View source for Hudson Strait

{{Short description|Strait connecting the Atlantic Ocean to Hudson Bay in Canada}}
{{Use Canadian English|date=April 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}

[[Image:Map indicating Hudson Strait, Nunavut, Canada.png|right|thumb|300px|Hudson Strait, Nunavut, Canada.{{legend|#ffff66|Nunavut}}{{legend|#ffffcc|Greenland}}{{legend|#d5fe94|Quebec}}{{legend|#ecebb6|Newfoundland and Labrador}}{{legend|#ccccff|Manitoba}}{{legend|#ffcccc|Ontario}}{{legend|#ffccff|Nova Scotia}}]]
[[Image:HBC-Upper Savage Islands-Hudson Strait.jpg|thumb|The Hudson's Bay Company ships ''Prince of Wales'' and {{ship||Eddystone|1802 ship|2}} bartering with the [[Inuit]] off the Upper Savage Islands, Hudson Strait; by Robert Hood (1819)]]
[[File:Drift ice in Hudson Strait, 2014.jpg|thumb|Drift ice in the Hudson Strait, late June 2014]]

The '''Hudson Strait''' ({{langx|fr|Détroit d'Hudson}}) in [[Nunavut]] links the [[Atlantic Ocean]] and the [[Labrador Sea]] to [[Hudson Bay]] in Canada. This [[strait]] lies between [[Baffin Island]] and [[Nunavik]], with its eastern entrance marked by [[Cape Chidley]] in [[Newfoundland and Labrador]] and Nunavut and [[Resolution Island (Nunavut)|Resolution Island]], off [[Baffin Island]]. The strait is about {{cvt|750|km}} long with an average width of {{cvt|125|km}}, varying from {{cvt|70|km}} at the eastern entrance to {{cvt|240|km}} at Deception Bay.<ref>Proceedings of a Workshop:  Marine Ecosystem studies in Hudson Strait, http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/117149.pdf, retrieved 28 October 2017</ref>

English navigator Sir [[Martin Frobisher]] was the first European to report entering the strait, in 1578. He named a tidal rip at the entrance the Furious Overfall and called the strait ''Mistaken Strait'', since he felt it held less promise as an entrance to the [[Northwest Passage]] than the body of water that was later named [[Frobisher Bay]]. Later in his 1587 voyage, explorer [[John Davis (explorer)|John Davis]] sailed by the entrance to the strait. The first European to explore the strait was [[George Weymouth]] who sailed {{convert|300|nmi|lk=in}} beyond the Furious Overfall in 1602.<ref>Glyn Williams, "Arctic Labyrinth", Toronto: Penguin, 2009, p. 45</ref><ref>Douglas Hunter, "God’s Mercies. Rivalry, Betrayal and the Dream of Discovery", Anchor/Random House, 2007, pp. 13–14</ref>

The strait was named after [[Henry Hudson]] who explored it in 1610 in the ship ''[[Discovery (1602 ship)|Discovery]]'', the same ship previously used by George Weymouth in 1602. Hudson was followed by [[Thomas Button]] in 1612, and a more detailed mapping expedition led by [[Robert Bylot]] and [[William Baffin]] in 1616.<ref>Nuttal, Mark, "Encyclopedia of the Arctic", Routledge: 2004, pp. 295–296</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/article/hudsons-wake|title=In Hudson's wake|author1-last=Fick|author1-first=Steven|author2-last=Hunter|author2-first=Douglas|date=1 April 2010|website=Canadian Geographic|publisher=The Royal Canadian Geographical Society|access-date=16 April 2019|archive-date=1 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190401083231/https://www.canadiangeographic.ca/article/hudsons-wake|url-status=dead}}</ref>

The Hudson Strait links the northern seaports of [[Manitoba]] and [[Ontario]] with the Atlantic Ocean. The Strait could serve as an eastern entrance to the Northwest Passage if it were not for ice in the [[Fury and Hecla Strait]] south of western Baffin Island.

==Extent==
The [[International Hydrographic Organization]] defines the limits of the Hudson Strait as follows:<ref>{{cite web|url=https://iho.int/uploads/user/pubs/standards/s-23/S-23_Ed3_1953_EN.pdf|title=Limits of Oceans and Seas, 3rd edition|year=1953|publisher=International Hydrographic Organization|access-date=28 December 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111008191433/http://www.iho.int/iho_pubs/standard/S-23/S-23_Ed3_1953_EN.pdf|archive-date=8 October 2011}}</ref>

::''On the West.'' A line from Nuvuk Point ({{coord|62|21|N|78|06|W|display=inline}}) to Leyson Point, thence by the Eastern shore of [[Southampton Island]] to Seahorse Point, its Eastern extreme, thence a line to Lloyd Point ({{coord|64|25|N|78|07|W|display=inline}}) [[Baffin Island]].

::''On the North.'' The South coast of Baffin Island between Lloyd Point and East Bluff.

::''On the East.'' A line from East Bluff, the Southeast extreme of Baffin Island ({{coord|61|53|N|65|57|W|display=inline}}), to Point Meridian, the Western extreme of [[Lower Savage Islands]], along the coast to its Southwestern extreme and thence a line across to the Western extreme of [[Resolution Island (Nunavut)|Resolution Island]], through its Southwestern shore to Hatton Headland, its Southern point, thence a line to [[Cape Chidley]], [[Labrador]] ({{coord|60|24|N|64|26|W|display=inline}}).

::''On the South.'' The mainland between Cape Chidley and Nuvuk Point.

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
{{refbegin}}
* Allard, Michel, Baolai Wang, and Jean A Pilon. 1995. "Recent Cooling Along the Southern Shore of Hudson Strait, Quebec, Canada, Documented from Permafrost Temperature Measurements". ''Arctic and Alpine Research''. 27, no. 2: 157.
* Andrews, J. T., and D. C. Barber1. 2002. "Dansgaard-Oeschger Events: Is There a Signal Off the Hudson Strait Ice Stream?" ''Quaternary Science Reviews''. 21, no. 1-3: 443–454.
* Barr, W. 1994. "The Eighteenth Century Trade between the Ships of the Hudson's Bay Company and the Hudson Strait Inuit". ''Arctic''. 47, no. 3: 236.
* Campbell, N. J. ''The Oceanography of Hudson Strait''. [S.l.]: Atlantic Oceanographic Group, 1958.
* Easton, A. K. ''Tides of Hudson Strait''. Dartmouth, Nova Scotia: Bedford Institute of Oceanography, 1972.
* Gaston, A. J. ''Seabird Investigations in Hudson Strait Report on Activities in 1980''. OLABS Program report. [Canada]: Canadian Wildlife Service, 1981.
* Payne, F. F. ''Eskimo of Hudson's Strait''. Toronto?: s.n.], 1889. {{ISBN|0-665-09301-2}}
* 2005. "A Sentry at the Atlantic Gateway – An Experimental Mooring Monitors Water Flow Through Strategic Hudson Strait". ''Oceanus''. 44, no. 3: 30.
{{refend}}

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
{{Straits of Nunavut}}
{{Authority control}}

{{Coord|62|N|070|W|region:CA-NU_type:adm1st_scale:10000000|notes={{Cite cgndb|OAHKY|Hudson Strait}}|display=title|name=Hudson Strait}}

[[Category:Straits of Quebec]]
[[Category:Straits of Qikiqtaaluk Region]]
[[Category:Bodies of water of Baffin Island]]
[[Category:Bodies of water of Hudson Bay]]
[[Category:Borders of Nunavut]]
[[Category:Borders of Quebec]]
[[Category:Landforms of Nord-du-Québec]]

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