View source for Ingrid Bergman

{{Short description|Swedish actress (1915–1982)}}
{{Distinguish|Ingmar Bergman}}
{{EngvarB|date=February 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2025}}
{{Infobox person
| name               = Ingrid Bergman
| image              = Ingrid Bergman, Gaslight 1944.jpg
| caption            = Bergman in 1944
| birth_date         = {{Birth date|df=yes|1915|8|29}}
| birth_place        = [[Stockholm]], Sweden
| death_date         = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1982|8|29|1915|8|29}}
| death_place        = London, England
| resting_place      = [[Norra Begravningsplatsen]], Stockholm
| years active       = 1932–1982
| occupation         = Actress
| spouse             = {{Plainlist|
* {{Marriage|[[Petter Lindström]]|1937|1950|end=div}}
* {{Marriage|[[Roberto Rossellini]]|1950|1957|end=div}}
* {{Marriage|[[Lars Schmidt (producer)|Lars Schmidt]]|1958|1975|end=div}}
}}
| children           = 4, including [[Pia Lindström]] and [[Isabella Rossellini]]
| awards             = [[List of awards and nominations received by Ingrid Bergman|Full list]]
| website            = {{URL|http://www.ingridbergman.com|ingridbergman.com}}
| signature          = Ingrid Bergman signature.svg
}}

'''Ingrid Bergman'''{{efn|{{IPA|sv|ˈɪ̌ŋːrɪd ˈbæ̌rjman|lang|Sv-Ingrid_Bergman_2.ogg}}}} (29 August 1915{{spnd}}29 August 1982) was a Swedish actress.<ref name="WVobit">Obituary ''[[Variety Obituaries|Variety]]'', 1 September 1982.</ref> With a career spanning five decades,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Biography – The Official Licensing Website of Ingrid Bergman |url=https://www.ingridbergman.com/biography/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170530175445/http://www.ingridbergman.com/about/bio.htm |archive-date=30 May 2017 |access-date=12 November 2020 |website=Ingrid Bergman}}</ref> Bergman is often regarded as one of the most influential actresses in the [[history of cinema]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Harlan |first=Justin |date=12 April 2018 |title=Criterion Honors the Great "Betterlater" with Eclipse Series 46: Ingrid Bergman's Swedish Years |url=https://cinapse.co/criterion-honors-the-great-betterlater-with-eclipse-series-46-ingrid-bergmans-swedish-years-81e2ffbf323 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230207235454/https://cinapse.co/criterion-honors-the-great-betterlater-with-eclipse-series-46-ingrid-bergmans-swedish-years-81e2ffbf323 |archive-date=7 February 2023 |access-date=12 November 2020 |website=Medium}}</ref> She won [[List of awards and nominations received by Ingrid Bergman|numerous accolades]], including three [[Academy Awards]], two [[Primetime Emmy Awards]], a [[Tony Award]]; these accolades makes her the youngest performer to achieve [[Triple Crown of Acting]] and one of only four actresses to have received at least [[List of actors with two or more Academy Awards in acting categories|three acting Academy Awards]] (only [[Katharine Hepburn]] has four).

Born in Stockholm to a Swedish father and German mother, Bergman began her acting career in Swedish and German films. Her introduction to the U.S. audience came in the English-language remake of ''[[Intermezzo (1939 film)|Intermezzo]]'' (1939). Known for her naturally luminous beauty, she starred in ''[[Casablanca (film)|Casablanca]]'' (1942) as Ilsa Lund. Bergman's notable performances in the 1940s include the dramas ''[[For Whom the Bell Tolls (film)|For Whom the Bell Tolls]]'' (1943), ''[[Gaslight (1944 film)|Gaslight]]'' (1944), ''[[The Bells of St. Mary's]]'' (1945), and ''[[Joan of Arc (1948 film)|Joan of Arc]]'' (1948), all of which earned her nominations for the [[Academy Award for Best Actress]]; she won for ''Gaslight''. She made three films with [[Alfred Hitchcock]]: ''[[Spellbound (1945 film)|Spellbound]]'' (1945), [[Notorious (1946 film)|''Notorious'']] (1946), and ''[[Under Capricorn]]'' (1949).

In 1950, she starred in [[Roberto Rossellini]]'s ''[[Stromboli (1950 film)|Stromboli]]'', released after the revelation that she was having an affair with Rossellini; that and her pregnancy before their marriage created a scandal in the U.S. that prompted her to remain in Europe for several years. During this time, she starred in Rossellini's ''[[Europa '51]]'' and ''[[Journey to Italy]]'' (1954), the former of which won her the [[Volpi Cup for Best Actress]]. The Volpi Cup was not awarded to her in 1952 because she was dubbed (by [[Lydia Simoneschi]]) in the version presented at the Festival;<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.archiviolastampa.it/component/option,com_lastampa/task,search/mod,libera/action,viewer/Itemid,3/page,3/articleid,0049_01_1952_0217_0003_12052662/|title=The Award Ceremony|work=[[La Stampa]]|date=13 September 1952|accessdate=11 September 2015|page=3}}</ref> she was awarded posthumously in 1992, and the prize was accepted by her son Roberto Rossellini.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-09-12/news/9209120720_1_bergman-venice-film-festival-ingrid|title=Bergman's Son To Accept Honor For Mom|work=[[Orlando Sentinel]]|date=12 September 1992|accessdate=11 September 2015|language=en|archive-date=1 July 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150701003319/http://articles.orlandosentinel.com/1992-09-12/news/9209120720_1_bergman-venice-film-festival-ingrid|url-status=dead}}</ref> She returned to Hollywood, earning two more Academy Awards for her roles in ''[[Anastasia (1956 film)|Anastasia]]'' (1956) and ''[[Murder on the Orient Express (1974 film)|Murder on the Orient Express]]'' (1974). During this period she also starred in ''[[Indiscreet (1958 film)|Indiscreet]]'' (1958), ''[[Cactus Flower (film)|Cactus Flower]]'' (1969), and ''[[Autumn Sonata]]'' (1978) receiving her sixth Best Actress nomination.

Bergman won the [[Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play]] for the [[Maxwell Anderson]] play ''[[Joan of Lorraine]]'' (1947). She also won two [[Primetime Emmy Awards for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited Series or Movie]] for ''[[The Turn of the Screw (Ford Startime)|The Turn of the Screw]]'' (1960), and ''[[A Woman Called Golda]]'' (1982). In 1974, Bergman discovered she was suffering from breast cancer but continued to work until shortly before her death on her sixty-seventh birthday in 1982. Bergman spoke five languages—Swedish, English, German, Italian, and French—and acted in each.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Rossellini |first=Isabella |author-link=Isabella Rossellini |date=4 August 2016 |title=Isabella Rossellini: my mother Ingrid Bergman taught me independence |url=https://inews.co.uk/culture/film/isabella-rossellini-extraordinary-gifts-mother-ingrid-bergman-16783 |access-date=22 September 2021 |website=[[i (British newspaper)|i]]}}</ref> In 1999, the [[American Film Institute]] recognized her as the fourth-greatest female [[AFI's 100 Years...100 Stars|screen legend]] of [[Classical Hollywood cinema|Classic Hollywood Cinema]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI's 100 Years ... 100 Stars |url=http://www.afi.com/tvevents/100years/stars.aspx |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061020084914/http://www.afi.com/tvevents/100years/stars.aspx |archive-date=20 October 2006 |access-date=23 October 2006 |publisher=[[American Film Institute]]}}</ref>

==Early life==
{{Multiple image
| align             = left
| direction         = vertical
| total_width       = 180
| image1            = Ingrid Bergman with her father 1921.jpg
| alt1              = 
| caption1          = Six-year-old Bergman with her father, Justus
| image2            = Ingrid Bergman at age 14.jpg
| caption2          = Bergman at around the age of 14. The self-portrait was taken with camera equipment inherited from her father.<ref>{{Cite web |date=15 July 2015 |title=Ingrid Bergman: a life in pictures |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/gallery/2015/jul/15/ingrid-bergman-from-gawky-teenager-to-international-film-star-in-pictures |access-date=29 December 2017 |website=The Guardian}}</ref>
}}

Ingrid Bergman was born on 29 August 1915 in Stockholm, to a Swedish father, Justus Samuel Bergman,<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Official Ingrid Bergman Web Site |url=https://www.goliath-entertainment.com |url-status=usurped |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170530175445/http://www.ingridbergman.com/about/bio.htm |archive-date=30 May 2017 |access-date=31 May 2017 |website=Ingridbergman.com}}</ref> and a [[German people|German]] mother, Frieda "Friedel" Henriette Auguste Louise Bergman ([[née]] Adler), who was born in [[Kiel]].<ref name="Chandler">{{Cite book |last=Chandler, Charlotte |url=https://archive.org/details/ingridingridberg00chan/page/19 |title=Ingrid: Ingrid Bergman, A Personal Biography |publisher=Simon & Schuster |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-7432-9421-8 |location=New York |pages=[https://archive.org/details/ingridingridberg00chan/page/19 19, 21, 294]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ziolkowska-Boehm |first=Aleksandra |author-link=Aleksandra Ziółkowska-Boehm |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uZuwAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA13 |title=Ingrid Bergman and her American Relatives |date=28 August 2013 |publisher=Rowman & Littlefield |isbn=9780761861515}}</ref> Her parents married in [[Hamburg]] on 13 June 1907.<ref name="ancestry">Ancestry Library Edition{{verify source|date=February 2023}}</ref><ref>''Standesamt Hamburg'' 3, 1907 No. 173.</ref> She was named after [[Princess Ingrid of Sweden]]. Although she was raised in Sweden, she spent her summers in Germany and spoke fluent German.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lunde |first=Arne |title=Nordic Exposures: Scandinavian Identities in Classical Hollywood Cinema |publisher=University of Washington Press |year=2011 |isbn=9780295800844 |page=157}}</ref>

Bergman was raised as an only child, as two older siblings had died in infancy before she was born. When she was two and a half years old, her mother died. She learned to create imaginary friends as a child.<ref name="NYT"/> Justus Bergman had wanted his daughter to become an opera star and had her take voice lessons for three years.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Russell Taylor |first=John |url=https://archive.org/details/ingridbergman00tayl |title=Ingrid Bergman |publisher=St. Martin's Press |year=1983 |isbn=0-312-41796-9 |location=Great Britain |url-access=registration}}</ref> He sent her to the {{lang|sv|[[Palmgrenska Samskolan]]}}, a prestigious girls' school in Stockholm where Bergman was reportedly neither a good student nor popular.<ref name=":0"/>

Justus was a photographer and loved documenting his daughter's birthdays with his camera.<ref name="LifeMag"/> He made his daughter one of his favorite photographic subjects. She enjoyed dancing, dressing up, and acting in front of her father's lenses. "I was perhaps the most photographed child in Scandinavia," quipped Bergman in her later years.<ref name="HutchinsonOpinion"/> In 1929, when Bergman was around 14, her father died of stomach cancer. Losing her parents at such a young age was a trauma that Bergman later described as "living with an ache", an experience of which she was not even aware.<ref name="HutchinsonOpinion"/>

After her father's death, Bergman was sent to live with her paternal aunt, Ellen, who died of heart disease six months later. Bergman then lived with her paternal uncle Otto and his wife Hulda, who had five children of their own. She also visited her maternal aunt, Elsa Adler, whom the young girl called {{lang|de|Mutti}} (Mom) according to family lore.<ref name="Chandler"/>{{rp|294}} She later said, "I have wanted to be an actress almost as long as I can remember",<ref name="Steele_Bergman">{{cite book |last=Steele |first=Joseph Henry |date= 31 October 2019 |title=Ingrid Bergman: An Intimate Portrait |url=https://archive.org/details/ingridbergmanint00stee |location=New York, USA |publisher=Popular Library |page=19 |isbn=9780000033338}}</ref> sometimes wearing her deceased mother's clothing, and staging plays in her father's empty studio.{{citation needed|date=August 2022}}

Bergman spoke Swedish and German as [[first language]]s, English and Italian (acquired later, while living in the U.S. and Italy),<ref name="Leamer2"/> and French (learned in school). She acted in each of these languages at various times.<ref name="JP"/>

Bergman received a scholarship to the state-sponsored [[Royal Dramatic Training Academy]], where [[Greta Garbo]] had some years earlier earned a similar scholarship. After several months, she was given a part in a new play, {{lang|sv|Ett Brott}} (''A Crime''), written by [[Sigfrid Siwertz]]. This was "totally against procedure" at the school, where girls were expected to complete three years of study before getting such acting roles.<ref name="Chandler"/>{{rp|33}} During her first summer break, Bergman was hired by Swedish film studio [[Svensk Filmindustri]], which led her to leave the Royal Dramatic Theatre after just one year to work in films full-time.<ref name="k827">{{cite web | last=Hutchinson |first=Pamela |title=Eclipse Series 46: Ingrid Bergman's Swedish Years | website=The Criterion Collection | date=10 April 2018 | url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/5543-eclipse-series-46-ingrid-bergman-s-swedish-years | access-date=4 July 2024}}</ref>

== Career ==
=== 1935–1938: Swedish years ===
Bergman's first film experience was as an [[Extra (acting)|extra]] in the 1932 film {{lang|sv|Landskamp}}, an experience she described as "walking on holy ground".<ref name="HutchinsonOpinion"/> Her first speaking role was a small part in {{lang|sv|[[Munkbrogreven]]}} (1935).<ref name="HutchinsonOpinion"/> Bergman played Elsa, a maid in a seedy hotel, being pursued by the leading man, [[Edvin Adolphson]]. Critics called her "hefty and sure of herself", and "somewhat overweight ... with an unusual way of speaking her lines". The unflatteringly striped costume that she wore may have contributed to the unfavorable comments regarding her appearance.<ref name=Eclipse/><ref name="HutchinsonOpinion"/> Soon after {{lang|sv|Munkbrogreven}}, Bergman was offered a studio contract and placed under director [[Gustaf Molander]].<ref name="HutchinsonOpinion"/>

{{Multiple image
| align             = right
| direction         = vertical
| total_width       = 180
| image1            = Bergman first role.jpg
| alt1              = 
| caption1          = Bergman as Elsa in {{lang|sv|Munkbrogreven}} (1935)
| image2            = Ekman & Bergman Intermezzo 1936 Still.jpg
| caption2          = Bergman with Gösta Ekman in ''Intermezzo'' (1936)
}}

Bergman starred in ''[[Ocean Breakers]]'', in which she played a fisherman's daughter, and then in {{lang|sv|[[Swedenhielms]]}}, where she had the opportunity to work alongside her idol [[Gösta Ekman (senior)|Gösta Ekman]]. Next, she starred in ''[[Walpurgis Night (film)|Walpurgis Night]]'' (1935).<ref name="HutchinsonOpinion">{{Cite web |date=14 November 2017 |title=Ingrid Bergman's early years {{!}} Sight & Sound |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/news-opinion/sight-sound-magazine/features/ingrid-bergman-early-years-sweden-germany |access-date=17 October 2020 |website=British Film Institute}}</ref><ref name=Eclipse/> She played Lena, a secretary in love with her boss, Johan, who is unhappily married. Throughout, Lena and the wife vie for Johan's affection, with the wife losing her husband to Lena at the end.<ref name=Eclipse/>

In 1936, in ''On the Sunny Side'' ({{ill|På Solsidan|sv|På Solsidan}}), Bergman was cast as an orphan from a good family who marries a rich older gentleman. Also in 1936, she appeared in ''[[Intermezzo (1936 film)|Intermezzo]]'', her first lead performance, where she was reunited with Gösta Ekman. This was a pivotal film for the young actress and allowed her to demonstrate her talent. Director Molander later said: "I created ''Intermezzo'' for her, but I was not responsible for its success. Ingrid herself made it successful."<ref name="HutchinsonOpinion"/> In 1938, she starred in ''[[Only One Night (1939 film)|Only One Night]]'', playing an upper-class woman living on a country estate. She didn't like the part, calling it "a piece of rubbish".<ref name=":9">{{Cite web |last=Hutchinson |first=Pamela |title=Eclipse Series 46: Ingrid Bergman's Swedish Years |url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/5543-eclipse-series-46-ingrid-bergman-s-swedish-years |access-date=30 October 2020 |website=The Criterion Collection}}</ref> She only agreed to appear if only she could star in the studio's next film project, {{lang|sv|En kvinnas ansikte}}.<ref>{{Citation |title=Only One Night (1939) – IMDb |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0031270/trivia |access-date=19 October 2020}}</ref><ref name=":9"/> She later acted in ''Dollar'' (1938),<ref name=Eclipse/> a Scandinavian screwball comedy. Bergman had just been voted Sweden's most admired movie star in the previous year and received top billing. {{lang|sv|Svenska Dagbladet}} wrote in its review: "Ingrid Bergman's feline appearance as an industrial tycoon's wife overshadows them all."<ref name=":9"/>

In her next film, a role created especially for her,&nbsp;{{lang|sv|[[En kvinnas ansikte]]}} (''A Woman's Face''), she played against her usual casting, as a bitter, unsympathetic character, whose face had been hideously burned. Anna Holm is the leader of a blackmail gang that targets the wealthy folk of Stockholm for their money and jewellery.<ref name=Eclipse/> The film required Bergman to wear heavy make-up, as well as glue, to simulate a burned face. A brace was put in place to distort the shape of one cheek. In her diary, she called the film "my own picture, my very own. I have fought for it.". The critics loved her performance, citing her as an actor of great talent and confidence.<ref name="HutchinsonOpinion"/> The film was awarded a Special Recommendation at the [[1938 Venice Film Festival]], for its "overall artistic contribution".<ref>[https://archive.today/20110614063501/http://www.sfi.se/sv/svensk-film/Filmdatabasen/?itemid=3863&type=MOVIE&iv=Awards En kvinnas ansikte – Utmärkelser] (in Swedish). [[Swedish Film Institute]]. Retrieved on 29 April 2009.</ref> It was remade in 1941 by [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]] with the same title, starring [[Joan Crawford]].<ref>{{AFI film|id=26990|title=A Woman's Face}}.</ref>

Bergman signed a three-picture contract with UFA, the German major film company, although she only made one picture. At the time, she was pregnant, but, nonetheless, she arrived in Berlin to begin filming ''[[The Four Companions (film)|The Four Companions]]'' ({{lang|de|Die vier Gesellen}}) (1938), directed by [[Carl Froelich]]. The film was intended as a star vehicle to launch Bergman's career in Germany.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Lunde |first=Arne |title=Nordic Exposures: Scandinavian Identities in Classical Hollywood Cinema |publisher=University of Washington Press |year=2010 |isbn=978-0-295-99045-3 |location=Seattle}}</ref>{{rp|157}}<ref name="HutchinsonOpinion"/> In the film, she played one of four ambitious young women, attempting to set up a graphic design agency. The film was a light-hearted combination of comedy and romance. At first, she did not comprehend the political and social situation in Germany. Later, she said: "I saw very quickly that if you were anybody at all in films, you had to be a member of the Nazi party."<ref name="HutchinsonOpinion"/> By September, she was back in Sweden, and gave birth to her daughter, Pia. She was never to work in Germany again.<ref name="HutchinsonOpinion"/>

Bergman appeared in eleven films in her native Sweden before the age of twenty-five. Her characters were always plagued with uncertainty, fear, and anxiety. The early Swedish films were not masterpieces,<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman's Swedish film |url=http://kinotuskanac.hr/en/article/svedski-filmovi-ingrid-bergman |access-date=19 October 2020 |website=Kino Tuškanac}}</ref> but she worked with some of the biggest talents in the Swedish film industry, such as Gösta Ekman, [[Karin Swanström]], [[Victor Sjöström]], and [[Lars Hanson]]. It showcased her immense acting talent, as a young woman with a bright future ahead of her.<ref name="Eclipse">{{Cite web |title=Eclipse Series 46: Ingrid Bergman's Swedish Years |url=https://www.criterion.com/boxsets/1315-eclipse-series-46-ingrid-bergman-s-swedish-years |access-date=17 October 2020 |website=The Criterion Collection}}</ref>

===1939–1949: Hollywood and stage work breakthrough===
[[File:Ingrid Bergman Portrait Still.jpg|left|thumb|upright|Bergman in 1941]]

Bergman's first acting role in the United States was in ''[[Intermezzo: A Love Story]]'' by [[Gregory Ratoff]] which premiered on 22 September 1939.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/5126-INTERMEZZO-A-LOVE-STORY?cxt=filmography |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> She accepted the invitation of [[Hollywood (film industry)|Hollywood]] producer [[David O. Selznick]], who wished her to star in the English-language remake of her earlier Swedish film ''[[Intermezzo (1936 film)|Intermezzo]]'' (1936). Unable to speak English, and uncertain about her acceptance by the American audience, she expected to complete this one film and return home to Sweden. Her husband, Petter Aron Lindström, remained in Sweden with their daughter Pia (born 1938).<ref name=Chandler/>{{rp|63}} In ''Intermezzo'', she played the role of a young piano accompanist, opposite [[Leslie Howard]], who played a famous violin virtuoso. Bergman arrived in [[Los Angeles]] on 6 May 1939 and stayed at the Selznick home until she could find another residence.

