View source for Inge de Bruijn

{{Short description|Dutch former competitive swimmer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{family name hatnote|de Bruijn|Bruijn|lang=Dutch}}
{{Infobox swimmer
| name = Inge de Bruijn
| image = Inge de Bruijn en Jacco Verhaeren 1a.jpg
| caption = De Bruijn in 2008
| alt =
| national_team = {{NED}}
| fullname = Inge de Bruijn
| strokes = [[Freestyle swimming|Freestyle]], [[Butterfly stroke|butterfly]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date and age|df=yes|1973|08|24}}
| birth_place = [[Barendrecht]], Netherlands
| height = {{convert|1.82|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
| weight = {{convert|61|kg|lb stlb|0|abbr=on}}
| medaltemplates=
{{MedalSport | Women's swimming }}
{{MedalCountry | the Netherlands }}
{{MedalCount
| [[Olympic Games]] | 4 | 2 | 2
| [[FINA World Aquatics Championships|World Championships (LC)]] | 5 | 0 | 1
| [[FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m)|World Championships (SC)]] | 1 | 1 | 1
| [[LEN European Aquatics Championships|European Championships (LC)]] | 3 | 2 | 3
| [[European Short Course Swimming Championships|European Championships (SC)]] | 5 | 3 | 3
| total = yes
}}
{{MedalOlympics}}
[[File:Olympic rings.svg|center|80px]]
{{MedalGold | [[Swimming at the 2000 Summer Olympics|2000 Sydney]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://static.espn.go.com/oly/summer00/swimming/index.html |title=ESPN Sydney Swimming |access-date=14 March 2009 }}</ref> | [[Swimming at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalGold | 2000 Sydney | [[Swimming at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre freestyle|100 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalGold | 2000 Sydney | [[Swimming at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre butterfly|100 m butterfly]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics|2004 Athens]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/olympics/2004/schedules/117BySport.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040814153430/http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/olympics/2004/schedules/117BySport.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=14 August 2004 |title=2004 Olympic Games swimming results |access-date=22 July 2007 | publisher=CNN}}</ref> | [[Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalSilver | 2000 Sydney | [[Swimming at the 2000 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalSilver | 2004 Athens | [[Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre freestyle|100 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalBronze | 2004 Athens | [[Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's 100 metre butterfly|100 m butterfly]] }}
{{MedalBronze | 2004 Athens | [[Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics – Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[FINA World Aquatics Championships|World Championships (LC)]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[Swimming at the 2001 World Aquatics Championships|2001 Fukuoka]] | [[Swimming at the 2001 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalGold | 2001 Fukuoka | [[Swimming at the 2001 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 100 metre freestyle|100 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalGold | 2001 Fukuoka | [[Swimming at the 2001 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 50 metre butterfly|50 m butterfly]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[Swimming at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships|2003 Barcelona]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.swimrankings.net/index.php?page=meetDetail&meetId=2132600 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070922193314/http://www.swimrankings.net/index.php?page=meetDetail&meetId=2132600 |url-status=dead |archive-date=22 September 2007 |title=2003 World Championships – Short Course Swim Rankings results |access-date=24 July 2007 }}</ref> | [[Swimming at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalGold | 2003 Barcelona | [[Swimming at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 50 metre butterfly|50 m butterfly]] }}
{{MedalBronze | [[Swimming at the 1991 World Aquatics Championships|1991 Perth]] | [[Swimming at the 1991 World Aquatics Championships – Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m)|World Championships (SC)]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[1999 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m)|1999 Hong Kong]] | [[1999 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m) – Women's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalSilver | 1999 Hong Kong | [[1999 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m) – Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalBronze | 1999 Hong Kong | [[1999 FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m) – Women's 50 metre butterfly|50 m butterfly]] }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[LEN European Aquatics Championships|European Championships (LC)]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[1991 European Aquatics Championships|1991 Athens]] | [[Swimming at the 1991 European Aquatics Championships – Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay|4×100 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[1999 European Aquatics Championships|1999 Istanbul]] | [[Swimming at the 1999 European Aquatics Championships – Women's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalGold | 1999 Istanbul | [[Swimming at the 1999 European Aquatics Championships – Women's 100 metre butterfly|100 m butterfly]] }}
{{MedalSilver | 1991 Athens | [[Swimming at the 1991 European Aquatics Championships – Women's 100 metre butterfly|100 m butterfly]] }}
{{MedalSilver | 1999 Istanbul | [[Swimming at the 1999 European Aquatics Championships – Women's 100 metre freestyle|100 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalBronze | 1991 Athens | [[Swimming at the 1991 European Aquatics Championships – Women's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalBronze | 1991 Athens | [[Swimming at the 1991 European Aquatics Championships – Women's 4 × 100 metre medley relay|4×100 m medley]] }}
{{MedalBronze | [[1993 European Aquatics Championships|1993 Sheffield]] | [[Swimming at the 1993 European Aquatics Championships – Women's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalCompetition | [[European Short Course Swimming Championships|European Championships (SC)]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[1991 European Sprint Swimming Championships|1991 Gelsenkirchen]] | [[1991 European Sprint Swimming Championships – Women's 50 metre butterfly|50 m butterfly]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[1998 European Short Course Swimming Championships|1998 Sheffield]] | [[1998 European Short Course Swimming Championships – Women's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalGold | 1998 Sheffield | [[1998 European Short Course Swimming Championships – Women's 50 metre butterfly|50 m butterfly]] }}
{{MedalGold | [[2001 European Short Course Swimming Championships|2001 Antwerp]] | [[2001 European Short Course Swimming Championships – Women's 50 metre freestyle|50 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalGold | 2001 Antwerp | [[2001 European Short Course Swimming Championships – Women's 100 metre freestyle|100 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalSilver | [[1992 European Sprint Swimming Championships|1992 Espoo]] | [[1992 European Sprint Swimming Championships – Women's 50 metre butterfly|50 m butterfly]] }}
{{MedalSilver | 1998 Sheffield | [[1998 European Short Course Swimming Championships – Women's 4 × 50 metre freestyle relay|4×50 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalSilver | 2001 Antwerp | [[2001 European Short Course Swimming Championships – Women's 4 × 50 metre freestyle relay|4×50 m freestyle]] }}
{{MedalBronze | 1998 Sheffield | [[1998 European Short Course Swimming Championships – Women's 100 metre butterfly|100 m butterfly]] }}
{{MedalBronze | 1998 Sheffield | [[1998 European Short Course Swimming Championships – Women's 4 × 50 metre medley relay|4×50 m medley]] }}
{{MedalBronze | 2001 Antwerp | [[2001 European Short Course Swimming Championships – Women's 4 × 50 metre medley relay|4×50 m medley]] }}
}}

