cullum-hensley-and-kaye-will-join-patinkin-for-londons-paradise-found-com-165971|access-date=2022-01-10|website=Playbill|language=en}}</ref>

A retrospective of Prince's work titled ''[[Prince of Broadway]]'' was co-directed by Prince and [[Susan Stroman]] and presented by [[Umeda Arts Theater]] in Tokyo, Japan in October 2015.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://theatre-orb.com/english/lineup/20151023.html| title=Prince Of Broadway| website=Tokyu Theatre Orb| access-date=2021-01-30}}</ref> The book was written by David Thompson with additional material and orchestrations by [[Jason Robert Brown]]. Prince was slated to direct ''[[The Band's Visit (musical)|The Band's Visit]]'' in 2016 but withdrew due to scheduling conflicts.<ref>{{cite web| last=Chow| first=Andrew R.| date=February 1, 2016| title=Hal Prince Withdraws From 'The Band's Visit,' and David Cromer Will Direct| url=https://artsbeat.blogs.nytimes.com/2016/02/01/hal-prince-withdraws-from-the-bands-visit-and-david-cromer-will-direct/| access-date=2020-10-26| website=ArtsBeat|language=en-US}}</ref> ''Prince of Broadway'' opened in August 2017 at the [[Samuel J. Friedman Theatre]] in New York<ref>{{Cite news|last=Chow|first=Andrew R.|date=2016-12-07|title='Prince of Broadway' Set for Broadway, Finally|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/12/07/theater/prince-of-broadway-set-for-broadway-finally.html|access-date=2022-01-10|issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>Clement, Olivia (December 7, 2016). [http://www.playbill.com/article/prince-of-broadway-announces-broadway-arrival# " 'Prince of Broadway' Will Open on Broadway This Summer"]. ''Playbill''.</ref> with a cast featuring [[Chuck Cooper (actor)|Chuck Cooper]], [[Janet Dacal]], Bryonha Marie Parham, [[Emily Skinner (actress, born 1970)|Emily Skinner]], [[Brandon Uranowitz]], Kaley Ann Voorhees, [[Michael Xavier]], [[Tony Yazbeck]], and [[Karen Ziemba]].<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Stasio|first1=Marilyn|author-link=Marilyn Stasio|date=2017-08-25|title=Broadway Review: Harold Prince Revue 'Prince of Broadway'|url=https://variety.com/2017/legit/reviews/prince-of-broadway-review-harold-prince-musical-1202537080/|access-date=2022-01-10|website=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref>

In addition to musicals, Prince also directed operas<ref name="latimes" /> including [[Josef Tal]]'s ''Ashmedai'',<ref>{{cite news| first=Raymond| last=Ericson| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/11/06/archives/city-opera-brings-back-ashmedai.html| title=City Opera Brings Back "Ashmedai| newspaper=The New York Times| date=November 6, 1977| url-access=subscription}}</ref> Carlisle Floyd's ''[[Willie Stark]]'', Puccini's ''[[Madama Butterfly]]'', and a revival of Bernstein's ''[[Candide (operetta)|Candide]]'' (Tony Award, 1974). In 1983 Prince staged ''[[Turandot]]'' for the [[Vienna State Opera]] (conductor: [[Lorin Maazel]]; with [[José Carreras]] and [[Éva Marton]]).<ref>{{Citation|title=Turandot Vienna 1983 Marton Carreras Ricciarelli|date=September 18, 2018 |url=https://www.operaonvideo.com/turandot-vienna-1983-marton-carreras-ricciarelli/|language=en-US|access-date=2022-01-10}}</ref>

===Legacy===
Prince was the inspiration for [[John Lithgow]]'s character in [[Bob Fosse]]'s film ''[[All That Jazz (film)|All That Jazz]]''.<ref>{{cite news| last=Natale| first=Richard| date=July 31, 2019| title=Harold Prince, Dominant Force in Broadway Musicals, Dies at 91| work=Variety| url=https://variety.com/2019/legit/news/harold-prince-dead-dies-broadway-1203286549/| access-date=July 31, 2019}}</ref> He was also assumed to be the basis of a character in [[Richard Pike Bissell|Richard Bissell]]'s novel ''Say, Darling'', which chronicled Bissell's own experience turning his novel ''[[7½ Cents]]'' into ''The Pajama Game''.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Obscure Recordings: Say, Darling|url=https://www.broadway.com/buzz/10651/obscure-recordings-say-darling/|access-date=2022-01-10|website=Broadway.com|language=en}}</ref>