According to Selznick's son Danny, who was a child at the time, his father had concerns about Bergman: "She didn't speak English, she was too tall, her name sounded too German, and her eyebrows were too thick". Bergman was soon accepted without having to modify her looks or name, despite some early suggestions by Selznick.<ref name="Chandler"/>{{rp|6}} "He let her have her way", notes a story in ''[[Life (magazine)|Life]]'' magazine. Selznick understood her fear of Hollywood make-up artists, who might turn her into someone she wouldn't recognize, and "instructed them to lay off". He was also aware that her natural good looks would compete successfully with Hollywood's "synthetic razzle-dazzle".<ref name="LifeMag"/>
During the following weeks, while ''Intermezzo'' was being filmed, Selznick was also filming ''[[Gone with the Wind (film)|Gone with the Wind]]''. In a letter to William Hebert, his publicity director, Selznick described a few of his early impressions of Bergman: {{blockquote|Miss Bergman is the most completely conscientious actress with whom I have ever worked, in that she thinks of absolutely nothing but her work before and during the time she is doing a picture&nbsp;... She practically never leaves the studio, and even suggested that her dressing room be equipped so that she could live here during the picture. She never for a minute suggests quitting at six o'clock or anything of the kind&nbsp;... Because of having four stars acting in ''Gone with the Wind'', our star dressing-room suites were all occupied and we had to assign her a smaller suite. She went into ecstasies over it and said she had never had such a suite in her life&nbsp;... All of this is completely unaffected and completely unique and I should think would make a grand angle of approach to her publicity&nbsp;... so that her natural sweetness and consideration and conscientiousness become something of a legend&nbsp;... and is completely in keeping with the fresh and pure personality and appearance which caused me to sign her.<ref name="Selznick">Selznick, David O. "Memo from David O. Selznick", Selected and edited by [[Rudy Behlmer]], Viking Press (1972), in letter dated 22 June 1939.</ref>{{rp|135–136}}}}

[[File:Ingrid Bergman studio portrait photo.jpg|thumb|Bergman in 1939]]

''Intermezzo'' became an enormous success and as a result, Bergman became a star. Ratoff, said, "She is sensational." This was the "sentiment of the entire set", wrote a retrospective,{{Vague|date=October 2020}}<!-- Which retrospective? --> adding that workmen went out of their way to do things for her and that the cast and crew "admired the quick, alert concentration she gave to direction and to her lines".<ref name="LifeMag"/> Film historian [[David Thomson (film critic)|David Thomson]] notes that this became "the start of an astonishing impact on Hollywood and America", where her lack of make-up contributed to an "air of nobility". According to ''Life'', the impression that she left on Hollywood, after she returned to Sweden, was of a tall girl "with light brown hair and blue eyes who was painfully shy, but friendly, with a warm, straight, quick smile".<ref name="LifeMag"/>

Selznick appreciated her uniqueness.<ref name="Thomson"/>{{rp|76}} Bergman was hailed as a fine new talent, and received many positive reviews. ''[[The New York Times]]'' noted her "freshness and simplicity and natural dignity" and the maturity of her acting which was nonetheless, free of "stylistic traits—the mannerisms, postures, precise inflections—that become the stock in trade of the matured actress". [[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] noted that she was warm and convincing, and provided an "arresting performance" and that her "charm, sincerity" ...and "infectious vivaciousness" would "serve her well in both comedy and drama". There was also recognition of her natural appearance, in contrast to other film actresses. ''[[The New York Tribune]]'' critic wrote: "Using scarcely any make-up, but playing with mobile intensity, she creates the character so vividly and credibly that it becomes the core of [the] narrative."<ref name="Quirk2"/>{{rp|73–74}} Bergman made her stage debut in 1940 with ''[[Liliom]]'' opposite [[Burgess Meredith]],<ref name="Leamer2">{{Cite book |last=Leamer, Laurence |url=https://archive.org/details/astimegoesbylif00leam |title=As Time Goes By: The Life of Ingrid Bergman |publisher=[[Harper & Row]] |year=1986 |isbn=0-06-015485-3 |pages=459, 460, 461, 464}}</ref> at a time when she was still learning English. Selznick was worried that his new starlet's value would diminish if she received bad reviews. Brooks Atkinson of ''The New York Times'' said that Bergman seemed at ease, and commanded the stage that evening.<ref name=":0"/> That same year she starred in ''[[June Night]]'' ({{lang|sv|Juninatten}}), a [[Swedish language]] [[drama]] film directed by [[Per Lindberg]].<ref>Charlotte Chandler, ''Ingrid: Ingrid Bergman, A Personal Biography'' pg. 71; ISBN 141653914X (2007)<br> ''" ... more films in Germany ended, Ingrid started the last Swedish film she had agreed to do, ''June Night''. The theme of the film, sexual harassment, was well ahead of its time. {{lang|sv|Juninatten}} (''June Night'', 1940) Kerstin Nosbäc (Ingrid Bergman) leads ..."''</ref> She plays Kerstin, a woman who has been shot by her lover. The news reaches the national papers. Kerstin moves to Stockholm under the new name of Sara, but lives under the scrutiny and watchful eye of her new community. {{lang|sv|Öresunds-Posten}} wrote, "Bergman establishes herself as an actress belonging to the world elite."<ref name=Eclipse/>

{{Multiple image
| align =
| direction = vertical
| total_width = 185
| image1 = Rage in Heaven poster.jpg
| alt1 =
| caption1 = ''Rage in Heaven'' (1941) poster with Bergman, [[Robert Montgomery (actor)|Robert Montgomery]], and [[George Sanders]]
| image2 = Bogart Bergman Casablanca.jpg
| caption2 = Bogart and Bergman as lovers in ''Casablanca'' (1942)
| image3 = Ingrid Bergman The Bells of St. Mary's Photo.jpg
| caption3 = Bergman as Sister Benedict in ''The Bells of St. Mary's'' (1945)
}}

Bergman was loaned out of David O. Selznick's company, to appear in three films which were released in 1941. On 18 February, Robert Sherwood Productions' released her second collaboration with Gregory Ratoff, ''[[Adam Had Four Sons]].''<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/26586-ADAM-HAD-FOUR-SONS?cxt=filmography |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> On 7 March, [[Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer]] released [[W. S. Van Dyke]]'s ''[[Rage in Heaven]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/27034-RAGE-IN-HEAVEN?cxt=filmography |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> On 12 August, [[Victor Fleming]]'s ''[[Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1941 film)|Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde]]'', another Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer production, had its New York opening. Bergman was supposed to play the "good girl" role of Dr Jekyll's fiancée but pleaded with the studio that she should play the "bad girl" Ivy, the saucy barmaid.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (1941) |url=https://nymag.com/listings/movie/dr-jekyll-and-mr-hyde-1902/ |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=NYMag.com}}</ref> Reviews noted that "she gave a finely-shaded performance". A New York Times review stated that "the young Swedish actress proves again, that a shining talent can sometimes lift itself above an impossibly written role".<ref name="Quirk2">{{Cite book |last=Quirk |first=Lawrence J. |url=http://archive.org/details/filmsofingridber0000quir |title=The films of Ingrid Bergman |date=13 October 1970 |publisher=Citadel Press |location=New York|isbn=9780806502120 |via=Internet Archive}}</ref>{{rp|84}} Another review said: "she displays a canny combination of charm, understanding, restraint and sheer acting ability."<ref name="Quirk2"/>{{rp|85}}

On 30 July 1941 at the Lobero Theatre in Santa Barbara, Bergman made her second stage appearance in ''[[Anna Christie]].<ref name="Leamer2"/>''<ref name=":0"/> She was praised for her performance as a whore in the play based on Eugene O'Neill's work. A San Francisco paper said she was as unspoiled as a fresh Swedish snowball. Selznick called her "The [[Colgate-Palmolive|Palmolive]] [[Greta Garbo|Garbo]]", a reference to a popular soap, and a well-known Swedish actress of the time. Thornton Delaharty said, "Lunching with Ingrid is like sitting down to an hour or so of conversation with an intelligent orchid."<ref name=":7">{{Cite book |last=Bergman |first=Ingrid |title=My Story |publisher=Sphere Books Ltd |year=1981 |isbn=0722116314 |location=Great Britain |page=531}}</ref>

''[[Casablanca (film)|Casablanca]]'', by [[Michael Curtiz]], opened on 26 November 1942.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/27175-CASABLANCA?cxt=filmography |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> Bergman co-starred with [[Humphrey Bogart]] in the film; this remains her best-known role. She played the role of Ilsa, the former love of Rick Blaine and wife of Victor Laszlo, fleeing with Laszlo to the United States.<ref name="Chandler"/> The film premiered on 26 November 1942 at New York's [[Hollywood Theater (New York)|Hollywood Theater]]. ''[[The Hollywood Reporter]]'' wrote, "The events are shot with sharp humor and delightful touches of political satire."<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 November 2014 |title='Casablanca': THR's 1942 Review {{!}} Hollywood Reporter |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/casablanca-review-1942-movie-752498 |access-date=11 October 2020 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref> It went into more general release, in January 1943.<ref name="Quirk2"/>{{rp|86}}''Casablanca'' was not one of Bergman's favorite performances. "I made so many films which were more important, but the only one people ever want to talk about is that one with Bogart."<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman – The Official Licensing Website of Ingrid Bergman |url=https://www.ingridbergman.com/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |website=Ingrid Bergman}}</ref> In later years, she stated, "I feel about ''Casablanca'' that it has a life of its own. There is something mystical about it. It seems to have filled a need, a need that was there before the film, a need that the film filled".<ref name="Chandler"/>{{rp|88}} Despite her personal views regarding her performance, [[Bosley Crowther]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' wrote that "Bergman was surprisingly lovely, crisp and natural&nbsp;... and lights the romantic passages with a warm and genuine glow". Other reviewers said that she "[plays] the heroine with&nbsp;... appealing authority and beauty" and "illuminates every scene in which she appears" and compared her to "a youthful Garbo."<ref name="Quirk2"/>{{rp|89}}

''[[For Whom the Bell Tolls (film)|For Whom the Bell Tolls]]'' had its New York premiere on 14 July 1943.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/437-FOR-WHOM-THE-BELL-TOLLS?cxt=filmography |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> With "Selznick's steady boosting", she played the part of Maria, it was also her first color film. For the role, she received her first Academy Award nomination for [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]. The film was adapted from [[Ernest Hemingway]]'s [[For Whom the Bell Tolls|novel of the same title]] and co-starred [[Gary Cooper]]. When the book was sold to [[Paramount Pictures]], Hemingway stated that "Miss Bergman, and no one else, should play the part". His opinion came from seeing her in her first American role, ''Intermezzo''. They met a few weeks later, and after studying her, he declared, "You ''are'' Maria!".<ref name="LifeMag">Carlile, Thomas, and Speiser, Jean. ''Life'', 26 July 1943, pp. 98–104.</ref> [[James Agee]], writing in ''[[The Nation]]'', said Bergman "bears a startling resemblance to an imaginable human being; she really knows how to act, in a blend of poetic grace with quiet realism,<ref name="James"/> which almost never appears in American pictures." He speaks movingly of her character's confession of her rape, and her scene of farewell, "which is shattering to watch". Agee believed that Bergman has truly studied what Maria might feel and look like in real life, and not in a Hollywood film. Her performance is both "devastating and wonderful to see".<ref name="Quirk2"/>{{rp|94}}

''[[Gaslight (1944 film)|Gaslight]]'' opened on 4 May 1944.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/1552-GASLIGHT?cxt=filmography |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> Bergman won her first [[Academy Award for Best Actress]] for her performance. Under the direction of [[George Cukor]], she portrayed a "wife driven close to madness" by her husband, played by [[Charles Boyer]]. The film, according to Thomson, "was the peak of her Hollywood glory."<ref name=Thomson/>{{rp|77}} Reviewers noted her sympathetic and emotional performance, and that she exercised restraint, by not allowing emotion to "slip off into hysteria". ''The New York Journal-American'' called her "one of the finest actresses in filmdom" and said that "she flames in passion and flickers in depression until the audience—becomes rigid in its seats".<ref name="Quirk2"/>{{rp|99–100}}

{{Multiple image
| align = left
| direction = vertical
| total_width = 195
| image1 = Spellbound poster.jpg
| alt1 =
| caption1 = Bergman with [[Gregory Peck]] in ''Spellbound'' (1945)
| image2 = Gary Cooper in Saratoga Trunk 1945.jpg
| caption2 = Bergman in ''Saratoga Trunk'' (1945)
| image3 = Notorious1946.jpg
| caption3 = Bergman and Cary Grant in a publicity photo for ''Notorious'' (1946)
}}

''[[The Bells of St. Mary's]]'' premiered on 6 December 1945.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/24326-THE-BELLS-OF-ST-MARYS?cxt=filmography |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> Bergman played a nun opposite [[Bing Crosby]], for which she received her third consecutive nomination for Best Actress. Crosby plays a priest who is assigned to a Roman Catholic school where he conflicts with its headmistress, played by Bergman. Reviewer Nathan Robin said: "Crosby's laconic ease brings out the impishness behind Bergman's fine-china delicacy, and Bergman proves a surprisingly spunky and spirited comic foil for Crosby".<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Bells Of St. Mary's |url=https://thedissolve.com/reviews/381-the-bells-of-st-marys/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201010115504/http://thedissolve.com/reviews/381-the-bells-of-st-marys/ |archive-date=10 October 2020 |access-date=13 October 2020 |website=The Dissolve}}</ref> The film was the biggest box office hit of 1945.<ref>{{Cite web |date=9 December 2019 |title=The Bells of St. Mary's – Media Play News |work=Media Play News |url=https://www.mediaplaynews.com/the-bells-of-st-marys-review/ |access-date=13 October 2020 |last1=Clark |first1=Mike }}</ref>

[[Alfred Hitchcock]]'s ''[[Spellbound (1945 film)|Spellbound]]'' premiered on 28 December 1945.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/24594-SPELLBOUND?cxt=filmography |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> In ''Spellbound'', Bergman played Dr. Constance Petersen, a psychiatrist whose analysis could determine whether or not Dr. Anthony Edwardes, played by [[Gregory Peck]], is guilty of murder. Artist [[Salvador Dalí]] was hired to create a dream sequence but much of what had been shot was cut by Selznick.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lyttelton |first=Oliver |date=31 October 2012 |title=5 Things You May Not Know About Alfred Hitchcock's 'Spellbound' |url=https://www.indiewire.com/2012/10/5-things-you-may-not-know-about-alfred-hitchcocks-spellbound-104471/ |access-date=9 October 2020 |website=IndieWire}}</ref> During the film, she had the opportunity to appear with [[Michael Chekhov]], who was her acting coach during the 1940s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ledger |first=Adam J. |title=Michael Chekhov |url=http://www.litencyc.com/php/speople.php?rec=true&UID=5949 |access-date=6 March 2007 |website=litencye.com |publisher=The Literary Dictionary Company}}</ref> This would be the first of three collaborations she had with Hitchcock.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Cerabona |first=Ron |date=7 September 2019 |title=Fine pairings of director and star |url=https://www.canberratimes.com.au/story/6361690/fine-pairings-of-director-and-star/ |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=The Canberra Times}}</ref>

Next, Bergman starred in ''[[Saratoga Trunk]]'', with Gary Cooper, a film originally shot in 1943, but released on 30 March 1946.<ref name="Bogle">{{Citation |last=Bogle |first=Donald |title=Heat Wave: The Life and Career of Ethel Waters |url=https://archive.org/details/heatwavelifecare2011bogl/page/369 |page=[https://archive.org/details/heatwavelifecare2011bogl/page/369 369] |year=2011 |publisher=Harper-Collins |isbn=978-0-06-124173-4 |author-link=Donald Bogle}}</ref> It was first released to the armed forces overseas. In deference to more timely war-themed and patriotic films, Warner Bros held back the theatrical opening in the United States.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/MovieDetails/24565 |access-date=8 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> On 6 September premiered Hitchcock's ''[[Notorious (1946 film)|Notorious]].''<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/24900-NOTORIOUS?cxt=filmography |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> In it, Bergman played a US spy, Alicia Huberman, who had been given an assignment to infiltrate the Nazi sympathizers in [[South America]]. Along the way, she fell in love with her fellow spy, played by [[Cary Grant]]. The film also starred [[Claude Rains]] in an Oscar-nominated performance by a supporting actor. According to [[Roger Ebert]], ''Notorious'' is the most elegant expression of Hitchcock's visual style.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ebert |first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert |title=Notorious movie review & film summary (1946) {{!}} Roger Ebert |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/great-movie-notorious-1946 |access-date=9 October 2020 |website=rogerebert.com}}</ref> "''Notorious'' is my favorite Hitchcock", he asserted. Writing for the [[BFI]], Samuel Wigley called it a "perfect" film.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Wigley |first=Samuel |title=Notorious at 70: Toasting Hitchcock's dark masterpiece |url=https://www.bfi.org.uk/features/notorious-70th-anniversary |access-date=9 October 2020 |website=British Film Institute|date=15 August 2016 }}</ref> ''Notorious'' was selected by the [[National Film Registry]] in 2006 as culturally and significantly important.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Wertheimer |first=Linda |author-link=Linda Wertheimer |title='Blazing Saddles' Makes National Film Registry |work=NPR |url=https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=6700144 |access-date=9 October 2020}}</ref>

[[File:Ingrid Bergman & Victor Fleming.jpg|thumb|upright|Bergman with director Victor Fleming at the premiere of ''[[Joan of Arc (1948 film)|Joan of Arc]]'' (1949)]]

On 5 October 1946, Bergman appeared in ''[[Joan of Lorraine]],'' written by [[Maxwell Anderson]] as a play within a play'','' at the Alvin Theatre in New York. Tickets were fully booked for a twelve-week run. It was the greatest hit in New York. After each performance, crowds were in line to see Bergman in person. ''[[Newsweek]]'' called her 'Queen of the Broadway Season.' She reportedly received roughly $129,000 plus 15 percent of the grosses. ''The Associated Press'' named her "Woman of the Year". ''Gallup'' certified her as the most popular actress in America.<ref name=":0"/>

On 17 February 1948, [[Arch of Triumph (1948 film)|''Arch of Triumph'']], by [[Lewis Milestone]] was released with Bergman and [[Charles Boyer]] as the leading roles<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/25448-ARCH-OF-TRIUMPH?cxt=filmography |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> Based on [[Erich Maria Remarque]]'s book, it follows a story of Joan Madou, an Italian-Romanian refugee who works as a cabaret singer in a Paris nightclub. Distressed by her lover's sudden death, she attempts suicide by plunging into the Seine, but is rescued by Dr Ravic, a German surgeon (Charles Boyer).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Arch of Triumph |url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/67562/arch-of-triumph |access-date=26 October 2020 |website=Turner Classic Movies}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=Arch of Triumph (1948) |date=14 October 2008 |url=https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/1001148-arch_of_triumph |access-date=26 October 2020}}</ref> On 11 November 1948, ''[[Joan of Arc (1948 film)|Joan of Arc]]'' had its world premiere.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/25598-JOAN-OF-ARC?cxt=filmography |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> For her role, Bergman received another Best Actress nomination. The independent film was based on the Maxwell Anderson play ''[[Joan of Lorraine]]'', which had earned her a [[Tony Award]] earlier that year.<ref name="Leamer2"/> Produced by [[Walter Wanger]] and initially released through [[RKO]]. Bergman had championed the role since her arrival in Hollywood, then chose to appear on the Broadway stage in Anderson's play. The film was not a big hit with the public, partly because of the Rossellini scandal, which broke while the film was still in theatres. Even worse, it received disastrous reviews, and, although nominated for several Academy Awards, did not receive a Best Picture nomination. It was subsequently cut by 45 minutes, but restored to full length in 1998, and released in 2004 on DVD. With the release of the DVD there was also a renewed assessment of the film's acting and technical attributes, positively noting the acting, script and presentation.<ref>{{Citation |title=Joan of Arc (1948 film) |date=2025-06-03 |work=Wikipedia |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joan_of_Arc_(1948_film)&oldid=1293728963 |access-date=2025-08-29 |language=en}}</ref> 

''[[Under Capricorn]]'' premiered on 9 September 1949, as another Bergman and Hitchcock collaboration.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/768-UNDER-CAPRICORN?cxt=filmography |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> The film is set in the Australia of 1831. The story opens as Charles Adare, played by [[Michael Wilding]], arrives in [[New South Wales]] with his uncle. Desperate to find his fortune, Adare meets Sam Flusky ([[Joseph Cotten]]), who is married to Adare's childhood friend Lady Henrietta (Bergman), an alcoholic kept locked in their mansion. Soon, Flusky becomes jealous of Adare's affection for his wife. The film met with negative reactions from critics. Some of the negativity may have been based on disapproval of Bergman's affair with the Italian director [[Roberto Rossellini]]. Their scandalous relationship became apparent, shortly after the film's release.<ref>{{Cite web |date=13 July 2018 |title=Film Geeks Know That Hitchcock's "Under Capricorn" Is So Much More Than Merely a Costume Drama |url=https://www.popmatters.com/under-capricorn-alfred-hitchcock-2584067831.html?rebelltitem=5#rebelltitem5?rebelltitem=5 |access-date=10 October 2020 |website=PopMatters}}</ref>

