View source for Illuminati (game)

{{Short description|Card game}}{{original research|date=May 2018}}
{{italic title}}
{{Infobox Game
| name          = ''Illuminati''
| image         = [[File:Illuminati2.jpg|200px]]
| caption       = [[German language|German]] Illuminati game components
| designer      = [[Steve Jackson (US)|Steve Jackson]]
| publisher     = [[Steve Jackson Games]]
| players       = 2&ndash;8 (4&ndash;6 recommended)
| setup_time    = 1&ndash;5 minutes
| playing_time  = 1 to 6 hours
| random_chance = Medium
| skills        = [[Strategy|Strategic thought]], [[Negotiation|deal making]], [[Deception|bluffing]]
}}
'''''Illuminati''''' is a [[card game]] made by [[Steve Jackson Games]] (SJG), inspired by the 1975 book ''[[The Illuminatus! Trilogy]]'', by [[Robert Anton Wilson]] and [[Robert Shea]]. The game has ominous secret societies competing with each other to control the world through various means, including legal, illegal, and even mystical.  It was designed as a "tongue-in-cheek rather than serious"<ref>{{cite web|title=Illuminati Designer Article|last=Jackson|first=Steve|publisher=[[Steve Jackson Games]]|url=http://www.sjgames.com/illuminati/designart.html|access-date=2008-10-25}}</ref> take on [[conspiracy theory|conspiracy theories]]. It contains groups named similarly to real-world organizations, such as the [[Society for Creative Anachronism]] and the [[Symbionese Liberation Army]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Sarrett|first=Peter|title=Desert Island Games|url=http://www.gamereport.com/tgr5/dig.html|publisher=The Game Report|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130508093153/http://www.gamereport.com/tgr5/dig.html|archive-date=2013-05-08}}</ref>  It can be played by two to eight players. Depending on the number of players, a game can take between one and six hours.

==Origins==
In September 1981, [[Steve Jackson (US game designer)|Steve Jackson]] and his regular freelance cover artist Dave Martin discussed their shared admiration of [[Robert Shea]] and [[Robert Anton Wilson]]'s ''[[Illuminatus! Trilogy]]''. The latter suggested a game. Steve Jackson decided against adapting the novel because of the expense of game rights, and the difficulty of adapting a novel with such a convoluted plot. He decided "a game about the ''secret-conspiracy idea'' behind ''Illuminatus!''" was viable. After researching the [[Illuminati]] and [[conspiracy theories]], and "extensive and enthusiastic playtesting" it went on the market in July 1982 in the (at the time) usual SJG [[Pocket Box]] format.  Over the next few years, three expansions for the Pocket Box Illuminati game were published.  The first two were substantially incorporated into the deluxe edition, while the third was a version of what would become ''Illuminati: Brainwash''.

Co-author Shea provided a four-paragraph introduction to the rulebook for the ''Illuminati Expansion Set 1'' (1983), in which he wrote, "Maybe the Illuminati are behind ''this game.'' They must be—they are, by definition, behind ''everything.''"

Without specifically naming the card game, in 2001, the trilogy's co-author Wilson criticized some products for exploiting the ''Illuminatus!'' name without paying royalties by taking advantage of [[legal loophole]]s.<ref>[http://www.disinfo.com/archive/pages/article/id577/pg1/index.html Disinformation Website: ''In the RAW: Necessary Heresies'' originally published in REVelation magazine (#13, Autumn, 1995) pp. 36–40] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090711124755/http://www.disinfo.com/archive/pages/article/id577/pg1/index.html |date=July 11, 2009 }} "RAW recently criticised several games companies who have marketed products exploiting Illuminatus! and the Discordians, and can escape paying royalties through legal loop-holes." (URL accessed 28 February)</ref>  Later commentators have attributed both the game and the ''Illuminatus! Trilogy'' as using real conspiracies as "targets of ridicule."<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dailyemerald.com/home/index.cfm?event=displayArticlePrinterFriendly&uStory_id=608e4347-103d-47ab-8a4e-4a569f522fc8|first=Pat|last=Payne|newspaper=Oregon Daily Emerald|date=2001-05-22|access-date=2008-10-25|title=Illuminating paranoia}} {{Dead link|date=September 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>

The related Steve Jackson Games supplement ''[[GURPS Illuminati University]]'' does not mention the trilogy (or related works by Wilson) in its list of inspirational works.