According to Masterworks Broadway, "besides his achievements as a producer and director, Prince is also known for bringing innovation to the theatrical arts. In collaboration with Stephen Sondheim, he was a pioneer in the development of the 'concept musical,' taking its departure from an idea or theme rather than from a traditional story. Their first project of this kind, ''Company'' (1970), was a solid success and paved the way for other innovative musicals."<ref>{{Cite web|title=Harold Prince|url=https://masterworksbroadway.com/artist/harold-prince/|access-date=2022-01-10|website=The Official Masterworks Broadway Site|language=en-US}}</ref>

According to ''The New York Times'', "He was known, too, for his collaborations with a murderer's row of creative talents, among them the choreographers [[Bob Fosse]], [[Jerome Robbins]], [[Michael Bennett (theater)|Michael Bennett]] and [[Susan Stroman]]; the designers [[Boris Aronson]], [[Eugene Lee (designer)|Eugene Lee]], [[Patricia Zipprodt]] and [[Florence Klotz]]; and the composers [[Leonard Bernstein]], [[John Kander]], [[Stephen Sondheim]] and [[Andrew Lloyd Webber]].<ref name="NYTObit" />"

The Harold Prince Theatre at the [[Annenberg School for Communication at the University of Pennsylvania|Annenberg Center]] of the University of Pennsylvania is named in his honor.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Penn Live Arts: Theatres & Rehearsal Rooms|url=https://pennlivearts.org/rentals/theatres.php|access-date=2022-01-10|website=pennlivearts.org}}</ref>

A documentary titled ''Harold Prince: The Director's Life'' was directed by [[Lonny Price]] and broadcast on [[PBS]] ''Great Performances'' in November 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=PBS Will Air Encore of Harold Prince: The Director's Life|url=https://playbill.com/article/pbs-will-air-encore-of-harold-prince-the-directors-life|access-date=2022-01-10|website=Playbill|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.pbs.org/wnet/gperf/harold-prince-the-directors-life-about-the-film/8928/| title=Harold Prince: The Director's Life| work=[[Great Performances]]| date=October 12, 2018| publisher=[[PBS]]| access-date=January 30, 2021}}</ref>

In 2019, [[The New York Public Library]] for the Performing Arts presented an extensive exhibit honoring the life and work of Harold Prince.<ref>{{cite journal| last=Fierberg| first=Ruthie| date=August 12, 2019| title=Harold Prince Exhibit at the New York Public Library Sets Opening Date and Programming| url=http://www.playbill.com/article/harold-prince-exhibit-at-the-new-york-public-library-sets-opening-date-and-programming| access-date=2020-10-26| journal=Playbill| language=en}}</ref> Prince served as a trustee for the library and on the [[National Council of the Arts]] of the [[National Endowment for the Arts]].<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.kennedy-center.org/artists/p/po-pz/harold-prince/| title=Harold Prince| access-date=2020-10-26| website=Kennedy Center}}</ref> At the behest of [[Lotte Lenya]], whom he cast in ''[[Cabaret (musical)|Cabaret]]'' (1966), Prince also served on the Board of Trustees of The Kurt Weill Foundation for Music and as a judge of their Lotte Lenya Competition.<ref>{{cite web| title=Kurt, Lenya, and Hal Prince| url=https://www.kwf.org/pages/n-kurt-lenya-hal-prince.html| access-date=2020-10-26| website=Kurt Weill Foundation}}</ref>

Andrew Lloyd Webber said: "There isn't anybody working on musical theater on either side of the Atlantic who doesn't owe an enormous debt to this extraordinary man....Hal was very minimalist with his sets. People think of ''Phantom'' as this great big spectacle. That's an illusion. Hal always looked at the show as this big black box in which the stage craft enabled you to believe there was this impressive scenery all around you."<ref name=legacy>{{Cite web|last1=Lang|first1=Brent|date=2019-07-31|title=Hal Prince Remembered: Andrew Lloyd Webber, Joel Grey, Jason Robert Brown Reflect on Theater Giant|url=https://variety.com/2019/legit/news/hal-prince-dies-andrew-lloyd-webber-joel-grey-jason-robert-brown-1203286667/|access-date=2022-01-10|website=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref>

[[Jason Robert Brown]] said: "More than anything else, when I think about Hal, I think about his belief in theater. He believed in what it could do....He thought a lot about the world and the political systems and emotional support systems in it. He was very much a political artist."<ref name=legacy/>