'''Inge de Bruijn''' ({{IPA|nl|ˈɪŋə də ˈbrœyn|lang}}; born 24 August 1973) is a [[Dutch people|Dutch]] former competitive [[swimming (sport)|swimmer]]. She is a four-time [[Olympic Games|Olympic]] champion and a former world record-holder in multiple swimming events.

==Personal==
De Bruijn was born in [[Barendrecht]], [[Netherlands]]. Inge is the sister of Olympic water polo player [[Matthijs de Bruijn]].

==Swimming career==
{{BLP unreferenced section|date=June 2023}}
De Bruijn tried several sports before eventually specialising in swimming. De Bruijn debuted at the [[World Aquatics Championships]] in January 1991, winning a bronze medal with the 4×100&nbsp;m [[relay race|relay]] team, with which she won the gold medal at the [[1991 European Aquatics Championships|European LC Championships]] in August of that year.

The following year, de Bruijn made her [[Olympic Games|Olympic]] debut at the [[1992 Summer Olympics]], and finished 8th in the 100&nbsp;m and 4×100&nbsp;m freestyle events. She did not compete at the [[1996 Summer Olympics]]. In 1999, she won the 50&nbsp;m [[freestyle swimming|freestyle]] at the European Championships. The following year, after having swum several [[World record progression 50 metres freestyle|50&nbsp;m freestyle world records]], she competed in the [[2000 Summer Olympics]] in Sydney, Australia. She won the 50 and 100&nbsp;m freestyle, and the 100&nbsp;m [[butterfly stroke|butterfly]], setting world records in all three events. She also won a silver medal with the 4×100&nbsp;m freestyle relay team. Her nickname became "Invincible Inky".

She was named by ''[[Swimming World magazine|Swimming World]]'' as the "[[List of Swimming World Swimmers of the Year|Female World Swimmer of the Year]]" in both 2000 and 2001. She won titles in three events at the 2001 World Championships. At the 2003 World Championships, de Bruijn successfully defended her 50&nbsp;m freestyle and butterfly titles. At the [[2004 Summer Olympics]] in [[Athens]] she defended her gold medal in the 50&nbsp;m free, and took silver in the 100&nbsp;m free, and two bronze: one in the 100&nbsp;m butterfly and another in the 4×100&nbsp;m relay. This made her the oldest individual champion in Olympic swimming history. This record was only surpassed by Anthony Ervin at the age of 36, he won the gold medal for the men's 50m freestyle at the Rio 2016 Olympics. De Bruijn's 2004 title retains its place as the oldest female Olympic champion in swimming history.

With an Olympic medal total of four gold, two silver and two bronze, she is the [[List of multiple Olympic gold medalists|fourth most successful]] Dutch Olympian of all time. Moreover, her combined nine individual titles won at the [[Swimming at the Summer Olympics|Olympics]] (four) and [[FINA World Aquatics Championships|World Aquatics Championships]] (five) were a [[List of individual gold medalists in swimming at the Olympics and World Aquatics Championships (women)#Title leaders|record for female swimmers]] until [[Katie Ledecky]] won her 10th at the 2016 Summer Olympics.