==Description==
{{unreferencedsect|date=February 2021}}
{{originalresearch|section|date=February 2021}}
[[Image:Illuminatigame.jpg|thumb|right|350px|A game of ''Illuminati'' in progress]]
The game is played with a deck of special cards, money chips (representing "millions of dollars in low-denomination unmarked banknotes") and two six-sided [[dice]]. There are three types of cards:

* Illuminati
* Groups
* Special cards

The players take role of [[Illuminati]] societies that struggle to take over the world.  The Pocket Box edition depicted six Illuminati groups: The [[Bavarian Illuminati]], The [[Discordianism|Discordian Society]], The [[unidentified flying object|UFO]]s, The Servants of [[Cthulhu]], The [[Bermuda Triangle]], and The [[Gnomes of Zürich]]. The deluxe edition added the [[Hashshashin|Society of Assassins]] and [[Cybernetic revolt|The Network]], and the Illuminati Y2K expansion added the [[Church of the SubGenius|Church of The SubGenius]] and [[Shangri-La]]. The aim of the game is fulfilled when Illuminati build a power structure consisting of given number of cards (dependent on number of players), or when Illuminati fulfill its ''special goal'', (such as controlling at least one card of each alignment for the [[Bermuda Triangle]]).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Illuminati Game Review {{!}} play board games |url=https://www.play-board-games.com/illuminati-game-review/ |access-date=2023-05-31 |website=www.play-board-games.com |date=6 September 2012 |language=en-US}}</ref>

The world is represented by group cards such as [[SMOF|Secret Masters of Fandom]], the [[CIA]], The International [[Communism|Communist]] Conspiracy, Evil Geniuses for a Better Tomorrow, [[California]], and many more &ndash; there are over 300 official cards available. Every group and Illuminati has some Power, Resistance and Income values; most of the world groups have an Alignment. The game is written with the usual SJG humor. The game uses a multitude of conspiracy theory in-jokes, with cards such as the [[Boy Scout|Boy Sprouts]] (where sinister youth leaders influence the world leaders of tomorrow), the Orbital Mind Control Lasers, [[Sicilian Mafia|the Mafia]], two headed Anti-Nuclear Activists, or [[Trekkie]]s.  Special cards represent unexpected phenomena and features, for example increasing Income or Resistance of a group. A "Second Edition" was released in 2018 featuring some updated groups that reference more recent popular culture and events.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Illuminati: The Game of Conspiracy |url=http://www.sjgames.com/illuminati/ |access-date=2023-08-14 |website=www.sjgames.com}}</ref>

The game is played in turns. The primary Illuminati (player) activity is taking control of groups. Other types of attacks are attacks to neutralize (removing from Illuminati power structure and returning to the table - to the world) and attack to destroy (removing from the game).  Besides attacking groups the players can trade, form alliances, and many other activities. Tactics such as playing opponents off each other, backstabbing and concealing your true motives are encouraged in this game. In one variant of the game, players are allowed to cheat, steal money from the table and do anything it takes to win.

During an attack to take control, the attacker must overcome the Resistance of attacked groups with combined Power of his groups (affected by Alignment of attacker and attacked), money spent, and influence of special cards. The attacked group can be defended by spending money and special cards by other players (especially by a controlling Illuminati). After a successful attack to take control, the card is placed (along the special markers) next to Illuminati, or another already controlled group forming a ''power structure''.

Each group has its own money, marked by money counters on that group. Most groups have an income collected at the beginning of each turn; money can also be moved one step at a time between groups once per turn. Money in the Illuminated group is accessible for defense of or attacks on all groups in the entire world. Money in the groups can only be used by that group, but gives double defense bonus when spent in defense.