==Personal life==
Prince married Judy Chaplin, daughter of composer and musical director [[Saul Chaplin]], on October 26, 1962. They are parents of Daisy Prince, a director, and Charles Prince, a conductor. Actor [[Alexander Chaplin]], best known for his role as James Hobert on ''[[Spin City]]'', is Prince's son-in-law. At the time of his death, Prince lived in Manhattan and Switzerland.<ref name=NYTObit/>

===Death===
Prince died in [[Reykjavík]], Iceland, on July 31, 2019, at the age of 91, after falling ill while traveling from Switzerland to the United States.<ref name=NYTObit/><ref>{{Cite web|title=Harold Prince, Giant of the Broadway Stage, Dies at 91|url=https://playbill.com/article/harold-prince-giant-of-the-broadway-stage-dies-at-91|access-date=2022-01-10|website=Playbill|language=en}}</ref> Later that day, the marquee lights of Broadway's theaters were dimmed in a traditional gesture of honor.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Broadway Theatres to Dim Marquee Lights in Honor of Harold Prince|url=https://playbill.com/article/broadway-theatres-to-dim-marquee-lights-in-honor-of-harold-prince|access-date=2022-01-10|website=Playbill|language=en}}</ref> A memorial was held at Broadway's [[Majestic Theatre (Broadway)|Majestic Theatre]] on December 16, 2019.<ref>{{cite journal| last=Fierberg| first=Ruthie| date=December 17, 2019| title=Inside Broadway's Harold Prince Memorial| url=http://www.playbill.com/article/inside-broadways-harold-prince-memorial| access-date=October 26, 2020| journal=Playbill| language=en}}</ref>

==Work==

=== Stage productions ===
Source: ''Playbill'' (vault);<ref name=prince1/> Internet Broadway Database<ref name=internet>{{Cite web|title=Harold Prince – Broadway Cast & Staff &#124; IBDB|url=https://www.ibdb.com/broadway-cast-staff/harold-prince-15921|access-date=2022-01-10|website=ibdb.com}}</ref>