=== 1950–1955: Italian films with Rossellini ===
[[File:Bergman stromboli.jpg|thumb|With Mario Vitale in ''Stromboli'' (1950)]]
[[File:Casa_di_Bergmann_&_Rosellini.JPG|thumb|The house in [[Sicily]] where Bergman and Rossellini lived together during the filming of ''Stromboli'']]

''[[Stromboli (1950 film)|Stromboli]]'' was released by Italian director [[Roberto Rossellini]] on 18 February 1950.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/27090-STROMBOLI?sid=32f692a7-13ee-4439-adb4-e54970866771&sr=10.347265&cp=1&pos=0 |access-date=17 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> Bergman had greatly admired two films by Rossellini. She wrote to him in 1949, expressing her admiration and suggesting that she make a film with him. As a consequence, she was cast in ''Stromboli''. During the production, they began an affair, and Bergman became pregnant with their first child.<ref name="Bondanella">Bondanella, Peter E. ''The Films of Robert Rossellini'', Cambridge University Press (1993)</ref>{{rp|18}}

This affair caused a huge scandal in the United States, where it led to Bergman being denounced on the floor of the [[United States Senate]]. On 14 March 1950, Senator [[Edwin C. Johnson]] insisted that his once-favorite actress "had perpetrated an assault upon the institution of marriage", and went so far as to call her "a powerful influence for evil".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Stern |first=Marlow |date=21 November 2015 |title=When Congress Slut-Shamed Ingrid Bergman |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/11/21/when-congress-slut-shamed-ingrid-bergman |work=The Daily Beast}}</ref> "The purity that made people joke about Saint Bergman when she played Joan of Arc," one writer commented, "made both audiences and United States senators feel betrayed when they learned of her affair with Roberto Rossellini." [[Art Buchwald]], permitted to read her mail during the scandal, reflected in an interview, "Oh, that mail was bad, ten, twelve, fourteen huge mail bags. 'Dirty whore.' 'Bitch.' 'Son of a bitch.' And they were all Christians who wrote it."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Harmetz |first=Aljean |title=Round Up the Usual Suspects: The Making of ''Casablanca'' – Bogart, Bergman, and World War II |publisher=Hyperion |year=1992 |isbn=978-1-56282-761-8 |location=New York |page=118}}</ref>

[[Ed Sullivan]] chose not to have her on his show, despite a poll indicating that the public wanted her to appear.<ref name="Sullivan">{{Cite web |date=7 July 1957 |title=Steve Allen: The Mike Wallace Interview |url=http://www.hrc.utexas.edu/multimedia/video/2008/wallace/allen_steve_t.html |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924031645/http://www.hrc.utexas.edu/multimedia/video/2008/wallace/allen_steve_t.html |archive-date=24 September 2015 |access-date=5 November 2015 |website=Harry Ransom Center, University of Texas at Austin}}</ref> However, [[Steve Allen]], whose show was equally popular, did have her as a guest, later explaining "the danger of trying to judge artistic activity through the prism of one's personal life".<ref name="Sullivan"/> Spoto notes that Bergman had, by virtue of her roles and screen persona, placed herself "above all that". She had played a nun in ''[[The Bells of St. Mary's]]'' (1945), and a virgin saint in ''[[Joan of Arc (1948 film)|Joan of Arc]]'' (1948). Bergman later said, "People saw me in ''Joan of Arc'', and declared me a saint. I'm not. I'm just a woman, another human being."<ref name="Spoto">Spoto, Donald. ''Notorious: The Life of Ingrid Bergman'', HarperCollins (1997), p. 300.</ref> As a result of the scandal, Bergman returned to Italy, left her first husband, and went through a publicized divorce and custody battle for their daughter. Bergman and Rossellini were married on 24 May 1950.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Smit |first=David |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=v5rU6O_490gC&q=Rossellini&pg=PA90 |title=Ingrid Bergman: The Life, Career and Public Image |date=12 October 2012 |publisher=McFarland |isbn=9781476600598}}</ref>

In the United States, the film ''Stromboli'' was a [[box office bomb]] but did better overseas, where Bergman and Rossellini's affair was considered less scandalous. In all, RKO lost $200,000 on the picture.<ref name="jewell">{{Cite book |last=Jewell |first=Richard B. |title=Slow Fade to Black: The Decline of RKO Radio Pictures |date=2016 |publisher=University of California |isbn=9780520289673 |page=98}}</ref> In Italy, it was awarded the Rome Prize for Cinema as the best film of the year.<ref name="dagrada">Dagrada, Elena. "A Triple Alliance for a Catholic Neorealism: Roberto Rossellini According to Felix Norton, Giulio Andreotti and Gian Luigi Rondi." ''Moralizing Cinema: Film, Catholicism, and Power.'' Eds. Daniel Biltereyst and Daniela Treveri Gennari. Routledge, 2014.</ref><ref>{{Cite news |date=13 March 1950 |title='Stromboli' Gets Prize As Best Italian Film |page=5 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref> The initial reception in America, however, was very negative. [[Bosley Crowther]] of ''[[The New York Times]]'' opened his review by writing: "After all the unprecedented interest that the picture ''Stromboli'' has aroused—it being, of course, the fateful drama which Ingrid Bergman and Roberto Rossellini have made—it comes as a startling anticlimax to discover that this widely heralded film is incredibly feeble, inarticulate, uninspiring and painfully banal." Crowther added that Bergman's character "is never drawn with clear and revealing definition, due partly to the vagueness of the script and partly to the dullness and monotony with which Rossellini has directed her."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Crowther |first=Bosley |author-link=Bosley Crowther |date=16 February 1950 |title=The Screen In Review |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |page=28}}</ref>

The staff at ''[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]'' agreed, writing

{{blockquote|Director Roberto Rossellini purportedly denied responsibility for the film, claiming the American version was cut by RKO beyond recognition. Cut or not cut, the film reflects no credit on him. Given elementary-school dialog to recite and impossible scenes to act, Ingrid Bergman's never able to make the lines real nor the emotion sufficiently motivated to seem more than an exercise ... The only visible touch of the famed Italian director is in the hard photography, which adds to the realistic, documentary effect of life on the rocky, lava-blanketed island. Rossellini's penchant for realism, however, does not extend to Bergman. She's always fresh, clean and well-groomed.<ref>{{Cite magazine |date=15 February 1950 |title=Stromboli |magazine=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]] |page=13}}</ref>}}

''[[Harrison's Reports]]'' wrote: "As entertainment, it does have a few moments of distinction, but on the whole it is a dull slow-paced piece, badly edited and mediocre in writing, direction and acting."<ref>{{Cite journal |date=18 February 1950 |title='Stromboli' with Ingrid Bergman |journal=[[Harrison's Reports]] |page=26}}</ref> [[John McCarten]] of ''[[The New Yorker]]'' found that there was "nothing whatsoever in the footage that rises above the humdrum", and felt that Bergman "doesn't really seem to have her heart in any of the scenes."<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=McCarten |first=John |date=25 February 1950 |title=The Current Cinema |magazine=[[The New Yorker]] |page=111}}</ref> [[Richard L. Coe]] of ''[[The Washington Post]]'' lamented, "It's a pity that many people who never go to foreign-made pictures will be drawn into this by the Rossellini-Bergman names and will think that this flat, drab, inept picture is what they've been missing."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Coe |first=Richard L. |date=16 February 1950 |title=All That Fuss, and The Thing Is Dull |page=12 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]]}}</ref>

[[File:Europa '51.JPG|thumb|Bergman as Irene Girard in ''Europa '51'']]

Recent assessments have been more positive. Reviewing the film in 2013 in conjunction with its DVD release as part of [[The Criterion Collection]], [[Dave Kehr]] called the film "one of the pioneering works of modern European filmmaking."<ref name="kehr">{{Cite web |last=Kehr |first=Dave |date=27 September 2013 |title=Rossellini and Bergman's Break From Tradition |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/29/movies/homevideo/ingrid-bergman-in-3-rossellini-films-from-criterion.html |access-date=2 June 2018 |website=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> In an expansive analysis of the film, critic Fred Camper wrote of the drama, {{blockquote|Like many of cinema's masterpieces, ''Stromboli'' is fully explained only in a final scene that brings into harmony the protagonist's state of mind and the imagery. This structure...suggests a belief in the transformative power of revelation. Forced to drop her suitcase (itself far more modest than the trunks she arrived with) as she ascends the volcano, Karin is stripped of her pride and reduced — or elevated — to the condition of a crying child, a kind of first human being who, divested of the trappings of self, must learn to see and speak again from a personal "year zero" (to borrow from another Rossellini film title).<ref>{{Cite web |last=Camper |first=Fred |date=2000 |title=Volcano Girl (film analysis and review) |url=http://www.fredcamper.com/Film/Rossellini.html |access-date=31 December 2007 |website=Chicago Reader}}</ref>}}

The [[Venice Film Festival]] ranked ''Stromboli'' among the 100 most important Italian films ("[[100 film italiani da salvare]]") from 1942 to 1978. In 2012, the [[British Film Institute]]'s ''[[Sight & Sound]]'' critics' poll also listed it as one of the 250 greatest films of all time.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stromboli, Terria di Dio (1950) |url=http://explore.bfi.org.uk/sightandsoundpolls/2012/film/4ce2b6b6d8bc6 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120820045845/http://explore.bfi.org.uk/sightandsoundpolls/2012/film/4ce2b6b6d8bc6 |archive-date=20 August 2012}}</ref>

In 1952, Rossellini directed Bergman in ''[[Europa '51]]'', where she plays Irene Girard who is distraught by the sudden death of her son.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Europe '51 |url=https://www.criterion.com/films/28108-europe-51 |access-date=17 October 2020 |website=The Criterion Collection}}</ref> Her husband played by [[Alexander Knox]] soon copes, but Irene seems to need a purpose in life to assuage her guilt of neglecting her son.<ref name="Mermelstein">{{Cite news |last=Mermelstein |first=David |date=18 December 2013 |title=A Rossellini-Bergman Boxed Set From Criterion Is Reviewed |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304355104579234011374340976.html |access-date=18 October 2020 |issn=0099-9660}}</ref>

Rossellini directed her in a brief segment of his 1953 documentary film, [[We, the Women|''Siamo donne'' (''We, the Women'')]], which was devoted to film actresses.<ref name="Bondanella"/>{{rp|18}} His biographer, Peter Bondanella, notes that problems with communication during their marriage may have inspired his films' central themes of "solitude, grace, and spirituality in a world without moral values".<ref name="Bondanella"/>{{rp|19}} In December 1953, Rossellini directed her in the play ''[[Jeanne d'Arc au bûcher|Joan of Arc at the Stake]]'' in Naples, Italy. They took the play to Barcelona, London, Paris and Stockholm.<ref name="Leamer2"/> Her performance received generally good reviews.<ref name=":0"/>

Their following effort was ''[[Viaggio in Italia]] (Journey to Italy)'' in 1954. It follows a couple's journey to Naples, Italy to sell an inherited house. Trapped in a lifeless marriage, they are further unnerved by the locals' way of living.<ref name=Mermelstein/> According to John Patterson of ''The Guardian'', the film started The French New Wave.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Patterson |first=John |date=6 May 2013 |title=Journey To Italy: the Italian film that kickstarted the French New Wave |work=The Guardian |url=https://www.theguardian.com/film/2013/may/06/journey-to-italy-roberto-rossellini |access-date=17 October 2020 |issn=0261-3077}}</ref> [[Martin Scorsese]] picked this film to be among his favorites in his documentary short in 2001. On 17 February 1955, ''Joan at the Stake'' opened at the Stockholm Opera House. The play was attended by the prime minister and other theatrical figures in Sweden. ''Swedish Daily'' reported that Bergman seems vague, cool and lacking in charisma. Bergman was hurt by mostly negative reviews from the media of her native land. Stig Ahlgren was the most harsh when he labelled her a clever businesswoman, not an actress. "Ingrid is a commodity, a desirable commodity which is offered in the free market."<ref name=":0"/> Another effort they released that year was ''[[Joan of Arc at the Stake|Giovanna d'Arco al rogo (Joan of Arc at the Stake)]]''.<ref name="Weedman">{{Cite web |last=Weedman |first=Christopher |date=3 May 2000 |title=Melodramatic Postwar Confessions: Ingrid Bergman and Roberto Rossellini's La Paura (1954) – Senses of Cinema |url=https://www.sensesofcinema.com/2015/cteq/la-paura-roberto-rossellini/ |access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref>

[[File:Ingrid Bergman - 1954.JPG|thumb|upright=.9|Bergman in [[Fear (1954 film)|''La Paura'' (''Fear'')]] (1954)]]

Their final effort in 1954 was [[Fear (1954 film)|''La Paura'' (''Fear'')]], based on a play by Austro-Jewish writer Stefan Zweig's 1920 novella ''Angst'' about adultery and blackmail.<ref name= Weedman/> In ''Fear'', Bergman plays a businesswoman who runs a pharmaceutical company founded by her husband ([[Mathias Wieman]]). She is having an affair with a man whose ex-lover turns up and blackmails her. The woman demands money, threatening to tell her husband about the affair if Bergman doesn't pay her off. Under constant threats, Bergman is pressed to the point of committing suicide.<ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Brody |first=Richard |date=14 August 2015 |title=The Genius of Ingrid Bergman |url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2015/08/24/a-life-of-her-own |access-date=18 October 2020 |magazine=The New Yorker}}</ref>

Rossellini's use of a Hollywood star in his typically "neorealist" films, in which he normally used non-professional actors, provoked some negative reactions in certain circles.{{Vague|date=October 2020}}<!-- Which "negative reactions"? Which "circles"? --> Rossellini, "defying audience expectations[,]...employed Bergman ''as if'' she were a nonprofessional," depriving her of a script and the typical luxuries accorded to a star (indoor plumbing, for instance, or hairdressers) and forcing Bergman to act "inspired by reality while she worked", creating what one critic calls "a new cinema of psychological introspection".<ref name=Bondanella/>{{rp|98}} Bergman was aware of Rossellini's directing style before filming, as the director had earlier written to her explaining that he worked from "a few basic ideas, developing them little by little" as a film progressed.<ref name=Bondanella/>{{rp|19}} Rossellini then was accused of ruining her successful career by taking her away from Hollywood, while Bergman was seen as the impetus for Rossellini abandoning the aesthetic style and socio-political concerns of Neo-Realism.<ref name= Weedman/>

While the movies Bergman made with Rossellini were commercial failures, the films have garnered great appreciation and attention in recent times. According to Jordan Cronk in his article reviewing the movies, their work has inspired a beginning of a modern cinematic era. Rossellini's films during the Bergman era ponder issues of complex psychology as depicted by Bergman in films like ''Stromboli'', ''Europa '51'' and ''Journey to Italy''.<ref name="Cronk">{{Cite web |last=Cronk |first=Jordan |date=5 October 2013 |title=Review: 3 Films by Roberto Rossellini Starring Ingrid Bergman on Criterion Blu-ray |url=https://www.slantmagazine.com/dvd/3-films-by-roberto-rossellini-starring-ingrid-bergman/ |access-date=18 October 2020 |website=[[Slant Magazine]]}}</ref> The influence of Bergman and Rossellini's partnership can be felt in the movies by [[Godard]], [[Fellini]] and [[Antonioni]] to, more recently, [[Abbas Kiarostami]] and [[Nuri Bilge Ceylan]].<ref name=Cronk/> David Kehr from ''The New York Times'' commented that their films now stand among the pioneering works whose influence can be felt in European modern filmmaking.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kehr |first=Dave |date=27 September 2013 |title=Rossellini and Bergman's Break From Tradition (Published 2013) |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2013/09/29/movies/homevideo/ingrid-bergman-in-3-rossellini-films-from-criterion.html |access-date=18 October 2020 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

===1956–1972: Hollywood return===
{{Multiple image
| align = left
| direction = vertical
| total_width = 190
| image1 = Ingrid Bergman - Mel Ferrer - 1957.jpg
| alt1 =
| caption1 = With [[Mel Ferrer]] in [[Jean Renoir|Renoir]]'s ''[[Elena and Her Men]]'' (1956)
| image2 = Anastasia trailer1.jpg
| caption2 = In ''Anastasia'' (1956) which won her second Oscar
}}

After separating from Rossellini, Bergman starred in [[Jean Renoir]]'s ''[[Elena and Her Men]]'' (''Elena et les Hommes'', 1956), a romantic comedy in which she played a Polish princess caught up in political intrigue. Bergman and Renoir had wanted to work together. In ''Elena and Her Men'', which Renoir had written for her, she plays down-on-her-luck Polish princess Elena Sorokowska. The film was a hit in Paris when it premiered in September 1956.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Sorrento |first=Matthew |date=4 April 2010 |title=A Star's New Stage: Elena and Her Men (Elena et les Hommes) – Senses of Cinema |url=https://www.sensesofcinema.com/2015/cteq/elena-and-her-men/ |access-date=16 October 2020}}</ref> Candice Russell, commented that Bergman is the best thing in the film.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Russell |first=Candice |date=3 October 1986 |title=Bergman Best Thing About 'Elena' |url=https://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/fl-xpm-1986-10-03-8602280324-story.html |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=Sun-Sentinel}}</ref> Roger Ebert wrote, "The movie is about something else—about Bergman's rare eroticism, and the way her face seems to have an inner light on film. Was there ever a more sensuous actress in the movies?"<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=Ebert |first=Roger |author-link=Roger Ebert |title=Elena and Her Men movie review (1987) |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/elena-and-her-men-1987 |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=rogerebert.com}}</ref>

In 1956, Bergman also starred in a French adaptation of the stage production [[Tea and Sympathy (play)|''Tea and Sympathy'']]. It was presented at the [[Théâtre de Paris]], [[Paris]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/1956/12/04/archives/miss-bergman-on-stage-bows-in-french-adaptation-of-tea-and-sympathy.html "Miss Bergman On Stage; Bows in French Adaptation of 'Tea and Sympathy' in Paris"] ''The New York Times'', 4 December 1956.</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Quirk |first=Lawrence J. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tFe1HuVWVQwC |title=The Complete Films of Ingrid Bergman |publisher=Citadel Press |year=1989 |isbn=978-0806509723 |pages=208–209 |chapter=Tea and Sympathy}}</ref> It tells a story of a "boarding school boy" who is thought to be homosexual. Bergman played the wife of the headmaster. She is supportive of the young man, grows closer to him and later has sex with him, as a way to "prove" and support his masculinity. It was a smash hit.<ref name=":0"/>

Twentieth Century Fox had bought the rights to ''Anastasia'' with [[Anatole Litvak]] slated to direct. Executive producer [[Buddy Adler]] wanted Bergman, then still a controversial figure in the States, to return to the American screen after a seven-year absence. Litvak also felt she would be an excellent actress for the part and insisted on her starring in the film.<ref>Chandler, Charlotte. ''Ingrid: A Personal Biography'', Simon & Schuster (2007) e-bk</ref> Fox agreed to take a chance, making her a box-office risk to play the leading role. Filming would take place in England, Paris, and Copenhagen.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anastasia |url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/67292/anastasia |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=Turner Classic Movies}}</ref>

''[[Anastasia (1956 film)|Anastasia]]'' (1956) tells the story of a woman who may be the sole surviving member of the [[Romanov]] family. [[Yul Brynner]] is the scheming general, who tries to pass her off as the single surviving daughter of the late [[Tsar Nicholas II]]. He hopes to use her to collect a hefty inheritance.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Anastasia {{!}} film by Litvak [1956] |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Anastasia-film-by-Litvak |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=Encyclopedia Britannica}}</ref> ''Anastasia'' was an immediate success. Bosley Crowther wrote in ''The New York Times'', "It is a beautifully molded performance, worthy of an Academy Award and particularly gratifying in the light of Miss Bergman's long absence from commendable films."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Crowther |first=Bosley |author-link=Bosley Crowther |date=14 December 1956 |title=The Screen: 'Anastasia'; Miss Bergman Excels in Notable Film |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1956/12/14/archives/the-screen-anastasia-miss-bergman-excels-in-notable-film.html |access-date=16 October 2020 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

With her role in ''Anastasia'', Bergman made a triumphant return to working for a Hollywood studio (albeit in a film produced in Europe) and won the [[Academy Award for Best Actress]] for a second time. Cary Grant accepted the award on her behalf.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Cary Grant acceptance speech |url=http://aaspeechesdb.oscars.org/link/029-3/ |access-date=4 June 2022 |website=Academy Awards Acceptance Speech Database}}</ref> Its director, [[Anatole Litvak]], described her as "one of the greatest actresses in the world":{{blockquote|Ingrid looks better now than she ever did. She's 42, but she looks divine. She is a simple, straightforward human being. Through all her troubles she held to the conviction that she had been true to herself and it made her quite a person. She is happy in her new marriage, her three children by Rossellini are beautiful, and she adores them.<ref>"Is Ingrid the Greatest?", ''The Indianapolis Star'', 16 July 1961.</ref>|title=|source=}}

