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{{short description|Portuguese dynasty}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2024}}
{{Infobox Family
| surname = Most Serene House of Braganza<br/>Sereníssima Casa de Bragança
| parent house = [[Portuguese House of Burgundy]] <br/> by way of the [[House of Aviz]]
| coat_of_arms = Coat of arms of the House of Braganza.svg
| coat_of_arms_size = 135px
| coat_of_arms_caption = Coat of arms of the House of Braganza. 
| country =
* {{flag|Kingdom of Portugal}}
* {{flag|Empire of Brazil}}
*[[File:Flag of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves (1815-1825).svg|22px]] [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]]
| titles = {{Collapsible list
 | expand = 
 | framestyle = 
 | titlestyle = 
 | title = 
 | liststyle = 
 | hlist = 
 | bullets = 
| [[List of monarchs of Brazil|Emperor of Brazil]]
| [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves|King of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]]
| [[list of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal]]
| [[Kingdom of Brazil|King of Brazil]]
| [[Kingdom of the Algarve|King of the Algarve]]
| [[Prince Imperial of Brazil]]
| [[Prince Royal of Portugal|Prince Royal of United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]]
| [[Prince Royal of Portugal|Prince Royal of Portugal and the Algarves]]
| [[Prince of Brazil]]
| [[Prince of Beira]]
| [[Prince of Grão-Pará]]
| [[Prince of Brazil (Brazil)|Prince of Brazil]]
| [[Prince of Portugal]]
| [[Infante of Portugal]]
| [[Duke of Braganza]]
| [[Duke of Guimarães]]
| [[Duke of Barcelos]]
| [[Duke of Porto]]
| [[Duke of Beja]]
| [[Dukes of Viseu]]
| [[Duke of Coimbra]]
| [[Marquis of Vila Viçosa]]
| [[Afonso of Braganza, 1st Marquis of Valença|Marquis of Valença]]
| [[João, Marquis of Montemor-o-Novo|Marquis of Montemor-o-Novo]]
| Marquis of Frechilla and Villarramiel
| [[Count of Guimarães]]
| [[Count of Barcelos]]
| [[Count of Arraiolos]]
| [[Count of Ourém]]
| [[Count of Neiva]]
| [[Count of Faro]]
| Count of Faria
}}
| current head = [[Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza]]
| founder = [[Afonso I, Duke of Braganza]]
| final ruler = <div style="font-size:90%">United Kingdom of Portugal,<br>Brazil and the Algarves:</div> [[John VI of Portugal|John VI]] (1822)
<div style="font-size:90%">Kingdom of Portugal:</div> [[Manuel II of Portugal|Manuel II]] (1910)
<div style="font-size:90%">Empire of Brazil:</div> [[Pedro II of Brazil|Pedro II]] (1889)
| founding year = {{Start date and age|1442|12|30|df=y}}
| deposition = <div style="font-size:90%">Kingdom of Portugal:</div> [[5 October 1910 revolution|1910 Implementation of the Republic]]
<div style="font-size:90%">Empire of Brazil:</div> [[Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil)|1889 Proclamation of the Republic]]
| cadet branches = Agnatic:
*[[Duke of Lafões|House of Lafões]]
*[[Marquis of Valença|House of Valença]]
*[[Duke of Cadaval|House of Cadaval]]
*{{ill|House of Melo de Portugal|es|Casa de Melo de Portugal}}
*[[Duke of Saldanha|House of Carvalho and Saldanha]]
Non-agnatic:
*[[House of Bourbon-Braganza]] (Spain)
*[[House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]] (Portugal)
*[[House of Orléans-Braganza]] (Brazil)
*[[Saxe-Coburg and Braganza branch|House of Saxe-Coburg and Braganza]] (Brazil)
}}

The '''Most Serene House of Braganza''' ({{langx|pt|Sereníssima Casa de Bragança}}), also known as the '''Brigantine dynasty''' (''dinastia Brigantina''), is a [[dynasty]] of emperors, kings, princes, and dukes of [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] origin which reigned in [[Europe]] and the [[Americas]].

The house was founded by [[Afonso I, Duke of Braganza|Afonso I, 1st Duke of Braganza]], illegitimate son of King [[John I of Portugal]] of the [[House of Aviz]], and would eventually grow into one of the wealthiest and most powerful noble houses of [[Iberian Peninsula|Iberia]] during the [[Portuguese Renaissance|Renaissance]] period.{{sfn|Marques|1976|pages=88-89}}{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=67}} The Braganzas came to rule the [[Kingdom of Portugal]] and [[Kingdom of the Algarves|the Algarves]] after successfully deposing the [[Philippine Dynasty]] in the [[Portuguese Restoration War|Restoration War]], resulting in the [[Duke of Braganza]] becoming King [[John IV of Portugal]], in 1640.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=69–76}} The Braganzas ruled Portugal and the [[Portuguese Empire]] from 1640 and with the creation of the [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]], in 1815, and the subsequent independence of the [[Empire of Brazil]], in 1822, the Braganzas came to rule as the [[List of monarchs of Brazil|monarchs of Brazil]].{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=189–202}}

The House of Braganza produced 15 [[List of Portuguese monarchs|Portuguese monarchs]] and all four [[List of Brazilian monarchs|Brazilian monarchs]], numerous consorts to various European kingdoms, such as [[Catherine of Braganza]] (wife of [[Charles II of England]] who introduced [[tea]] to Britain) and [[Maria Isabel of Braganza]] (wife of [[Ferdinand VII of Spain]] who founded the [[Museo del Prado|El Prado Museum]]), as well as sometime candidates for the thrones of Poland and Greece, [[Infante Manuel, Count of Ourém]] and [[Pedro I of Brazil|Pedro, Duke of Braganza]], respectively, and numerous other notable figures in the histories of Europe and the Americas. The Braganzas were deposed from their thrones in Europe and the Americas at the turn of the 19th–20th centuries, when [[Pedro II of Brazil|Emperor Pedro II]] was [[Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil)|deposed in Brazil]], in 1889,{{sfn|Newitt|2019|page=318}} and when [[Manuel II of Portugal|King Manuel II]] was [[5 October 1910 revolution|deposed in Portugal]], in 1910.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=39, 291}}

== Feudal establishment ==
[[File:Afonso first Duke of Braganza.jpg|thumb|left|[[Afonso I, Duke of Braganza|Afonso I]], first [[Duke of Braganza]] and founder of the House of Braganza]]
[[File:D. Isabel de Barcelos (1402-1465) - Genealogia de D. Manuel Pereira, 3.º conde da Feira (1534).png|thumb|left|[[Isabel of Barcelos|Isabel of Braganza]] was the first to intermarry with the royal family, as wife of [[John, Constable of Portugal|Infante João, Constable of Portugal]].]]
The House of Braganza originated with [[Afonso I, Duke of Braganza|Afonso I]], an illegitimate son of King [[John I of Portugal]], founder of the [[House of Aviz]], and Inês Pires.{{sfn|McMurdo|1889a|p=352}}{{efn|name=Inês Pires}} Though Afonso was illegitimate, his father valued and cared for him a great deal, demonstrated by his arrangement of Afonso's marriage to [[Beatriz Pereira de Alvim]], daughter of [[Nuno Álvares Pereira]],{{sfn|McMurdo|1889a|page= 235}} Portugal's most important general and a personal friend of King John I.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=67}} As well as increasing his social status by his marriage into a well-established house, Afonso was also ceded the title of [[Count of Barcelos]].{{sfn|McMurdo|1889a|p=352}}

With his newly consolidated place in the [[Portuguese nobility|nobility of Portugal]], Afonso commenced what would be a highly successful political and social career. In 1415 he took part in the [[Conquest of Ceuta]], alongside his father, his brothers, and the leading members of the nobility and military. By the time of his father's death in 1433, Afonso had won favour with his brother, King [[Duarte I of Portugal|Duarte I]] and the rest of high Portuguese society. With his brother's premature death in 1438, a regency was established for Afonso's nephew, the 6&nbsp;year old King [[Afonso V of Portugal|Afonso V]], under the leadership of the king's mother, [[Eleanor of Aragon, Queen of Portugal|Leonor of Aragon]], and later Afonso's brother, [[Infante Pedro, Duke of Coimbra]]. The Duke of Coimbra's regency, however, soon proved unpopular and Afonso quickly became the King's preferred advisor. On 30 December 1442, the Duke of Coimbra, still the King's regent and thus acting in his name, created Afonso as the [[Duke of Braganza]],{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=67}}{{sfn|McMurdo|1889a|p=470}} as a gesture of good will and reconciliation between the two brothers. Afonso's elevation to the dukedom, the highest level of nobility, marked the foundation of the House of Braganza, which was to become a key family in Portuguese history.

As a result of the hard work and success of Afonso I, his children all secured successful positions and lived privileged lives. Afonso I's first son, [[Afonso of Braganza, 1st Marquis of Valença|Afonso of Braganza]], was a prominent member of the nobility, having been ceded, by his grandfather, Nuno Álvares Pereira, the lucrative and powerful title of [[Count of Ourém]], in 1422. He was an accomplished diplomat, and served as the king's representative at the [[Council of Basel]] in 1436, and the [[Council of Florence]] in 1439. In 1451, the Count of Ourém was made [[Marquis of Valença]] and escorted [[Eleanor of Portugal, Holy Roman Empress|Infanta Leonor of Portugal]] to her husband [[Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor]]. Later, in 1458, he participated in the capture and conquest of [[Alcácer-Ceguer]]. The Marquis of Valença, however, died in 1460, one year before his father and therefore did not succeed him. Afonso I's first daughter, [[Isabel of Braganza, Lady of Reguengos de Monsaraz|Isabel of Braganza]], married [[Infante João, Lord of Reguengos de Monsaraz]], thus relinking the House of Braganza to the Royal House of Portugal.{{sfn|McMurdo|1889a|p=484}} Isabel's strategic marriage proved successful, and produced four children, whose descendants would be some of the most important in Iberian history. Afonso I's last child and successor, [[Fernando I, Duke of Braganza]], continued his legacy of prominence in the military and society.

When Fernando I was born, in 1403, his grandfather, Nuno Álvares Pereira, ceded him the title of [[Count of Arraiolos]]. Fernando became an accomplished military man, participating in various [[Moroccan–Portuguese conflicts|Portuguese imperial campaigns]]. Though Fernando I was a popular and powerful member of the nobility, he did not always find himself in the favour of the king, most notably exemplified when Fernando I openly declaimed King Duarte I, at the [[Portuguese Cortes]], on the topic of the rescue and recovery of the King's brother, [[Ferdinand the Holy Prince|Infante Fernando, Lord of Salvaterra de Magos]] from the Moors. However, Fernando I became a favourite of both the royal and imperial government and of King Afonso V, earning him the position of Governor of Ceuta and the titles of [[Marquis of Vila Viçosa]] and [[Count of Neiva]].

[[File:Paço dos Duques 1.jpg|thumb|250px|right|The [[Palace of the Dukes of Braganza|Palace of the Dukes]], in [[Guimarães]], was [[Family seat|seat]] of the House of Braganza from 1420 until [[Fernando II, Duke of Braganza|Fernando II of Braganza]] was executed for treason by [[John II of Portugal|King João II]] in 1483.]]

Fernando I's children, by his wife, Joana de Castro, Lady of Cadaval, continued to enlarge the influence of the House of Braganza. Of his nine children, all six who survived to adulthood established themselves either through positions or marriages, though the actions of King [[João II of Portugal|João II]] would seek to weaken their influence. Fernando I's first son and successor, [[Fernando II, Duke of Braganza|Fernando II]], was initially a bright and popular nobleman, but his conflict with King João II would see his and the House's downfall. His second son, [[João of Braganza, 1st Marquis of Montemor-o-Novo]], was an accomplished military man and was made [[Constable of Portugal]]. Fernando's third son, Afonso of Braganza, became a popular nobleman of society and was made 1st [[Count of Faro]]. The Duke's fourth son, [[Álvaro of Braganza]], inherited the fiefs of his mother, becoming the 5th Lord of Ferreira, 4th Lord of Cadaval, and 1st Lord of Tentúgal. Fernando's eldest surviving daughter, Beatriz of Braganza, married Pedro de Meneses, 1st [[Marquis of Vila Real]]. Fernando's last surviving child, Guiomar of Braganza, married Henrique de Meneses, 4th [[Count of Viana do Alentejo]]. Ultimately, however, Fernando I's children and grandchildren would suffer great difficulty under the reign of King João II.

