View source for Ii, Finland

{{Short description|Municipality in Northern Ostrobothnia, Finland}}
{{Other uses|Ii (disambiguation)}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
|name = Ii
| official_name = {{lang|fi|Iin kunta}}<br />{{lang|sv|Ijo kommun}}
| other_name = Ijo
| settlement_type = Municipality
| image_skyline = Roadsign of Ii municipality Finland.jpg
| image_caption = [[Roadsign]] marking the entrance to Ii (in [[uppercase]])
| image_shield = Kuivaniemi.vaakuna.svg
| shield_size = 120x80px
| image_map = Ii sijainti Suomi.svg
| map_caption = Location of Ii in Finland
|coordinates = {{coord|65|19|N|025|22|E|type:city_region:FI-14|display=inline,title}}
|subdivision_type = Country
|subdivision_name = {{flag|Finland}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Regions of Finland|Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[North Ostrobothnia]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Sub-regions of Finland|Sub-region]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Oulunkaari]]
| leader_title = Municipal manager
| leader_name = Ari Alatossava
| established_title = [[Charter]]
| established_date = 1445
|area_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|area_footnotes|Ii, Finland}}
|area_total_km2 = {{Data Finland municipality|area_total_km2|Ii, Finland}}
|area_land_km2 = {{Data Finland municipality|area_land_km2|Ii, Finland}}
|area_water_km2 = {{Data Finland municipality|area_water_km2|Ii, Finland}}
|area_rank = {{Data Finland municipality|area_rank|Ii, Finland}}
|population_as_of = {{Data Finland municipality|population_as_of|Ii, Finland}}
|population_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|population_footnotes|Ii, Finland}}
|population_total = {{Data Finland municipality|population_total|Ii, Finland}}
|population_density_km2 = {{Data Finland municipality|population_density_km2|Ii, Finland}}
|population_rank = {{Data Finland municipality|population_rank|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics_type1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics_type1|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics1_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|population_footnotes|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics1_title1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title1|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics1_info1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info1|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics1_title2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title2|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics1_info2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info2|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics1_title3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title3|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics1_info3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info3|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics1_title4 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_title4|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics1_info4 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics1_info4|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics_type2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics_type2|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics2_footnotes = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_footnotes|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics2_title1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_title1|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics2_info1 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_info1|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics2_title2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_title2|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics2_info2 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_info2|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics2_title3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_title3|Ii, Finland}}
|demographics2_info3 = {{Data Finland municipality|demographics2_info3|Ii, Finland}}
|blank_name = {{Data Finland municipality|blank_name|Ii, Finland}}
|blank_info = {{Data Finland municipality|blank_info|Ii, Finland}}
|timezone = [[Eastern European Time|EET]]
|utc_offset = +02:00
|timezone_DST = [[Eastern European Summer Time|EEST]]
|utc_offset_DST = +03:00
| website = {{URL|https://www.ii.fi/en}}
}}

'''Ii''' ({{IPA|fi|iː}}; {{langx|sv|Ijo}}) is a [[municipalities of Finland|municipality]] of [[Finland]]. It is situated by the [[Bothnian Bay]], at the mouth of river [[Iijoki]], and it is part of the [[Northern Ostrobothnia]] [[regions of Finland|region]]. The municipality has a population of {{formatnum: {{Data Finland municipality/population count|Ii, Finland}}}} ({{#time: j F Y|{{Data Finland municipality/population count|sourcedate}} }})<ref name="population_count" /> and covers an area of {{convert|{{Data Finland municipality/total area|Ii, Finland}}|km2|abbr=on}} of which {{convert|{{Data Finland municipality/waters area|Ii, Finland}}|km2|abbr=on}} is water.<ref name="total_area" /> The population density is {{convert|{{Data Finland municipality/population density|Ii, Finland|round=2}}|PD/km2|abbr=on}}.

The municipality is unilingually [[Finnish language|Finnish]].

Ii merged with [[Kuivaniemi]] on 1 January 2007. The new municipality retained the name Ii, but adopted the coat of arms of Kuivaniemi.

Beginning in 2008, Ii is home to the [[ART Ii Biennale of Northern Environmental and Sculpture Art]], an international art fair.