[[File:Grant Bergman Indiscreet Still.jpg|thumb|right|Grant and Bergman in ''Indiscreet'' (1958)]]

After Anastasia, Bergman starred in [[Indiscreet (1958 film)|''Indiscreet'']] (1958), a romantic comedy directed by [[Stanley Donen]]. She plays a successful London stage actress, Anna Kalman, who falls in love with Philip Adams, a diplomat played by [[Cary Grant]]. The film is based on the play '''Kind Sir''<nowiki/>' written by Norman Krasna. Unmarried and wanting to stay single, he tells her that he is married but cannot get a divorce. [[Cecil Parker]] and [[Phyllis Calvert]] also co-starred.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Viladas |first=Pilar |date=7 October 2001 |title=The Joy of Sets (Published 2001) |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2001/10/07/magazine/the-joy-of-sets.html |access-date=14 October 2020 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

Bergman later starred in the 1958 picture ''[[The Inn of the Sixth Happiness]]'', based on a true story about [[Gladys Aylward]], a Christian missionary in China who, despite many obstacles, was able to win the hearts of the Chinese through patience and sincerity. In the film's climactic scene, she leads a group of orphaned children to safety, to escape from the Japanese invasion. The ''New York Times'' wrote, "the justification of her achievements is revealed by no other displays than those of Miss Bergman's mellow beauty, friendly manner and melting charm." The film also co-starred [[Robert Donat]] and [[Curd Jürgens|Curd Jurgens.]]<ref>{{Cite news |last=Crowther |first=Bosley |author-link=Bosley Crowther |date=14 December 1958 |title=Screen: China Mission; 'Inn of 6th Happiness' at Paramount, Plaza |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1958/12/14/archives/screen-china-mission-inn-of-6th-happiness-at-paramount-plaza.html |access-date=14 October 2020 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

Bergman made her first post-scandal public appearance in Hollywood at the [[31st Academy Awards]] in 1959, as presenter of the [[Academy Award for Best Picture|award for Best Picture]], and received a standing ovation when introduced.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Moody |first=Gary |title=All the Oscars: 1958 |url=http://theoscarsite.com/1958.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20061220050409/http://theoscarsite.com/1958.htm |archive-date=20 December 2006 |access-date=10 December 2006 |website=OscarSite.com – A celebration of all things Oscar}}</ref> She presented the award for Best Motion Picture together with Cary Grant, with whom she had recently starred in ''[[Indiscreet (1958 film)|Indiscreet]]''. Bergman made her television debut in an episode of ''[[Startime (1959 TV series)|Startime]]'', an [[Anthology television series|anthology show]], which presented dramas, musical comedies, and variety shows.<ref name="BrM">Tim Brooks and Earl March, ''The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network and Cable TV Shows: 1946–Present'' (Random House, 2007) {{ISBN|0-345-45542-8}} p. 976.</ref> The episode was ''[[The Turn of the Screw (Ford Startime)|The Turn of the Screw]]'',<ref>{{Cite news |last=Irish |first=Charles |date=18 October 1959 |title=Ingrid slates debut on tv |page=103 |work=The Sacramento Bee |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/61339842/ingrid-slates-debut-on-tv/ |via=Newspapers}}</ref> an adaptation of the [[The Turn of the Screw|horror novella]] by [[Henry James]], directed by [[John Frankenheimer]]. She played a governess of two little children who are haunted by the ghost of their previous caretaker. For this performance, she was awarded the 1960 [[Emmy]] for best dramatic performance by an actress.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 July 2020 |title=Emmys flashback: Oscar winners Ingrid Bergman, Laurence Olivier, Geraldine Page take home TV's top prize |url=https://www.goldderby.com/article/2020/emmys-oscar-winners/ |access-date=10 October 2020 |website=GoldDerby}}</ref> Also in 1960, Bergman was inducted into the [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]] with a [[List of actors with Hollywood Walk of Fame motion picture stars|motion pictures star]] at 6759 [[Hollywood Boulevard]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Hollywood Walk of Fame – Ingrid Bergman |url=http://www.walkoffame.com/ingrid-bergman |access-date=16 November 2017 |website=Hollywood Walk of Fame |publisher=Hollywood Chamber of Commerce}}</ref>

In 1961, Bergman's second American television production, ''Twenty-four Hours in a Woman's Life'', was produced by her third husband, [[Lars Schmidt (producer)|Lars Schmidt]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 December 2014 |title=Lars Schmidt Archives |url=https://www.be-hold.com/tag/lars-schmidt/ |access-date=10 October 2020 |website=Be-hold |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210115142220/https://www.be-hold.com/tag/lars-schmidt/ |archive-date=15 January 2021 |url-status=usurped }}</ref> Bergman played a bereaved wife in love with a younger man she has known for only 24 hours.<ref>{{Citation |title=Twenty-Four Hours in a Woman's Life (TV) (1961) |url=https://www.filmaffinity.com/us/film621672.html |access-date=21 October 2020}}</ref> She later starred in ''[[Goodbye Again (1961 film)|Goodbye Again]]'' as Paula Tessier, a middle-aged interior designer who falls in love with Anthony Perkins' character, fifteen years her junior. Paula is in a relationship with Roger Demarest, a womanizer, played by Yves Montand. Roger loves Paula but is reluctant to give up his womanizing ways. When Perkins starts pursuing her, the lonely Paula is suddenly forced to choose between the two men.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Goodbye Again |url=https://www.tcm.com/tcmdb/title/17134/goodbye-again |access-date=18 October 2020 |website=Turner Classic Movies}}</ref> In his review of the film, Bosley Crowther wrote that Bergman was neither convincing nor interesting in her part as Perkins's lover.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Crowther |first=Bosley |author-link=Bosley Crowther |date=30 June 1961 |title=Screen: 'Goodbye Again' at 2 Theatres: Film Based on Novel by Francoise Sagan |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1961/06/30/archives/screen-goodbye-again-at-2-theatresfilm-based-on-novel-by-francoise.html |access-date=18 October 2020 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

[[File:Ingrid Bergman in 1960.jpg|thumb|upright|Bergman in 1960]]

In 1962, Schmidt also co-produced his wife's third venture into American television, ''[[Hedda Gabler#Mass media adaptations|Hedda Gabler]]'', made for the BBC and CBS. She played the titular character opposite [[Michael Redgrave]] and [[Ralph Richardson]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2019 |title=In Black & White: Ingrid Bergman Plays it Cruel in 'Hedda Gabler' |url=https://www.thatmomentin.com/hedda-gabler-ingrid-bergman-black-and-white/ |access-date=10 October 2020 |website=That Moment In}}</ref> David Duprey wrote in his review, "Bergman and Sir Ralph Richardson on screen at the same time is like peanut butter and chocolate spread on warm toast."<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 January 2019 |title=In Black & White: Ingrid Bergman Plays it Cruel in 'Hedda Gabler' |url=https://www.thatmomentin.com/hedda-gabler-ingrid-bergman-black-and-white/ |access-date=21 October 2020 |website=That Moment In}}</ref> Later in the year, she took the titular role of ''[[Hedda Gabler]]'' at the {{lang|fr|[[Théâtre Montparnasse]]}} in Paris.<ref name="Leamer2"/>

On 23 September 1964, [[The Visit (1964 film)|''The Visit'']] premiered; based on Friedrich Dürrenmatt's 1956 play, ''Der Besuch der alten Dame; eine tragische Komödie,'' it starred Bergman and Anthony Quinn. With a production budget of $1.5&nbsp;million, principal photography took place in Capranica, outside of Rome. She plays Karla Zachanassian, the world's richest woman, who returns to her birthplace, seeking revenge.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Catalog/moviedetails/22450 |access-date=21 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref>

On 13 May 1965, [[Anthony Asquith]]'s ''[[The Yellow Rolls-Royce]]'' premiered.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/18558-THE-YELLOW-ROLLS-ROYCE?cxt=filmography |access-date=19 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> Bergman plays Gerda Millett, a wealthy American widow who meets up with a Yugoslavian partisan, [[Omar Sharif]]. For her role, she was reportedly paid $250,000.<ref name=":0"/> That same year, although known chiefly as a film star, Bergman appeared in London's [[West End theatre|West End]], working with stage star [[Michael Redgrave]] in ''[[A Month in the Country (play)|A Month in the Country]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Quirk |first=Lawrence |title=The Complete Films of Ingrid Bergman |publisher=Citadel Press |year=1989 |location=New York |pages=213, 221, 223}}</ref>'' She took on the role of Natalia Petrovna, a lovely headstrong woman, bored with her marriage and her life. According to ''[[The Times]]'', "The production would hardly have exerted this special appeal without the presence of Ingrid Bergman."<ref name=":0"/>

In 1966, Bergman acted in only one project, an hour-long television version of [[Jean Cocteau]]'s one-character play, ''[[The Human Voice]]''.<ref>{{Cite news |date=6 May 1967 |title=Ingrid Bergman and 'The Human Voice' |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1967/05/06/archives/ingrid-bergman-and-the-human-voice.html |access-date=10 October 2020 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> It tells a story of a lonely woman in her apartment talking on the phone to her lover who is about to leave her for another woman. ''The New York Times'' praised her performance, calling it a tour-de-force. ''The Times of London'' echoed the same sentiment, describing it as a great dramatic performance through this harrowing monologue.<ref name=":7"/>

[[File:G Molander and I Bergman 1964.jpg|left|thumb|Bergman with Gustaf Molander, who directed her in ''Stimulantia'']]

In 1967, Bergman was cast in a short episode of Swedish anthology film, ''Stimulantia''. Her segment which is based on the Guy de Maupassant's ''The Jewellery'' reunited her with Gustaf Molander.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stimulantia |url=https://www.sfstudios100years.com/film/stimulantia/ |access-date=18 October 2020 |website=SF Studios 100 år}}</ref> Next, [[Eugene O'Neill]]'s ''[[More Stately Mansions]]'' directed by [[José Quintero]], opened on 26 October 1967. Bergman, [[Colleen Dewhurst]], and [[Arthur Hill (Canadian actor)|Arthur Hill]] appeared in the leading roles. The show closed on 2 March 1968 after 142 performances.<ref>{{Cite web |title=More Stately Mansions Broadway @ Broadhurst Theatre – Tickets and Discounts |url=http://www.playbill.com/production/more-stately-mansions-broadhurst-theatre-vault-0000002054 |access-date=18 October 2020 |website=Playbill}}</ref> It was reported that thousands of spectators bought tickets, and travelled across the country, to see Bergman perform.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Bush |first=Miriam |date=1 March 1968 |title=A big success |page=11 |work=Asbury Park Press |url=https://www.newspapers.com/clip/61343566/a-big-success/ |via=Newspapers}}</ref><ref name="Leamer2"/> Bergman returned as both a presenter and a performer during the 41st Annual Academy Awards in 1969.<ref>{{Cite web |date=21 February 2019 |title=The 1969 Academy Awards Captured a Shifting Moment in Movie History |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2019/02/2019-oscars-odd-parallels-1969-awards/583177/ |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=The Atlantic}}</ref>

Bergman wished to work in American films again, following a long hiatus.<ref name="Carter">{{Cite book |last=Carter |first=Grace May |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SeeRDQAAQBAJ&q=goldie+hawn+on+ingrid+bergman&pg=PT320 |title=Ingrid Bergman |date=24 November 2016 |publisher=New Word City |isbn=978-1-61230-098-6}}</ref> She starred in ''[[Cactus Flower (film)|Cactus Flower]]'' released in 1969, with [[Walter Matthau]] and [[Goldie Hawn]]. Here, she played a prim spinster,<ref name="Carter"/> a dental nurse-receptionist who is secretly in love with her boss, the dentist, played by Matthau. [[Howard Thompson (film critic)|Howard Thompson]] wrote in ''The New York Times'':

<blockquote>The teaming of Matthau, whose dour, craggy virility now supplants the easy charm of [[Barry Nelson]], and the ultra-feminine Miss Bergman, in a rare comedy venture, was inspirational on somebody's part. The lady is delightful as a (now) "Swedish iceberg", no longer young, who flowers radiantly while running interference for the boss's romantic bumbling. The two stars mesh perfectly.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Thompson |first=Howard |date=17 December 1969 |title='Cactus Flower' Blooms |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1969/12/17/archives/cactus-flower-blooms.html |access-date=23 January 2019 |website=The New York Times}}</ref></blockquote>

On 9 April 1970, [[Guy Green (filmmaker)|Guy Green]]'s ''[[A Walk in the Spring Rain]]'' had its world premiere.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/23437-A-WALK-IN-THE-SPRING-RAIN?cxt=filmography |access-date=20 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> Bergman played Libby, the middle-aged wife of a New York professor ([[Fritz Weaver]]). She accompanies him on his sabbatical in the Tennessee mountains, where he intends to write a book. She meets a local handyman, Will Cade ([[Anthony Quinn]]), and they form a mutual attraction. The screenplay, by writer-producer [[Stirling Silliphant]], was based on the romantic novel written by [[Rachel Maddux (author)|Rachel Maddux]]. ''The New York Times'' in its review wrote, "Striving mightily and looking lovely, Miss Bergman seems merely a petulant woman who falls into the arms of Quinn for novelty, from boredom with her equally bored husband, [Weaver], pecking away on a book in their temporary mountain retreat."<ref>{{Cite news |date=18 June 1970 |title=Bergman and Quinn Are Stars Of 'A Walk in the Spring Rain' |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1970/06/18/archives/bergman-and-quinn-are-stars-of-a-walk-in-the-spring-rain.html |access-date=19 October 2020 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

On 18 February 1971, ''Captain Brassbound's Conversion'', a play based on George Bernard Shaw's work, made a debut at London theatre. She took on the role of a woman whose husband has taken up with a woman half her age. Although the play was a commercial success, critics were not very receptive of Bergman's British accent.<ref name=":0"/>

She made an appearance in one episode of ''The Bob Hope Show'' in 1972.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Bob Hope Show: April 10, 1972 |url=http://www.tv.com/shows/the-bob-hope-show/april-10-1972-1230878/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160409015438/http://www.tv.com/shows/the-bob-hope-show/april-10-1972-1230878/ |archive-date=9 April 2016 |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=TV.com}}</ref> Also that year, U.S. Senator [[Charles H. Percy]] entered an apology into the ''[[Congressional Record]]'' for the verbal attack made on Bergman on 14 March 1950 by [[Edwin C. Johnson]]. Percy noted that she had been "the victim of bitter attack in this chamber 22 years ago." He expressed regret that the persecution caused Bergman to "leave this country at the height of her career". Bergman said that the remarks had been difficult to forget, and had caused her to avoid the country for nine years.<ref>{{Cite news |date=29 April 1972 |title=Ingrid Bergman Gets Apology for Senate Attack |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1972/04/29/archives/ingrid-bergman-gets-apology-for-senate-attack.html}}</ref> Although she had paid a high price, Bergman had made peace with America, according to her daughter, Isabella Rossellini.<ref name="JP"/>

=== 1973–1982: Later years and continued success ===
On 27 September 1972, [[Fielder Cook]]'s [[From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler (1973 film)|''From the Mixed-Up Files of Mrs. Basil E. Frankweiler'']] premiered.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/54991-FROM-THE-MIXED-UP-FILES-OF-MRS-BASIL-E-FRANKWEILER?cxt=filmography |access-date=20 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> She plays the titular character, a wealthy recluse who befriends two children who are seeking "treasure" in the [[Metropolitan Museum of Art]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Canby |first=Vincent |author-link=Vincent Canby |date=28 September 1973 |title=The Screen: Badly 'Mixed Up Files': The Cast |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1973/09/28/archives/the-screen-badly-mixed-up-filesthe-cast.html |access-date=21 October 2020 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

[[File:Ingrid Bergman The Constant Wife 1975.JPG|upright|thumb|Bergman in ''The Constant Wife'']]

Also that year, Bergman was the president of the jury at the 1973 [[Cannes Film Festival]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman profile |url=http://www.festival-cannes.fr/perso/index.php?langue=6002&personne=4296444 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060312222212/http://www.festival-cannes.fr/perso/index.php?langue=6002&personne=4296444 |archive-date=12 March 2006 |access-date=23 October 2006 |website=[[Cannes Film Festival]]}}</ref> In an interview with ''[[The Daytona Beach News-Journal|The Daytona Beach Sunday News]]'' in 1978, she recalled this event because she met with the unrelated [[Ingmar Bergman]]. This gave her the opportunity to remind him about a letter she had written some ten years ago, asking him to cast her in one of his pictures. Knowing that Ingmar would be attending, she made a copy of his long-ago reply, and put it in his pocket. He didn't reply for two years.<ref name=":3">{{Cite web |title=Daytona Beach Sunday News-Journal – Google News Archive Search |url=https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1870&dat=19781008&id=6YofAAAAIBAJ&pg=1226,3674870 |access-date=19 October 2020 |website=news.google.com}}</ref>

Next, Bergman returned to London's [[West End theatre|West End]] and appeared with [[John Gielgud]] in ''[[The Constant Wife]],<ref name=":2"/>'' which was a critical success; the theatre was consistently packed. ''[[The Daily Telegraph]]'' found the play "unusually entertaining", while Harold Hobson of ''[[The Sunday Times]]'' was still peeved at Bergman for playing yet another English woman with a "strange accent".<ref name=":7"/>

Bergman became one of the few actresses ever to receive three Oscars when she won her third (and first in the category of [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]) for her performance in ''[[Murder on the Orient Express (1974 film)|Murder on the Orient Express]]'' (1974). Director [[Sidney Lumet]] had offered Bergman the important part of Princess Dragomiroff, with which he felt she could win an Oscar. She insisted on playing the much smaller role of Greta Ohlsson, the old Swedish missionary. Lumet discussed Bergman's role:
{{blockquote|She had chosen a very small part, and I couldn't persuade her to change her mind. ... Since her part was so small, I decided to film her one big scene, where she talks for almost five minutes, straight, all in one long take. A lot of actresses would have hesitated over that. She loved the idea, and made the most of it. She ran the gamut of emotions. I've never seen anything like it.<ref name=Chandler/>{{rp|246–247}}}}

At the 1975 Academy Awards, film director [[Jean Renoir]] was to receive a Lifetime Achievement Award for his contribution to the motion picture industry. As he was ill at the time, he asked that Ingrid Bergman accept this award on his behalf. Bergman made a speech of acceptance that praised his films and the "compassion that marked all his works" as well as his teaching of both young filmmakers and audiences.<ref name="IBMS"/> {{rp|542–543}} Although she had been nominated for the new Best Supporting Actress Award, she considered her role in ''Murder on the Orient Express'' to be quite minor and did not expect to win. When the award was announced, in her surprised and unrehearsed remarks, she remarked to the audience that [[Valentina Cortese]] should have won the award for her role<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman Wins Supporting Actress: 1975 Oscars | date=14 May 2008 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ky5sW4no_cg |archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211028/ky5sW4no_cg |archive-date=28 October 2021 |via=youtube.com}}{{cbignore}}</ref><ref name="IBMS"/> in ''[[Day for Night (film)|Day for Night]]'', by [[Truffaut]]. Bergman and Cortese spent the rest of the evening in each other's company, and were the subject of many photographs.<ref name="IBMS">{{Cite book |last=Bergman |first=Ingrid |url=http://archive.org/details/ingredbergmanmys00berg |title=Ingrid Bergman: My Story |date=9 October 1987 |publisher=[S.l.]: Dell |isbn=9780440140863 |via=Internet Archive}}</ref>{{rp|542–543}} Also in 1975, Bergman attended the AFI tribute to [[Orson Welles]]. The audience gave her a standing ovation when she appeared on stage. She joked that she hardly knew Welles and they only invited her because she was working across the street.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Canby |first=Vincent |author-link=Vincent Canby |date=2 March 1975 |title=Film View |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1975/03/02/archives/film-view-the-undiminished-chutzpah-of-orson-welles.html |access-date=16 October 2020 |work=The New York Times |issn=0362-4331}}</ref>

In 1976, Bergman was the first person to receive France's newly created [[Honorary César]], a national film award.<ref>{{Cite web |title=César d'Honneur – César |url=http://www.allocine.fr/festivals/festival-128/palmares/prix-18350744/ |access-date=20 April 2016 |publisher=Allo Cine}}</ref> She also appeared in [[A Matter of Time (film)|''A Matter of Time'']], by [[Vincente Minnelli]], which premiered on 7 October 1976.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI{{!}}Catalog |url=https://catalog.afi.com/Film/55847-A-MATTER-OF-TIME?cxt=filmography |access-date=20 October 2020 |website=catalog.afi.com}}</ref> Roger Ebert in his review wrote,

{{blockquote|''A Matter of Time'' is a fairly large disappointment as a movie, but as an occasion for reverie, it does very nicely. Once we've finally given up on the plot – a meandering and jumbled business – we're left with the opportunity to contemplate Ingrid Bergman at 60. And to contemplate Ingrid Bergman at any age is, I submit, a passable way to spend one's time.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ebert |first=Roger |title=A Matter of Time movie review (1976) |url=https://www.rogerebert.com/reviews/a-matter-of-time-1976 |access-date=21 October 2020 |website=rogerebert.com/}}</ref>}}