By the tenure of the third duke, [[Fernando II, Duke of Braganza|Fernando II]], the House of Braganza was undoubtedly one of the greatest noble houses of Portugal and Iberia as a whole.{{sfn|Marques|1976|page=180}} Fernando II continued the House's legacy of acquisition and gained the title of [[Duke of Guimarães]].{{sfn|McMurdo|1889a|pages=488, 490}} To the Duke and the House's downfall, however, King João II's reign concerned itself with the royal consolidation of power and the diminishment of the nobility.{{sfn|Marques|1976|page=179}}{{sfn|McMurdo|1889b|p=2}}{{sfn|Stephens|1891|pages=159-160}} Fernando II, having been a prominent and powerful nobleman, was accused of treason and executed by King João II in 1483;{{sfn|McMurdo|1889b|pages=13-18}}{{sfn|Stephens|1891|p=162}} the House's titles and properties were merged into the crown and its members exiled to Castile.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=68}}

Due to their father's misfortunes, Fernando II's children, from his marriage to [[Isabella of Viseu|Isabel of Viseu]], daughter of [[Infante Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu|Infante Fernando, Duke of Viseu and Beja]], initially had a tumultuous childhood; but King João II's successor, King [[Manuel I of Portugal|Manuel I]], who had previously himself been the [[Duke of Beja]], chose to forgive the House and re-grant them all their properties in exchange for their loyalty. Fernando II's oldest surviving son and successor, [[Jaime I, Duke of Braganza|Jaime I]], returned to Portugal and reestablished himself at [[Vila Viçosa]],{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=68}} the former seat of the Dukes. Fernando II's only other surviving son, [[Denis of Braganza, Count of Lemos|Dinis of Braganza]], married Beatriz de Castro Osório, Countess of Lemos, and had four children with her.

== Portuguese Renaissance ==
[[File:Jaime I Braganca.jpg|thumb|left|[[Jaime I, Duke of Braganza|Jaime I]] restored the Braganzas' status after his father's execution and built the [[Ducal Palace of Vila Viçosa]].]]
[[File:D. João de Bragança na Entrada em Tânger (Tapeçarias de Pastrana) (cropped).png|thumb|upright|[[João of Braganza, Marquis of Montemor-o-Novo]] led the [[Portuguese conquest of Tangier]] in 1471.]] 
Jaime I's tenure as Duke of Braganza was one of restoration and grandness. Upon his return to Portugal from exile, Jaime took possession of the House's formerly confiscated properties. In order to establish a new image for the House, he ordered the construction of a new seat for the House, which would become one of the largest palaces in Iberia, the [[Ducal Palace of Vila Viçosa]].{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=68}} Jaime I's restoration also continued with the House's relations with the King, Jaime I having becoming a favourite of King Manuel I and even once his temporary heir. The Duke also had his share of scandal, having funded the conquest of the city of [[Azamor]], for the royal crown as, as punishment for his ordering the murder of his first wife, Leonor Pérez de Guzman, daughter of [[Juan Alfonso Pérez de Guzmán, 3rd Duke of Medina Sidonia]].

The children of Jaime I, both the two first children by his first wife, Leonor of Pérez de Guzman, and the later eight children by his second wife, Joana of Mendoça, all saw successful lives under the restored House of Braganza. Jaime I's first daughter, [[Isabella of Braganza, Duchess of Guimarães|Isabel of Braganza]], married [[Infante Edward, 4th Duke of Guimarães|Infante Duarte, Duke of Guimarães]], and had three children, while his first son and successor, [[Teodósio I, Duke of Braganza|Teodósio I]], was a successful prince of the [[Portuguese Renaissance]]. Five of Jaime I's children, Jaime, Maria, Fulgêncio, Teotónio, and Vicência, all entered into religious orders. The Duke's second daughter, Joana of Braganza, married Bernardino de Cardenas, 3rd Marquis of Elche, and his third daughter, Eugénia of Braganza, married Francisco de Melo, 2nd [[Marquis of Ferreira]]. Jaime I's only other son, other than Teodósio I, to not enter into the church, [[Constantino of Braganza]], married Maria de Melo, daughter of D. Rodrigo de Melo, 1st [[Marquis of Ferreira]], but had no children. Constantino was famed as a great officer of the [[Portuguese Empire]], having served as the [[List of governors of Portuguese India|Viceroy of Portuguese India]] and [[List of colonial governors of Cape Verde#Ribeira Grande|Captain of Ribeira Grande]], among other positions.
[[File:ConstantinoBraganca.jpg|thumb|left|[[Constantino of Braganza]] was [[List of governors of Portuguese India|Viceroy of Portuguese India]] and led the [[Portuguese invasion of Jaffna kingdom (1560)|1st Portuguese invasion of Sri Lanka]].]]

The fifth Duke, [[Teodósio I, Duke of Braganza|Teodósio I]], is remembered for being the personification of the [[Portuguese Renaissance]]. A patron of the arts and scholarly noble, Teodósio I maintained the prestige of the House of Braganza, although not leaving a significant mark on the House's history. The Duke notably ceded the Dukedom of Guimarães to [[Infante Edward, 4th Duke of Guimarães|Infante Duarte of Portugal]] as the dowry of his sister, [[Isabella of Braganza, Duchess of Guimarães|Isabel of Braganza]].

Teodósio I's second son, Jaime of Braganza, died fighting alongside King [[Sebastian I of Portugal|Sebastião I]] at the [[Battle of Alcácer Quibir]]. The Duke's only daughter, Isabel of Braganza, married Miguel Luis de Meneses, 1st [[Duke of Caminha]], though their union had no issue. Teodósio I's first child and successor, [[João I, Duke of Braganza|João I]], lived a very different life from Teodósio I's calm and relatively peaceful tenure, having been involved in the controversies of the [[Portuguese succession crisis of 1580]] and the subsequent [[War of the Portuguese Succession]].

[[João I, Duke of Braganza|João I]]'s tenure as Duke was one intertwined with controversy and intrigue. Having been married to [[Catherine, Duchess of Braganza|Infanta Catarina]], daughter of [[Infante Edward, 4th Duke of Guimarães|Infante Duarte, Duke of Guimarães]], and thus a grandchild of King Manuel I, during the succession crisis of 1580, the couple pressed their claims to the Portuguese throne. Though Infanta Catarina was a popular claimant, her [[Philippine Dynasty|Habsburg]] cousin was eventually crowned [[Philip I of Portugal]] and the [[Iberian Union]] was established. In an attempt at reconciliation with the Brigantine House, King Philip I renewed the title of Constable of Portugal, which João I had held previously, to the Duke's first son, [[Teodósio II, Duke of Braganza|Teodósio II]], alongside other title and land grants to the Duke and the House.

João I's daughters, Maria, Serefina, Querubina, and Angélica, were some of the most eligible ladies of Portugal and all Iberia, though the only one to marry was Serefina of Braganza, who married Castilian [[Juan Fernandez Pacheco, 5th Duke of Escalona]]. The Duke's oldest son and successor, Teodósio II, famously fought in the Battle of Alcácer Quibir at the age of ten and later became an accomplished general. João I's second son, Duarte of Braganza, was made 1st Marquis of Frechilla, and the Duke's third son, Alexandre of Braganza, became [[Archbishop of Évora]], both receiving their titles and many concessions from King Philip I when the monarch was making amends with the House of Braganza. Unlike his other sons, João I's last son, Filipe of Braganza, died without marriage, children, or titles.

[[File:Portrait of John, Duke of Braganza c. 1630 (The Royal Castle in Warsaw).png|thumb|right|250px|In 1640, [[John IV of Portugal|John IV]] became the first Braganza to reign as [[list of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal]], starting the [[Portuguese Restoration War]].]]

The seventh Duke, Teodósio II, became famous at a young age, having been made page to King [[Sebastian I of Portugal|Sebastião I]] and having marched into the Battle of Alcácer Quibir,{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=69}} alongside the King and his uncle, Jaime of Braganza, at the age of ten. Teodósio II later pledged his allegiance and became a faithful countryman to the Philippine Dynasty, having even defended [[Lisbon]] against King Philip I's rival claimant to the throne, [[António, Prior of Crato]], who had been acclaimed, by his supporters, as King António I of Portugal. In recognition for his military prowess, Teodósio II was made Constable of Portugal. The Duke's support and service to the Philippine Dynasty, earned the Braganzas more lands and titles and, by 1640, the House had amassed around 80,000 vassals, alongside numerous churches, orders, and institutions under its patronage.{{sfn|McMurdo|1889b|p=363}}

In 1603, Teodósio II married [[Ana de Velasco y Girón]], daughter of Castilian [[Juan Fernández de Velasco, 5th Duke of Frías]], and had four children with her. The Duke's first son and successor, [[João IV of Portugal|João II]], raise the House of Braganza to new heights of power, having launched the [[Portuguese Restoration War]] and been acclaimed King João IV of Portugal, thus installing the House as the ruling dynasty of Portugal. Teodósio II's second son, Duarte of Braganza, was made Lord of Vila do Conde and became a diplomat, serving at the court of [[Ferdinand III, Holy Roman Emperor]], but later died a prisoner as a cost of the Restoration War. Teodósio II's two other children, Alexandre and Catarina, both died without children, titles, or marriage.

== Throne of Portugal ==
[[File:Catherine of Braganza, Queen of England.jpg|thumb|left|Queen [[Catherine of Braganza]], wife of [[Charles II of England]], credited with introducing the [[English people|English]] to [[tea]]-drinking, popular with the [[Portuguese nobility]].]]
By 1640 the wise policies of D. Philip I in respect of Portugal were long past. The country was overtaxed, Portuguese colonies were left unprotected, and the King [[Philip III of Portugal]] no longer had the trust or support of most [[Portuguese nobility]]. He was especially loathed by the powerful Portuguese guild of merchants. Portugal, like the rest of Philip's kingdoms, was on the verge of rebellion.

The eighth Duke of Braganza, D. [[João IV of Portugal|João II of Braganza]], had inherited the claim of his grandmother, Infanta Catarina of Portugal, and the remoter claim through of his grandfather João I of Braganza. Because of his claims, the discontent Portuguese nobility asked João II to lead their restoration as their king.

According to court historians, D. João II was a modest man without particular ambitions to the crown. Legend says that his wife, Dona [[Luisa de Guzmán]], daughter of the duke of Medina-Sidonia, urged him to accept the offer, saying "I'd rather be queen for one day than duchess for a lifetime." He accepted the leadership of the rebellion, which was successful, and was acclaimed João IV of Portugal on 1 December 1640.

After the accession of the Braganzas to the throne, the duchy was linked to the Crown. "Duke of Braganza" became the traditional title of the heir to the throne, together with [[Prince of Brazil]] and, later, [[Prince Royal of Portugal]].

João's accession resulted in the [[Portuguese Restoration War]] with Spain. The sovereignty of Portugal's new dynasty would not be recognized until 1668 during the reign of João's son, Afonso VI.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=47}}

The zenith of the Braganza dynasty came with the long reign of D. [[João V of Portugal|João V]] (1706–1750), who ruled with grandeur and piety.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=118}} The reign of D. [[Joseph I of Portugal|José I]], son of D. João V, was marked by the [[1755 Lisbon earthquake|great earthquake]], which struck [[Lisbon]] in 1755.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p= 153}} The political genius of his reign was the [[Sebastião José de Carvalho e Melo, 1st Marquess of Pombal|1st Marquis of Pombal]].{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p= 137}} The end of the 18th century was characterized by stability, under the rule of Dona [[Maria I of Portugal|Maria I]] (1777–1816), who discharged Pombal at her accession.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=166-170}} Because Maria's recurrent mental illness rendered her incapable of governing, her son [[John VI of Portugal|João]] assumed the role of head of government in 1792.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=173,181}}

== Realm in Brazil ==
[[File:Queen Maria I of Portugal (1734-1816) in an 18th century painting.jpg|thumb|right|[[Maria I of Portugal|Queen Maria I]] became the first [[list of monarchs of Brazil|monarch of Brazil]] with the creation of the [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]] in 1815.]]
In 1807, faced with impending [[Peninsular War|Napoleonic invasion]], the Braganzas [[Transfer of the Portuguese court to Brazil|transferred their royal court]] to the [[State of Brazil]], Portugal's largest colony.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=183-184}} Some time after they had crossed the Atlantic, a royal decree changed the status of Brazil from a Portuguese [[colony]] to a kingdom alongside Portugal,{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=189}} and the [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]] was formed.  D. [[João VI of Portugal|João VI]] succeeded in 1816, and returned to Portugal in 1821.

