View source for Inkatha Freedom Party

{{short description|Right-wing political party in South Africa}}
{{Use South African English|date=May 2012}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2020}}
{{Infobox political party
| name             = Inkatha Freedom Party
| native_name      = IQembu leNkatha yeNkululeko
| abbreviation     = IFP
| logo             = Inkatha Freedom Party logo.svg
| logo_size        = 175
| colorcode        = {{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}
| president        = [[Velenkosini Hlabisa]]<ref name="top6">{{cite news |last1=Duma |first1=Nkosikhona |title=The IFP's new top six revealed |url=https://ewn.co.za/2019/08/25/full-list-of-the-new-ifp-leaders-serving-alongside-velenkosini-hlabisa |access-date=5 April 2020 |newspaper=EWN |date=25 August 2019 |archive-date=1 June 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200601193846/https://ewn.co.za/2019/08/25/full-list-of-the-new-ifp-leaders-serving-alongside-velenkosini-hlabisa |url-status=live }}</ref>
| chairperson      = MB Gwala<ref name="top6" />
| secretary_general = [[Siphosethu Ngcobo]]<ref name="top6" />
| spokesperson     = [[Mkhuleko Hlengwa]]<ref name="top6" />
| leader1_title    = Deputy President
| leader1_name     = Inkosi Buthelezi<ref name="top6" />
| leader2_title    = Deputy Secretary-General
| leader2_name     = [[Albert Mncwango]]<ref name="top6" />
| leader3_title    = Treasurer-General
| leader3_name     = [[Narend Singh]]<ref name="top6" />
| leader4_title    = Deputy Chairperson
| leader4_name     = Thembeni Madlopha-Mthethwa<ref name="top6" />
| leader5_title    = Parliamentary leader
| leader5_name     = Velenkosini Hlabisa
| founder          = [[Mangosuthu Buthelezi]]
| founded          = {{Start date and age|1975|3|21|df=y}}
| headquarters     = 2 Durban Club Place<br>[[Durban]]<br>[[KwaZulu-Natal]]
| student_wing     = South African Democratic Students Movement
| ideology         = {{ubl|class=nowrap|
 |[[Conservatism]]
 |[[Social conservatism]]<ref>{{Citation |last=Piombo |first=Jessica |title=The Inkatha Freedom Party: Turning away from Ethnic Power |date=2009 |url=https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230623828_8 |work=Institutions, Ethnicity, and Political Mobilization in South Africa |pages=143–162 |editor-last=Piombo |editor-first=Jessica |access-date=2023-06-16 |place=New York |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan US |language=en |doi=10.1057/9780230623828_8 |isbn=978-0-230-62382-8|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
 |[[Economic conservatism]]<ref>{{Citation |last=Piombo |first=Jessica |title=The Inkatha Freedom Party: Turning away from Ethnic Power |date=2009 |url=https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230623828_8 |work=Institutions, Ethnicity, and Political Mobilization in South Africa |pages=143–162 |editor-last=Piombo |editor-first=Jessica |access-date=2023-06-16 |place=New York |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan US |language=en |doi=10.1057/9780230623828_8 |isbn=978-0-230-62382-8|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
 |[[Anti-communism]]
 |[[Ubuntu philosophy|Ubuntu]]
 |[[Decentralization]]
 |[[Constitutional monarchism]]<ref>{{cite constitution |article=60 |clause= |section= |polity= Kwazulu-Natal |date=2015 |url=https://www.ifp.org.za/wp-content/uploads/2005/kzn_constitution.pdf}} (proposed)</ref>
 |'''Faction:'''
 |[[KwaZulu-Natal]] [[Regionalism (politics)|regionalism]]
}}
| position         = [[Centre-right]]
| continental      = [[Democrat Union of Africa]]
| national         = [[Multi-Party Charter]] (MPC)
| international    = [[International Democracy Union]]
| colours          = {{Color box|{{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}} [[Red]]
| seats1_title     = [[National Assembly (South Africa)|National Assembly]] seats
| seats1           = {{Composition bar|17|400|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| seats2_title     = [[NCOP]] seats
| seats2           = {{Composition bar|2|90|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| seats3_title     = [[Provincial legislature (South Africa)|Provincial Legislatures]]
| seats3           = {{Composition bar|16|487|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| flag             = [[File:Flag of the Inkatha Freedom Party.svg|200px]]
| website          = {{URL|www.ifp.org.za}}
| country          = South Africa
}}
The '''Inkatha Freedom Party''' ('''IFP'''; {{langx|zu|IQembu leNkatha yeNkululeko}}) is a conservative [[political party]] in [[South Africa]], which is a part of the current South African [[Third Cabinet of Cyril Ramaphosa|government of national unity]] led by the [[African National Congress]] (ANC). Although registered as a national party, it has had only minor electoral success outside its home province of [[KwaZulu-Natal]]. [[Mangosuthu Buthelezi]], who served as chief minister of [[KwaZulu]] during the [[Apartheid]] period, founded the party in 1975 and led it until 2019. He was succeeded as party president in [[2019 Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) National General Conference|2019]] by [[Velenkosini Hlabisa]].