From 1977 to 1978, Bergman returned to the London's West with [[Wendy Hiller]] in ''[[Waters of the Moon]]''.<ref name=":2"/> She played Helen Lancaster, a rich, self-centred woman whose car becomes stuck in a snowdrift. The play became the great new hit of the season.<ref name=":0"/>

In 1978, Bergman appeared in ''[[Autumn Sonata]]'' ({{lang|sv|Höstsonaten}}), by accomplished Swedish filmmaker, [[Ingmar Bergman]] (no relation), for which she received her seventh—and final—Academy Award nomination. She did not attend the awards, due to her illness. This was her final cinema performance. The film gave her the opportunity to work with [[Liv Ullmann]], another well-known and respected Scandinavian artist.<ref name=":11">{{Cite book |last=Leamer |first=Laurence |url=http://archive.org/details/astimegoesbylif00leam |title=As time goes by: The life of Ingrid Bergman |date=1986 |publisher=New York: Harper & Row |others=Internet Archive |isbn=978-0-06-015485-1 |pages=151–154, 165, 169, 174, 176, 178, 183, 187–189}}</ref> In the film, Bergman plays a celebrity pianist, Charlotte, who travels to Norway intending to visit her neglected eldest daughter, Eva, played by Ullmann. Eva is married to a clergyman and they care for her sister, Helena, who is severely disabled, paralyzed, and unable to speak clearly. Charlotte has not visited either of her two daughters for seven years. Upon arrival at Eva's home, she is shocked and dismayed to learn that her younger daughter is also in residence, and not still in the institution "home". Very late that night, Eva and Charlotte have an impassioned and painful conversation about their past relationship. Charlotte leaves the next day.<ref name="MS">{{Cite book |last1=Bergman |first1=Ingrid |url=http://archive.org/details/ingridbergmanmy00berg |title=Ingrid Bergman, my story |last2=Burgess |first2=Alan |author-link2=Alan Burgess |date=8 October 1981 |publisher=Dell |location=New York|isbn=9780440140856 |via=Internet Archive}}</ref>{{rp|558}} The film was shot in Norway.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Schumach |first=Murray |date=31 August 1982 |title=Ingrid Bergman, winner of 3 Oscars, is dead |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/08/31/obituaries/ingrid-bergman-winner-of-3-oscars-is-dead.html |url-status=live |access-date=7 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190711093003/https://www.nytimes.com/1982/08/31/obituaries/ingrid-bergman-winner-of-3-oscars-is-dead.html |archive-date=11 July 2019}}</ref>

Bergman was battling cancer at the time of the filming. The final two weeks of the shooting schedule required adjustment because she required additional surgery.<ref name="MS"/>{{rp|568–569}} Believing that her career was nearing its end, Bergman wanted her swan song to be honourable. She was pleased with the overwhelming critical acclaim for ''[[Autumn Sonata]]''. [[Stanley Kaufmann]] of ''The New Republic'' wrote, "The astonishment is Bergman's performance. We've all adored her for decades but not many of us have thought her a superb actress. Here, she exalted in the hands of a master."<ref name=":7"/> ''[[Newsweek]]'' wrote, "An expressive force we can't even remember seeing since Hollywood grabbed her."<ref name=":7"/> ''[[The Times]]'' (London) concurred that it was "a tour-de-force, such as the cinema rarely sees".<ref name=":7"/> Both Bergman and Ullmann won the [[New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Film|''New York Film Critic's Award'']] and Italy's [[David di Donatello|''Donatello'']] award, for their roles.<ref name=":13">{{Cite book |last=Bergman |first=Ingrid |title=My Story |publisher=Delacorte |year=1973 |isbn=0440032997 |location=New York |page=531}}</ref> Bergman later recalled that Ingmar had possibly given her the best role of her career, and that she would never make another movie again. "I don't want to go down and play little parts. This should be the end."<ref name=":3"/>

In 1979, Bergman hosted the AFI's Life Achievement Award Ceremony for [[Alfred Hitchcock]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=American Film Institute Salute to Alfred Hitchcock (TV) |url=https://www.paleycenter.org/collection/item/?q=cbs+television+w..&p=30&item=T82:0564 |access-date=7 October 2020 |website=paleycenter.org}}</ref> At the program's finale, she presented him with the wine cellar key that was crucial to the plot of ''Notorious''. "Cary Grant kept this for 10 years, then he gave it to me, and I kept it for 20 years for good luck and now I give it to you with my prayers," before adding "God bless you, Hitch."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Turan |first=Kenneth |author-link=Kenneth Turan |date=9 March 1979 |title=Testimonial With a 'Hitch' |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/lifestyle/1979/03/09/testimonial-with-a-hitch/04d85cab-fc87-4983-b68f-72e2af3f1a39/ |access-date=16 October 2020 |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> Bergman was the guest of honour in the Variety's Club All Star Salute program in December 1979. The show was hosted by Jimmy Stewart and was attended by Cary Grant, Frank Sinatra, Goldie Hawn, Helen Hayes, Paul Henreid and many of her former co-stars. She was honored with the ''Illis Quorum'', the medal given to artists of significance by the King of Sweden.<ref>{{Cite web |title=All-Star Tribute to Ingrid Bergman TV |url=https://www.paleycenter.org/collection/item/?q=cbs&p=19&item=109472 |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=paleycenter.org}}</ref>

{{Multiple image
| align             = left
| direction         = vertical
| total_width       = 195
| image1            = Ingrid bergman my story.jpg
| alt1              = 
| caption1          = Bergman's autobiography, ''My Story''
| image2            = MONI 051.jpg
| caption2          = Bergman's last performance in ''A Woman Called Golda'' won her an Emmy posthumously.
}}

In the late '70s, Bergman appeared on several talk shows and was interviewed by Merv Griffin, David Frost, Michael Parkinson, Mike Douglas, John Russell and Dick Cavett, discussing her life and career.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman |url=https://www.imdb.com/filmosearch?role=nm0000006&job_type=self |access-date=16 October 2020 |website=IMDb}}</ref>

In 1980, Bergman's autobiography, ''Ingrid Bergman: My Story'', was written with the help of [[Alan Burgess]]. In it, she discusses her childhood, her early career, her life during her time in Hollywood, the Rossellini scandal, and subsequent events. The book was written after her son warned her that she would only be known through rumors and interviews if she did not tell her own story.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Klemesrud |first=Judy |date=7 October 1980 |title=Ingrid Bergman: No Regrets At 65; Book Suggested by Son |work=[[The New York Times]] |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1980/10/07/archives/ingrid-bergman-no-regrets-at-65-book-suggested-by-son.html |access-date=29 August 2021 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> In 1982, she was awarded the [[David di Donatello|David di Donatello's]] Golden Medal of the Minister of Tourism, given by The Academy of Italian Cinema.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman |url=https://www.daviddidonatello.it/motore-di-ricerca/cercavincitori2.php?idsoggetto=61&vin=Bergman |access-date=30 November 2020 |website=daviddidonatello |language=it}}</ref>

Finally that year, Bergman played the starring role in a television miniseries, ''[[A Woman Called Golda]]'' (1982), about the late Israeli [[prime minister]] [[Golda Meir]]. It was to be her final acting role and she was honored posthumously with a second [[Emmy Award]] for Best Actress. Bergman was surprised to be offered the role, but the producer explained, "People believe you and trust you, and this is what I want, because Golda Meir had the trust of the people." Her daughter Isabella added, "Now, ''that'' was interesting to Mother." She was also persuaded that Golda was a "grand-scale person", one who people would assume was much taller than she actually was. Chandler notes that the role "also had a special significance for her, as during World War II, Ingrid felt guilty because she had so misjudged the situation in Germany".<ref name="Chandler"/>{{rp|293}}

According to Chandler, "Ingrid's rapidly deteriorating health was a more serious problem. Insurance for Bergman was impossible. Not only did she have cancer, but it was spreading, and if anyone had known how bad it was, no one would have gone on with the project." After viewing the series on TV, Isabella commented:

{{blockquote|She never showed herself like that in life. In life, Mum showed courage. She was always a little vulnerable, courageous, but vulnerable. Mother had a sort of presence, like Golda, I was surprised to see it&nbsp;... When I saw her performance, I saw a mother that I'd never seen before—this woman with balls.<ref name=Chandler/>{{rp|290}}}}

Her daughter said that Bergman identified with Golda Meir, because she, too had felt guilty. Bergman tried to strike a balance between home and work responsibilities and deal with "the inability to be in two places at one time". Bergman's arm was terribly swollen from her cancer surgery. She was often ill during the filming, recovering from a mastectomy and the removal of lymph nodes. It was important to her, as an actress, to make a certain gesture of Meir's, which required her to raise both arms, but she was unable to properly raise one arm. During the night, her arm was propped up, in an uncomfortable position, so that the fluid would drain, and enable her to perform her character's important gesture.<ref name="Chandler"/>{{rp|295}}

Despite her health problems, she rarely complained or let others see the difficulties she endured. Four months after the filming was completed, Bergman died on her 67th birthday. After her death, her daughter Pia accepted her Emmy.<ref name="Chandler"/>{{rp|296}}

==Personal life==
[[File:Petter_Lindström_&_Ingrid_Bergman_1940s.jpg|thumb|Ingrid Bergman and first husband [[Petter Lindström]] in the 1940s]]

=== Marriages and children ===
On 10 July 1937, at the age of 21, in [[Stöde]],<ref name=ancestry/> Bergman married a dentist, [[Petter Lindström | Petter Aron Lindström]], who later became a neurosurgeon. The couple had one child, a daughter, [[Pia Lindström|Friedel Pia Lindström]]. After returning to the United States in 1940, she acted on Broadway before continuing to do films in Hollywood. The following year, her husband arrived from Sweden with Pia. Lindström stayed in [[Rochester, New York]], where he studied medicine and surgery at the [[University of Rochester]].

In between films, Bergman travelled to New York and stayed at their small rented stucco house, her visits lasting from a few days to four months. According to an article in ''Life'', the "doctor regards himself as the undisputed head of the family, an idea that Ingrid accepts cheerfully". He insisted she draw the line between her professional life and her personal life, as he had a "professional dislike for being associated with the tinseled glamor of Hollywood". Lindström later moved to San Francisco, California, where he completed his internship at a private hospital, and they continued to spend time together when she could travel between filming.<ref name="LifeMag"/> Lindström did not view Bergman as the rest of the world did. He thought she was too absorbed with her professional popularity and image, and was full of vanity. According to Bergman's biographer, Donald Spoto, Lindström managed her career and financial matters. He was very frugal with money.<ref name="IT"/> On 27 August 1945, two days before her 30th birthday, she (as Ingrid Lindstrom) and her husband both filed [[Naturalization|U.S. citizenship applications]].<ref name="ancestry"/>

[[File:Roberto Rossellini and Ingrid Bergman, 1953.jpg|upright|thumb|Rossellini and Bergman in 1953, a scandal that rocked Hollywood]]

Lindström had been aware of his wife's affairs. When asked by the biographer why he did not ask for a divorce, he replied bluntly, "I lived with that because of her income."<ref name="IT"/> Bergman returned to Europe after the scandalous publicity surrounding her affair with Italian director [[Roberto Rossellini]] during the filming of ''Stromboli'' in 1950. She begged Lindström for a divorce and contact with their daughter Pia, but he refused.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=17 June 2000 |title=Petter Lindstrom |url=http://www.theguardian.com/film/2000/jun/17/2 |access-date=20 October 2020 |website=The Guardian}}</ref>

In the same month ''Stromboli'' was released, she gave birth to a boy, Renato Roberto Ranaldo Giusto Giuseppe ("Robin") Rossellini (born 2 February 1950).<ref name="Bondanella"/>{{rp|18}} A week after her son was born, she divorced Lindström under Mexican jurisdiction, and married Rossellini by proxy on 24 May 1950.<ref name=":4"/> On 18 June 1952, she gave birth to twin daughters Isotta Ingrid Rossellini and [[Isabella Rossellini]]. Isabella became an actress and model, and Isotta a professor of [[Italian literature]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman-Rossellini, Daughter of Legendary Actress and Renowned Director, to Discuss Her Father's Films |url=https://www.ramapo.edu/news/press-releases/02_25_2004/ |access-date=23 October 2020 |website=News / Media}}</ref> It was not until 1957 that Bergman was reunited with Pia in Rome.<ref>{{cite news|title=Ingrid and Daughter have Tearful Reunion|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-_MhAAAAIBAJ&dq=%22+%22Ingrid+and+Daughter+have+Tearful+Reunion%22%22&pg=PA1|newspaper=The Tuscaloosa News|date=10 July 1957}}</ref> Her ex-husband, however, remained bitter towards Bergman.<ref name=":4"/>

[[File:Ingrid-Bergman-is-visited-by-children-Robertino-Isabella-and-Isotta-Ingrid-352029841260.jpg|thumb|Ingrid Bergman with her three children by Rossellini, in 1963, on the filming set of ''[[The Visit (1964 film)|The Visit]]'']]
During the scandal, Bergman received letters of support from Cary Grant, [[Helen Hayes]], [[Ernest Hemingway]], [[John Steinbeck]] and other celebrities.<ref name=":0"/> The [[adultery]] and remarriage is remembered as a major [[sex scandal]] of 20th century Hollywood.<ref>{{Cite web |last=King |first=Susan |date=19 October 2009 |title=Sex scandals rock Hollywood more often than earthquakes |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-2009-10-19-0910190157-story.html |website=Chicago Tribune}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=16 October 2009 |title=Long tradition of celebrity sex scandals |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2009-oct-16-et-sex-scandals16-story.html |website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> It received an extraordinary amount of media attention in the U.S. and abroad, including Bergman's native Sweden. Bergman was treated harshly by the conservative Swedish press, with some journalists claiming she had destroyed the international reputation of Sweden.<ref name="lunduniversity.lu.se">{{Cite web |last=Hedling |first=Erik |title=European Echoes of Hollywood Scandal: The Reception of Ingrid Bergman in 1950s Sweden |url=https://www.lunduniversity.lu.se/lup/publication/ef63c826-acd5-4c46-98de-8a680dd10b5a |access-date=29 August 2021 |website=[[Lund University]]}}</ref> The scandal also took ethnic overtones, with Rossellini described as the over-sexed [[Latin lover]].<ref name="lunduniversity.lu.se"/> On the other hand, Bergman was defended by [[feminism in Sweden|Swedish feminists]], especially in 1955 when Bergman first returned to Sweden after the scandal, causing friction between conservative journalists and the emerging feminist movement.<ref name="lunduniversity.lu.se"/> In the U.S., the scandal also took xenophobic turns. Sen. Edwin C. Johnson stated that "under the law, no alien guilty of turpitude can set foot on American soil again" and that Bergman had "deliberately exiled herself from this country that was so good to her".<ref name="washingtonpost.com">{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=J. Y. |date=31 August 1982 |title=Actress Ingrid Bergman, Academy Award Winner, Dies |newspaper=[[Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1982/08/31/actress-ingrid-bergman-academy-award-winner-dies/ecfe5360-d8ed-4ef5-8581-055e225b552f/ |access-date=29 August 2021 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref> Isabella Rossellini said that "[..] she was chased out of America because they felt that foreigners and stars, we come to America, and then behave immorally and are bad examples to the younger generations."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Pretot |first=Julien |date=17 May 2015 |title=Ingrid Bergman had made peace with America, says daughter Rossellini |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-filmfestival-cannes-rossellini-idUSKBN0O20M520150517 |work=Reuters}}</ref> Although post-war [[social conservatism|social conservate]] morals stoked the public outrage, another factor was Bergman's on-screen image as a pure, saint-like character; she later commented: "People saw me in ''Joan of Arc'', and declared me a saint. I'm not. I'm just a woman, another human being"<ref>{{Cite web |date=28 August 2020 |title=The scandalous affair that saw Ingrid Bergman exiled from Hollywood |url=https://honey.nine.com.au/latest/ingrid-bergman-affair-scandal-casablanca-star/892d0613-2be1-42a6-85a7-f8e5b52ef474 |website=9Honey}}</ref> and "It was because so many people, who knew me only on the screen, thought I was perfect and infallible and then were angry and disappointed that I wasn't ... A nun does not fall in love with an Italian."<ref name="washingtonpost.com"/>

Her marriage with Rossellini declined and eventually ended in divorce in 1957.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Linden |first=Sheri |date=29 September 2013 |title=Roberto Rossellini and Ingrid Bergman's on-screen alliance |url=https://www.latimes.com/entertainment/movies/la-xpm-2013-sep-29-la-et-mn-second-look-robert-rossellini-ingrid-bergman-20130929-story.html |access-date=5 December 2020 |work=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> Rossellini's cousin, Renzo Avanzo, was worried that Bergman would discourage Rossellini from making pictures he should be making.<ref name=":0"/> Rossellini didn't like her friends, fearing they would lure her back to Hollywood. He was possessive and would not allow Bergman to work for anyone else.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} In 1957, Rossellini had an affair with Sonali Das Gupta while filming in India. Bergman met with Indian Prime Minister [[Jawaharlal Nehru]] in London, to get permission for Rossellini to leave India.<ref>{{Cite web |date=5 May 2008 |title=Nehru helped foreign filmmaker in his romance with Bengal lady |url=https://mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/news/india/Nehru-helped-foreign-filmmaker-in-his-romance-with-Bengal-lady/articleshow/15808237.cms |access-date=20 October 2020 |website=Mumbai Mirror}}</ref>

{{Multiple image
| align = left
| direction = vertical
| total_width = 195
| image1 = Aankomst Ingrid Bergmann op Schiphol Lars Schmidt en Ingrid Bergmann tijdens per, Bestanddeelnr 912-2295.jpg
| alt1 =
| caption1 = Bergman with third husband, theatre producer, Lars Schmidt
| image2 = Choisel Espace Ingrid Bergman 2011 4.jpg
| caption2 = Bergman's former residence in Choisel, where she lived with Lars Schmidt in the 60s
}}

On 21 December 1958, Bergman married Lars Schmidt, a theatrical entrepreneur from a wealthy Swedish shipping family. She met Schmidt through her publicist, Kay Brown. The couple and their children spent summers together in Danholmen, Lars's private island off the coast of Sweden. They also stayed at [[Choisel]] near Paris. Bergman traveled frequently for filming, while Lars produced plays and television shows all over Europe, and their work schedules put a strain on their marriage.{{citation needed|date=December 2020}} While vacationing with Schmidt in Monte Gordo beach in Algarve, Portugal in 1963, right after making the TV movie ''Hedda Gabler'', she received a ticket for wearing a too-revealing bikini by the modesty standards of conservative Portugal.<ref>{{Cite web |date=31 March 2010 |title=O bikini |url=http://blogues.publico.pt/reporterasolta/o-bikini/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200406154716/http://blogues.publico.pt/reporterasolta/o-bikini/ |archive-date=6 April 2020 |access-date=19 July 2017 |website=Repórter à Solta |language=pt}}</ref> After almost two decades of marriage, the couple divorced in 1975. Nonetheless, Lars was by her side when she died on 29 August 1982, her 67th birthday.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Smit |first=David |title=Ingrid Bergman: The Life, Career and Public Image |date=2012 |publisher=McFarland |page=116}}</ref>

One of Bergman's grandchildren is [[Elettra Rossellini Wiedemann]].<ref>{{cite web | url=https://people.com/parents/elettra-wiedemann-welcomes-baby-son-viggo-river/ | title=Model Elettra Wiedemann, Granddaughter of Ingrid Bergman, Welcomes Baby Boy Viggo River }}</ref>

In October 1978, Bergman gave an interview on her last film role, ''Autumn Sonata'', which explored the relationship between a mother and daughter. She played a classical concert pianist, who values her career more than motherhood and caring for her two daughters. Bergman said: "A lot of it is what I have lived through, leaving my children, having a career." She recalled instances in her own life, "when she had to pry her children's arms from around her neck, 'and then go away' to advance her career."<ref name=":3"/> In her will, the bulk of her estate was divided among her four children, with some provision for Rossellini's niece Fiorella, Bergman's maid in Rome, and her agent's daughter Kate Brown.<ref name=":12">{{Cite book |last=Carter |first=Grace May |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SeeRDQAAQBAJ&q=ingrid+bergman+++robert+anderson&pg=PT363 |title=Ingrid Bergman |date=24 November 2016 |publisher=New Word City |isbn=978-1-61230-098-6}}</ref>

===Relationships===
Bergman had affairs with her directors and co-stars in the 1940s. Spencer Tracy and Bergman briefly dated during the filming of ''Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Double Act: Katharine Hepburn & Spencer Tracy |url=https://therake.com/stories/icons/katharine-hepburn-spencer-tracy/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022030935/https://therake.com/stories/icons/katharine-hepburn-spencer-tracy/ |archive-date=22 October 2020 |access-date=18 October 2020 |website=therake.com}}</ref> She later had an affair with Gary Cooper while shooting [[For Whom the Bell Tolls (film)|''For Whom the Bell Tolls'']]. Cooper said, "No one loved me more than Ingrid Bergman, but the day after filming concluded, I couldn't even get her on the phone."<ref name="IT">{{Cite web |title=A hymn to Saint Ingrid |url=https://www.irishtimes.com/news/a-hymn-to-saint-ingrid-1.127101?mode=amp|date= 15 November 1997 |access-date=18 October 2020 |website=Irish Times}}</ref> Jeanine Basinger writes, [Victor] "Fleming fell deeply in love with the irresistible Swede and never really got over it". While directing his final film ''Joan of Arc'', he was completely enthralled with Bergman.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Basinger |first=Jeanine |date=15 December 2008 |title=The Director MGM Trusted With Everything (Published 2008) |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/12/16/books/16basi.html |access-date=18 October 2020 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> She had a brief affair with musician [[Larry Adler]] when she was travelling across Europe entertaining the troops in 1945.<ref name=IT/><ref>{{Cite news |date=5 August 2016 |title=Ingrid Bergman — spellbinding, notorious |work=Financial Times |url=https://www.ft.com/content/9fadc118-58bb-11e6-9f70-badea1b336d4 |access-date=18 October 2020}}</ref> In Anthony Quinn's autobiography, he mentions his sexual relationship with Bergman, among his many other affairs.<ref>{{Cite web |title=One Long Ride Anthony Quinn's Interesting Life Is Told In Detail In His Autobiography 'One Man Tango' |url=https://www.spokesman.com/stories/1995/nov/01/one-long-ride-anthony-quinns-interesting-life-is/ |access-date=18 October 2020 |website=spokesman.com |date=November 1995 }}</ref> [[Howard Hughes]] was also quite taken by Bergman. They met through Cary Grant and Irene Selznick. He phoned one day to inform her that he had just bought [[RKO]] as a present for her.<ref>{{Cite web |date=26 August 1995 |title=When Ingrid Bergman met Howard Hughes |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/when-ingrid-bergman-met-howard-hughes-1598091.html |access-date=18 October 2020 |website=The Independent}}</ref>

[[File:Spellbound 1945 Still.jpg|thumb|Gregory Peck admitted to having an affair with Bergman during the making of the 1945 film ''[[Spellbound (1945 film)|Spellbound]]''.]]