João VI left his eldest son, D. [[Pedro I of Brazil|Pedro, Prince Royal of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves]], as regent in Brazil. In 1822,  [[Brazilian independence|Brazilian rebels declared independence]] and acclaimed D. Pedro as [[Emperor of Brazil]].{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=202}} D. Pedro I ruled Brazil until 1831, when he abdicated in favor of his young son D. [[Pedro II of Brazil|Pedro II]], and returned to Portugal to aid his daughter D. Maria II (see below).{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=213}}

D. Pedro II, being only six years old at the time of his coronation, had a regency established. The regency rules until 1840, when the Emperor turned 14&nbsp;years old.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=302}} His reign lasted until 1889, when the Brazilian monarchy was abolished. His reign saw [[slavery in Brazil|the abolition of slavery in Brazil]], economic growth, and very long periods of tranquility and development in his empire.

== Warring branches ==
[[File:Dom João, Príncipe Regente, passando revista às tropas na Azambuja - Domingos Sequeira, 1803.png|thumb|left|King-Emperor [[João VI of Portugal|João VI]]'s children split the Braganzas into 3 branches: the [[Brazilian imperial family|Brazilian Imperial]] branch, the Portuguese Constitutional branch, and the exiled [[Miguelist]] branch.]]
In Portugal, D. Pedro I of Brazil became King as D. Pedro IV (1826), but no one wanted to re-establish the union of Portugal and Brazil. Pedro abdicated the Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter Princess [[Maria II of Portugal|Maria da Glória]], then seven years old. D. Pedro's brother D. [[Miguel of Portugal|Miguel]] was to act as Regent, and to marry Maria when she came of age.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=219-220}} In 1828, Miguel instead proclaimed himself King of Portugal and repudiated the liberal constitution granted by D. João VI, trying to establish an [[absolute monarchy]].{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=221-224}}

In 1828, Maria II was forced into exile by her uncle, the new King Miguel I. Her father D. Pedro IV of Portugal returned from Brazil, launched a successful military campaign, from the [[Azores]], against Miguel I.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=213}} He finally defeated and exiled Miguel I in 1834.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=228-229}} Though exiled, Miguel would not give up his claim to the throne and would establish the '''[[Miguelist#The Miguelist branch of the Braganzas|Miguelist branch]]''' of the House of Braganza.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=230}} The strategic marriages of his children to the various royal houses of Europe would earn him the nickname the "Grandfather of Europe" (''see [[Descendants of Miguel I of Portugal]]'').

== First Reign of Brazil ==
[[File:DpedroI-brasil-full.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Emperor-King [[Pedro I of Brazil|Pedro I and IV]] achieved the [[Independence of Brazil|Brazilian independence]] as [[Emperor of Brazil]] and won the [[Liberal Wars]] as [[King of Portugal]].]]
On 7 September 1822, [[Pedro I of Brazil|Dom Pedro of Braganza, Prince Royal of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]], member of the House of Braganza, heir apparent to the Portuguese throne and Regent of the [[Kingdom of Brazil]], declared the country's independence from the [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves]] and was acclaimed [[Emperor of Brazil]]. On 12 October, the prince was acclaimed Pedro I, first Emperor of the newly created Empire of Brazil, a constitutional monarchy. In 1825, signing the [[Treaty of Rio de Janeiro (1825)|treaty of Rio de Janeiro]] of this date, his father, King Dom [[João VI of Portugal|João VI]], recognized the independence of the new state, the former Portuguese dominion, now [[Empire of Brazil]].

Pedro&nbsp;I encountered a number of crises during his reign. A secessionist rebellion in the [[Cisplatine Province]] in early 1825 and the subsequent attempt by the [[United Provinces of the Río de la Plata]] (later [[Argentina]]) to annex Cisplatina led the Empire into the failed [[Cisplatine War]]. In March 1826, João&nbsp;VI died and Pedro&nbsp;I inherited the Portuguese crown, briefly becoming King Pedro&nbsp;IV of Portugal before abdicating in favor of his eldest daughter, [[Maria II of Portugal|Maria II]]. The situation worsened in 1828 when the war in the south ended with Brazil's loss of Cisplatina, which would become the independent republic of [[Uruguay]]. During the same year in Lisbon, Maria&nbsp;II's throne was usurped by [[Miguel I of Portugal|Prince Miguel]], Pedro&nbsp;I's younger brother.

Other difficulties arose when the Empire's parliament opened in 1826. Pedro&nbsp;I, along with a significant percentage of the legislature, argued for an independent judiciary, a popularly elected legislature and a government which would be led by the emperor who held broad executive powers and prerogatives. Others in parliament argued for a similar structure, only with a less influential role for the monarch and the legislative branch being dominant in policy and governance.

The struggle over whether the government would be dominated by the emperor or by the parliament was carried over into debates from 1826 to 1831 on the establishment of the governmental and political structure. Unable to deal with the problems in both Brazil and Portugal simultaneously, the Emperor abdicated on behalf of his son, [[Pedro II of Brazil|Pedro&nbsp;II]], on 7 April 1831 and immediately sailed for Europe to [[Liberal Wars|restore his daughter to her throne]].

== Second Reign of Brazil ==
[[File:Pedro II Admiral Brazil 1870.jpg|thumb|left|[[Pedro II of Brazil|Pedro II]] was the last [[Emperor of Brazil]] after the [[Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil)|Proclamation of the Republic of Brazil]] in 1889.]]
[[File:Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil.jpg|thumb|[[Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil|Isabel of Braganza, Princess Imperial of Brazil]] signed the ''[[Lei Áurea]]'' in 1888, abolishing [[slavery in Brazil]].]]
Pedro I's successor in Brazil was his five-year-old son, Pedro II. As the latter was still a minor, a weak regency was created. The power vacuum resulting from the absence of a ruling monarch as the ultimate arbiter in political disputes led to regional civil wars between local factions. Having inherited an empire on the verge of disintegration, Pedro II, once he was declared of age in 1840, at 14 years old, managed to bring peace and stability to the country, which eventually became an emerging international power. Brazil was victorious in three international conflicts (the [[Platine War]], the [[Uruguayan War]] and the [[Paraguayan War]]) under Pedro II's rule, and the Empire prevailed in several other international disputes and outbreaks of domestic strife. With prosperity and economic development came an influx of European immigration, including Protestants and Jews, although Brazil remained mostly Catholic. Slavery, which had initially been widespread, was restricted by successive legislation until its final abolition in 1888 by [[Isabel of Brazil|Princess Isabel]].

Even though the last four decades of Pedro II's reign were marked by continuous internal peace and economic prosperity, he had no desire to see the monarchy survive beyond his lifetime and made no effort to maintain support for the institution. The next in line to the throne was his daughter Isabel, but neither Pedro II nor the ruling classes considered a female monarch acceptable.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}} Lacking any viable heir, the Empire's political leaders saw no reason to defend the monarchy. Although there was no desire among the majority of Brazilians to change the country's form of government, republicans began pressuring army officers to overthrow the monarchy. After a 58-year reign, on 15 November 1889 the Emperor was overthrown in a sudden [[coup d'état]] led by a clique of military leaders whose goal was the formation of a republic headed by a dictator, forming the [[First Brazilian Republic]]. Throughout the coup Pedro II dismissed all suggestions put forward by politicians and military leaders for quelling the rebellion. The Emperor and his family were exiled to the Portuguese kingdom and France. Although there was significant monarchist reaction after the fall of the Empire,{{citation needed|date=August 2018}} this was thoroughly suppressed, and neither Pedro II nor his daughter and heiress supported a forced restoration.

== Constitutional Kings ==
[[File:SMF Manoel II.jpg|thumb|right|[[Manuel II of Portugal|Manuel II]], last [[King of Portugal]] and the last Braganza to rule as a monarch.]]
In 1836, Queen Maria II of Portugal married Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, later King [[Ferdinand II of Portugal]].{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=233-234, 238}} Despite the tradition of following the custom of patrilineal descent of royal houses, common throughout Europe, Article 5 of the Portuguese constitution of 1826 stated that "''The Reigning Dynasty of the Most Serene House of Braganza Shall Continue in the Person of Lady Princess Maria da Glória, by the Abdication and Cession of Her August Father Lord Pedro I, Emperor of Brazil, Legitimate Heir and Successor of Lord João VI.''".<ref>[http://www.fd.unl.pt/Anexos/Investigacao/1533.pdf Portuguese Constitution of 1826] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161220202311/http://www.fd.unl.pt/Anexos/Investigacao/1533.pdf |date=20 December 2016 }} p. Title 1, Article 5.</ref>

Maria II was succeeded in 1853 by her son D. [[Pedro V of Portugal|Pedro V]], a hard-working reformer who died prematurely in 1861 of [[typhoid fever]].{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=255-259}} D. Pedro V was succeeded by [[Luís I of Portugal|his brother D. Luís]], as D. Pedro V had no children.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=260}}

D. Luís I was succeeded in 1889 by his son, D. [[Carlos I of Portugal|Carlos I]]. Carlos I's popularity dramatically declined after Portugal submitted to the [[1890 British Ultimatum]], and ceded its claim to territories between [[Portuguese West Africa]] and [[Portuguese East Africa]] (as shown in the ''[[Pink Map]]'') to [[British Empire|Britain]].{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=273-274}} Popular anger over submission to the Ultimatum, combined with the [[Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil)|deposition of the Emperor Pedro II of Brazil]], resulted in a rise of republican sentiment in Portugal.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=276-277}}

In 1908, [[Lisbon Regicide|republicans assassinated King Carlos I]] and his eldest son, D. [[Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal|Luís Filipe, Prince Royal]].{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=283}} His younger son, D. [[Manuel II of Portugal|Manuel, Duke of Beja]], survived the attack and became king as Manuel II,{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=286-287}} but was toppled two years later in the [[5 October 1910 revolution|1910 republican revolution]].{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=290-291}} After the revolution, Manuel sought refuge in [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Great Britain]] and showed little inclination towards pursuing a restoration.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=292-293}}

== Modern Braganzas ==
=== Portuguese Braganzas ===
[[File:Jantar dos Conjurados.2008 029 (cropped).jpg|thumb|left|[[Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza]], Head of the House of Braganza and recognized pretender to the [[Crown of Portugal]] since 1976.]]
After the revolution of 1910, King Manuel II settled in England until his death in 1932. He was childless, and descendants of Miguel of Braganza (the usurper of 1826) claimed the throne.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=48}} In 1922, the two (of the now four) branches of the House of Braganza allegedly negotiated an pact under which Manuel II named as his heir [[Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza|Duarte Nuno of Braganza]], grandson of Miguel.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=295}} In 1942, Duarte Nuno, now Duke of Braganza, married a great-granddaughter of Emperor [[Pedro II of Brazil]], uniting the two lines of the House.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=296}} He remained the Braganza pretender until his death in 1976.

In 1950 Portugal repealed the law of exile against the Braganzas,<ref>Law no. 2040 (published in the [[Diário do Governo]] no. 99/1950, Series I of 1950-05-27, p. 323)</ref> and Duarte Nuno moved to the country in 1952.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=296}}

Duarte Nuno was succeeded as pretender by his son, [[Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza|Duarte Pio of Braganza]] (born 1945). Duarte Pio served in the [[Portuguese Armed Forces]] and took the customary oath of allegiance to the Republic, but Portuguese monarchists recognize him as the pretender to the Portuguese throne. In 1995 he married [[Isabel de Herédia]], a Portuguese businesswoman and descendant of [[Francisco Correia de Herédia, 1st Viscount of Ribeira Brava]]<ref name=Nobreza>{{harvnb|Zúquete|1989|p=214}}</ref> (a ''Vitalício'' title,<ref name=Nobreza/> meaning Life peerage). He worked actively in support of the independence of [[East Timor]] from [[Indonesia]].

Duarte Pio and Isabel have three children. Duarte Pio's oldest son is [[Afonso, Prince of Beira|Afonso de Santa Maria]], who bears the traditional titles of [[Prince of Beira]] (as heir apparent to the Portuguese pretender) and [[Duke of Barcelos]] (as heir apparent to the Duke of Braganza).{{citation needed|date=August 2018}} He has a brother Dinis, Duke of Porto, and a sister, Infanta Maria Francisca.
[[File:Dom Bertrand de Orleans e Bragança.jpg|thumb|right|upright|[[Prince Bertrand of Orléans-Braganza]], Head of the [[Brazilian Imperial Family]] since the death of his older brother in 2022.]]
[[Maria Pia de Saxe-Coburgo e Bragança|Maria Pia of Saxe-Coburg and Braganza]], who claimed she was an illegitimate daughter of King Carlos I of Portugal, began asserting that she was the heir to the throne from 1957. Allegedly, she adopted the Italian Rosario Poidimani, transferring her claimed rights to the Portuguese throne to him.