Although the game can support two to ten players, a group of four or five is considered ideal. Some Illuminati might seem unbalanced, such as the high-income Gnomes and the low-level Discordians, but sometimes their true value is not visible at first or valuable only in certain circumstances. Planning the power structure is important, since groups close to the Illuminated core have a defense bonus. Also, groups can "block" each other's control arrows, through which groups control other groups. The flow of money is important, as a large lump of it will boost the offense / defense of the owning group.
==Mentions in media==
The game has attained cult status in some circles, been referenced in such geek media (like ''[[User Friendly]]'' comic strip). It is also mentioned in [[Dan Brown]]'s novel ''[[Angels & Demons]]'', which concerns an apparent attack by the revived Illuminati; the game is inaccurately referred to as an online computer game, but references to Steve Jackson make clear that this the product referred to.<ref>Dan Brown, Angels & Demons (paperback edition) (New York: Pocket Books, 2001), 99, 257-258.</ref>

==Expansions==
Available expansion sets are:
Illuminati Mutual Assured Distraction (2010);
Illuminati Bavarian Fire Drill (2007);
Illuminati Y2K (1999);
Illuminati Brainwash (1985).
*

==Related games==
[[Steve Jackson Games]] released a [[collectible card game]] version called ''[[Illuminati: New World Order]]'' (1994)''<ref name="Block">{{cite magazine |last=Block |first=Eric |date=June 1995 |title=A history of Illuminati |magazine=[[InQuest Gamer|InQuest]] |publisher=Wizard Entertainment |page=29 |issue=2}}</ref>''<ref>{{cite web |title=Origins Award Winners (1994) |url=http://www.originsgames.com/awards/1994 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070830114223/http://www.originsgames.com/awards/1994 |archive-date=2007-08-30 |access-date=2007-09-18 |publisher=Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts & Design}}</ref> and a stand-alone version called ''Illuminati: Crime Lords'' (2004), where the players control mobs in attempt to take over a city.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Illuminati: Crime Lords |url=https://www.sjgames.com/illuminati/crimelords/ |access-date=2024-06-04 |website=[[Steve Jackson Games]] |type=Product page}}</ref> SJG developed some ''Illuminated'' role-playing game modules for its [[GURPS]] system, including ''[[GURPS Illuminati]]'' (1992),<ref name="Origins">{{Cite web |title=Origins Award Winners – 1992 |url=http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1990s/The1992OriginsAwards/tabid/3236/Default.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131227150749/http://gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1990s/The1992OriginsAwards/tabid/3236/Default.aspx |archive-date=2013-12-27 |access-date=2013-12-22}}</ref><ref name="Challenge66">{{cite journal |last=Sheeley |first=Craig |date=November 1992 |title=Challenge Reviews |journal=[[Challenge (game magazine)|Challenge]] |publisher=[[Game Designers' Workshop]] |issue=66 |pages=84–85}}</ref> ''[[GURPS Illuminati University]]'' (1995),<ref name="Dragon #228">{{cite journal |last=Swan |first=Rick |date=April 1996 |title=Role-playing Reviews |journal=[[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon]] |location=[[Lake Geneva, Wisconsin]] |publisher=[[TSR, Inc.|TSR]] |issue=#228 |page=65 |authorlink=Rick Swan}}</ref> and ''GURPS Warehouse 23''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=GURPS Warehouse 23 |url=https://www.sjgames.com/gurps/books/Warehouse23/ |access-date=2024-06-04 |website=[[Steve Jackson Games]] |type=Product page}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Ross |first=S. John |date=January 1997 |title=GURPS Warehouse 23 |magazine=[[Pyramid (magazine)|Pyramid]] |issue=23}}</ref>