During her marriage to Lindström, Bergman also had affairs with the photographer [[Robert Capa]] and actor [[Gregory Peck]]. It was through Bergman's autobiography that her affair with Capa became known.<ref name="Marton">{{Cite book |last=Marton |first=Kati |url=https://archive.org/details/greatescapeninej00mart |title=The Great Escape: Nine Jews Who Fled Hitler and Changed the World |publisher=Simon & Schuster |year=2006 |isbn=978-0-7432-6115-9 |location=New York |lccn=2006049162 |oclc=70864519 |author-link=Kati Marton}}</ref><sup>p.&nbsp;176</sup> In June 1945, Bergman was passing through Paris, on her way to Berlin to entertain American soldiers. In response to a dinner invitation she met Capa and novelist [[Irwin Shaw]]. By her account, they had a wonderful evening. The next day, she departed for Berlin. Two months later, Capa was in Berlin, photographing ruins, and they met again. Distressed over her marriage to Lindström, she fell in love with Capa, and wished to leave her husband. During their months together in Berlin, Capa made enough money to follow Bergman back to Hollywood. Although ''[[Life (magazine)|Life]]'' magazine assigned him to cover Bergman, he was unhappy with the "frivolity" of Hollywood.<ref name="brenner_capa">{{Cite magazine |last=Brenner |first=Marie |title=War Photographer Robert Capa and his Coverage of D-day |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2014/06/photographer-robert-capa-d-day |url-status=live |magazine=Vanity Fair |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191217205849/https://www.vanityfair.com/culture/2014/06/photographer-robert-capa-d-day |archive-date=17 December 2019 |access-date=8 October 2020}}</ref>

[[File:Ingrid_Bergman_in_Notorious_Trailer.jpg|thumb|left|Ingrid Bergman and Cary Grant had a close friendship, and he accepted her Academy Award on her behalf for her role in ''[[Anastasia (1956 film)|Anastasia]]'' at the [[29th Academy Awards]] ceremony.]]

Bergman's brief affair with ''[[Spellbound (1945 film)|Spellbound]]'' co-star Gregory Peck<ref>{{Cite book |last=Haney |first=Lynn |url={{Google books|YGqLGiJl69oC|page=PT31|keywords=ingrid%20bergman%20gregory%20peck|text=|plainurl=yes}} |title=Gregory Peck: A Charmed Life |publisher=Da Capo Press |year=2009 |isbn=9780786737819}}</ref> was kept private until Peck confessed it to Brad Darrach of ''[[People (American magazine)|People]]'' in an interview five years after Bergman's death. Peck said, "All I can say is that I had a real love for her (Bergman), and I think that's where I ought to stop ... I was young. She was young. We were involved for weeks in close and intense work."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Fishgall |first=Gary |url=https://archive.org/details/gregorypeckbiogr00fish |title=Gregory Peck: A Biography |publisher=Simon and Schuster |year=2002 |isbn=9780684852904 |page=[https://archive.org/details/gregorypeckbiogr00fish/page/98 98] |url-access=registration}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Smit |first=David |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cRWgEXLEzFQC&q=gregory+peck+ingrid+bergman+affair&pg=PA29 |title=Ingrid Bergman: The Life, Career and Public Image |publisher=McFarland |year=2012 |isbn=9780786472260 |page=30}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |last=Darrach |first=Brad |date=15 June 1987 |title=Gregory Peck |url=http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20096523,00.html |url-status=dead |magazine=[[People (magazine)|People]] |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151006071300/http://www.people.com/people/archive/article/0,,20096523,00.html |archive-date=6 October 2015 |access-date=5 October 2015}}</ref>

Bergman was a [[Lutheran]],<ref>{{Cite book |last=Carter |first=Grace May |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SeeRDQAAQBAJ&q=Ingrid+Bergman+Lutheran&pg=PT60 |title=Ingrid Bergman |date=24 November 2016 |publisher=New Word City |isbn=9781612300986 |via=Google Books}}</ref> once saying of herself, "I'm tall, Swedish, and Lutheran".<ref>{{Cite web |title=A Profile in Courage, Ingrid Bergman Plays Golda While Battling Cancer |url=http://people.com/archive/a-profile-in-courage-ingrid-bergman-plays-golda-while-battling-cancer-vol-17-no-16/ |access-date=22 February 2019 |website=People}}</ref>

Later, her daughter [[Isabella Rossellini]] said: "She showed that women are independent, that women want to tell their own story, want to take initiative, but sometimes, they can't because sometimes, our social culture doesn't allow women to break away from certain rules."<ref name="JP">{{Cite news |last=Pretot |first=Julien |date=17 May 2015 |title=Ingrid Bergman had made peace with America, says daughter Rossellini |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-filmfestival-cannes-rossellini-idUSKBN0O20M520150517 |access-date=13 October 2020}}</ref>

After the making of ''[[Intermezzo: A Love Story]]'' (1939), producer [[David O. Selznick]] and his wife [[Irene Selznick|Irene]] became friends with Bergman and remained so throughout her career.<ref name="Thomson"/>{{rp|76}} Bergman also formed a lifelong friendship with her ''Notorious'' co-star, Cary Grant. They met briefly in 1938 at a party thrown by Selznick.<ref>{{Cite web |date=30 August 2015 |title=Ingrid Bergman and Cary Grant: An "Indiscreet" Friendship |url=https://sistercelluloid.com/2015/08/30/ingrid-bergman-and-cary-grant-an-indiscreet-friendship/ |access-date=17 October 2020 |website=Sister Celluloid}}</ref> Scott Eyman in his book, ''Cary Grant: A Brilliant Disguise'', wrote: "Grant found that he liked Ingrid Bergman a great deal.... She was beautiful, but lots of actresses are beautiful. What made Bergman special was her indifference to her looks, her clothes, to everything except her art."<ref>{{Cite news |last=Epstein |first=Joseph |date=16 October 2020 |title='Cary Grant: A Brilliant Disguise' Review: The Enigma of Charisma |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/cary-grant-a-brilliant-disguise-review-the-enigma-of-charisma-11602860598 |access-date=17 October 2020 |issn=0099-9660}}</ref> Bergman and Hitchcock also formed a sustained friendship out of mutual admiration.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Book Extracts: Ingrid Bergman – "My Story" – The Alfred Hitchcock Wiki |url=https://the.hitchcock.zone/wiki/Book_Extracts:_Ingrid_Bergman_-_%22My_Story%22 |access-date=26 October 2020 |website=the.hitchcock.zone}}</ref>

At {{convert|5|ft|9|in}},<ref name="NYT"/> she was taller than some of her male costars, causing occasional problems. She was two&nbsp;inches (5&nbsp;cm) taller than [[Humphrey Bogart]], and Bogart was reported as standing on blocks or sitting on cushions in their scenes together in ''Casablanca''.<ref>{{Harvnb|Harmetz|1992|p=170}}</ref> Bergman was also taller than Claude Rains, and for the scenes in ''Notorious'' where Rains and Bergman were to walk hand-in-hand, Hitchcock devised a system of ramps that boosted Rains's height below camera level,<ref name="mcg380">McGilligan, pp.  379–380</ref> and Rains also wore [[elevator shoes]] in some scenes.<ref name="mcg380"/>

==Illness and death==
[[File:Norra, Ingrid.JPG|thumb|left|Bergman's grave at [[Norra Begravningsplatsen]]]]
During the run of ''[[The Constant Wife]]'' in London, Bergman discovered a hard lump under her left breast. The lump was removed on 15 June 1974 in a London clinic. While working on ''[[Autumn Sonata]]'', Bergman discovered another lump, and flew back to London for another surgery.<ref name="MS"/>{{rp|568–569}} Afterward, she began rehearsals for ''[[Waters of the Moon]]'' (1978).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Production of Waters of the Moon |url=https://theatricalia.com/play/3zb/waters-of-the-moon/production/vqd |access-date=16 August 2022 |website=theatricalia.com}}</ref>

Despite her illness, she agreed [[A Woman Called Golda|to play Golda Meir]] in 1981, then retired to her apartment in Cheyne Gardens, London, where she underwent chemotherapy. As photographers camped outside on the pavement, she refrained from approaching the front window. The cancer had spread to her spine, collapsing her twelfth vertebra; her right lung no longer functioned, and only a small part of her left lung had not collapsed.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Leamer |first=Laurence |title=As Time Goes By; The Life of Ingrid Bergman |publisher=Sphere Books Limited |year=1987 |isbn=9780722154939 |location=London, United Kingdom |page=396}}</ref>

Bergman died in London on 29 August 1982, at midnight on [[birthday effect|her 67th birthday]]. Her ex-husband Lars Schmidt and three other people were present, having drunk their last toast to her hours earlier. A copy of ''[[The Little Prince]]'' was at her bedside, opened to a page near the end.<ref name=":12"/> The memorial service was held in [[St Martin-in-the-Fields]] church in October with 1,200 mourners. In attendance were her children, the Rossellinis, and relatives from Sweden, as well as numerous fellow actors and costars, including Liv Ullmann, Sir John Gielgud, Dame Wendy Hiller, [[Birgit Nilsson]] and [[Joss Ackland]]. As part of the service, quotations from [[Shakespeare]] were read. Musical selections included "[[This Old Man]]" from ''The Inn of the Sixth Happiness'', and "[[As Time Goes By (song)|As Time Goes By]]".<ref name=":0"/> Bergman's grandson, Justin Daly, recalled the event as hundreds of photographers were waiting and taking pictures, when a camera hit him on the head: "In the middle of all this chaos, I could sense that she wasn't just my grandmother. She belonged to everyone else. She belonged to the world."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Nolasco |first=Stephanie |date=4 January 2021 |title=Ingrid Bergman's grandson recalls growing up with the "Casablanca" star, how she endured romantic scandal |url=https://www.foxnews.com/entertainment/ingrid-bergman-casablanca-star-justin-daly-grandson |access-date=19 January 2021 |website=Fox News}}</ref>

Ingrid Bergman was cremated at a private ceremony attended only by close relatives and five friends<ref>{{Cite news |date=2 September 1982 |title=Ingrid Bergman Is Cremated At Private London Ceremony |work=The New York Times |agency=United Press International |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/09/02/arts/ingrid-bergman-is-cremated-at-private-london-ceremony.html |access-date=24 November 2020 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> at [[Kensal Green Cemetery]], London, and her ashes were taken to Sweden. Most were scattered in the sea around the islet of Dannholmen, near the fishing village of [[Fjällbacka]] in [[Bohuslän]]. The location is on the west coast of Sweden, a place where she had spent most of the summers from 1958 until her death. The remainder of her ashes were placed next to her parents' ashes in [[Norra Begravningsplatsen]] (Northern Cemetery or Burial Place), Stockholm, Sweden.<ref name="James"/>

==Acting style, public image and screen persona==
[[File:Annex - Bergman, Ingrid (Notorious) 03.jpg|thumb|upright=.9|Ingrid Bergman in ''[[Notorious (1946 film)|Notorious]]'' (1946). American film critic Dan Callahan called Bergman "The great female Hitchcock actor".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Shields |first=Ben |date=25 November 2020 |title=When Hitchcock's Camera Lies: An Interview with Dan Callahan |url=https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/when-hitchcocks-camera-lies-an-interview-with-dan-callahan/ |access-date=26 November 2020 |website=Los Angeles Review of Books}}</ref>]]
According to the ''[[St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture]]'', upon her arrival in the U.S. Bergman quickly became "the ideal of American womanhood" and a contender for Hollywood's greatest leading actress.<ref name="James">{{Cite book |last1=Pendergast |first1=Tom |title=St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture |title-link=St. James Encyclopedia of Popular Culture |last2=Pendergast |first2=Sara |date=2000 |publisher=[[Gale Publishing]] |isbn=1-55862-405-8 |location=Farmington Hills, Michigan}}</ref> [[David O. Selznick]] once called her "the most completely conscientious actress" with whom he had ever worked.

Bergman was often associated with vulnerable yet strong characters who were in love but were also troubled by anxiety and fear.<ref name=":8"/> As preparation for ''Gaslight'' she went to a mental hospital and observed a particular patient.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Anthony |first=Scott |date=3 June 2019 |title=A Film to Remember: "Gaslight" (1944) |url=https://medium.com/@sadissinger/a-film-to-remember-gaslight-1944-17d757ef3099 |access-date=28 October 2020 |website=Medium}}</ref> For ''A Woman Called Golda'' she reviewed tapes in order to master Meir's mannerisms.<ref name=":0"/> In ''Autumn Sonata'', she moves across the screen like a caged animal but always keeps a ladylike composure that makes her words even more "silent but deathly".<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 October 2013 |title='Autumn Sonata' Is as Bruising as It Is Life Affirming |url=https://www.popmatters.com/ingmar-bergman-autumn-sonata-2495720796.html |access-date=26 October 2020 |website=PopMatters}}</ref> Bergman could be rigid and stubborn in her acting approach. Ingmar Bergman stated that they argued frequently, on set. "She went to a limit and objected to go beyond the limit."<ref name=":0"/> Jan Göransson of the Swedish Film Institute described Bergman as stubborn and loved to question her directors, whose innovative ideas about acting eventually won her over.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Oczypok |first=Kate |date=30 September 2015 |title=Swedish Embassy Celebrates 100 Years of Ingrid Bergman |url=https://washdiplomat.com/swedish-embassy-celebrates-100-years-of-ingrid-bergman/ |access-date=19 November 2020 |website=Washington Diplomat}}</ref>

Bergman's ability to instantly change emotions was one of her greatest talents. Funing Tang from the [[University of Miami]] asserted, "even a moment of reticence, a little glance, or even an eye movement can alter the film's direction and provide her film and character with suspense, ambiguity and mysteriousness, which are rooted in her singular characteristics."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Tang |first=Funing |date=13 December 2013 |title=Acting as Being: Ingrid Bergman's Performances |url=https://scholarship.miami.edu/discovery/fulldisplay?docid=alma991031447435202976&context=L&vid=01UOML_INST:ResearchRepository&lang=en&search_scope=Research&adaptor=Local%20Search%20Engine&tab=Research&query=sub,exact,Star%20Studies,AND&mode=advanced |website=scholarship.miami.edu}}</ref>

[[Roger Ebert]] echoed the same observation when he cited that Bergman has her way of looking into a man's face. He added: "She doesn't simply gaze at his eyes, as so many actresses do, their thoughts on the next line of dialogue. She peers into the eyes, searching for meaning and clues, and when she is in a close two-shot with an actor, watch the way her own eyes reflect the most minute changes in his expression."<ref name=":10"/>

For writer Susan Kerr, Bergman might have the greatest downcast eyes in history. "She got her greatest effects in ''Casablanca'' and ''Gaslight'' and ''Spellbound'' and ''Notorious'' by swooping her eyes down to the floor and darting them back and forth, as if watching a mouse scurry across the room", Kerr wrote.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Kerr |first=Sarah |date=14 January 1998 |title=Human, All Too Human |work=Slate |url=http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/movies/1998/01/human_all_too_human.html |access-date=26 November 2020 |issn=1091-2339}}</ref>
{{quote box
| width = 18em
| bgcolor = #D8BFD8
| align = left
| quote = Of course, some of Ingrid's pictures in those early American years were not masterpieces, but I remember very clearly that whatever she did I was always fascinated by her face. In her face-the skin-the eyes-the mouth-especially the mouth. There was this very strange radiance and an enormous erotic attraction. It had nothing to do with the body, but in the relationship between her mouth, her skin, and her eyes.
| source = —Ingmar Bergman on Ingrid Bergman<ref name=":7"/>
}}

According to ''Stardom and the Aesthetics of Neorealism: Ingrid Bergman in Rossellini's Italy'', Alfred Hitchcock was responsible for transforming Bergman's screen persona towards "less is more". He coaxed her to be more understated and neutral, while his camera concentrated the expression in the micro-movement of her face. Much of his work with her involved efforts to quell her expressiveness, gestures and body movements. Susan White, one of the contributing authors in ''A Companion to Alfred Hitchcock'', argued that while Bergman was one of his favorite collaborators, she is not the quintessential Hitchcock blonde. She is more like "a resistant and defiant blonde", in contrast to the Grace Kelly type (who was) more malleable and conformative.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Leitch |first1=Thomas |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ePMxuoC5kTYC&q=ingrid+bergman+++%22screen+persona%22&pg=PA186 |title=A Companion to Alfred Hitchcock |last2=Poague |first2=Leland |date=1 March 2011 |publisher=John Wiley & Sons |isbn=978-1-4443-9731-4}}</ref> For Bergman, the face became a central aspect to her persona.<ref>{{Cite book |last=McElhaney |first=Joe |url=https://www.academia.edu/33339019 |title=Hitchcock: Past and Future |publisher=Routledge |year=2004 |isbn=9780415275255 |editor-last=Allen |editor-first=Richard |page=72 |chapter=The Object and the Face: ''Notorious'', Bergman and the Close-Up |access-date=10 November 2020 |editor-last2=Ishi-Gonzales |editor-first2=Same}}</ref> In many of her films, her body is covered up in what are often elaborate costumes; nun's habits, doctor's coats, soldier's armors, and Victorian dresses.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gelley |first=Ora |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gjy0MiV8Bc0C |title=Stardom and the Aesthetics of Neorealism: Ingrid Bergman in Rossellini's Italy |date=21 August 2012 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=978-1-136-32300-3}}</ref> The technique of ''[[chiaroscuro]]'' had been used in many of Bergman's films to capture the ambience and the emotional turmoils of her characters through her face.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Scene Analysis Of Casablanca Film Studies Essay |url=https://www.ukessays.com/essays/film-studies/scene-analysis-of-casablanca-film-studies-essay.php |access-date=6 November 2020 |website=UKEssays.com}}</ref> In the case of ''Casablanca'', shadows and lighting were used to make her face look thinner.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Nichols |first=Peter M. |date=8 August 2003 |title=Rick or Victor? A Fateful Choice (Published 2003) |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2003/08/08/movies/rick-or-victor-a-fateful-choice.html |access-date=6 November 2020 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Peter Byrnes of ''The Sydney Morning Herald'' wrote that ''Casablanca'' is perhaps the world's best close-up movie, in which he added, "after the initial set-up, they just keep coming, a series of stunningly emotional close-ups to die for". Byrnes asserted that these close-ups are the start of the seduction process between Bergman and the audience. He added, "She is so beautiful, and so beautifully lit, that the audience feels they've had their money's worth already."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Byrnes |first=Paul |date=15 September 2015 |title=Frame it again, Sam: Hollywood and the lost art of the close-up |url=https://www.smh.com.au/entertainment/movies/paul-byrnes-says-the-classic-closeup-has-gone-soft-20150914-gjlvpg.html |access-date=6 November 2020 |website=The Sydney Morning Herald}}</ref> Bergman's daughter, Pia Lindstrom felt that her mother gave some of her best acting in her later films once her mother had finally been freed of her youthful, radiant physical beauty.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Lipson |first=Karin |date=11 May 2004 |title=A woman called Ingrid |url=https://www.newsday.com/lifestyle/a-woman-called-ingrid-1.550642 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201127153703/https://www.newsday.com/lifestyle/a-woman-called-ingrid-1.550642 |archive-date=27 November 2020 |access-date=19 November 2020 |website=Newsday}}</ref>
[[File:Ingrid Bergman in Casablanca trailer(3).jpg|thumb|Bergman as Ilsa Lund in ''Casablanca'', her most famous role.]]
Prominent film writer Dan Callahan commented that there is an element of suspense when watching how Bergman{{snd}}who was a [[polyglot]]{{snd}}emotes, enhanced by her voice and the way she read her lines. He wrote that Bergman was less effective while speaking in French and German, as if she were void of creative energy.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Callahan |first=Dan |title=A Woman's Voice: Ingrid Bergman in Five Languages |url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/6483-a-woman-s-voice-ingrid-bergman-in-five-languages |access-date=26 October 2020 |website=The Criterion Collection}}</ref> [[Angelica Jade Bastién]] of Vulture echoed the same sentiment, that Bergman's secret weapon is her voice and her accent.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Bastién |first=Angelica Jade |title=Notorious: The Same |url=https://www.criterion.com/current/posts/6147-notorious-the-same-hunger |website=The Criterion Collection}}</ref>