=== Brazilian Braganzas ===

{{main|Brazilian Imperial Family|House of Orléans-Braganza}}
After the military coup of 1889, Emperor Dom Pedro II settled in France until his death in 1891.{{sfn|Newitt|2019|pages=318–319}} His eldest daughter and family went to live in the [[Chateau d'Eu]] in French [[Normandy]]. She was recognized by Brazilian monarchists as Empress-in-Exile as [[Isabel of Brazil|Dona Isabel I of Brazil]] until her death in 1921.

She was succeeded by her grandson, [[Prince Pedro Henrique of Orléans-Braganza]], as [[House of Orléans-Braganza|Head of the Imperial House of Brazil]], and he by his son [[Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza]], who was succeeded by his brother and Current Head [[Bertrand of Orléans-Braganza]].

With the end of the banishment of the Imperial Family in 1920, some princes returned to live in Brazil, while another remained in Europe. After the end of [[World War II]], Prince Pedro Henrique, then Head of the Imperial House and married to [[Princess Maria Elisabeth of Bavaria]], returned to Brazil with his family.

The Imperial House of Brazil divided into rival branches because of the renunciation of [[Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará]] in 1908 and the subsequent repudiation of that act by his descendants.<ref name=post>Podesta, Don. 20 April 1993. [https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1993/04/20/claimants-dream-of-new-brazilian-monarchy/07bcb606-0fd7-442f-bde2-0a90dea5e1df/?noredirect=on Claimants Dream of New Brazilian Monarchy].</ref>

While some members of the two branches of the family subsequently lived in the [[Palácio do Grão-Pará|Grão-Pará Palace]], some married royalty or nobles and have lived in Europe, and others elsewhere in Brazil.<ref name=post/> A [[1993 Brazilian constitutional referendum|1993 referendum]] on restoration of the monarchy was defeated, garnering 13.2 percent of the vote against 66 percent for the republic.<ref>Justiça Eleitoral. [http://www.justicaeleitoral.jus.br/arquivos/plebiscito-de-1993 Resultado Geral do Plebiscito de 1993] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170331122729/http://www.justicaeleitoral.jus.br/arquivos/plebiscito-de-1993 |date=31 March 2017 }}.</ref> Members of both the so-called Petropolis branch of Braganzas (Princes [[Prince Pedro Gastão of Orléans-Braganza|Pedro Gastão]] and his nephew, [[Prince João Maria of Orléans-Braganza|Joazinho of Orléans-Braganza]]) and the more broadly recognised Vassouras line of the Imperial Family led by [[Prince Luiz Gastão of Orléans-Braganza]], participated in the restoration effort,<ref name=post/> and the Head of the Vassouras branch continues to lead a movement to restore the monarchy.{{citation needed|date=August 2018}}

== Braganza dukes and monarchs ==
{{main|List of dukes of Braganza|List of Portuguese monarchs|List of monarchs of Brazil}}
[[File:JoaoIVPortugal.jpg|thumb|upright|[[John IV of Portugal|João II of Braganza]] was the first Braganza [[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal]] as King João IV.]]
[[File:Portrait of Dom Pedro, Duke of Bragança - Google Art Project edited.jpeg|thumb|upright|[[Pedro I of Brazil|Pedro of Braganza]] was [[List of monarchs of Brazil|Emperor of Brazil]] and [[King of Portugal]] as Emperor-King Pedro I and IV.]]

=== Dukes of Braganza (before ascension to the throne) ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width = "30" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Name
!width = "20%" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Became duke
!width = "50%" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Notes
|-
|[[Afonso I, Duke of Braganza|Afonso I of Braganza]]
|1442
|[[Duke of Braganza]]; [[Count of Barcelos]]
|-
|[[Fernando I, Duke of Braganza|Fernando I of Braganza]]
|1461
|[[Duke of Braganza]]; [[Marquis of Vila Viçosa]]
|-
|[[Fernando II, Duke of Braganza|Fernando II of Braganza]]
|1478
|[[Duke of Braganza]]; [[Duke of Guimarães]]
|-
|[[Jaime I, Duke of Braganza|Jaime I of Braganza]]
|1498
|[[Duke of Braganza]]
|-
|[[Teodósio I, Duke of Braganza|Teodósio I of Braganza]]
|1532
|[[Duke of Braganza]]; <br /> ceded Dukedom of Guimarães
|-
|[[João I, Duke of Braganza|João I of Braganza]]
|1563
|[[Duke of Braganza]]; [[Duke of Barcelos]]
|-
|[[Teodósio II, Duke of Braganza|Teodósio II of Braganza]]
|1583
|[[Duke of Braganza]]
|-
|[[John IV of Portugal|João II of Braganza]]
|1630
|[[Duke of Braganza]]; [[Duke of Guimarães]]; <br> first Braganza [[List of Portuguese monarchs|monarch of Portugal]]
|-
|}

=== Monarchs of Portugal ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width = "30%"|Name
!width = "20%"|Became monarch
!width = "50%"|Notes
|-
|[[João IV of Portugal]]
|1640
|King of Portugal and the Algarves; <br/> first Braganza monarch of Portugal
|-
|[[Afonso VI of Portugal]]
|1656
|King of Portugal and the Algarves; <br/> died without heir
|-
|[[Pedro II of Portugal]]
|1683
|King of Portugal and the Algarves; <br/> brother of Afonso VI
|-
|[[João V of Portugal]]
|1706
|King of Portugal and the Algarves
|-
|[[José I of Portugal]]
|1750
|King of Portugal and the Algarves
|-
|[[Maria I of Portugal]] and <br/>[[Pedro III of Portugal]]
|1777
|Queen and King of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves
|-
|[[João VI of Portugal]]
|1816
|King of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves;<br/> Titular Emperor of Brazil
|-
|[[Pedro IV of Portugal]]
|1826
|King of Portugal and the Algarves;<br/> Emperor of Brazil
|-
|[[Maria II of Portugal]]
|1826
|Queen of Portugal and the Algarves; <br/> lost throne to Miguel I in 1828; <br/> regained throne in 1834
|-
|[[Miguel I of Portugal]]
|1828
|King of Portugal and the Algarves; <br/> reigned for 6&nbsp;years; succeeded by Maria II
|-
|[[Pedro V of Portugal]]
|1853
|King of Portugal and the Algarves
|-
|[[Luís I of Portugal]]
|1861
|King of Portugal and the Algarves
|-
|[[Carlos I of Portugal]]
|1889
|King of Portugal and the Algarves;<br/> assassinated in [[Lisbon Regicide]]
|-
|[[Manuel II of Portugal]]
|1908
|King of Portugal and the Algarves; <br/> last monarch of Portugal
|-
|}

=== Monarchs of Brazil ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
!width = "30" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Name
!width = "20%" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Became monarch
!width = "50%" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Notes
|-
|[[Maria I of Portugal|Maria I of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves]]
|1815
|Queen and founder of the [[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves]]
|-
|[[John VI of Portugal|John VI of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves]]
|1816
|King of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves; <br> Titular Emperor of Brazil; last King of Brazil
|-
|[[Pedro I of Brazil]]
|1822
|Emperor of Brazil; proclaimer of [[Brazilian Independence]] <br> King of Portugal and the Algarves
|-
|[[Pedro II of Brazil]]
|1831
|Emperor of Brazil; last Emperor of Brazil
|-
|}

== Symbols ==
=== Wyvern ===
[[File:Sceptre of the Carta Constituicional.jpg|thumb|140px|right|The [[Sceptre of the Dragon]]]]
The traditional symbol and [[Crest (heraldry)|crest]] of the House of Braganza is a green [[wyvern]], commonly taken to be a [[dragon]],<ref name="Barbosa">{{harvnb|Barbosa|1860| p= 167}}</ref><ref>Berry 1828, article: ''America, Independent States of'' (Note: English translation of a decree of Emperor Dom Pedro I of Brazil)</ref><ref>Brazil 1890, p. 3 (Portuguese Royal decree signed by Prince Regent Dom João on 20 January 1813)</ref> representing [[Saint George]],{{sfn|Sousa|1736|p=28}} patron saint of Portugal.

This symbol can be found in many different monuments in Portugal and Brazil, such as the [[Monument to the Independence of Brazil]] in [[São Paulo]] and in the palaces of the Imperial family in [[Rio de Janeiro]] and [[Imperial Museum of Brazil|Petrópolis]]. It is famously found atop the [[Sceptre of the Dragon|Portuguese Crown Sceptre]] and the [[Imperial Sceptre (Brazil)|Sceptre of the Emperor of Brazil]].

The wyvern is also sometimes used as a [[supporter]] in the coat of arms of both the Brazilian and Portuguese branches of the family.

Because of its use in heraldry by the Braganza as the ruling house, and given Pedro IV's link with [[Porto]], a dragon was added to the old coat of arms of the municipality of Porto<ref name="Barbosa"/> and is still a part of [[FC Porto]]'s coat of arms, who are nicknamed "The Dragons".

=== Curse of the Braganzas ===
{{main|Curse of the Braganzas}}

Since the 17th century, the House of Braganza has allegedly suffered from the Curse of the Braganzas ([[Portuguese language|Portuguese]]: ''Maldição dos Braganças''). For supposedly mistreating a [[Franciscan Order|Franciscan]] friar, a curse was purportedly placed on King [[John IV of Portugal|João IV of Portugal]], stating that never again would a first-born male of the Braganza Dynasty live long enough to succeed to the throne.{{citation needed |date=May 2024}} Since the reign of King João IV, only three have reign as monarch in Portugal or Brazil.

Supposed victims of the Curse of the Braganzas:{{sfn|Newitt|2019|p=49}}
{{Columns-list|
*[[Teodósio, Prince of Brazil|Teodósio of Braganza, Prince of Brazil]] (1634–1653) – First-born son of King [[John IV of Portugal|João IV of Portugal]]
*[[João, Prince of Brazil|João of Braganza, Prince of Brazil]] (1688–1688) – First-born son of King [[Peter II of Portugal|Pedro II of Portugal]]
*[[Pedro, Prince of Brazil|Pedro of Braganza, Prince of Brazil]] (1712–1714) – First-born son of King [[John V of Portugal|João V of Portugal]]
*[[José, Prince of Brazil|José of Braganza, Prince of Brazil]] (1761–1788) – First-born son of Queen [[Maria I of Portugal]] and King [[Peter III of Portugal|Pedro III of Portugal]]
*[[Francisco António, Prince of Beira|Francisco António of Braganza, Prince of Beira]] (1795–1801) – First-born son of King [[John VI of Portugal|João VI of Portugal]]
*[[Miguel, Prince of Beira|Miguel of Braganza, Prince of Beira]] (1820) - First-born son of King-Emperor [[Pedro I of Brazil|Pedro I and IV]]
*[[Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil|Afonso of Braganza, Prince Imperial of Brazil]] (1845–1847) – First-born son of Emperor [[Pedro II of Brazil]]
*[[Luís Filipe, Prince Royal of Portugal|Luís Filipe of Braganza, Prince Royal of Portugal]] (1887–1908) – First-born son of King [[Carlos I of Portugal]] 
}}

=== Estates and properties ===
<gallery mode="packed-hover" heights="130" perrow="2">
File:Lisbon, the Palácio Nacional da Ajuda.JPG|[[Ajuda National Palace]], [[Lisbon]]
File:Palacio Belem Lisboa.JPG|[[Belém Palace]], [[Lisbon]]
File:Palace Hotel Buçaco.jpg|[[Buçaco Palace]], [[Buçaco]]
File:Museu Nacional de Soares dos Reis, Porto, Portugal.JPG|[[Palace of the Carrancas]], [[Porto]]
File:Vila Viçosa September 2013-5a.jpg|[[Ducal Palace of Vila Viçosa|Ducal Palace]], [[Vila Viçosa]]
File:Guimarães L1180753 (25096871212).jpg|[[Palace of the Dukes of Braganza|Palace of the Dukes]], [[Guimarães]]
File:Palácio das Necessidades 1997 (cropped).JPG|[[Necessidades Palace]], [[Lisbon]]
File:Museu Imperial 03 (cropped).JPG|[[Imperial Museum of Brazil|Imperial Palace of Petrópolis]], [[Petrópolis]]
File:Mafra (27595630149) (cropped).jpg|[[Mafra National Palace]], [[Mafra, Portugal|Mafra]]
File:Sintra - Palacio da Pena (20332995770) (cropped) (cropped).jpg|[[Pena National Palace]], [[Sintra]]
File:Museu da Quinta.jpg|[[Paço de São Cristóvão]], [[Rio de Janeiro]]
File:Neptune's glory (29838154532).jpg|[[Palace of Queluz]], [[Sintra]]
File:Palácio Guanabara exterior.JPG|[[Guanabara Palace]], [[Rio de Janeiro]]
File:Portugal Sintra RoyalPalace.jpg|[[Sintra National Palace]], [[Sintra]]
File:Pca xv paco imperial (cropped).JPG|[[Paço Imperial]], [[Rio de Janeiro]]
</gallery>