The city has ambition to become the first [[zero waste]] town in the world, and its municipal manager claims that it does not use [[fossil fuel]]s for energy.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/av/world-europe-48060788/finland-s-new-generation-of-climate-heroes|title=New generation of climate heroes|publisher=BBC News|language=en|access-date=2019-06-22}}</ref>

== Etymology ==
Ii is named after the river [[Iijoki]]. The original name of the settlement was ''Iijoen kylä'', first mentioned in 1374 as ''Yioki'' when it was a chapel community within the [[Pedersöre]] parish. The marketplace ''Iin Hamina'' has existed since the 14th century. Ii became a separate parish sometime before 1445.

Ii is notable for having the shortest place name in Finland, and also one of the [[List of short place names|shortest ones]] in the world. The etymology is not definitively established; options are either [[Germanic languages|Germanic]] origin or [[Sami languages|Sami]] origin. In the latter, it would mean "a place to stay overnight in"; cf. [[Northern Sami language|Northern Sami]] ''[[wikt:idja|idja]]'' "night".<ref>Hyyryläinen, Toivo: Kahden kirjaimen pitäjä, Iin perinnekirja. Saarijärven Offset, 2006.</ref>

== History ==
The parish of Ii was originally larger than the modern municipality: it included [[Pudasjärvi]] and [[Taivalkoski]] until 1639, [[Kiiminki]], [[Ylikiiminki]] and [[Haukipudas]] until 1858. The municipality of [[Kuivaniemi]] was split off in 1919 and [[Yli-Ii]] was split off in 1924.<ref>{{Cite web|title=SuomalainenPaikannimikirja_e-kirja_kuvallinen.pdf|url=https://kaino.kotus.fi/www/verkkojulkaisut/julk63/SuomalainenPaikannimikirja_e-kirja_kuvallinen.pdf|page=96|access-date=August 18, 2022|website=kaino.kotus.fi|language=fi}}</ref>

Kuivaniemi became a part of Ii again in 2007. When Yli-Ii was merged into [[Oulu]], a part of it was given to Ii as an exclave. This exclave contains the Pahkakoski hydroelectric power plant.
[[File:Jakkukylä liitos.svg|thumb|left|The Jakkukylä area, transferred from Oulu to Ii in 2018.]]
The village of [[Jakkukylä]] and its surroundings, originally part of Yli-Ii and a part of Oulu from 2013, decided to join Ii in 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tietoa meistä :: Jakkukylä|url=https://www.jakkukyla.fi/tietoa-meista/|access-date=October 12, 2022|website=jakkukyla.fi|language=fi}}</ref>
{{clear left}}

== Demographics ==
=== Population ===
The municipality has a population of {{formatnum: {{Data Finland municipality/population count|Ii, Finland}}}} ({{#time: j F Y|{{Data Finland municipality/population count|sourcedate}} }}).<ref name="population_count" />

{{Bar box
|title   = Population development 1980–2020
|titlebar= #DDD
|width   = 620px
|barwidth= 520px
|left1   = Year
|right1  = Residents
|bars    = 
{{bar pixel|1980|#0099FF|380||7,651}}
{{bar pixel|1985|#0099FF|394||7,925}}
{{bar pixel|1990|#0099FF|410||8,246}}
{{bar pixel|1995|#0099FF|424||8,540}}
{{bar pixel|2000|#0099FF|419||8,439}}
{{bar pixel|2005|#0099FF|441||8,868}}
{{bar pixel|2010|#0099FF|466||9,382}}
{{bar pixel|2015|#0099FF|480||9,663}}
{{bar pixel|2020|#0099FF|489||9,834}}
|caption = <small>Source: Statistics Finland.<ref>{{cite web |url = http://pxdata.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/fi/StatFin/StatFin__vrm__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_011.px |title = Väestö kielen mukaan sekä ulkomaan kansalaisten määrä ja maa-pinta-ala alueittain 1980–2016 |date = 29 March 2017 |publisher = Tilastokeskus |access-date = 11 January 2018 |language = fi |quote= | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180617142223/http://pxnet2.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/fi/StatFin/StatFin__vrm__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_011.px | archive-date = 17 June 2018}}</ref>
The data refers to the conditions on 31 December of the current year according to the territorial division on 1 January 2022.</small>
}}
<!--{{Bar chart
| title   = Population size of in 1980–2020<ref name="Stat-fin-pops">{{cite web |url = http://pxdata.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/fi/StatFin/StatFin__vrm__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_011.px |title = Väestö kielen mukaan sekä ulkomaan kansalaisten määrä ja maa-pinta-ala alueittain 1980–2016 |date = 29 March 2017 |publisher = Tilastokeskus |access-date = 11 January 2018 |language = fi |quote= | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20180617142223/http://pxnet2.stat.fi/PXWeb/pxweb/fi/StatFin/StatFin__vrm__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_011.px | archive-date = 17 June 2018}}</ref>
| label_type  = Year
| data_type   = Population
| bar_width = 47
| width_units = em
| label1  = 1980
| label2  = 1985
| label3  = 1990
| label4  = 1995
| label5  = 2000
| label6  = 2005
| label7  = 2010
| label8  = 2015
| label9  = 2020 
| data_max = 10000
| data1 = 7651
| data2 = 7925
| data3 = 8246
| data4 = 8540
| data5 = 8439
| data6 = 8868
| data7 = 9382
| data8 = 9663
| data9 = 9834
}}--->