Bergman portrayed women in extra-marital affairs in ''Intermezzo'' and ''Casablanca'', prostitutes in ''Arch of Triumph'' and ''Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde'', and a villainess in ''Saratoga Trunk''. Nonetheless, the public seemed to believe that Bergman's off-screen persona was similar to the saintly characters she played in ''Joan of Arc'' and ''The Bells of St. Mary's''. Although the preponderance of "fallen woman" roles did not besmirch Bergman's saintly status, the publicized affair with Rossellini resulted in a public sense of betrayal.<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Smit |first=David W. |date=1 July 2005 |title=Marketing Ingrid Bergman |url=https://doi.org/10.1080/10509200490474465 |journal=Quarterly Review of Film and Video |volume=22 |issue=3 |pages=237–250 |doi=10.1080/10509200490474465 |issn=1050-9208 |s2cid=194074353|url-access=subscription }}</ref> David O. Selznick testified later, "I'm afraid I'm responsible for the public's image of her as Saint Ingrid. We deliberately built her up as the normal, healthy, unneurotic career woman, devoid of scandal and with an idyllic home life. I guess that backfired later."<ref>{{Cite book |last=Butler |first=Jeremy G. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sSiswETs094C&q=%22We+deliberately+built+her+up+as+the+normal%2C+healthy%2C+unneurotic+career+woman%22&pg=PA249 |title=Star Texts: Image and Performance in Film and Television |date=1991 |publisher=Wayne State University Press |isbn=978-0-8143-2312-0}}</ref>

==Legacy==
The news of Bergman's death was widely reported across the United States and Europe. Both the ''[[Los Angeles Times]]''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Morrison |first=Patt |date=31 August 1982 |title=From the Archives: 3-Time Oscar Winner Ingrid Bergman Dies |url=https://www.latimes.com/local/la-me-ingrid-bergman-19820831-story.html |access-date=14 October 2020 |website=Los Angeles Times}}</ref> and the ''[[New York Post]]'' printed front page notices. The ''New York Post'' announcement was in bold red.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman Dies |url=https://newyorkcityinthewitofaneye.com/tag/new-york-post-vintage-newspaper/ |access-date=14 October 2020 |website=New York City – In The Wit of an Eye}}</ref> ''[[The New York Times]]'' stated: "Ingrid Bergman, Winner of Three Oscars Is Dead."<ref name="NYT">{{Cite news |last=Schumach |first=Murray |date=31 August 1982 |title=Ingrid Bergman, Winner of 3 Oscars, Is Dead |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1982/08/31/obituaries/ingrid-bergman-winner-of-3-oscars-is-dead.html |access-date=14 October 2020 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> ''[[The Washington Post]]'' paid its tribute in an article that called her "an actress whose innocent yet provocative beauty made her one of the great stars of stage and screen".<ref>{{Cite news |last=Smith |first=J. Y. |date=31 August 1982 |title=Actress Ingrid Bergman, Academy Award Winner, Dies |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/local/1982/08/31/actress-ingrid-bergman-academy-award-winner-dies/ecfe5360-d8ed-4ef5-8581-055e225b552f/ |access-date=14 October 2020 |issn=0190-8286}}</ref>

[[File:Ingrid Bergman, Yank, the Army Weekly, March 1945 (UTX).jpg|thumb|Bergman in a magazine photo shoot in the 1940s|right]]
Bergman was mourned by many, especially her fellow co-stars. They praised her tenacity, spirit, and warmth. Joseph Cotten considered her a great friend and a great actress. Paul Henreid commented: "She was so terribly beautiful in her youth. She was a very strong lady with great desires and emotions and she led a colorful life." Liv Ullmann said that she would mourn her because "She made me very proud to be a woman," she added. Leonard Nimoy praised her tenacity and courage. "I developed enormous respect for her as a person and talent. She was a marvelous lady and actress".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Actress remembered as strong in cancer fight |url=https://www.upi.com/Archives/1982/08/30/Actress-remembered-as-strong-in-cancer-fight/3760399528000/ |access-date=19 October 2020 |website=United Press International}}</ref>

On 30 August 1983, stars, friends and family came to [[Venice Film Festival]] to honour the late Bergman on the first anniversary of her death. Among the many guests were Gregory Peck, Walter Matthau, Audrey Hepburn, [[Roger Moore]], [[Charlton Heston]], Prince Albert of Monaco, [[Claudette Colbert]] and [[Olivia de Havilland]]. They dined and wined for five days while remembering Bergman and the legacy she left behind.<ref>{{Cite web |date=19 September 1983 |title=The Stars Fell on Venice to Honor Ingrid Bergman on the First Anniversary of Her Death |url=https://people.com/archive/the-stars-fell-on-venice-to-honor-ingrid-bergman-on-the-first-anniversary-of-her-death-vol-20-no-12/ |access-date=19 January 2021 |website=People}}</ref>

Despite suffering from cancer for eight years, Bergman continued her career and won international honours for her final roles. "Her spirit triumphed with remarkable grace and courage", added biographer [[Donald Spoto]].<ref name="Spoto"/> Director [[George Cukor]] once summed up her contributions to the film media when he said to her, "Do you know what I especially love about you, Ingrid, my dear? I can sum it up as your naturalness. The camera loves your beauty, your acting, and your individuality. A star must have individuality. It makes you a great star."<ref name="Chandler"/>{{rp|11}}
[[File:Ingrid Bergman star on Hollywood Blvd IMG 6631 copy.jpg|thumb|left|Ingrid Bergman star on [[Hollywood Walk of Fame]]]]
Writing about her first years in Hollywood, ''[[Life Magazine|Life]]'' stated that "All Bergman vehicles are blessed", and "they all go speedily and happily, with no temperament from the leading lady".<ref name="LifeMag"/> She was "completely pleased" with the management of her early career by [[David O. Selznick]], who always found excellent dramatic roles for her to play, and equally satisfied with her salary, once saying, "I am an actress, and I am interested in acting, not in making money." ''Life'' adds that "she has greater versatility than any actress on the American screen&nbsp;... Her roles have demanded an adaptability and sensitiveness of characterization to which few actresses could rise".<ref name="LifeMag"/>

Biographer Donald Spoto said she was "arguably the most international star in the history of entertainment". After her American film debut in the film ''[[Intermezzo: A Love Story]]'' (1939), Hollywood saw her as a unique actress who was completely natural in style, and without need for much make-up. Film critic [[James Agee]] wrote that she "not only bears a startling resemblance to an imaginable human being; she really knows how to act, in a blend of poetic grace with quiet realism".<ref name=James/>

Film historian [[David Thomson (film critic)|David Thomson]], said she "always strove to be a 'true' woman", and many filmgoers identified with her:{{blockquote|There was a time in the early and mid-1940s when Bergman commanded a kind of love in America that has been hardly ever matched. In turn, it was the strength of that affection that animated the "scandal" when she behaved like an impetuous and ambitious actress instead of a saint.<ref name="Thomson">Thomson, David. ''The New Biographical Dictionary of Film'', Alfred A. Knopf, N.Y. (2002)</ref>{{rp|76}}}}

According to her daughter Isabella Rossellini, her mother had a deep sense of freedom and independence. She then added: "She was able to integrate so many cultures... she is not even American but she is totally part of American culture like she is totally part of the Swedish, Italian, French, European film making."<ref name= JP/>

[[Wesleyan University]] hosts the "Ingrid Bergman Collection" of Bergman's personal papers, scripts, awards, portraits, photos, scrapbooks, costumes, legal papers, financial records, stills, clippings and memorabilia.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman, Cinema Archives – Wesleyan University |url=https://www.wesleyan.edu/cinema/collections/bergman.html |access-date=23 October 2020 |website=wesleyan.edu}}</ref>

=== Activism ===
[[File:Ingrid Bergman with servicemen drinking soda during WWII (23221556673).jpg|thumb|upright|Bergman and two seamen of the [[Allies of World War II|United Nations]]—a [[United States Coast Guard|U.S. Coast Guardsman]], (left), and a [[Royal Navy]] (British) sailor—take a sip of a drink through three straws, at New York City's [[Stage Door Canteen]] that distributed cigarettes, sandwiches, coffee and other refreshments to Allied servicemen.]]
During a 1946 press conference in [[Washington, D.C.]] for the promotion of the play ''Joan of Lorraine'', she protested to the newspapers regarding [[Racial segregation in the United States|racial segregation]] after seeing it first hand at Lisner Auditorium, the theater where she was working. This led to significant publicity and some hate mail. A bust of Bergman has been placed outside the Lisner Auditorium, in recognition of her protest, and as a reminder of the venue's segregated past.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Top Five Last Looks for Graduates |url=https://gwtoday.gwu.edu/top-five-last-looks-graduates |access-date=10 October 2020 |website=gwtoday.gwu.edu}}</ref>

Bergman went to [[Alaska]] during World War II to entertain [[US Army]] troops. Soon after the war ended, she also went to Europe for the same purpose, where she was able to see the devastation caused by the war.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Carter |first=Grace May |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=SeeRDQAAQBAJ&q=bergman+went+to+europe+entertain+troops&pg=PT148 |title=Ingrid Bergman |date=24 November 2016 |publisher=New Word City |isbn=978-1-61230-098-6}}</ref> She arrived in Paris on 6 June 1945 with [[Jack Benny]], Larry Adler and [[Martha Tilton]] where they stayed at The Ritz Hotel. Bergman's performance was rather limited; she couldn't sing, she couldn't play an instrument and she didn't have Jack Benny's humour. In Kassel, she ran offstage in tears.<ref name=":0"/> When they went to see a concentration camp, she stayed behind.<ref name=":7"/> After the onset of World War II, Bergman felt guilt for her initial dismissal of the [[Nazi]] state in Germany. According to her biographer Charlotte Chandler, she had at first considered the Nazis only a "temporary aberration, 'too foolish to be taken seriously'. She believed Germany would not start a war." Bergman felt that "the good people there would not permit it". Chandler adds that she "felt guilty all the rest of her life because when she was in Germany at the end of the war, she had been afraid to go with others to witness the atrocities of the [[Nazi concentration camp|Nazi extermination camps]]".<ref name="Chandler"/>{{rp|293–295}}

===Centennial celebration===
[[File:Ingrid Bergman X 2 (16692027717).jpg|thumb|left|upright|Cannes poster of Bergman (2015)]]

In 2015, to celebrate the Bergman centennial, exhibitions, film screenings, books, documentaries and seminars were presented by various institutions. The [[Museum of Modern Art]] (MOMA) held a screening of her films, chosen and introduced by her children.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman: A Centennial Celebration {{!}} MoMA |url=https://www.moma.org/calendar/film/1536 |access-date=21 October 2020 |website=The Museum of Modern Art}}</ref> AFI Silver Theatre and Cultural Center presented an extensive retrospective of her Hollywood and Italian films.<ref>{{Cite web |title=AFI Silver Theatre and Cultural Center |url=https://afisilver.afi.com/films/2015/p72/ingrid_bergman.aspx |access-date=21 October 2020 |website=afisilver.afi.com}}</ref> [[University of California]], Berkeley hosted a lecture, where journalist and film critic, Ulrika Knutson called Bergman "a pioneering feminist".<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ulrika Knutson on Ingrid Bergman |url=https://ppie100.org/event/ulrika-knutson-on-ingrid-bergman/ |access-date=21 October 2020 |website=Panama-Pacific International Exposition}}</ref> [[Toronto International Film Festival]] continued with ''Notorious: Celebrating the Ingrid Bergman Centenary'' which featured a series of her best-known films.<ref>{{Cite news |title=TIFF retrospective celebrates the natural, notorious Ingrid Bergman |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/arts/film/film-reviews/tiff-retrospective-celebrates-the-natural-notorious-ingrid-bergman/article26038737/ |access-date=21 October 2020}}</ref> ''Ingrid Bergman at BAM'' was screened at [[Brooklyn Academy of Music|Brooklyn Academy of Music's]] Rose Cinemas.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Gold |first=Daniel M. |date=9 September 2015 |title=BAM Presents a Survey of 14 Ingrid Bergman Films |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/13/movies/bam-presents-a-survey-of-14-ingrid-bergman-films.html |access-date=21 October 2020 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> BAMcinématek presented "Ingrid Bergman Tribute" on 12 September 2015, an event co-hosted by Isabella Rossellini and [[Jeremy Irons]], which featured a live reading by Rossellini and Irons taken from Bergman's personal letters.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman at BAM |url=http://www.bam.org/film/2015/ingrid-bergman?alttemplate=MobileProgram |access-date=21 October 2020 |website=BAM.org}}</ref> The Plaza Cinema & Media Arts Center in Patchogue, New York held a special screening of Bergman's films.<ref>{{Cite web |date=8 October 2015 |title=Ingrid Bergman film series comes to LI |url=https://www.newsday.com/entertainment/movies/ingrid-bergman-film-series-marks-her-centennial-1.10936916 |access-date=21 October 2020 |website=Newsday}}</ref> Screenings and tributes occurred in other cities; London, Paris, Madrid, Rome, Tokyo and Melbourne. The Bohuslän Museum in Uddevalla, north of Gothenburg opened an exhibition titled "Ingrid Bergman in Fjällbacka".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Walther |date=13 May 2015 |title=Ingrid Bergman in Fjällbacka, exhibition at Bohuslän Museum |url=https://www.swedentips.se/ingrid-bergman-in-fjallbacka-exhibition-bohuslan-museum/ |access-date=18 November 2020 |website=Swedentips.se}}</ref> A pictorial book titled ''Ingrid Bergman: A Life in Pictures'' was published by the Bergman estate.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Rossellini |first1=Isabella |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iKntrQEACAAJ |title=Ingrid Bergman: A Life in Pictures |last2=Schirmer |first2=Lothar |date=11 August 2015 |publisher=Chronicle Books |isbn=978-1-4521-4955-4}}</ref>

''[[Ingrid Bergman: In Her Own Words]]'', is a 2015 Swedish [[documentary film]], directed by [[Stig Björkman]], which was made to celebrate her centennial.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman: In Her Own Words |url=https://www.criterion.com/films/28910-ingrid-bergman-in-her-own-words |access-date=6 May 2018 |publisher=[[The Criterion Collection]]}}</ref> It was screened in the Cannes Classics section at the [[2015 Cannes Film Festival]],<ref name="Cannes">{{Cite web |title=It's poster time at the Festival de Cannes! |url=http://www.festival-cannes.fr/en/article/61281.html |access-date=23 May 2015 |website=Cannes}}</ref> where it received a special mention for [[L'Œil d'or]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=23 May 2015 |title=L'Œil d'or, premier prix du documentaire à Cannes, pour "Au-delà d'Allende, mon grand-père" |url=http://www.telerama.fr/festival-de-cannes/2015/l-oeil-d-or-premier-prix-du-documentaire-a-cannes-pour-au-dela-d-allende-mon-grand-pere,127041.php |website=[[Télérama]]}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=8 December 2021 |title=L'œil d'Or 2015 est attribué à Marcia Tambutti Allende |url=http://www.scam.fr/fr/ViewerArticle/tabid/363606/ArticleId/3485/Loeil-dOr-2015-est-attribue-a-Marcia-Tambutti-Allende.aspx |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150524151333/http://www.scam.fr/fr/ViewerArticle/tabid/363606/ArticleId/3485/Loeil-dOr-2015-est-attribue-a-Marcia-Tambutti-Allende.aspx |archive-date=24 May 2015 |access-date=14 October 2020 |website=La Scam}}</ref><ref>copied content from [[Ingrid Bergman: In Her Own Words]]; see that article for attribution and history</ref> A photograph of Bergman, by [[David Seymour (photographer)|David Seymour]] was featured as the main poster at Cannes.<ref name= Cannes/> The festival described Bergman as a "modern icon, an emancipated woman, an intrepid actress, and a figurehead for the new realism".<ref>{{Cite web |last=Pond |first=Steve |date=23 March 2015 |title=Cannes Film Festival Makes Ingrid Bergman Its Poster Girl for 2015 |url=https://www.thewrap.com/cannes-film-festival-makes-ingrid-bergman-its-poster-girl-for-2015/ |access-date=21 October 2020 |website=TheWrap}}</ref> [[New York Film Festival|The New York Film Festival]] and [[Tokyo International Film Festival|The Tokyo International Film Festival]] also presented the documentary.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman in Her Own Words {{!}} New York Film Festival |url=https://www.filmlinc.org/films/ingrid-bergman-in-her-own-words/ |access-date=21 October 2020 |website=Film at Lincoln Center}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=27th Tokyo International Film Festival｜Ingrid Bergman – In Her Own Words |url=http://2015.tiff-jp.net/en/lineup/works_sp.php?id=90 |access-date=21 October 2020 |website=2015.tiff-jp.net}}</ref>

At the 2015 [[Vancouver International Film Festival]], the film was chosen as "Most Popular International Documentary", based on audience balloting.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=Brooklyn Wins VIFF Rogers People's Choice Award |date=9 October 2015 |publisher=Jive Communications |url=http://www.wireservice.ca/index.php?module=News&func=display&sid=17311 |access-date=18 October 2015}}</ref><ref>copied from [[Ingrid Bergman: In Her Own Words]] see that article for attribution and history</ref> The film "loses no chance to illuminate the independence and courage she showed in her private life". Although the viewer may pronounce judgement on " Bergman's free-wheeling, non-conformist maternal lifestyle, there can be no doubt about her determination and professional commitment." Ending with her last screen appearance in ''Autumn Sonata'' in 1978, "Bjorkman leaves behind the image of a uniquely strong, independent woman whose relaxed modernity was way ahead of its time."<ref>{{Cite web |last=Young |first=Deborah |date=22 May 2015 |title='Ingrid Bergman In Her Own Words': Cannes Review |url=https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/review/ingrid-bergman-her-own-words-797614 |website=The Hollywood Reporter}}</ref>

To celebrate the same occasion, the [[U.S. Postal Service]] and [[Posten AB]] of Sweden, jointly issued commemorative stamps in Bergman's honor.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman honored with Forever stamp |url=https://about.usps.com/news/national-releases/2015/pr15_050.htm |access-date=24 June 2020 |website=about.usps.com}}</ref> The stamp art features a circa 1940 image of Bergman taken by [[László Willinger]], with a colorized still of Bergman from ''Casablanca'' as the selvage photograph.<ref>{{Cite press release |title=U.S. Postal Service and Sweden Post to Jointly Issue Ingrid Bergman Stamp |date=25 June 2015 |url=http://www.globenewswire.com/news-release/2015/06/25/747605/10139796/en/U-S-Postal-Service-and-Sweden-Post-to-Jointly-Issue-Ingrid-Bergman-Stamp.html |access-date=19 February 2021 |author=United States Postal Service |website=GlobeNewswire News Room}}</ref> Her daughter, Pia Lindstrom commented, "I think she would be very surprised that she is on a U.S. stamp and I know she would think it is great fun."<ref>{{Cite news |date=10 September 2015 |title=Postal Service celebrates Ingrid Bergman stamp |work=Reuters |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-bergman-stamp-idUSKCN0RA12C20150910 |access-date=19 February 2021}}</ref>

=== Biographical stage plays ===
Bergman was portrayed by her daughter, [[Isabella Rossellini]] in&nbsp;''My Dad is 100 years Old''&nbsp;(2005).<ref>{{Cite news |last=James |first=Caryn |date=8 May 2006 |title=Isabella Rossellini's Tribute to Her Father, Cinema's Great Neorealist Talking Belly (Published 2006) |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2006/05/08/movies/08ross.html |access-date=15 October 2020 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> In 2015,&nbsp;'''Notorious''<nowiki/>',&nbsp;a play based on Hitchcock's&nbsp;''Notorious''&nbsp;was staged at&nbsp;The Gothenburg Opera.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Notorious {{!}} The Göteborg Opera |url=https://en.opera.se/forestallningar/notorious-2015-2016/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.today/20181125180520/https://en.opera.se/forestallningar/notorious-2015-2016/ |archive-date=25 November 2018 |access-date=15 October 2020 |website=en.opera.se}}</ref> Bergman's Italian period has been dramatised on stage in the musical play which is titled,&nbsp;''Camera; The Musical About Ingrid Bergman''.&nbsp;It was written by Jan-Erik Sääf and Staffan Aspegren and performed in Stockholm, Sweden.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Stolt |first=Annette |title=BWW Review: Camera – The Ingrid Bergman Musical at Östgötateatern, Linköping |url=https://www.broadwayworld.com/sweden/article/BWW-Review-CAMERA-THE-INGRID-BERGMAN-MUSICAL-at-stgtateatern-Linkping-20180210 |access-date=15 October 2020 |website=Broadway World}}</ref>

=== In popular culture ===
{{Multiple image
| align =
| direction = vertical
| total_width = 180
| image1 = Humphrey Bogart Ingrid Bergman Casablanca Promo Still.jpg
| alt1 =
| caption1 = Bogart and Bergman in ''Casablanca'', an image that has been parodied.
| image2 = Red Rose 2 (Ingrid Bergman) (9670256475).jpg
| caption2 = Ingrid Bergman rose
}}

[[Woody Guthrie]] composed "Ingrid Bergman", a song about Bergman in 1950. The lyrics have been described as "erotic", and make reference to Bergman's relationship with [[Roberto Rossellini]], which began during work on the film ''Stromboli''. [[Billy Bragg]] and [[Wilco]] covered the song on their album ''[[Mermaid Avenue]]'' (1998).