=== Armorial ===
{{see also|List of titles and honours of the Portuguese Crown}}
{| class="wikitable" width="100%"
!width = "4%" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Coat of arms
!width = "10%" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Title
!width = "4%" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Tenure
!width = "4%" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Coat of arms
!width = "10%" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Title
!width = "4%" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Tenure
!width = "4%" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Coat of arms
!width = "10%" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Title
!width = "4%" style="background:#FFDEAD"|Tenure
|-
|[[File:Coat of Arms of the Empire of Brazil (1853-1889).svg|center|70px]]
|style="text-align:center"|[[List of monarchs of Brazil|Emperor of Brazil]]
|style="text-align:center"|1822–1889
|[[File:Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves (1815-1822).png|center|70px]]
|style="text-align:center"|[[United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves|King of the United Kingdom of <br> Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves]]
|style="text-align:center"|1815–1825
|[[File:Coat of Arms of the Kingdom of Portugal 1640-1910 (3).svg|center|90px]]
|style="text-align:center"|[[King of Portugal]]
|style="text-align:center"|1640–1910
|-
|[[File:Kingdom_of_the_Algarve_CoA.svg|center|65px]]
|style="text-align:center"|[[Kingdom of Algarve|King of the Algarves]]
|style="text-align:center"|1640–1910
|[[File:Coat of Arms of the Prince of Portugal (1481-1910).png|center|50px]]
|style="text-align:center"|[[Prince of Portugal]]<br/>[[Prince of Brazil]]<br/>[[Prince Royal of Portugal]]
|style="text-align:center"|1481–present{{efn|name=Duarte Pio}}
|[[File:Coat of Arms of the Prince of Beira (1734-1910).png|center|50px]]
|style="text-align:center"|[[Prince of Beira]]
|style="text-align:center"|1734–present{{efn|name=Afonso de Santa Maria}} 
|-
|[[File:COA_Prince_Imperial_of_Brazil.png|center|75px]]
|style="text-align:center"|[[Prince Imperial of Brazil]]
|style="text-align:center"|1822–1889
|[[File:Duchy of Braganza (1640-1910).png|center|50px]]
|style="text-align:center"|[[Duke of Braganza]]<br/>[[Duke of Guimarães]]<br/>[[Duke of Barcelos]]<br/>[[Marquis of Vila Viçosa]]
|style="text-align:center"|1442–present{{efn|name=Afonso de Santa Maria e Duarte Pio}} 
|[[File:Brasao-Duque-Porto.png|center|60px]]
|style="text-align:center"|[[Duke of Porto]]
|style="text-align:center"|1833–present{{efn|name=Dinis}} 
|-
|[[File:Armas infante dom henrique.png|center|60px]]
|style="text-align:center"|[[Duke of Viseu]]
|style="text-align:center"|1909–present{{efn|name=Viseu}}
|[[File:Armas infante dom pedro.png|center|60px]]
|style="text-align:center"|[[Duke of Coimbra]]
|style="text-align:center"|1847–present{{efn|name=Coimbra}} 
|[[File:Meneses-antigo.png|center|60px]]
|style="text-align:center"|[[Count of Ourém]]<br/>[[Count of Neiva]]<br/>Count of Faria
|style="text-align:center"|1451–present{{efn|name=Duarte Pio}} 
|}

== Genealogy ==
{{See also|Genealogical tree of the monarchs of Portugal}}

=== Ducal line: Afonso I to Teodósio II (1377–1630) ===
Genealogical tree of the House of Braganza, during its ducal period, from origins of its founder, [[Afonso I, Duke of Braganza]], to the issue of its last noble duke, [[Teodósio II, Duke of Braganza]]:
{{Tree chart/start |summary= Braganza }}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | |Pi| | | | | | Pi='''[[Peter I of Portugal|King Pedro I]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal and the Algarve]]</small><br>(1320–1367)<br>[[File:Heraldic Royal Crown of Portugal - Four Arches.svg|30px]]<br>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1248-1385).png|30px]]<br><small>Member of the [[Portuguese House of Burgundy]]</small> |boxstyle_Pi   = background-color: #FFFACD }}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | |!| | | | | | | }}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | |JI| | | | | | JI='''[[John I of Portugal|King João I]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal and the Algarve]]</small><br>(1357–1433)<br>[[File:Heraldic Royal Crown of Portugal - Four Arches.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Brasão de armas do reino de Portugal (1385).svg|30px]]<br><small>Founder of the [[House of Aviz]]</small> |boxstyle_JI   = background-color: #FFFACD }}
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{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | |Ai| | | | | | | | | | |!| Ai='''[[Afonso I, Duke of Braganza|Afonso I]]'''<br><small>1st [[Duke of Braganza]], 8th [[Count of Barcelos]]</small><br>(1377–1461)<br>[[File:Duchy of Braganza (1640-1910).png|35px]]<br><small>Founder of the House of Braganza</small>}}
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{{Tree chart |Av| | | | | |Fi| |Ib|~|~|~|~|y|Jc| | Av=[[Afonso of Braganza, 1st Marquis of Valença|Afonso of Braganza]]<br><small>1st [[Marquis of Valença]]</small><br><small>(1400–1460)</small><br>[[File:Shield of the House of Braganza.png|35px]]|Ib=[[Isabel of Barcelos|Isabel of Braganza]]<br><small>[[Infanta of Portugal]]</small><br><small>(1402–1466)</small><br>[[File:Shield of the House of Braganza.png|35px]] |Jc=[[John, Constable of Portugal|Infante João]]<br><small>[[Constable of Portugal]]</small><br> <small>(1400–1442)</small> <br>[[File:Arms of Prince John of Aviz.svg|40px]] |Fi='''[[Fernando I, Duke of Braganza|Fernando I]]'''<br><small>2nd [[Duke of Braganza]], 1st [[Marquis of Vila Viçosa]]</small><br>(1403–1478)<br>[[File:Duchy of Braganza (1640-1910).png|35px]]}}
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{{Tree chart |cF| |JmM| |Fii| |Alv| |AcF| |BdV| | | BdV= [[Beatriz, Duchess of Viseu|Infanta Beatriz]]<br><small>Duchess of Viseu</small><br><small>(1430–1506)</small><br>[[File:Arms of Prince John of Aviz.svg|40px]] 
|AcF=Afonso of Braganza<br><small>1st [[Count of Faro]]</small><br><small>(1435–1483)</small><br>[[File:Armas condes faro.png|32px]] 
|JmM=[[João of Braganza, Marquis of Montemor-o-Novo|João of Braganza]]<br><small>1st Marquis of Montemor-o-Novo</small><br><small>(1430–1484)</small><br>[[File:Shield of the House of Braganza.png|35px]] 
|Fii='''[[Fernando II, Duke of Braganza|Fernando II]]'''<br><small>3rd [[Duke of Braganza]], 1st [[Duke of Guimarães]]</small><br>(1430–1483)<br>[[File:Duchy of Braganza (1640-1910).png|35px]] 
|Alv=[[Álvaro of Braganza]]<br><small>Lord of Cadaval</small><br><small>(1440–1504)</small><br>[[File:Blason pt Assumar.svg|35px]] |boxstyle_IbFc   = background-color: #F0F8FF |cF= <small>'''From his issue<br>descend the lines of the<br>[[Counts of Vimioso]] and <br>the [[Marquis of Valença|Marquises of Valença]]'''</small> |boxstyle_cF   = background-color: #F0F8FF }}
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{{Tree chart | | | | |DcL| |Ji| |AlvDesc| |AcFDesc| |MI| | |MI='''[[Manuel I of Portugal|King Manuel I]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal and the Algarves]]</small><br>(1469–1521)<br>[[File:Heraldic Royal Crown of Portugal - Four Arches.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]] |boxstyle_MI   = background-color: #FFFACD 
|AcFDesc='''<small>From his issue<br>descend the lines of<br>the [[Counts of Faro]] and <br>the [[Counts of Odemira]]</small>''' |boxstyle_AcFDesc   = background-color: #F0F8FF
|DcL=[[Dinis of Braganza, Count of Lemos|Dinis of Braganza]]<br><small>6th Count of Lemos</small><br><small>(1481–1516)</small><br>[[File:Shield of the House of Braganza.png|35px]] |Ji= '''[[Jaime, Duke of Braganza|Jaime I]]'''<br><small>4th [[Duke of Braganza]], 2nd [[Duke of Guimarães]]</small><br>(1479–1532)<br>[[File:Duchy of Braganza (1640-1910).png|35px]] |AlvDesc=<small>'''From his issue<br>descend the lines of<br>the [[Dukes of Aveiro]] and <br> the [[Duke of Cadaval|House of Cadaval]]'''</small> |boxstyle_AlvDesc   = background-color: #F0F8FF }}
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{{Tree chart |DcLDesc| |IL|y|Ti| |CB| |IdG|y|DdG| IdG= [[Isabel of Braganza, Duchess of Guimarães|Isabel of Braganza]]<br><small>Duchess of Guimarães</small><br><small>(1514–1576)</small><br>[[File:Shield of the House of Braganza.png|35px]] |Ti= '''[[Teodósio I, Duke of Braganza|Teodósio I]]'''<br><small>5th [[Duke of Braganza]], 3rd [[Duke of Guimarães]]</small><br>(1510–1563)<br>[[File:Duchy of Braganza (1640-1910).png|35px]] |CB= [[Constantino of Braganza]]<br><small>[[List of governors of Portuguese India|Viceroy of India]]</small><br><small>(1528–1575)</small><br>[[File:Shield of the House of Braganza.png|35px]] |IL= Isabel of Lencastre<br><small>[[Duchess of Braganza]]</small><br><small>(1513–1558)</small><br>[[File:Shield of the House of Braganza.png|35px]] |DdG=[[Duarte of Portugal, 4th Duke of Guimarães|Infante Duarte]]<br><small>4th [[Duke of Guimarães]]</small><br><small>(1515–1540)</small><br>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|35px]] |DcLDesc=<small>'''From his issue<br>descend the lines of<br>the Counts of Lemos, the [[Dukes of Berwick]],<br>and the [[Duke of Veragua|Dukes of Veragua]] in Spain and<br>the Counts of Santa Cruz, the Marquesses of Gouvêa<br>and the [[Marquess of Lavradio|Marquesses of Lavradio]] in Portugal.'''</small> |boxstyle_DcLDesc   = background-color: #F0F8FF }}
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{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | |Ji|~|~|y|~|~|CG| Ji= '''[[João I, Duke of Braganza|João I]]'''<br><small>6th [[Duke of Braganza]], 1st [[Duke of Barcelos]]</small><br>(1543–1583)<br>[[File:Duchy of Braganza (1640-1910).png|35px]] | CG= [[Catarina, Duchess of Braganza|Infanta Catarina]]<br><small>[[Duchess of Braganza]]</small><br><small>(1540–1614)</small><br>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|35px]] }}
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{{Tree chart | | | | | | | ||Tii| |DmF| | | | | DmF= Duarte of Braganza<br><small>1st Marquis of Frechilla</small><br><small>(1569–1627)</small><br>[[File:COA_Marquis_of_Jarandilla.svg|40px]]  |Tii= '''[[Teodósio II, Duke of Braganza|Teodósio II]]'''<br><small>7th [[Duke of Braganza]], 2nd [[Duke of Barcelos]]</small><br>(1568–1630)<br>[[File:Duchy of Braganza (1640-1910).png|35px]]}}
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{{Tree chart | | | | |DsV| |JIV| |MFV| | | | DsV= Duarte of Braganza<br><small>Lord of Vila do Conde</small><br><small>(1605–1649)</small><br>[[File:Shield of the House of Braganza.png|35px]] |JIV='''[[John IV of Portugal|King João IV]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal and the Algarves]]<br>8th [[Duke of Braganza]], 6th [[Duke of Guimarães]]</small><br>(1604–1656)<br>[[File:Heraldic Royal Crown of Portugal - Four Arches.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]] |boxstyle_JIV   = background-color: #FFFACD |MFV= <small>'''From him descend<br>the lines of the [[Dukes of Frías|Dukes<br> of Frías]] and [[Duke of Escalona|Escalona]] and <br>the Marquises of Jarandilla <br>and Villar de Grajanejos.'''</small> |boxstyle_MFV   = background-color: #F0F8FF}}
{{Tree chart/end}}