{{col-begin}}
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* ''[[Tickets, Please!]]'' (1950) – assistant stage manager
* ''[[Call Me Madam]]'' (1950) – assistant stage manager
* ''[[Wonderful Town]]'' (1953) – stage manager
* ''[[The Pajama Game]]'' (1954) – co-producer
* ''[[Damn Yankees]]'' (1955) – co-producer
* ''[[New Girl in Town]]'' (1957) – co-producer
* ''[[West Side Story]]'' (1957) – co-producer
* ''[[Fiorello!]]'' (1959) – co-producer
* ''[[West Side Story]]'' (1960) – co-producer
* ''[[Tenderloin (musical)|Tenderloin]]'' (1960) – co-producer
* ''They Might Be Giants'' (1961) – co-producer
* ''A Call on Kuprin'' (1961) – producer
* ''[[Take Her, She's Mine]]'' (1961) – producer
* ''[[A Family Affair (musical)|A Family Affair]]'' (1962) – director
* ''[[A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum]]'' (1962) – producer
* ''[[She Loves Me]]'' (1963) – producer, director
* ''[[Fiddler on the Roof]]'' (1964) – producer
* ''[[Baker Street (musical)|Baker Street]]'' (1964) – director
* ''[[Flora, The Red Menace]]'' (1965) – producer
* ''[[It's a Bird...It's a Plane...It's Superman]]'' (1966) – producer, director
* ''[[Cabaret (musical)|Cabaret]]'' (1966) – producer, director
* ''[[Zorba (musical)|Zorba]]'' (1968) – producer, director
* ''[[Company (musical)|Company]]'' (1970) – producer, director
* ''[[Follies]]'' (1971) – producer, director
* ''[[The Great God Brown]]'' (1972) – artistic director
* ''[[Dom Juan|Don Juan]]'' (1972) – artistic director
* ''[[A Little Night Music]]'' (1973) – director, producer
* ''Sondheim: A Musical Tribute'' (1973) – performer
* ''[[The Visit (play)|The Visit]]'' (1973) – director
* ''Chemin de Fer'' (1973) – artistic director
* ''[[Holiday (play)|Holiday]]'' (1973) – artistic director
* ''[[Candide (operetta)|Candide]]'' (1974) – producer, director
* ''[[Love for Love]]'' (1974) – director
* ''[[The Member of the Wedding (play)|The Member of the Wedding]]'' (1975) – artistic director
* ''[[The Rules of the Game]]'' (1974) – artistic director
* ''[[Pacific Overtures]]'' (1976) – producer, director
* ''[[Side by Side by Sondheim]]'' (1977) – producer
* ''Some of My Best Friends'' (1977) – director
* ''[[On the Twentieth Century]]'' (1978) – director
* ''[[Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street|Sweeney Todd]]'' (1979) – director
* ''[[Evita (musical)|Evita]]'' (1979) – director
* ''[[Merrily We Roll Along (musical)|Merrily We Roll Along]]'' (1981) – director
* ''[[Willie Stark]]'' (1981) – director
* ''[[A Doll's Life]]'' (1982) – producer, director
* ''Play Memory'' (1984) – director
* ''[[Diamonds (musical)|Diamonds]]'' (1984) – director
* ''[[Grind (musical)|Grind]]'' (1985) – producer, director
* ''[[The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)|The Phantom of the Opera]]'' (1986) – director
* ''[[Roza (musical)|Roza]]'' (1987) – director
* ''[[Cabaret (musical)#1987 Broadway revival|Cabaret]]'' (1987) – director
* ''Grandchild Of Kings'' (1992) (Off-Broadway) – adaptation (from the stories of [[Seán O'Casey]]) director and adapter<ref>{{cite news| last=Collins| first=Glenn| date=February 13, 1992| title=Harold Prince Bound For Off Off Broadway, And Happy About It: Harold Prince Happily Bound for Off Off Broadway| page=C21| url=https://www.nytimes.com/1992/02/13/theater/harold-prince-bound-for-off-off-broadway-and-happy-about-it.html| newspaper=The New York Times| url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=irish>{{cite web| url=https://irishrep.org/show/1991-1992-season/grandchild-of-kings/?_ga=2.139700787.1883488346.1564600976-206295257.1564600976| title=Grandchild Of Kings| website=[[Irish Repertory Theatre]] (1991–92 Season)| access-date=January 30, 2021}}</ref>
* ''[[Kiss of the Spider Woman (musical)|Kiss of the Spider Woman]]'' (1993) – director
* ''[[Show Boat]]'' (1994) – director
* ''The Petrified Prince'' (1994) Off-Broadway – director<ref>{{Cite web|title=The Petrified Prince|url=http://www.iobdb.com/Production/730|access-date=2022-01-10|website=iobdb.com}}</ref>
* ''[[Whistle Down the Wind (1996 musical)|Whistle Down the Wind]]'' (1996) Washington, DC<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Harris|first1=Paul|date=1996-12-22|title=Whistle Down the Wind|url=https://variety.com/1996/legit/reviews/whistle-down-the-wind-2-1117436731/|access-date=2022-01-10|website=Variety|language=en-US}}</ref>
* ''[[Candide (operetta)|Candide]]'' (1997) – director
* ''[[Parade (musical)|Parade]]'' (1998) – director, co-conceiver
* ''3hree'' (2000) – supervisor, director (''The Flight of the Lawnchair Man'')<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hal Prince Gives New Talent a Showcase With 3hree|url=https://playbill.com/article/hal-prince-gives-new-talent-a-showcase-with-3hree-com-101458|access-date=2022-01-10|website=Playbill|language=en}}</ref>
* ''[[Hollywood Arms (play)|Hollywood Arms]]'' (2002) – producer, director
* ''[[Road Show (musical)|Bounce]]'' (2003) – director
* ''[[LoveMusik]]'' (2007) – director
* ''[[Paradise Found (musical)|Paradise Found]]'' (2010) – director
* ''[[Prince of Broadway]]'' (2015) – director
{{col-end}}

===Filmography===
* ''[[Something for Everyone]]'' (1970) – director<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/90754/something-for-everyone| title=Something for Everyone| website=[[Turner Classic Movies]]| access-date=July 31, 2019}}</ref>
* ''[[A Little Night Music (film)|A Little Night Music]]'' (1977) – director<ref>{{cite web| url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/81568/a-little-night-music| title=A Little Night Music| website=Turner Classic Movies| access-date=July 31, 2019}}</ref>