SJG also released ''[[Hacker (card game)|Hacker]]'' (1992)<ref>{{cite web |title=Origins Award Winners (1992) |url=http://www.originsgamefair.com/awards/1992/list-of-winners |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080415213154/http://www.originsgamefair.com/awards/1992/list-of-winners <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate=2008-04-15 |accessdate=2008-03-24 |publisher=Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts & Design}}</ref> which is similar to the original ''Illuminati'' (modulo terminology), but the players fight for the control of computer networks. It is more loose, and based primarily on interlocking access to different computer systems in the web. Players are not set directly towards each other, and several players can share access to a system.<ref name="dragon185">{{cite journal |last=Varney |first=Allen |date=September 1992 |title=Role-playing Reviews II |journal=[[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon]] |publisher=[[TSR (company)|TSR, Inc.]] |issue=185 |pages=84–88 |authorlink=Allen Varney}}</ref><ref name="dragon2002">{{cite journal |last=Varney |first=Allen |date=December 1993 |title=Social Board Games |journal=[[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon]] |publisher=[[TSR (company)|TSR, Inc.]] |issue=200 |pages=120 |authorlink=Allen Varney}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=1992 |title=Jeu de plateau en V.O. HACKER |trans-title=HACKER original board game |url=https://archive.org/details/casus-belli-071/page/n17/mode/2up |access-date=June 4, 2024 |magazine=[[Casus Belli (magazine)|Casus Belli]] |page=18 |language=fr |issue=71}}</ref>

{{anchor|PBM}}Adventure Systems created a [[Play-by-mail game]] (PBM) ''[[Illuminati (play-by-mail game)|Illuminati]]'' game, based on and licensed from the Steve Jackson game, with many modifications. The game was eventually purchased, and is now run, by [[Flying Buffalo]]. The designer, Draper Kauffman, had been trying to develop a "global strategy game" for many years when he received a copy of Illuminati.  Recalling the creation of the PBM version, Kauffman wrote, "It wasn't long before I found that every problem in my own game design had a suspiciously similar solution: 'Hey, how about if we just handle that like they did in ''Illuminati?''"<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Kauffman |first=Draper |date=January–February 1985 |title=Illuminati PBM Designer's Note |url=https://archive.org/details/Space_Gamer_72/page/n1/mode/2up |access-date=June 4, 2024 |magazine=[[The Space Gamer]] |page=29 |issue=72}}</ref>

==Reception==
In Issue 53 the British wargaming magazine ''[[Perfidious Albion (magazine)|Perfidious Albion]]'', Charles Vasey commented, "It is a game of threats, bribes, underhand deals, lies, and treachery - some of us think life's a little like that. If that sounds the sort of thing you are interested in, with the chance of world domination thrown in as an added bonus, then don't delay - ''Illuminati'' is the game for you."<ref name=pa>{{cite magazine|last1=Vasey|first1=Charles| date=August 1983 |title= Illuminati Review|magazine=[[Perfidious Albion (magazine)|Perfidious Albion]]| issue=53|pages=13-15}}</ref>

In Issue 40 of the British games magazine ''[[White Dwarf (magazine)|White Dwarf]]'' (April 1983), [[Phil Masters]]  stated that "Overall, this is a playable game with a good element of skill; it creates an appropriate atmosphere of conspiracy and cynicism, although the open hands system rather removes the element of paranoid secrecy inherent in conspiracy theories." Masters concluded by giving the game a rating of 7 out of 10, writing, "''Illuminati'' will earn its devotees, especially in America, although it lacks the elegance of the best cult games."<ref name="WD40">{{cite magazine | last =Masters | first =Phil | author-link =Phil Masters | title =Open Box  | magazine=[[White Dwarf (magazine)|White Dwarf]]  | issue =40  | pages =17  |  date = April 1983  }}</ref> Four issues later, Masters reviewed Expansion Sets 1 & 2 and gave them a rating of 6 out of 10, commenting, "the concept is certain to appeal to anyone with a pet dislike or a shred of cheap cynicism."<ref name="WD44">{{cite magazine| last =Masters| first =Phil | author-link =Phil Masters | title =Open Box  | magazine =[[White Dwarf (magazine)|White Dwarf]]  | issue =44  | pages =12–13  | date = August 1983  }}</ref>

In the December 1983 edition of ''[[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon]]'', Michael Lowrey believed that Steve Jackson Games had "a definite potential classic here, and one which, properly marketed, could appeal to folks who will never play a wargame in their lives". However Lowrey thought the two expansion sets were overly expensive, and advised consumers to see how they liked the basic game before buying the expansion sets.<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Lowrey|first=Michael |date=December 1983|title=Illuminati: It's a Conspiracy! |magazine=[[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon]]|issue=80|pages=62}}</ref>  Ten years later, [[Allen Varney]] called it "a brilliant card-and-token game." He concluded, "Ingenious and satirical, the ''Illuminati'' game fosters good-humored paranoia and dramatic struggles."<ref name=dragon200>{{cite magazine|last=Varney|first=Allen|author-link=Allen Varney| date=December 1993 |title=Social Board Games|magazine=[[Dragon (magazine)|Dragon]]|issue=200|pages=120}}</ref>
  