In March 2007, de Bruijn announced her retirement from competitive swimming.

==International championships (50 m)==

{| class="sortable wikitable"
! Meet
! class="unsortable"|50 free
! class="unsortable"|100 free
! class="unsortable"|50 fly
! class="unsortable"|100 fly
! class="unsortable"|4×100 free
! class="unsortable"|4×100 medley
|-
| style="background:#ccccff| [[1991 European Aquatics Championships|EC 1991]] || align="center"|{{Bronze3}} || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || align="center"|{{Silver2}} || align="center"|{{Gold1}} || align="center"|{{Bronze3}}
|-
| [[Swimming at the 1991 World Aquatics Championships|WC 1991]] || style="background:#fdffe7"| || align="center"|10th || style="background:#fdffe7"| || align="center"|8th || align="center"|{{Bronze3}} || align="center"|4th
|-
| style="background:#f0e68c"| [[Swimming at the 1992 Summer Olympics|OG 1992]] || align="center"|8th || style="background:#f0e68c"| || style="background:#f0e68c"| || align="center"|9th || align="center"|5th{{ref label|a|a|a}} || align="center"|8th
|-
| style="background:#ccccff| [[1993 European Aquatics Championships|EC 1993]] || align="center"|{{Bronze3}} || align="center"|12th || style="background:#fdffe7"| || align="center"|4th || align="center"|7th || style="background:#fdffe7"|
|-
| [[Swimming at the 1994 World Aquatics Championships|WC 1994]] || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || align="center"|7th || style="background:#fdffe7"| || align="center"|6th
|-
| style="background:#ccccff| [[1995 European Aquatics Championships|EC 1995]] || align="center"|4th || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || align="center"|4th || align="center"|6th || style="background:#fdffe7"|
|-
| style="background:#f0e68c"| [[Swimming at the 1996 Summer Olympics|OG 1996]] || style="background:#f0e68c"| || style="background:#f0e68c"| || style="background:#f0e68c"| || style="background:#f0e68c"| || style="background:#f0e68c"| || style="background:#f0e68c"|
|-
| style="background:#ccccff| [[1997 European Aquatics Championships|EC 1997]] || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"|
|-
| [[Swimming at the 1998 World Aquatics Championships|WC 1998]] || style="background:#fdffe7"| || align="center"|8th || style="background:#fdffe7"| || align="center"|7th || align="center"|5th || align="center"|6th
|-
| style="background:#ccccff| [[1999 European Aquatics Championships|EC 1999]] || align="center"|{{Gold1}} || align="center"|{{Silver2}} || style="background:#fdffe7"| || align="center"|{{Gold1}} || align="center"|4th || align="center"|4th
|-
| style="background:#ccccff| [[2000 European Aquatics Championships|EC 2000]] || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"|
|-
| style="background:#f0e68c"| [[Swimming at the 2000 Summer Olympics|OG 2000]] || align="center"|{{Gold1}} || align="center"|{{Gold1}} || style="background:#f0e68c"| || align="center"|{{Gold1}} || align="center"|{{Silver2}} || style="background:#f0e68c"|
|-
| [[Swimming at the 2001 World Aquatics Championships|WC 2001]] || align="center"|{{Gold1}} || align="center"|{{Gold1}} || align="center"|{{Gold1}} || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"|
|-
| style="background:#ccccff| [[2002 European Aquatics Championships|EC 2002]] || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"|
|-
| [[Swimming at the 2003 World Aquatics Championships|WC 2003]] || align="center"|{{Gold1}} || style="background:#fdffe7"| || align="center"|{{Gold1}} || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"|
|-
| style="background:#ccccff| [[2004 European Aquatics Championships|EC 2004]] || style="background:#fdffe7"| || align="center"|6th || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"| || style="background:#fdffe7"|
|-
| style="background:#f0e68c"| [[Swimming at the 2004 Summer Olympics|OG 2004]] || align="center"|{{Gold1}} || align="center"|{{Silver2}} || style="background:#f0e68c"| || align="center"|{{Bronze3}} || align="center"|{{Bronze3}} || align="center"|6th
|-
|}
:{{note label|a|a|a}} de Bruijn swam only in the heats

==Post-swimming career==
De Bruijn resides in [[Eindhoven]], Netherlands, and previously trained in [[Portland, Oregon]].