==Awards and nominations==
Sources: ''Playbill'' (vault);<ref name=prince1/> Internet Broadway Database;<ref name=internet/> ''Los Angeles Times''<ref name=latimes/>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
!Year
!Award 
!Category
!Work
!Result
|-
|1955
|rowspan=16|[[Tony Award]]
|rowspan=6|[[Tony Award for Best Musical|Best Musical]]
|''[[The Pajama Game]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|1956
|''[[Damn Yankees]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=2|1958
|''[[West Side Story]]''
|{{nom}}
|-
|''[[New Girl in Town]]''
|{{nom}}
|-
|1960
|''[[Fiorello!]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=2|1963
|rowspan=2|''[[A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|Best Producer of a Musical
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=3|1964
|[[Tony Award for Best Musical|Best Musical]]
|rowspan=3|''[[She Loves Me]]''
|{{nom}}
|-
|[[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Best Direction of a Musical]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|Best Producer of a Musical
|{{nom}}
|-
|rowspan=2|1965
|[[Tony Award for Best Musical|Best Musical]]
|rowspan=2|''[[Fiddler on the Roof]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|Best Producer of a Musical
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=2|1967
|[[Tony Award for Best Musical|Best Musical]]
|rowspan=2|''[[Cabaret (musical)|Cabaret]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|[[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Best Direction of a Musical]]
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=2|1969
|[[Tony Award for Best Musical|Best Musical]]
|rowspan=2|''[[Zorba (musical)|Zorba]]''
|{{nom}}
|-
|[[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Best Direction of a Musical]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|1970
|[[Drama Desk Award]]
|[[Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director of a Musical|Outstanding Director of a Musical]]
|rowspan=3|''[[Company (musical)|Company]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=3|1971
|rowspan=2|[[Tony Award]]
|[[Tony Award for Best Musical|Best Musical]]
|{{won}}
|-
|[[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Best Direction of a Musical]]
|{{won}}
|-
|[[Drama Desk Award]]
|[[Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director|Outstanding Director]]
|rowspan=3|''[[Follies]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=3|1972
|rowspan=5|[[Tony Award]]
|[[Tony Award for Best Musical|Best Musical]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|[[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Best Direction of a Musical]]
|{{won}}
|-
|[[Special Tony Award]]
|''[[Fiddler on the Roof]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=4|1973 
|[[Tony Award for Best Musical|Best Musical]]
|rowspan=3|''[[A Little Night Music]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|[[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Best Direction of a Musical]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Drama Desk Award]]
|rowspan=2|[[Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director|Outstanding Director]]
|{{won}}
|-
|''[[The Great God Brown]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=4|1974
|rowspan=2|[[Tony Award]]
|[[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Best Direction of a Musical]]
|rowspan=3|''[[Candide (operetta)|Candide]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|[[Special Tony Award]]
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Drama Desk Award]]
|rowspan=2|[[Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director|Outstanding Director]]
|{{won}}
|-
|''[[The Visit (play)|The Visit]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=3|1976
|rowspan=2|[[Tony Award]]
|[[Tony Award for Best Musical|Best Musical]]
|rowspan=3|''[[Pacific Overtures]]''
|{{nom}}
|-
|[[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Best Direction of a Musical]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|[[Drama Desk Award]]
|[[Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director of a Musical|Outstanding Director of a Musical]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|1977
|rowspan=3|[[Tony Award]]
|[[Tony Award for Best Musical|Best Musical]]
|''[[Side by Side by Sondheim]]''
|{{nom}}
|-
|1978
|rowspan=2|[[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Best Direction of a Musical]]
|''[[On the Twentieth Century]]''
|{{nom}}
|-
|rowspan=2|1979
|rowspan=2|''[[Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street|Sweeney Todd]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|[[Drama Desk Award]]
|[[Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director of a Musical|Outstanding Director of a Musical]]
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=2|1980
|[[Tony Award]]
|[[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Best Direction of a Musical]]
|rowspan=2|''[[Evita (musical)|Evita]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|[[Drama Desk Award]]
|[[Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director of a Musical|Outstanding Director of a Musical]]
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=2|1985
|rowspan=3|[[Tony Award]]
|[[Tony Award for Best Musical|Best Musical]]
|rowspan=2|''[[Grind (musical)|Grind]]''
|{{nom}}
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Best Direction of a Musical]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|rowspan=3|1988
|rowspan=2|''[[The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)|The Phantom of the Opera]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=2|[[Drama Desk Award]]
|rowspan=2|[[Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director of a Musical|Outstanding Director of a Musical]]
|{{won}}
|-
|''[[Cabaret (musical)|Cabaret]]''
|{{nom}}
|-
|1992
|[[Outer Critics Circle Award]]<ref name=irish/>
|Outstanding Director
|''Grandchild of Kings''
|{{nom}}
|-
|1993
|rowspan=2|[[Tony Award]]
|rowspan=2|[[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Best Direction of a Musical]]
|''[[Kiss of the Spider Woman (musical)|Kiss of the Spider Woman]]''
|{{nom}}
|-
|rowspan=3|1995
|rowspan=3|''[[Show Boat]]''
|{{won}}
|-
|[[Drama Desk Award]]
|[[Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director of a Musical|Outstanding Director of a Musical]]
|{{won}}
|-
|[[Outer Critics Circle Award]]
|Outstanding Director of a Musical
|{{won}}
|-
|rowspan=2|1999
|[[Tony Award]]
|[[Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical|Best Direction of a Musical]]
|rowspan=2|''[[Parade (musical)|Parade]]''
|{{nom}}
|-
|[[Drama Desk Award]]
|[[Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director of a Musical|Outstanding Director of a Musical]]
|{{nom}}
|-
|2006
|[[Tony Award]]
|[[Special Tony Award|Lifetime Achievement Award]] 
|{{n/a}}
|{{won}}
|-
|2007
|[[Drama Desk Award]]
|[[Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Director of a Musical|Outstanding Director of a Musical]]
|''[[LoveMusik]]''
|{{nom}}
|}