=== Languages ===
The population by language ([[First language|mother tongue]]) on 31 December 2022. [[Finnish language|Finnish]] ({{lang|fi|suomi}}), [[Swedish language|Swedish]] ({{lang|fi|ruotsi}}) and [[Sami language|Sami]] ({{lang|fi|saame}}) count as indigenous languages as they have official status in the country. The rest of the languages are counted as foreign. For languages with fewer than 10 speakers, the figure is hidden by [[Statistics Finland]] due to confidentiality reasons.<ref name="statfin1">{{cite web |url= https://statfin.stat.fi/PxWeb/pxweb/fi/StatFin/StatFin__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_11rm.px/ |title= 11rm — Kieli sukupuolen mukaan kunnittain, 1990–2023 |date= 2023 |publisher= [[Statistics Finland|Tilastokeskus]] |access-date= 27 April 2023 |language = fi }}</ref><ref name="statfin2">{{cite web |url= https://statfin.stat.fi/PxWeb/pxweb/fi/StatFin/StatFin__vaerak/statfin_vaerak_pxt_11ra.px/ |title= 11ra — Tunnuslukuja väestöstä alueittain, 1990–2023 |date= 2023 |publisher= [[Statistics Finland|Tilastokeskus]] |access-date= 27 April 2023 |language = fi }}</ref>

{|
|-
| valign="top"|
{| class="wikitable sortable numbertable" | style="text-align:right;"
|-
! rowspan=2 | Language !! colspan=2 | Speakers in 2022
|-
! Quantity !! Part (%)
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | Total population || {{formatnum:9853}} || 100.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | Official languages || {{formatnum:9774}} || 99.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Finnish language|Finnish]] || {{formatnum:9757}} || 99.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Swedish language|Swedish]] || 16 || 0.2
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Sami language|Sami]] || 1 || 0.0
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | Foreign languages || 79 || 0.8
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | [[Russian language|Russian]] || 27 || 0.3
|-
| style="text-align:left;" | Other || 52 || 0.5
|}
| valign="top" |
{|
|+ '''Population by native language'''
|-
| valign="top" |
{{Pie chart
|value1 = 99.0 | label1 = Finnish  | color1 = lightblue
|value2 = 0.2  | label2 = Swedish | color2 = yellow
|value3 = 0.0  | label3 = Sami | color3 = red 
|value4 = 0.8  | label4 = other | color4 =  
}}
|}
|}