=== Royal line: João IV to João VI (1604–1826) ===
Genealogical tree of the House of Braganza, from its first monarch, [[John IV of Portugal|João IV, King of Portugal]], to the fracture of the house into its three main branches, in the issue of [[John IV of Portugal|João VI, King of United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil, and the Algarves]]:
{{Tree chart/start |summary= Braganza }}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | || | | |JIV| |JIV='''[[John IV of Portugal|King João IV]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal and the Algarves]]<br>8th [[Duke of Braganza]]</small><br>(1604–1656)<br>[[File:Heraldic Royal Crown of Portugal - Four Arches.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]] |boxstyle_JIV   = background-color: #FFFACD }}
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{{Tree chart | | | | |TpB| |AVI| |PII| |JpB| |CB| | |AVI='''[[Afonso VI of Portugal|King Afonso VI]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal and the Algarves]]</small><br>(1643–1683)<br>[[File:Heraldic Royal Crown of Portugal - Eight Arches (Variant).svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]] |boxstyle_AVI   = background-color: #FFFACD
|PII='''[[Pedro II of Portugal|King Pedro II]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal and the Algarves]]</small><br>(1648–1706)<br>[[File:Heraldic Royal Crown of Portugal - Eight Arches (Variant).svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]] |boxstyle_PII   = background-color: #FFFACD
|TpB=[[Teodósio, Prince of Brazil|Prince Teodósio]]<br><small>1st [[Prince of Brazil]]</small><br>(1634–1653)<br>[[File:Coat of Arms of the Prince of Portugal (1481-1910).png|27px]]
|JpB=[[Joana, Princess of Beira|Princess Joana]]<br><small>1st [[Princess of Beira]]</small><br>(1635–1653)<br>[[File:Coat of Arms of the Prince of Beira (1734-1910).png|27px]]
|CB=[[Catherine of Braganza|Queen Catarina]]<br><small>[[List of English consorts|Queen Consort of England]]</small><br>(1638–1705)<br>[[File:Crown of Saint Edward (Heraldry).svg|25px]]<br/>[[File:Arms of Catherine of Braganza.svg|37px]] }}
{{Tree chart | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|j|-|-|-|j|-|-|-|jc| }}
{{Tree chart |FdB| |iA| |iFJ| |JV| |McO| |IpB| |LB| |JaB| |MB| IpB= [[Isabel Luísa, Princess of Beira|Princess Isabel Luísa]]<br><small>[[Princess of Beira]]</small><br>(1669–1690)<br>[[File:Coat of Arms of the Prince of Beira (1734-1910).png|27px]]
|JV='''[[John V of Portugal|King João V]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal and the Algarves]]</small><br>(1689–1750)<br>[[File:Heraldic Royal Crown of Portugal - Eight Arches.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]] |boxstyle_JV   = background-color: #FFFACD
|FdB= [[Infante Francisco, Duke of Beja|Infante Francisco]]<br><small>[[Duke of Beja]]</small><br>(1691–1742)<br>[[File:Coronet of a Duke - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]]
|iA=[[Infante António of Portugal|Infante António]]<br><small>[[Infante of Portugal]]</small><br>(1695–1775)<br>[[File:Coronet of an Infante - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|30px]]<br>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]]
|McO=[[Infante Manuel, Count of Ourém|Infante Manuel]]<br><small>[[Count of Ourém]]</small><br>(1697–1766)<br>[[File:Coronet of Count - Portugal.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]]
|iFJ=[[Infanta Francisca Josefa of Portugal|Infanta Francisca Josefa]]<br><small>[[Infanta of Portugal]]</small><br>(1699–1736)<br>[[File:Coronet of an Infante - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|30px]]<br>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]]
|LB=[[Luísa, Duchess of Cadaval|Luísa of Braganza]]<br><small>[[Duchess of Cadaval]]</small><br>(1679–1732)<br>[[File:Coronet of a Duke - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Armas duques cadaval.png|30px]] |boxstyle_LB   = background-color: #f8f3fc
|MB=[[Miguel of Braganza]]<br><small>[[Duke of Lafões]]</small><br>(1699–1724)<br>[[File:Coronet of a Duke - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Duques Lafões.png|30px]] |boxstyle_MB   = background-color: #f8f3fc
|JaB=[[José of Braganza, Archbishop of Braga|José of Braganza]]<br><small>[[Archbishop of Braga]]</small><br>(1703–1756)<br><br>[[File:Shield of the House of Braganza.png|30px]] |boxstyle_JaB   = background-color: #f8f3fc }}
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{{Tree chart |JBa| |iC| | |!| | |JI| |BqS| |JhI| |GB| | | | | |DuLa| | JBa= [[João da Bemposta|João of Braganza]]<br><small>[[Duke of Abrantes (1753)|Duke of Abrantes]]</small><br>(1726–1780)<br>[[File:Coronet of a Duke - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Armas duques abrantes.png|30px]] |boxstyle_JBa   = background-color: #f8f3fc
|BqS=[[Barbara of Portugal|Queen Barbara]]<br><small>[[List of Spanish consorts|Queen Consort of Spain]]</small><br>(1711–1758)<br>[[File:Coat of Arms of Barbara of Portugal, Queen Consort of Spain.svg|65px]]
|iC=[[Infante Carlos of Portugal|Infante Carlos]]<br><small>[[Infante of Portugal]]</small><br>(1716–1736)<br>[[File:Coronet of an Infante - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|30px]]<br>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]]
|JI='''[[Joseph I of Portugal|King José I]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal and the Algarves]]</small><br>(1714–1777)<br>[[File:Heraldic Royal Crown of Portugal - Eight Arches.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]] |boxstyle_JI   = background-color: #FFFACD
|GB=[[Gaspar of Braganza, Archbishop of Braga|Gaspar of Braganza]]<br><small>[[Archbishop of Braga]]</small><br>(1715–1789)<br><br>[[File:Shield of the House of Braganza.png|30px]] |boxstyle_GB   = background-color: #f8f3fc 
|JhI=[[José of Braganza, High Inquisitor of Portugal|José of Braganza]]<br><small>[[Portuguese Inquisition|High-Inquisitor of Portugal]]</small><br>(1720–1801)<br><br>[[File:Shield of the House of Braganza.png|30px]] |boxstyle_JhI   = background-color: #f8f3fc 
|DuLa='''<small>From his issue<br>descend the lines of the<br>[[Dukes of Lafões]], the<br> [[Marquis of Marialva|Marquises of Marialva]]<br>and [[Marquis of Arronches|of Arronches]]</small>''' |boxstyle_DuLa   = background-color: #F0F8FF}}
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{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | |PIII|y|MI| |iM| |iD| | |!| iM=[[Infanta Maria Ana Francisca of Portugal|Infanta Maria Ana]]<br><small>[[Infanta of Portugal]]</small><br>(1736–1813)<br><br>[[File:Coronet of an Infante - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|30px]]<br>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]]
|iD=[[Infanta Maria Doroteia of Portugal|Infanta Doroteia]]<br><small>[[Infanta of Portugal]]</small><br>(1739–1771)<br><br>[[File:Coronet of an Infante - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|30px]]<br>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]]
|MI='''[[Maria I of Portugal|Queen Maria I]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|Queen of Portugal and the Algarves]]<br>[[List of Brazilian monarchs|Queen of Brazil]]</small><br>(1734–1816)<br>[[File:Coat of arms of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves.svg|42px]]|boxstyle_MI   = background-color: #FFFACD
|PIII='''[[Peter III of Portugal|King Peter III]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal and the Algarves]]<br>3rd [[House of the Infantado|Lord of the Infantado]]</small><br>(1717–1786)<br>[[File:Heraldic Royal Crown of Portugal - Eight Arches.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]] |boxstyle_PIII   = background-color: #FFFACD }}
{{Tree chart | |,|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|-|^|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | |!| | }}
{{Tree chart |iMV| | | | | | | | | |JVI| |JpB|~|~|~|~|~|BpB| | iMV=[[Infanta Maria Ana Vitória of Portugal|Infanta Mariana]]<br><small>[[Infanta of Portugal]]<br>[[Infanta of Spain]]</small><br>(1768–1788)<br>[[File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Maria_Isabel_of_Portugal,_Queen_Consort_of_Spain.svg|65px]]
|JVI='''[[John VI of Portugal|King João VI]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal and the Algarves]]<br>[[List of Brazilian monarchs|King and Emperor of Brazil]]</small><br>(1767–1826)<br>[[File:Coat of arms of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves.svg|42px]] |boxstyle_JVI   = background-color: #FFFACD
|JpB=[[José, Prince of Brazil|Prince José]]<br><small>[[Prince of Brazil]]<br>[[Prince of Beira]]</small><br>(1761–1788)<br>[[File:Coat of Arms of the Prince of Portugal (1481-1910).png|27px]]
|BpB=[[Infanta Benedita of Portugal|Princess Benedita]]<br><small>[[Princess of Brazil]]<br>[[Princess of Beira]]</small><br>(1746–1829)<br>[[File:Coat of Arms of the Prince of Portugal (1481-1910).png|27px]]}}
{{Tree chart | |!| | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| }}
{{Tree chart |iP|y|MTpB| |MiI| |PIV| |MIqS| |iMA| |iMF| |iI| |iAJ| |iP=[[Infante Pedro Carlos of Spain and Portugal|Infante Pedro]]<br><small>[[Infante of Portugal]]<br>[[Infante of Spain]]</small><br>(1786–1812)<br>[[File:Coronet of an Infante - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]]
|iI=[[Infanta Isabel Maria of Portugal|Infanta Isabel]]<br><small>[[List of regents#Portugal|Regent of Portugal]]<br>[[Infanta of Portugal]]</small><br>(1801–1876)<br>[[File:Coronet of an Infante - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|30px]]<br>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]]
|PIV='''[[Pedro I of Brazil|Emperor-King Pedro I/IV]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal and the Algarves]]<br>[[List of Brazilian monarchs|Emperor of Brazil]]</small><br>(1798–1834)<br>[[File:Coat of arms of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves.svg|42px]] [[File:CoA Empire of Brazil (1822-1870).svg|45px]] |boxstyle_PIV   = background-color: #FFFACD
|MiI='''[[Miguel I of Portugal|King Miguel I]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal and the Algarves]]<br>[[Duke of Braganza]]</small><br>(1802–1866)<br>[[File:Heraldic Royal Crown of Portugal - Eight Arches.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]] |boxstyle_MiI   = background-color: #FFFACD
|MIqS=[[Maria Isabel of Braganza|Queen Maria Isabel]]<br><small>[[List of Spanish consorts|Queen Consort of Spain]]<br>[[Infanta of Portugal]]</small><br>(1787–1818)<br>[[File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Maria_Isabel_of_Portugal,_Queen_Consort_of_Spain.svg|65px]]
|iMA=[[Infanta Maria da Assunção of Portugal|Infanta Assunção]]<br><small>[[Infanta of Portugal]]</small><br>(1805–1834)<br><br>[[File:Coronet of an Infante - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]]
|iMF=[[Infanta Maria Francisca of Portugal|Infanta Francisca]]<br><small>[[Infanta of Portugal]]<br>[[Infanta of Spain]]</small><br>(1800–1834)<br>[[File:Coronet of an Infante - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]]
|MTpB=[[Maria Teresa, Princess of Beira|Princess Teresa]]<br><small>[[Princess of Beira]]<br>Countess of Molina</small><br>(1793–1874)<br>[[File:Coat of Arms of the Prince of Beira (1734-1910).png|27px]]
|iAJ=[[Infanta Ana de Jesus Maria of Portugal|Infanta Ana de Jesus]]<br><small>[[Infanta of Portugal]]<br>[[Duke of Loulé|Marquise of Loulé]]</small><br>(1806–1857)<br>[[File:Coronet of an Infante - Kingdom of Portugal.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]]
}}
{{Tree chart | |,|-|'| | | | | |!| | | |)|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| }}
{{Tree chart |hBB| | | | | |Mb| |MII| |iPII| | | | | | | | | | | | | |hL| hBB='''<small>From their marriage<br>descends the <br>[[House of Bourbon-Braganza|House of<br>Bourbon-Braganza]]</small>''' |boxstyle_hBB   = background-color: #F0F8FF 
|Mb='''<small>From him descends<br> the [[Miguelist|Miguelist branch]] of the<br>House of Braganza</small>''' |boxstyle_Mb   = background-color: #F0F8FF 
|MII='''[[Maria II of Portugal|Queen Maria II]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|Queen of Portugal and the Algarves]]</small><br>(1819–1853)<br>[[File:Heraldic Royal Crown of Portugal - Eight Arches.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]] |boxstyle_MII   = background-color: #FFFACD
|iPII='''[[Pedro II of Brazil|Emperor Pedro II]]'''<br><small>[[List of Brazilian monarchs|Emperor of Brazil]]</small><br>(1825–1891)<br>[[File:CoA Empire of Brazil (1822-1870).svg|45px]] |boxstyle_iPII   = background-color: #FFFACD
|hL='''<small>From her marriage<br>descends the <br>[[Duke of Loulé|House of Loulé]]</small>''' |boxstyle_hL   = background-color: #F0F8FF }}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |!| | }}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | | |Cb| |Bb| Cb='''<small>From her descends<br> the Constitutional branch of the<br>House of Braganza</small>''' |boxstyle_Cb   = background-color: #F0F8FF 
|Bb='''<small>From him descends<br> the [[Brazilian Imperial Family|Brazilian branch]] of the<br>House of Braganza</small>''' |boxstyle_Bb   = background-color: #F0F8FF }}
{{Tree chart/end}}