Alfred Hitchcock based his film ''[[Rear Window]]'' (1954) (starring [[James Stewart]] as a ''Life'' wartime photographer) on Bergman and Capa's romance.<ref name="brenner_capa"/>

In 1984, a hybrid tea rose breed was named "Ingrid Bergman", in honor of the star.<ref>{{Cite web |title="Ingrid Bergman" Rose |url=https://www.helpmefind.com/gardening/l.php?l=2.3389 |access-date=7 October 2020 |website=helpmefind.com}}</ref>

Her portrayal of Ilsa Lund from ''Casablanca'' was parodied by [[Kate McKinnon]] in one episode of ''[[Saturday Night Live]]''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Casablanca's Hilarious Alternative Final Scene Featuring Saturday Night Live's Kate McKinnon: Pragmatism Carries the Day! {{!}} Open Culture |url=http://www.openculture.com/2015/12/casablancas-hilarious-alternative-final-scene.html |access-date=15 October 2020}}</ref> In the opening montage of the 72nd Academy Awards, [[Billy Crystal]], as Victor Laszlo, made a parody out of ''Casablanca's'' final scene.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ingrid Bergman |url=https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0000006/bio#trivia |access-date=15 October 2020 |website=IMDb}}</ref> In the '80s, Warner Bros made '''Carrotblanca''<nowiki/>' as a homage to Bogart and Bergman's character in ''Casablanca''. In ''When Harry Met Sally'' (1989), ''Casablanca'' is a recurring theme, with the lead characters arguing over the meaning of its ending throughout the film.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Garber |first=Megan |date=19 July 2019 |title=The Quiet Cruelty of 'When Harry Met Sally' |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2019/07/when-harry-met-sally-and-the-high-maintenance-woman/594382/ |access-date=19 October 2020 |website=The Atlantic}}</ref> Bogart and Bergman also appeared in Tesco's Clubcard advertisement (2019).<ref>{{Cite web |title=Tesco & Casablanca: Movie Clip Licensing For Tesco Ad I Born Licensing |url=https://bornlicensing.com/portfolio/tesco-and-casablanca |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028212237/https://bornlicensing.com/portfolio/tesco-and-casablanca |archive-date=28 October 2020 |access-date=25 October 2020 |website=Born Licensing}}</ref>

To help educate and inform about the importance of mask-wearing during the [[COVID-19 pandemic]], WarnerMedia, the Ad Council, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), released a video featuring Bogart and Bergman in a scene from ''Casablanca'' wearing masks.<ref>{{Cite web |date=11 February 2021 |title=Even Voldemort Masks Up in New Public Service Announcement |url=https://reason.com/2021/02/11/even-voldemort-masks-up-in-new-public-service-announcement/ |access-date=19 February 2021 |website=Reason.com}}</ref>

In one scene from ''Dead Men Don't Wear Plaid'' (1981)'','' with some creative editing, Steve Martin's character is having a conversation with Alicia Huberman from ''Notorious''. In one scene from the movie ''Lake House'' (2006), Sandra Bullock's character is seen to be watching the kiss scene from ''Notorious''.<ref>{{Cite web |date=12 February 2014 |title=Films in Films {{!}} The Lake House |url=http://www.filmsinfilms.com/the-lake-house/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190709061013/http://www.filmsinfilms.com/the-lake-house/ |url-status=usurped |archive-date=9 July 2019 |access-date=19 October 2020}}</ref> The kiss scene between Bergman and Spencer Tracy from ''Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde'' is featured in the ''Cinema Paradiso'' (1989) closing montage. Bergman's Sister Benedict is referenced in ''The Godfather'' (1972).<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Bells of St. Mary's Quotes |url=https://www.quotes.net/movies/the_bells_of_st._mary%27s_(1945)_144297 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=quotes.net}}</ref> There is one episode in the second season of ''[[The Days and Nights of Molly Dodd]]'', which is titled ''Here's a Little Known Ingrid Bergman Incident''.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Here's a Little Known Ingrid Bergman Incident (1988) |url=https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b7abf1d6e |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211021123030/https://www2.bfi.org.uk/films-tv-people/4ce2b7abf1d6e |archive-date=21 October 2021 |access-date=3 December 2020 |website=BFI}}</ref>

Bergman's Ilsa also inspired the character Ilsa Faust, played by Swedish actress [[Rebecca Ferguson]], in the [[Mission: Impossible (film series)|''Mission: Impossible'']] film series.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Evans |first=Nick |date=21 August 2018 |title=Mission: Impossible Fallout Has A Casablanca Connection |url=https://www.cinemablend.com/news/2456118/mission-impossible-fallout-has-a-casablanca-connection |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=Cinemablend}}</ref> Ferguson was told by costar Tom Cruise and director Christopher McQuarrie to review ''Notorious'' and other of Bergman's films as preparation for her role.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Ong |first=Sally |date=18 June 2015 |title='Mission Impossible 5' Trailer, Release Date & Cast: Rebecca Ferguson, New Leading Lady in 'Rogue Nation,' Talks About Film's Killer Stunts |url=http://www.christianitydaily.com/articles/4348/20150618/rebecca-ferguson-new-leading-lady-in-mission-impossible-rogue-nation-talks-about-films-killer-stunts.htm |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=Christianity Daily}}</ref>

[[File:Cary Grant & Ingrid Bergman Notorious.jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Cary Grant]] and Bergman in ''Notorious'' (1946)]]

In the movie ''[[La La Land]]'' (2016), the lead female character has a poster of Bergman on her bedroom wall. Near the end of the movie, another poster of Bergman can be seen by the side of a road.<ref>{{Cite web |date=24 February 2017 |title=Movie References: La La Land and Casablanca |url=https://www.rosecolouredraybans.com/single-post/2017/02/24/movie-references-la-la-land-casablanca |access-date=15 October 2020 |website=rosecolouredraybans}}</ref> One of the original soundtracks for the film is named 'Bogart and Bergman.'<ref>{{Cite web |last=Hurwitz |first=Justin |date=13 December 2016 |title=La La Land |url=https://moviemusicuk.us/2016/12/13/la-la-land-justin-hurwitz/ |access-date=19 October 2020 |website=Movie Music UK}}</ref>

Bergman's publicity photo from ''Notorious'' was used as the front cover of the book by Dan Callahan, ''The Camera Lies: Acting for Hitchcock'' (2020).<ref>{{Cite book |last=Callahan |first=Dan |url=https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-camera-lies-9780197515327?cc=us&lang=en& |title=The Camera Lies: Acting for Hitchcock |date=1 September 2020 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-751532-7 |publication-place=New York, NY}}</ref> Bergman's love affair with Robert Capa has been dramatised in a 2012 novel by Chris Greenhalgh, ''Seducing Ingrid Bergman''.<ref>{{Cite book |title=Seducing Ingrid Bergman  |isbn=978-1-250-03496-0 }}</ref> Bergman is also referenced in Donald Trump's 2004 book ''[[Trump: How to Get Rich|How to Get Rich]]'',<ref>{{Cite web |last=Crockett |first=Emily |date=12 October 2016 |title=Donald Trump's books reveal his obsession with women — and himself |url=https://www.vox.com/2016/7/7/12058676/donald-trump-books-women |access-date=11 January 2024 |website=vox.com}}</ref> and in ''[[Small Fry (book)|Small Fry]]'', a memoir by [[Lisa Brennan-Jobs]], the daughter of Steve Jobs.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Callahan |first=Maureen |date=11 January 2024 |title=Steve Jobs exposed as an abusive creep by his daughter |url=https://nypost.com/2018/09/06/steve-jobs-exposed-as-an-abusive-creep-by-his-daughter/ |access-date=3 December 2020 |website=New York Post}}</ref>

As part of its dedication to the female icons of Italian cinema, Bergman was immortalised in a mural on a public staircase off Via Fiamignano near Rome.<ref>{{Cite web |date=29 July 2015 |title=Ingrid Bergman honoured with Rome mural |url=https://www.wantedinrome.com/news/ingrid-bergman-honoured-with-rome-mural.html |access-date=15 October 2020 |website=Wanted in Rome}}</ref> A mural of her image from ''Casablanca'' was painted on the outdoor cinema wall in Fremont, Seattle.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Stock Photo – A mural of Ingrid Bergman from the film Casablanca at the outdoor cinema in Fremont, Seattle |url=https://www.alamy.com/stock-photo-a-mural-of-ingrid-bergman-from-the-film-casablanca-at-the-outdoor-86150763.html |access-date=15 October 2020 |website=Alamy}}</ref> The Dutch National Airline named one of their planes "Ingrid Bergman" in the 2010s.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Zhang |first=Benjamin |date=27 October 2014 |title=The Dutch National Airline Named Its Planes After These 10 Incredible Women |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/the-dutch-national-airline-named-its-planes-after-these-10-incredible-women-2014-10 |access-date=19 October 2020 |website=Business Insider}}</ref> There is a wax figure of her displayed at Madame Tussaud's, Hollywood, California.<ref>{{Cite web |title=A wax figure of actress Ingrid Bergman is displayed at Madame... |url=https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/wax-figure-of-actress-ingrid-bergman-is-displayed-at-madame-news-photo/461110223 |access-date=24 October 2020 |website=Getty Images|date=7 January 2014 }}</ref> In Fjällbacka, off the coast of Sweden, a square was named as Ingrid Bergman's Square to honor her memory.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Fjällbacka |url=https://www.vastsverige.com/en/tanum/produkter/fjallbacka/ |access-date=18 November 2020 |website=vastsverige.com}}</ref> A wooden mould of Bergman's feet is on display at Salvatore Ferragamo Museum in Florence, Italy.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ferragamo Museo Cinema |url=https://www.ferragamo.com/museo/en/usa/discover/cinema/ |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200301142212/https://www.ferragamo.com/museo/en/usa/discover/cinema/ |archive-date=1 March 2020 |access-date=6 November 2020 |website=ferragamo.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Salvatore Ferragamo opens the Equilibrium exhibition |url=https://www.globalblue.com/destinations/italy/salvatore-ferragamo-opens-the-equilibrium-exhibition/ |access-date=6 November 2020 |website=globalblue}}</ref>

==Filmography, theatre, television, radio, and audio==
{{Main|Ingrid Bergman performances}}

==Awards and nominations==
{{Main|List of awards and nominations received by Ingrid Bergman}}

Ingrid Bergman became the second actress to win three [[Academy Awards]] for acting: two for [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]], and one for [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]. She is tied for second place in Oscars won with [[Walter Brennan]] (all three for Best Supporting Actor), [[Jack Nicholson]] (two for Best Actor, and one for Best Supporting Actor), [[Meryl Streep]] (two for Best Actress, and one for Best Supporting Actress), [[Frances McDormand]] (all three for Best Actress), and [[Daniel Day-Lewis]] (all three for Best Actor). [[Katharine Hepburn]] holds the record, with four (all for Best Actress).

In 1960, Bergman became the second actress to complete the American [[Triple Crown of Acting]] status, after winning an Emmy Award.

=== Academy Awards ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
! Ref.
|-
|[[16th Academy Awards|1943]]
| rowspan="5" | [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| ''[[For Whom the Bell Tolls (film)|For Whom the Bell Tolls]]''
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 16th Academy Awards 1944 |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1944 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150715164124/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1944 |archive-date=15 July 2015 |access-date=19 April 2016 |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences}}</ref>
|-
|[[17th Academy Awards|1944]]
| ''[[Gaslight (1944 film)|Gaslight]]''
| {{won}}
| style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 17th Academy Awards 1945 |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1945 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141011042525/https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1945 |archive-date=11 October 2014 |access-date=19 April 2016 |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences}}</ref>
|-
| [[18th Academy Awards|1945]]
| ''[[The Bells of St. Mary's]]''
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 18th Academy Awards 1946 |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1946 |access-date=19 April 2016 |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences}}</ref>
|-
|[[21st Academy Awards|1948]]
| ''[[Joan of Arc (1948 film)|Joan of Arc]]''
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 21st Academy Awards 1949 |date=24 March 2015 |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1949 |access-date=19 April 2016 |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences}}</ref>
|-
| [[29th Academy Awards|1956]]
| ''[[Anastasia (1956 film)|Anastasia]]''
| {{won}}
| style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 29th Academy Awards 1957 |date=26 March 2015 |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1957 |access-date=19 April 2016 |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences}}</ref>
|-
| [[47th Academy Awards|1974]]
| [[Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress|Best Supporting Actress]]
| ''[[Murder on the Orient Express (1974 film)|Murder on the Orient Express]]''
| {{won}}
| style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 47th Academy Awards 1975 |date=6 October 2014 |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1975 |access-date=19 April 2016 |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences}}</ref>
|-
|[[51st Academy Awards|1978]]
| [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]]
| ''[[Autumn Sonata]]''
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=The 51st Academy Awards 1979 |date=5 October 2014 |url=https://www.oscars.org/oscars/ceremonies/1979 |access-date=19 April 2016 |publisher=Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== Primetime Emmy Awards ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
! Ref.
|-
| [[12th Primetime Emmy Awards|1960]]
| rowspan="3" | [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Miniseries or a Movie|Outstanding Actress in a Limited Series or TV Movie]]
|''[[The Turn of the Screw (Ford Startime)|The Turn of the Screw]]''
| {{won}}
| style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=12th Emmy Awards Nominees and Winners |url=http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1960 |access-date=20 April 2016 |publisher=Emmys}}</ref>
|-
| [[13th Primetime Emmy Awards|1961]]
| ''24 Hours in a Woman's Life''
| {{nom}}
| style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=13th Emmy Awards Nominees and Winners |url=http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1961 |access-date=20 April 2016 |publisher=Emmys}}</ref>
|-
|[[34th Primetime Emmy Awards|1982]]
| ''[[A Woman Called Golda]]''
| {{won}}
| style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=34th Emmy Awards Nominees and Winners |url=http://www.emmys.com/awards/nominees-winners/1982 |access-date=20 April 2016 |publisher=Emmys}}</ref>
|-
|}

=== Tony Awards ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year
! Category
! Nominated work
! Result
! Ref.
|-
| [[1st Tony Awards|1947]]
| [[Tony Award for Best Actress in a Play|Best Leading Actress in a Play]]
| ''[[Joan of Lorraine]]''
| {{won}}
| style="text-align:center" |<ref>{{Cite web |title=About Ingrid |url=http://www.ingridbergman.com/about/bio2.htm |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070811082912/http://www.ingridbergman.com/about/bio2.htm |archive-date=11 August 2007 |access-date=20 April 2016 |publisher=Ingrid Bergman.com}}</ref>
|-
|}

== See also ==
* [[List of actors with two or more Academy Awards in acting categories]]
* [[List of Academy Award records]] – first Nordic to win for acting, in ''[[Gaslight (1944 film)|Gaslight]]'' (1944)
* [[List of actors nominated for Academy Awards for non-English performances]] – nominated for [[Academy Award for Best Actress|Best Actress]], in ''[[Autumn Sonata]]'' (1978)
* [[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Limited or Anthology Series or Movie]]

== Notes ==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

=== Sources ===
* {{Cite book |last1=Bergman |first1=Ingrid |url=https://archive.org/details/ingridbergmanmys00berg |title=Ingrid Bergman: My Story |last2=Burgess |first2=Alan |publisher=Delacorte Press |year=1980 |isbn=0-440-03299-7 |location=New York |author-link2=Alan Burgess |url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite book |last=Chandler |url=https://archive.org/details/ingridingridberg00chan |title=Ingrid: Ingrid Bergman, A Personal Biography |publisher=Simon & Schuster |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-7432-9421-8 |location=New York |first=Charlotte |author-link=Charlotte Chandler}}
* {{Cite book |last=Leamer |url=https://archive.org/details/astimegoesbylif00leam |title=As Time Goes By: The Life of Ingrid Bergman |publisher=Harper & Row |year=1986 |isbn=0-06-015485-3 |location=New York |first=Laurence |author-link=Laurence Leamer}}
* {{Cite book |last=Dagrada |first=Elena |title=Le Varianti Trasparenti. I Film con Ingrid Bergman di Roberto Rossellini |publisher=LED Edizioni Universitarie |year=2008 |isbn=978-88-7916-410-8 |location=Milano}}
* {{Cite book |last=Ziolkowska-Boehm |title=Ingrid Bergman prywatnie |publisher=Proszynski |year=2013 |isbn=978-83-7839-518-8 |location=Warsaw |first=Aleksandra |author-link=Aleksandra Ziółkowska-Boehm}}
* {{Cite book |last=Ziolkowska-Boehm |title=Ingrid Bergman and her American Relatives |publisher=Hamilton Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-0-7618-6150-8 |location=Lanham, MD |first=Aleksandra |author-link=Aleksandra Ziółkowska-Boehm}}

==External links==
{{Commons}}
{{Wikiquote|Ingrid Bergman}}
* {{Official website|http://www.ingridbergman.com}}
* {{IMDb name}}
* {{TCMDb name}}
* {{IBDB name}}
* [https://www.cmgworldwide.com/ingrid-bergman/ Licensing agent for Ingrid Bergman] at CMG Worldwide

{{Navboxes
|title = [[List of awards and nominations received by Ingrid Bergman|Awards for Ingrid Bergman]]
|list =
{{AcademyAwardBestActress 1941-1960}}
{{AcademyAwardBestSupportingActress 1961-1980}}
{{BAFTA Award for Best Supporting Actress 1968-1984}}
{{David di Donatello for Best Foreign Actress}}
{{Distinguished Performance Award}}
{{EmmyAward MiniseriesLeadActress}}
{{GoldenGlobeBestActressMotionPictureDrama 1943-1960}}
{{GoldenGlobeBestActressTVMiniseriesFilm 1981-1999}}
{{Honorary César}}
{{DramaCriticsBestActress}}
{{Nastro d'Argento Best Actress}}
{{National Board of Review Award for Best Actress}}
{{National Society of Film Critics Award for Best Actress}}
{{New York Film Critics Circle Award for Best Actress}}
{{TonyAward PlayLeadActress 1947-1975}}
{{Volpi Cup for Best Actress}}
}}
{{Triple Crown of Acting winners}}
{{Cannes Film Festival jury presidents}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bergman, Ingrid}}
[[Category:Ingrid Bergman| ]]
[[Category:1915 births]]
[[Category:1982 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Lutherans]]
[[Category:20th-century Swedish women writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Swedish writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Swedish actresses]]
[[Category:Actresses from Stockholm]]
[[Category:Best Actress Academy Award winners]]
[[Category:Best Drama Actress Golden Globe (film) winners]]
[[Category:Best Miniseries or Television Movie Actress Golden Globe winners]]
[[Category:Best Supporting Actress Academy Award winners]]
[[Category:Best Supporting Actress BAFTA Award winners]]
[[Category:Burials at Norra begravningsplatsen]]
[[Category:César Honorary Award recipients]]
[[Category:David di Donatello winners]]
[[Category:Deaths from breast cancer in England]]
[[Category:Donaldson Award winners]]
[[Category:Nastro d'Argento winners]]
[[Category:Outstanding Performance by a Lead Actress in a Miniseries or Movie Primetime Emmy Award winners]]
[[Category:Naturalized citizens of the United States]]
[[Category:Swedish autobiographers]]
[[Category:Swedish emigrants to the United States]]
[[Category:Swedish expatriates in Italy]]
[[Category:Swedish film actresses]]
[[Category:Swedish Lutherans]]
[[Category:Swedish people of German descent]]
[[Category:Swedish stage actresses]]
[[Category:Swedish television actresses]]
[[Category:Tony Award winners]]
[[Category:Volpi Cup for Best Actress winners]]
[[Category:Women autobiographers]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Illis quorum]]
[[Category:Rossellini family]]