She was the face for Dutch lingerie brand ''Sapph'', along with kickboxer [[Remy Bonjasky]], the face for the men's line of the brand.<ref>[http://glamour.blog.nl/models/2011/02/04/modellen-dansen-op-het-ijs "Modellen dansen op het IJs"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110207175226/http://glamour.blog.nl/models/2011/02/04/modellen-dansen-op-het-ijs |date=7 February 2011 }}, 4 February 2011, ''[[Glamour (magazine)|Glamour]]'' {{in lang|nl}}</ref>

She appeared in a special episode of the Dutch naked dating reality television programme ''[[Adam Zkt. Eva]] VIP''.

==See also==
* [[List of members of the International Swimming Hall of Fame]]
* [[List of Dutch records in swimming]]
* [[List of multiple Olympic gold medalists at a single Games]]
* [[List of multiple Olympic gold medalists]]
* [[List of multiple Summer Olympic medalists]]
* [[List of top Olympic gold medalists in swimming]]
* [[List of individual gold medalists in swimming at the Olympics and World Aquatics Championships (women)]]
* [[World record progression 50 metres freestyle]]
* [[World record progression 100 metres freestyle]]

==References==
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Inge de Bruijn}}
* {{FINA}}
* {{Swimrankings}}
* {{Olympedia}}
* {{Olympics.com profile|org_archive=20200903070758}}
* {{NOCNSF profile|inge-de-bruijn}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-ach|rec}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Le Jingyi]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[World record progression 50 metres freestyle|Women's 50 metre freestyle<br />world record holder (long course)]]|years=4 June 2000 – 24 March 2008}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Marleen Veldhuis]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Le Jingyi]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[World record progression 100 metres freestyle|Women's 100 metre freestyle<br />world record holder (long course)]]|years=28 May 2000 – 31 March 2004}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Libby Trickett]]}}
{{s-bef|before=Record installed}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[World record progression 50 metres butterfly|Women's 50 metre butterfly<br />world record holder (long course)]]|years=18 June 1999 – 1 July 1999}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Anna-Karin Kammerling]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Anna-Karin Kammerling]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[World record progression 50 metres butterfly|Women's 50 metre butterfly<br />world record holder (long course)]]|years=20 May 2000 – 30 July 2002}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Anna-Karin Kammerling]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Jenny Thompson]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[World record progression 100 metres butterfly|Women's 100 metre butterfly<br />world record holder (long course)]]|years=27 May 2000 – 26 July 2009}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Sarah Sjöström]]}}
{{s-ach}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Leontien van Moorsel]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Dutch Sportsman of the year|Dutch Sportswoman of the Year]]|years=2001}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Verona van de Leur]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Penny Heyns]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Swimming World Swimmers of the Year|World Swimmer of the Year]]|years= 2000–2001}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Natalie Coughlin]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Ágnes Kovács]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Swimming World Swimmers of the Year|European Swimmer of the Year]]|years= 1999–2001}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Franziska van Almsick]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Footer Olympic Champions 50 m Freestyle Women}}
{{Footer Olympic Champions 100 m Freestyle Women}}
{{Footer Olympic Champions 100 m Butterfly Women}}
{{Footer World LC Champions 50m Freestyle Women}}
{{Footer World LC Champions 100m Freestyle Women}}
{{Footer World LC Champions 50m Butterfly Women}}
{{Footer World SC Champions 50m Freestyle Women}}
{{Footer European Champions 50m Freestyle Women}}
{{Footer European Champions 100m Butterfly Women}}
{{Footer European Champions 4x100m Freestyle Women}}
{{Footer European SC Champions 50m Freestyle Women}}
{{Footer European SC Champions 100m Freestyle Women}}
{{Footer European SC Champions 50m Butterfly Women}}
{{Footer Netherlands Swimming 1992 Summer Olympics}}
{{Footer Netherlands Swimming 2000 Summer Olympics}}
{{Footer Netherlands Swimming 2004 Summer Olympics}}
{{PAP European Sportsperson of the Year}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bruijn, Inge De}}
[[Category:1973 births]]
[[Category:Olympic swimmers for the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Swimmers at the 1992 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Swimmers at the 2000 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Swimmers at the 2004 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Dutch female butterfly swimmers]]
[[Category:Dutch female freestyle swimmers]]
[[Category:Olympic gold medalists for the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Olympic silver medalists for the Netherlands]]
[[Category:Olympic bronze medalists for the Netherlands]]
[[Category:World record setters in swimming]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from Barendrecht]]
[[Category:Swimmers from South Holland]]
[[Category:Olympic bronze medalists in swimming]]
[[Category:World Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming]]
[[Category:Medalists at the FINA World Swimming Championships (25 m)]]
[[Category:European Aquatics Championships medalists in swimming]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 2004 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Medalists at the 2000 Summer Olympics]]
[[Category:Olympic gold medalists in swimming]]
[[Category:Olympic silver medalists in swimming]]
[[Category:21st-century Dutch sportswomen]]
[[Category:20th-century Dutch sportswomen]]