==Bibliography==
*Prince, Harold, ''Contradictions: Notes on Twenty-six Years in the Theatre'', Dodd, Mead {{ISBN|0-396-07019-1}} (1974 autobiography)
*Prince, Harold (1993), ''Grandchild of Kings'', Samuel French
*Hirsch, Foster (1989, rev 2005), ''Harold Prince and the American Musical Theatre'', Applause Books, (with Prince providing extensive interviews and the foreword), {{ISBN|1-5578-3617-5}}
*Ilson, Carol (1989), ''Harold Prince: From Pajama Game To Phantom of the Opera And Beyond'', Cambridge University Press, {{ISBN|0-8357-1961-8}}
*Ilson, Carol (2000), ''Harold Prince: A Director's Journey'', Limelight Series, Hal Leonard Corporation {{ISBN|0-8791-0296-9}}
*Napoleon, Davi, ''[[Chelsea on the Edge: The Adventures of an American Theater]],'' Iowa State University Press (Includes a preface by Prince and a full chapter about the production of ''Candide'')
*Brunet, Daniel; Angel Esquivel Rios, Miguel; and Geraths, Armin (2006), ''Creating the "New Musical": Harold Prince in Berlin'', Peter Lang Publishing
*Thelen, Lawrence (1999), ''The Show Makers: Great Directors of the American Musical Theatre'', Routledge
*Guernsey, Otis L. (Editor) (1985), ''Broadway Song and Story: Playwrights/Lyricists/Composers Discuss Their Hits'', Dodd Mead

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{IBDB name|15921}}
*{{Playbill person}}
*{{iobdb name|6729}}
*{{IMDb name|697660}}
*{{C-SPAN|1010278}}
*{{Charlie Rose view|3518}}
*{{NYTtopic|people/p/harold_prince}}
*[https://soundcloud.com/american-theatre-wing/episode-200 Harold Prince ''Downstage Center'' interview] at [[American Theatre Wing]].org, May 2008
*[http://www.nypl.org/archives/82571 Harold Prince papers, 1954–1999], held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, [[New York Public Library for the Performing Arts]]
*[https://hdl.loc.gov/loc.music/eadmus.mu014005 Harold Prince papers] at the [[Library of Congress]]
*[http://archives.nypl.org/the/18670 Ruth Mitchell papers, 1887–1999 (bulk 1946–1999)], held by the Billy Rose Theatre Division, [[New York Public Library for the Performing Arts]]
*[http://archives.nypl.org/mus/20328 Harold Prince scores, 1955–1983], held by the Music Division, [[New York Public Library for the Performing Arts]]
*[http://www.bruceduffie.com/prince.html Interview with Harold Prince] by Bruce Duffie, November 11, 1982

{{Navboxes
|title = Awards for Harold Prince
|list =
{{DramaDesk Director}}
{{DramaDesk MusicalDirection 1975–2000}}
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{{National Medal of Arts recipients 2000s}}
{{Special Tony Award}}
{{TonyAward MusicalDirection}}
}}

{{Authority control}}

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