In ''[[Space Gamer]]'' No. 68, [[Dave Nalle]] thought that the two expansions sets "are excellent but high-priced expansions to a good and popular game. Before buying them and shelling out [the cash], you will probably want to pause to consider how much you will be using them, and as long as you play fairly frequently, the price may be worth the use you'll get."<ref name="SG">{{cite magazine|last=Nalle |first=Dave |author-link=Dave Nalle |date=March–April 1984 |title=Capsule Reviews|magazine=[[Space Gamer]]|issue=68|pages=39}}</ref> Several issues later, Kevin Ross gave the ''Illuminati Expansion Set 3'' a positive review, saying, "If you want some great new wrinkles for your ''Illuminati'' game, you definitely need this supplement. The rules make for a longer but much more enjoyable game. And don't let the lack of a Pocket Box or the thinness of the package fool you. There's a lot here for [the price]."<ref name="SG76">{{cite magazine|last=Ross |first=Kevin |date=Sep–Oct 1985 |title=Capsule Reviews|magazine=[[Space Gamer]]|issue=76|pages=39}}</ref> 

In 2007, almost 25 years after its original publication, ''Illuminati'' was chosen for inclusion in the book ''Hobby Games: The 100 Best''. [[Scott Haring]] wrote that ''Illuminati'' is "too much fun and has too much replay value to fade away on its own. Indeed, 25 years after its initial release, ''Illuminati'' is still immensely popular, having spawned multiple editions, three expansion sets, Steve Jackson Games' corporate logo, a spinoff collectible card game that is still the single biggest-selling product line in SJ Games history, and — my favorite — a complete set of color-coded pins that identified Illuminati members and their specialty."<ref name="HG">{{Cite book | contribution=Illuminati | title=[[Hobby Games: The 100 Best]] | last=Haring | first=Scott | author-link=Scott Haring | editor-last=Lowder | editor-first=James | editor-link=James Lowder | publisher=[[Green Ronin Publishing]] | year=2007 | pages=153–156 | isbn=978-1-932442-96-0}}</ref>