=== Constitutional line: Maria II to Manuel II (1819–1932) ===
=== Imperial line: Pedro I to Pedro II (1798–1891) ===
Genealogical tree of the Brazilian branch House of Braganza, from its first monarch, [[Pedro I of Brazil|Pedro I, Emperor of Brazil]], to the issue of [[Pedro II of Brazil|Pedro II]], the last [[Emperor of Brazil]].
{{Tree chart/start |summary= Braganza }}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | || | | |PIV| |PIV='''[[Pedro I of Brazil|Emperor-King Pedro I/IV]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|King of Portugal and the Algarves]]<br>[[List of Brazilian monarchs|Emperor of Brazil]]</small><br>(1798–1834)<br>[[File:Coat of arms of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves.svg|42px]] [[File:CoA Empire of Brazil (1822-1870).svg|45px]]|boxstyle_PIV   = background-color: #FFFACD}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | |,|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| }}
{{Tree chart | | | | |MII| |PJB| |iPII| |PPB| |PFB| |PMA| |MII='''[[Maria II of Portugal|Queen Maria II]]'''<br><small>[[List of Portuguese monarchs|Queen of Portugal and the Algarves]]</small><br>(1819–1853)<br>[[File:Heraldic Royal Crown of Portugal - Eight Arches.svg|30px]]<br/>[[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]] |boxstyle_MII   = background-color: #FFFACD
|PJB='''[[Princess Januária of Brazil|Princess Januária]]'''<br><small>[[Prince Imperial of Brazil|Princess Imperial of Brazil]]<br>[[Prince Louis, Count of Aquila|Countess of Aquila]]</small><br>(1822–1901)<br>[[File:COA Imperial Prince of Brazil (alternative).svg|45px]]
|PPB='''[[Princess Paula of Brazil|Princess Paula]]'''<br><small>[[Prince of Brazil (Brazil)|Princess of Brazil]]</small><br>(1823–1833)<br>[[File:CoA Empire of Brazil (1822-1870).svg|45px]]
|PFB='''[[Princess Francisca of Brazil|Princess Francisca]]'''<br><small>[[Prince of Brazil (Brazil)|Princess of Brazil]]<br>[[Prince of Joinville|Princess of Joinville]]</small><br>(1824–1898)<br>[[File:CoA Empire of Brazil (1822-1870).svg|45px]]
|iPII='''[[Pedro II of Brazil|Emperor Pedro II]]'''<br><small>[[List of Brazilian monarchs|Emperor of Brazil]]</small><br>(1825–1891)<br>[[File:CoA Empire of Brazil (1822-1870).svg|45px]] |boxstyle_iPII   = background-color: #FFFACD
|PMA=[[Princess Maria Amélia of Brazil|Princess Maria Amélia]]<br><small>[[Prince of Brazil (Brazil)|Princess of Brazil]]</small><br>(1831–1853)<br>[[File:CoA Empire of Brazil (1822-1870).svg|45px]]}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | |!| | | | | | | |)|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }}
{{Tree chart | | | | |PRF| | | | | |PIB| |PLB| PIB='''[[Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil|Princess Isabel]]'''<br><small>[[Prince Imperial of Brazil|Princess Imperial of Brazil]]</small><br>(1846–1921)<br>[[File:COA Imperial Prince of Brazil (alternative).svg|45px]]
|PLB='''[[Princess Leopoldina of Brazil|Princess Leopoldina]]'''<br><small>[[Prince of Brazil (Brazil)|Princess of Brazil]]<br>[[Prince of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha|Princess of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]</small><br>(1847–1871)<br>[[File:CoA Empire of Brazil (1822-1870).svg|45px]]
|PRF='''<small>From her descends the<br>Constitutional Line</small>''' |boxstyle_PRF   = background-color: #F0F8FF}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | | | |!| | | |!| }}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | | |OB| |SCB| OB='''<small>From her descends the<br>[[House of Orléans-Braganza]]</small>''' |boxstyle_OB   = background-color: #F0F8FF
|SCB='''<small>From her descends<br> the cadet branch of the<br>[[Brazilian Imperial Family]]</small>''' |boxstyle_SCB   = background-color: #F0F8FF }}
{{Tree chart/end}}

==== Orléans-Braganza line: Isabel to Luiz and Pedro Carlos (1846–Present) ====
Genealogical tree of the [[House of Orléans-Braganza]], from its origin to the current claimants:

''' ''Vassouras line'':'''
The descendants of Prince Luís of Orléans-Braganza

{{tree chart/start |summary= Braganza | style=font-size:85%}}
{{tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | | | PIB | |PIB='''[[Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil|Princess Isabel]]'''<br>[[Prince Imperial of Brazil|Princess Imperial of Brazil]]<br>Countess of Eu<br>(1846–1921)<br>[[File:Princess Isabel, Regent of Brazil COA.png|45px]]|boxstyle_PIV   = background-color: #FFFACD}}
{{tree chart | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| }}
{{tree chart | | | | | | | | | PGP | | PLB | | PAB | |PGP='''[[Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará|Prince Pedro de Alcântara]]'''<br>[[Prince Imperial of Brazil]]<br>Prince of Orléans-Braganza<br>(1875–1940)<br>[[File:COA Imperial Prince of Brazil.png|45px]]
|PLB='''[[Prince Luís of Orléans-Braganza (1878-1920)|Prince Luís]]'''<br>[[Prince Imperial of Brazil]]<br>Prince of Orléans-Braganza<br>(1878–1920)<br>[[File:COA Imperial Prince of Brazil.png|45px]]
|PAB='''[[Prince Antônio Gastão of Orléans-Braganza|Prince Antônio Gastão]]'''<br>[[Prince of Brazil (Brazil)|Prince of Brazil]]<br>Prince of Orléans-Braganza<br>(1881–1918)<br>[[File:COA Prince of Brazil Orleans-Braganza.png|45px]]}}
{{tree chart | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | }}
{{tree chart | | | | | | | | |PHOB | | PLG | | PPM | PHOB='''[[Prince Pedro Henrique of Orléans-Braganza|Prince Pedro Henrique]]'''<br>Prince and Head of the House of Orléans-Braganza<br>(1909–1981)<br>[[File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Head_of_the_Brazilian_Imperial_Family.png|45px]]
|PLG='''[[Prince Luiz Gastão of Orléans-Braganza|Prince Luiz Gastão]]'''<br>[[Prince Imperial of Brazil]]<br>Prince of Orléans-Braganza<br>(1911–1931)<br>[[File:COA Imperial Prince of Brazil.png|45px]]
|PPM='''[[Princess Pia Maria of Orléans-Braganza|Princess Pia Maria]]'''<br>[[Prince Imperial of Brazil|Princess Imperial of Brazil]]<br>Princess of Orléans-Braganza<br>Countess Nicolay<br>(1913–2000)<br>[[File:Princess_Pia_Maria,_Countess_of_Nicolay.png|40px]]}}
{{tree chart | | | | | | | | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | | | }}
{{tree chart | | | | | | | | |PLOB | | PBOB | | PIB | |PAOB | |PEOB | | +7 |
| PLOB='''[[Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza|Prince Luiz]]'''<br>Prince and Head of the House of Orléans-Braganza<br>(1938–2022)<br>[[File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Head_of_the_Brazilian_Imperial_Family.png|45px]]
|PBOB='''[[Prince Bertrand of Orléans-Braganza|Prince Bertrand]]'''<br>Prince and Head of the House of Orléans-Braganza<br>(b. 1941)<br>[[File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Head_of_the_Brazilian_Imperial_Family.png|45px]]
|PIB='''Princess Isabel'''<br>[[Prince of Brazil (Brazil)|Princess of Brazil]]<br>Princess of Orléans-Braganza<br>(1944–2017)<br>[[File:Princess of Brazil Coat of Arms.png|45px]]
|PAOB='''Prince Antônio'''<br>[[Prince Imperial of Brazil]]<br>Prince of Orléans-Braganza<br>(b. 1950)<br>[[File:COA Imperial Prince of Brazil.png |45px]]
|PEOB='''Princess Eleanora'''<br>[[Prince of Brazil (Brazil)|Princess of Brazil]]<br>Princess of Orléans-Braganza<br>[[Princess of Ligne]]<br>(b. 1953)<br>[[File:Princess_Eleonora,_Princess_of_Ligne.png|40px]]
|+7='''Seven more<br> Princes of Orléans-Braganza<br> who renounced their dynastic rights'''|boxstyle_PIV   = background-color: #F0F8FF }}
{{tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ) |-|-|-|. }}
{{tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |PRAB | | PMGB |
|PRAB='''Prince Rafael Antônio'''<br>[[Prince of Grão-Pará]]<br>Prince of Orléans-Braganza<br>(b. 1986)<br>[[File:COA Prince of Grão-Pará.png|45px]]
|PMGB='''Princess Maria Gabriela'''<br>[[Prince of Brazil (Brazil)|Princess of Brazil]]<br>Princess of Orléans-Braganza<br>(b. 1989)<br>[[File:Princess of Brazil Coat of Arms.png|45px]]}}
{{tree chart/end}}<br>
''' ''Petrópolis line'':'''
The descendants of Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará

{{Tree chart/start |summary= Braganza }}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | || | | |PIB| |PIB='''[[Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil|Princess Isabel]]'''<br><small>[[Prince Imperial of Brazil|Princess Imperial of Brazil]]</small><br>(1846–1921)<br>[[File:COA Imperial Prince of Brazil (alternative).svg|45px]]|boxstyle_PIV   = background-color: #FFFACD}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | |,|-|-|-|+|-|-|-|.| }}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | |PGP| |PLB| |PAB| |PGP='''[[Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará|Prince Pedro de Alcântara]]'''<br><small>[[Prince of Grão-Pará]]<br>[[House of Orléans-Braganza|Prince of Orléans-Braganza]]</small><br>(1875–1940)<br>[[File:COA Dinasty Orleães-Bragança.svg|45px]]
|PLB='''[[Prince Luís of Orléans-Braganza (1878-1920)|Prince Luís]]'''<br><small>[[Prince Imperial of Brazil]]<br>[[House of Orléans-Braganza|Prince of Orléans-Braganza]]</small><br>(1878–1920)<br>[[File:Coat of arms of the Imperial Prince of the Empire of Brazil (Orléans-Braganza).svg|45px]]
|PAB='''[[Prince Antônio Gastão of Orléans-Braganza|Prince Antônio Gastão]]'''<br><small>[[Prince of Brazil (Brazil)|Prince of Brazil]]<br>[[House of Orléans-Braganza|Prince of Orléans-Braganza]]</small><br>(1881–1918)<br>[[File:COA Dinasty Orleães-Bragança.svg|45px]]}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | |)|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|v|-|-|-|.| | | | | | | | }}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | |PICP| |PPG| |PFDB| |PJM| |PTT| PICP='''[[Princess Isabelle of Orléans-Braganza|Princess Isabelle]]'''<br><small>[[House of Orléans-Braganza|Princess of Orléans-Braganza]]<br>[[Count of Paris|Countess of Paris]]</small><br>(1911–2003)<br>[[File:Blazon of the Orleães-Bragança Dinasty.svg|40px]] [[File:Blason France moderne.svg|35px]]
|PPG='''[[Prince Pedro Gastão of Orléans-Braganza|Prince Pedro Gastão]]'''<br><small>[[House of Orléans-Braganza|Prince of Orléans-Braganza]]</small><br>(1913–2007)<br>[[File:COA Dinasty Orleães-Bragança.svg|45px]]
|PFDB='''[[Maria Francisca of Orléans-Braganza, Duchess of Braganza|Princess Maria Francisca]]'''<br><small>[[House of Orléans-Braganza|Princess of Orléans-Braganza]]<br>[[Duchess of Braganza]]</small><br>(1914–1968)<br>[[File:Blazon of the Orleães-Bragança Dinasty.svg|40px]] [[File:Shield of the Kingdom of Portugal (1481-1910).png|30px]]
|PJM='''[[Prince João Maria of Orléans-Braganza|Prince João Maria]]'''<br><small>[[House of Orléans-Braganza|Prince of Orléans-Braganza]]</small><br>(1916–2005)<br>[[File:COA Dinasty Orleães-Bragança.svg|45px]]
|PTT='''Princess Teresa Teodora'''<br><small>[[House of Orléans-Braganza|Princess of Orléans-Braganza]]</small><br>(1919–2011)<br>[[File:COA Dinasty Orleães-Bragança.svg|45px]]}}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | | | |)|-|-|-|.| }}
{{Tree chart | | | | | | | | | | | | |PPC| |PMG| |PPC='''Prince Pedro Carlos'''<br><small>[[House of Orléans-Braganza|Prince of Orléans-Braganza]]</small><br>(b. 1945)<br>[[File:COA Dinasty Orleães-Bragança.svg|45px]]
|PMG='''Princess Maria da Glória'''<br><small>[[House of Orléans-Braganza|Princess of Orléans-Braganza]]<br>[[Crown Prince of Yugoslavia|former Crown Princess of Yugoslavia]]</small><br>(b. 1946)<br>[[File:Blazon of the Orleães-Bragança Dinasty.svg|40px]] [[File:Serbian Cross.svg|30px]]}}
{{Tree chart/end}}