== Politics ==
{{expand section|date=September 2024}}

=== Municipal council ===
Distribution of mandates in Ii municipality, elections of 1976–2021 years.
<!--{{Mandatetable_FI_start|landskap=17|vf|sdp|grön|övr|saf|c|saml}}
{{Mandatetable_FI_line|landskap=17|valdelt=86,8|kvinnor=|1976|27|vf|12|sdp|4|grön|0|övr|0|saf|0|c|10|saml|1}}
{{Mandatetable_FI_line|landskap=17|valdelt=87,4|kvinnor=|1980|27|vf|11|sdp|4|grön|0|övr|0|saf|0|c|11|saml|1}}
{{Mandatetable_FI_line|landskap=17|valdelt=84,3|kvinnor=|1984|27|vf|9|sdp|5|grön|0|övr|0|saf|0|c|11|saml|2}}
{{Mandatetable_FI_line|landskap=17|valdelt=78,7|kvinnor=7|1988|27|vf|3|sdp|4|grön|0|övr|6|saf|0|c|12|saml|2}}
{{Mandatetable_FI_line|landskap=17|valdelt=79,3|kvinnor=|1992|27|vf|9|sdp|5|grön|0|övr|0|saf|0|c|12|saml|1}}
{{Mandatetable_FI_line|landskap=17|valdelt=69,3|kvinnor=|1996|27|vf|8|sdp|4|grön|1|övr|0|saf|0|c|12|saml|2}}
{{Mandatetable_FI_line|landskap=17|valdelt=63,0|kvinnor=|2000|27|vf|7|sdp|4|grön|0|övr|0|saf|0|c|13|saml|3}}
{{Mandatetable_FI_line|landskap=17|valdelt=62,2|kvinnor=10|2004|27|vf|9|sdp|3|grön|0|övr|0|saf|0|c|13|saml|2}}
{{Mandatetable_FI_line|landskap=17|valdelt=65,5|kvinnor=11|2008|35|vf|10|sdp|5|grön|0|övr|0|saf|0|c|17|saml|3}}
{{Mandatetable_FI_line|landskap=17|valdelt=62,6|kvinnor=12|2012|35|vf|7|sdp|3|grön|2|övr|0|saf|3|c|17|saml|3}}
{{Mandatetable_FI_line|landskap=17|valdelt=60,7|kvinnor=11|2017|35|vf|9|sdp|2|grön|2|övr|0|saf|1|c|17|saml|4}}
{{Mandatetable_FI_line|landskap=17|valdelt=54,1|kvinnor=14|2021|31|vf|6|sdp|2|grön|2|övr|0|saf|3|c|14|saml|4}}
{{Mandatetable_FI_end|
*The other column represents: 
** For the 1988 election ''Ii's Democrat municipal joint list'' (6).
}}--->

== Economy ==
{{expand section|date=September 2024}}

== Culture ==
{{expand section|date=September 2024}}

== Notable people ==

*[[Juhamatti Aaltonen]], ice hockey player.<ref name=hs050708>{{cite journal |last1=Kangosjärvi |first1=Jaakko |title=Tuhansien julkkisten maa |journal=[[Helsingin Sanomat]] |date=5 July 2008 |volume=  |issue=  |page= |pages= |doi= |pmid= |url=https://www.hs.fi/ihmisia/art-2000004581530.html |access-date=12 July 2024 }}</ref>
*[[Pekka Ahmavaara]], politician and father of Arvi Ahmavaara, another politician.<ref>{{cite web |title=Pekka Ahmavaara |url=https://www.eduskunta.fi/FI/kansanedustajat/Sivut/910235.aspx |website=www.eduskunta.fi |access-date=25 December 2024}}</ref>
*[[Liisa Hyssälä]], politician.<ref>{{cite web |title=Ministeri Liisa Hyssälä |url=https://valtioneuvosto.fi/ministerit/-/min/liisa-hyssala |website=Valtioneuvosto |access-date=25 December 2024 |language=fi-FI}}</ref>
*[[Hannu Järvenpää]], ice hockey player and coach.<ref>{{cite web |title=Hannu Jarvenpaa Stats and News {{!}} NHL.com |url=https://www.nhl.com/player/hannu-jarvenpaa-8448253 |website=www.nhl.com |access-date=25 December 2024 |language=en}}</ref>
*[[Tanja Kari]], Paralympic gold medalist in [[Cross-country skiing (sport)|cross-country skiing]].
*[[Fanni Luukkonen]], chairman of Lotta Svärd.
*[[Leo Skurnik]], physician.

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
*{{Wikivoyage inline|Ii}}
*{{commons category-inline|Ii}}
*[https://www.ii.fi/en Municipality of Ii] – Official website

{{Geographic location
 | Centre = Ii
 | N  = [[Simo, Finland|Simo]] ([[Lapland (Finland)|Lapland]])
 | NE = [[Ranua]] ([[Lapland (Finland)|Lapland]])
 | E  = [[Pudasjärvi]]
 | S  = [[Oulu]]
 | W  = ''[[Bothnian Bay]]''
}}
{{NorthernOstrobothnia}}
{{authority control}}

[[Category:Municipalities of North Ostrobothnia]]
[[Category:Ii]]
[[Category:Populated places established in the 1440s]]
[[Category:Populated coastal places in Finland]]