===Awards===
* ''Illuminati'' won the [[Origins Award]] for ''Best Science Fiction Boardgame of 1982''.<ref name="originsawards">{{cite web| url = http://www.gama.org:80/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1980s/The1982OriginsAwards/tabid/3225/Default.aspx| title = The 1982 Origins Awards| publisher = [[Game Manufacturers Association|The Game Manufacturers Association]]| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20121216050811/http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1980s/The1982OriginsAwards/tabid/3225/Default.aspx| url-status = dead| archive-date = 2012-12-16}}</ref>
* ''GURPS Illuminati'' won the [[Origins Award]] for ''Best Roleplaying Supplement of 1992''.
* ''[[Illuminati: New World Order]]'' won the [[Origins Award]] for ''Best Card Game of 1994''.
* ''[[Illuminati (play-by-mail game)|Illuminati PBM]]'' won the [[Origins Award]] for ''Best Play-by-Mail Game of 1985'', 1990–1994,<ref>Origins Award winners:
* {{cite web |title=The 1985 Origins Awards |url=http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1980s/The1985OriginsAwards/tabid/3228/Default.aspx |website=[[Game Manufacturers Association]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216052139/http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1980s/The1985OriginsAwards/tabid/3228/Default.aspx |archive-date=2012-12-16 |url-status=dead}}
* {{cite web |title=The 1990 Origins Awards |url=http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1990s/The1990OriginsAwards/tabid/3234/Default.aspx |website=[[Game Manufacturers Association]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216052426/http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1990s/The1990OriginsAwards/tabid/3234/Default.aspx |archive-date=2012-12-16 |url-status=dead}}
* {{cite web |title=The 1991 Origins Awards |url=http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1990s/The1991OriginsAwards/tabid/3235/Default.aspx |website=[[Game Manufacturers Association]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216052431/http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1990s/The1991OriginsAwards/tabid/3235/Default.aspx |archive-date=2012-12-16 |url-status=dead}}
* {{cite web |title=The 1992 Origins Awards |url=http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1990s/The1992OriginsAwards/tabid/3236/Default.aspx |website=[[Game Manufacturers Association]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216052436/http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1990s/The1992OriginsAwards/tabid/3236/Default.aspx |archive-date=2012-12-16 |url-status=dead}}
* {{cite web |title=The 1993 Origins Awards |url=http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1990s/The1993OriginsAwards/tabid/3237/Default.aspx |website=[[Game Manufacturers Association]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216052441/http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1990s/The1993OriginsAwards/tabid/3237/Default.aspx |archive-date=2012-12-16 |url-status=dead}}
* {{cite web |title=The 1994 Origins Awards |url=http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1990s/The1994OriginsAwards/tabid/3238/Default.aspx |website=[[Game Manufacturers Association]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216052446/http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1990s/The1994OriginsAwards/tabid/3238/Default.aspx |archive-date=2012-12-16 |url-status=dead}}</ref> tied in 1995 with ''[[Middle-Earth Play-By-Mail]]'',<ref>{{cite web |title=The 1995 Origins Awards |url=http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1990s/The1995OriginsAwards/tabid/3239/Default.aspx |website=[[Game Manufacturers Association]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121216052154/http://www.gama.org/OriginsAwards/OriginsAwardsWinnersThe1990s/The1995OriginsAwards/tabid/3239/Default.aspx |archive-date=December 16, 2012 |url-status=dead}}</ref> and was then added to their Hall of Fame in 1997.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://www.originsgamefair.com/awards/1997/list-of-winners| title=Origins Award Winners (1997)| publisher=Academy of Adventure Gaming Arts & Design| access-date=2008-02-17 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080130144333/http://www.originsgamefair.com/awards/1997/list-of-winners <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archive-date = 2008-01-30}}</ref>

==Reviews==
*''[[Games (magazine)|Games]]'' #36<ref>{{cite web | url=https://archive.org/details/games-36-1983-february/page/n65/mode/2up | title=GAMES Magazine #36 | date=February 1983 }}</ref>
*''[[Asimov's Science Fiction]]'' v7 n12 (1983 12)<ref>{{cite web | url=https://archive.org/details/Asimovs_v07n12_1983-12/page/n23/mode/2up | title=Asimov's v07n12 (1983 12) }}</ref>
*''{{ill|Jeux et Stratégie|lt=Jeux & Stratégie|fr}}'' nouvelle formule #3<ref>{{cite web | url=https://archive.org/details/jeux-et-strategie-nf-3/page/10/mode/2up | title=Jeux & stratégie NF 3 | date=January 1990 }}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
* {{Cite journal | last1 = Jackson | first1 = Steve | year = 1982 | title = The Truth Behind ILLUMINATI | journal = Adventure Gaming | volume = 2 | issue = 3| pages = 11–13 }}
* {{Cite journal | last1 = Kauffman | first1 = Draper | year = 1985 | title = Illuminati PBM Designer's Notes | journal = [[The Space Gamer|Space Gamer]] | volume = 72 | page = 29 }}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060823010200/http://aagad.originsgames.com/aagad/award-winners Award Winners - Origins International Game Expo]

==External links==
* [http://www.sjgames.com/illuminati/index.html The official ''Illuminati'' game home page]
* [http://www.flyingbuffalo.com/illumin.htm The official ''Illuminati PBM'' game home page] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120320041521/http://www.flyingbuffalo.com/illumin.htm |date=2012-03-20 }}
* {{Bgg|28|''Illuminati: Deluxe Edition''}} 

{{Robert Anton Wilson}}
{{Robert Shea}}

[[Category:Card games introduced in 1982]]
[[Category:Dedicated deck card games]]
[[Category:Steve Jackson (American game designer) games]]
[[Category:Origins Award winners]]
[[Category:Multiplayer games]]
[[Category:Steve Jackson Games games]]
[[Category:Works about conspiracy theories]]
[[Category:Works about the Illuminati]]