=== Miguelist line: Miguel I to Duarte Pio (1802–Present) ===

=== Agnatic descendants of John IV ===
{{Tree list}}
* [[John IV of Portugal]]
** [[Teodósio, Prince of Brazil]]
** [[Afonso VI of Portugal]]
** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Peter II of Portugal]]
*** [[João, Prince of Brazil]]
*** [[John V of Portugal]]
**** [[Pedro, Prince of Brazil]]
**** [[Joseph I of Portugal]]
**** [[Infante Carlos of Portugal]]
**** [[Peter III of Portugal]]
***** [[José, Prince of Brazil]]
***** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[John VI of Portugal]]
****** [[Francisco António, Prince of Beira]]
****** [[Pedro I of Brazil]]
******* [[Miguel, Prince of Beira]]
******* [[João Carlos, Prince of Beira]]
******* {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Pedro II of Brazil]]
******** [[Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil]]
******** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Pedro Afonso, Prince Imperial of Brazil]]
****** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Miguel I of Portugal]]
******* {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Miguel, Duke of Braganza]]
******** [[Prince Miguel, Duke of Viseu]] ''(renounced his succession rights)''
********* John de Bragança (1912–1991)
********** {{Tree list/final branch}} Miguel de Bragança (1951–)
*********** {{Tree list/final branch}} Miguel de Bragança (1986–)
********* {{Tree list/final branch}} Miguel de Bragança (1915–1996)
******** [[Prince Francis Joseph of Braganza]]
******** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Duarte Nuno, Duke of Braganza]]
********* [[Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza]]
********** [[Afonso, Prince of Beira]]
********** {{Tree list/final branch}} Infante Dinis, Duke of Porto
********* Infante Miguel, Duke of Viseu
********* {{Tree list/final branch}} Infante Henrique, Duke of Coimbra
**** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Infante Alexandre of Portugal]]
*** [[Infante Francisco, Duke of Beja]]
*** [[Infante António of Portugal]]
*** [[Infante Manuel, Count of Ourém]]
*** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Miguel de Bragança]] ''(illegitimate)''
**** {{Tree list/final branch}} ''[[Duke of Lafões|Dukes of Lafões]]''
{{Tree list/end}}

===Non-agnatic branches===
{{Tree list}}
* [[Maria I of Portugal]]
** [[John VI of Portugal]]
*** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Pedro I of Brazil]]
**** [[Maria II of Portugal]]
***** {{Tree list/final branch}} '''[[House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha]]'''
**** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Pedro II of Brazil]]
***** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil]]
****** {{Tree list/final branch}} '''[[House of Orléans-Braganza]]'''
** {{Tree list/final branch}} [[Infanta Maria Ana Vitória of Portugal]]
*** {{Tree list/final branch}} '''[[House of Bourbon-Braganza]]'''
**** {{Tree list/final branch}} 
{{Tree list/end}}

== See also ==
*[[Descendants of John VI of Portugal]]
*[[Descendants of Miguel I of Portugal]]
*[[List of Portuguese monarchs]]
*[[List of Brazilian monarchs]]
*[[Curse of the Braganzas]]

== Endnotes ==
{{notelist
| notes =

{{efn
| name = Inês Pires
| There is some controversy regarding the ancestry of Inês Pires (born in [[Borba (Portugal)|Borba]], c. 1350). She was the daughter of ''Pedro Esteves'' (for that she is sometimes called ''Inês Pires Esteves'') and ''Maria Anes'' ("Grande Enciclopédia Portuguesa e Brasileira", Editorial Enciclopédia, Lisboa, vol. 4, pp. 172; António Caetano de Sousa, "História Genealógica da Casa Real Portuguesa", Atlântida Ed., Coimbra, 1946, vol. 2, pp. 25). Some historians and genealogist claim that her father was a ''[[converso]]'' – a Jew converted to Catholicism (Augusto Soares d' Azevedo Barbosa de Pinho Leal, "Portugal Antigo e Moderno", Cota d' Armas, Lisboa, 1990; Isabel Violante Pereira, "De Mendo da Guarda a D. Manuel I", Livros Horizonte, Lisboa, 2001), while the majority of sources give her a long and well attested noble Christian ancestry (Felgueiras Gayo, "Nobiliário das Famílias de Portugal", Carvalhos de Basto, Braga, 1989).
}}

{{efn
| name = Duarte Pio
| Title currently held by [[Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza]]
}}

{{efn
| name = Afonso de Santa Maria
| Title currently held by [[Afonso, Prince of Beira]]
}}

{{efn
| name = Afonso de Santa Maria e Duarte Pio
| Titles currently held by [[Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza]] and [[Afonso, Prince of Beira]]
}}

{{efn
| name = Dinis
| Title currently held Infante Dinis, Duke of Porto
}}

{{efn
| name = Viseu
| Title currently held by Infante Miguel, Duke of Viseu
}}

{{efn
| name = Coimbra
| Title currently held by Infante Maria Francisca, Duchess of Coimbra
}}

}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== Sources ==
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book
  | last1 = Barbosa
  | first1 = Ignacio de Vilhena
  | year = 1860
  | title = As cidades e villas da Monarchia portugueza que teem brasão d'armas: Volume I |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7uIN42UHaSwC
  | publisher = Typographia do Panorama
  | location = Lisboa
  }}
*{{cite book
  | last1 = Berry
  | first1 = William
  | year = 1828
  | title = Encyclopaedia Heraldica or Complete Dictionary of Heraldry: Volume I |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=w_5BAAAAcAAJ
  | publisher = Sherwood, Gilbert and Piper
  | location = London
  }}
*{{cite book
  | last1 = Brazil
  | year = 1890
  | title = Collecção das leis do Brazil de 1812 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j4cwAAAAIAAJ
  | publisher = Imprensa Nacional
  | location = Rio de Janeiro
  }}
*{{cite book
  | last1 = Leal
  | first1 = Augusto Soares de Azevedo Barbosa de Pinho
  | year = 1882
  | title = Portugal Antigo e Moderno; Diccionario: Volume X |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BpoDAAAAYAAJ
  | publisher = Mattos Moreira
  | location = Lisboa
  }}
*{{cite book |last1=Marques |first1=Antonio Henrique R. de Oliveira |title=History of Portugal |date=1976 |publisher=Columbia University Press |isbn=978-0-231-08353-9 |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofportuga1976marq}}
*{{cite book
  | last1 = McMurdo
  | first1 = Edward
  | year = 1889a
  | title = History of Portugal
|volume=II
|url=https://archive.org/details/historyportugal02mcmugoog
  | publisher = S. Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington
  | location = London
  }}
*{{cite book
  | last1 = McMurdo
  | first1 = Edward
  | year = 1889b
  | title = History of Portugal
|volume=III
  | publisher = S. Low, Marston, Searle, & Rivington
  | location = London
|url=https://archive.org/details/historyportugal05mcmugoog
  }}
*{{Cite book |last=Newitt |first=Malyn |title=The Braganzas: The Rise and Fall of the Ruling Dynasties of Portugal and Brazil, 1640–1910 |date=2019 |publisher=Reaktion Books |isbn=978-1-78914-165-8 |language=en}}
*{{cite book
  | last1 = Nicolas
  | first1 = Sir Nicholas Harris
  | year = 1841
  | title = History of the orders of knighthood of the British Empire; of the order of the Guelphs of Hanover; and of the medals, clasps and crosses, conferred for naval and military services; Volume I |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oOtDAAAAcAAJ
  | publisher = Pickering, Rodwell
  | location = London
  }}
*{{cite book
  | last1 = Sousa
  | first1 = D. Antonio Caetano de
  | year = 1736
  | title = Historia Genealogica da Casa Real Portugueza: Tomo II |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y6JcDO5pPqcC
  | publisher = Joseph Antonio da Sylva
  | location = Lisboa
  }}
*{{cite book |last1=Stephens |first1=H. Morse |title=The Story of Portugal |author-link=Henry Morse Stephens|date=1891 |publisher=G. P. Putnam's Sons |location=New York |url=https://archive.org/details/storyofportugal00step |access-date=14 March 2024}}
*{{cite book |language=Portuguese |title=Nobreza de Portugal e do Brasil |editor-first= Afonso Eduardo Martins|editor-last= Zúquete |publisher= Editorial Enciclopédia |edition=2nd |location= Lisboa |year= 1989 |volume=III}}

{{refend}}

== External links ==
*[http://www.geneall.net/P/tit_page.php?id=268 Geneall – Genealogy of the House of Braganza]
*[http://www.coinshome.net/en/dynasty.htm?action=view&dynasty=HG8K.GJADdYAAAEtTI4JfYSj CoinsHome – Family Tree of the House of Braganza]{{Dead link|date=May 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}

{{S-start}}
{{S-hou|House of Braganza|||||[[House of Aviz]]|name=*[[Royal House]]*}}
{{s-reg}}
{{S-bef|before=[[Philippine Dynasty|House of Habsburg]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Dynasty|Ruling House]] of the <br> [[Kingdom of Portugal]] [[Kingdom of the Algarve|and the Algarves]]|years=1640–1910}}
{{S-non|reason=Monarchy Abolished<br><small>''See [[First Portuguese Republic]]''</small>}}
{{s-new | rows=1 }}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Dynasty|Ruling House]] of the <br>[[Kingdom of Brazil]]|years=1815–1822}}
{{S-non|reason=Independence of Brazil<br /><small>''See [[Empire of Brazil]]''</small>}}
{{s-new | rows=1 }}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Dynasty|Ruling House]] of the <br>[[Empire of Brazil]]|years=1822–1889}}
{{S-non|reason=Monarchy Abolished<br /><small>''See [[First Brazilian Republic]]''</small>}}
{{S-pre}}
{{S-bef|before=Itself<br><small>as the reigning house</small>}}
{{s-tul|title=[[Pretender|Claimant House]] of the <br> [[List of Portuguese monarchs|Portuguese monarchy]]|years=1910–present|reason=[[5 October 1910 revolution|Portuguese monarchy abolished]]}}
{{s-inc}}
{{S-bef|before=Itself<br><small>as the reigning house</small>}}
{{s-tul|title=[[Pretender|Claimant House]] of the <br>[[List of Brazilian monarchs|Brazilian monarchy]]|years=1889–1921|reason=[[Proclamation of the Republic (Brazil)|Brazilian monarchy abolished]]}}
{{s-aft|after = [[House of Orléans-Braganza]]}}
{{S-end}}

{{House of Braganza}}
{{Portuguese Monarchy Topics}}
{{Monarchs of Portugal}}
{{Royal houses of Portugal}}
{{European royal families}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:House of Braganza| ]]