During the first decade of the [[History of South Africa (1994–present)|post-Apartheid]] period, the IFP received over 90% of its support from ethnic [[Zulus]]. Since then, the party has worked to increase its national support by promoting [[Social conservatism|social]] and [[economic conservative]] policies.<ref>{{Citation |last=Piombo |first=Jessica |title=The Inkatha Freedom Party: Turning away from Ethnic Power |date=2009 |url=https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230623828_8 |work=Institutions, Ethnicity, and Political Mobilization in South Africa |pages=143–162 |editor-last=Piombo |editor-first=Jessica |access-date=2023-06-16 |place=New York |publisher=Palgrave Macmillan US |language=en |doi=10.1057/9780230623828_8 |isbn=978-0-230-62382-8|url-access=subscription }}</ref> In the [[2019 South African general election|2019 general election]], the IFP came in fourth place nationally, winning 3.38% of the vote and 14 seats in the [[National Assembly of South Africa|National Assembly]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-05-12 |title=South Africa's ANC wins vote, loses seats; 14 parties secure seats (Final results) |url=https://www.africanews.com/2019/05/12/live-south-africa-may-8-general-elections-web-coverage/ |access-date=2023-06-16 |website=Africanews |language=en}}</ref>

In the 2024 general [[2024 South African general election|election]], IFP won 17 seats with 3.85% of the vote.<ref>{{cite web |title=Election Results and Allocation of Seats in Parliament (National Assembly) and Provincial Legislatures: 2024 |url=https://pmg.org.za/blog/Election%20Results%20and%20Allocation%20of%20Seats%20in%20Parliament%20National%20Assembly%20and%20Provincial%20Legislatures%202024 |website=pmg.org.za |access-date=2 August 2024}}</ref> In June 2024, Inkatha Freedom Party agreed to join the ANC-led [[Government of National Unity (South Africa)|government of national unity]] (GNU).<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.anc1912.org.za/anc-welcomes-political-parties-to-the-government-of-national-unity/|title=ANC WELCOMES POLITICAL PARTIES TO THE GOVERNMENT OF NATIONAL UNITY – ANC}}</ref> Leader of the IFP, Velenkosini Hlabisa, became
[[Minister of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs|Minister of the Department of Cooperative Governance and Traditional Affairs]] (COGTA) in the coalition.<ref>{{cite web |title=MINISTER VELENKOSINI HLABISA |url=https://www.cogta.gov.za/index.php/minister-velenkosini-hlabisa/ |website=cogta.gov.za |access-date=2 August 2024}}</ref>

== Policies and ideology ==
Policy proposals of the IFP include:
* [[Devolution]] of power to provincial governments<ref name=const/>
* Making the head of state and head of government posts separate, with a ceremonial figurehead as head of state.<ref name=const>{{cite web |title=Constitutional Affairs Policy |url=http://www.ifp.org.za/our-policies/constitutional-affairs/ |website=Inkatha Freedom Party |access-date=28 February 2020 |archive-date=28 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228121342/http://www.ifp.org.za/our-policies/constitutional-affairs/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[Mixed-member proportional representation]] for the [[National Assembly of South Africa|National Assembly]].<ref name=const/>
* [[Economic liberalization|Liberalisation of trade]]
* Lower income taxes.<ref>{{cite web |title=Economy Policy |url=http://www.ifp.org.za/our-policies/economy/ |website=Inkatha Freedom Party |date=2 February 2007 |access-date=28 February 2020 |archive-date=28 February 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228121342/http://www.ifp.org.za/our-policies/economy/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
* Looser labour laws
* Autonomy for traditional African communities and their leaders
* Allowing traditional authorities to exercise local government functions
* Opposing the notion that [[tribalism]] is inherently regressive and antithetic to development and progress.
In 2018, the party issued an official statement, penned by MP, Narend Singh, stating that the time had come to discuss the possibility of reinstating the [[death penalty]] in South Africa.<ref>{{Cite web| url=https://www.thesouthafrican.com/should-sa-bring-back-the-death-penalty-ifp-believes-it-may-be-time/| title=Should SA bring back the death penalty? IFP believes it may be time| date=23 July 2018| access-date=24 July 2018| archive-date=8 May 2019| archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190508093553/https://www.thesouthafrican.com/should-sa-bring-back-the-death-penalty-ifp-believes-it-may-be-time/| url-status=live}}</ref>

Ideologically, the party has been positioned on the right-wing of the spectrum, although on its platform the IFP places itself in the political centre ground, stating it rejects "both centralised socialism, as well as harsh ''anything goes'' liberalism." The party states that it bases its values on ''Ubuntu/Botho'' tribal values and supports a pluralist, shared future for South Africa in which all groups have equal rights. The party supports strong law & order policies, in particular calling for harsher penalties for people who commit violence against women and children. The IFP supports the Zulu monarchy and investing more powers and recognition of the constitutional monarch of the [[KwaZulu-Natal]] region.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ifp.org.za/vision-and-values/ |title=Our Vision |access-date=2023-01-24}}</ref> In 2023, the party criticised the [[African National Congress]]' close relations to [[Hamas]] and [[Iran]] following the [[October 7 attacks]] and denounced antisemitism in South Africa.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.sajr.co.za/inkatha-freedom-party/ |title=Inkatha Freedom Party |access-date=2024-09-03}}</ref>

== History ==
[[File:Mangosuthu Buthelezi (1983).jpg|150px|thumb|[[Mangosuthu Buthelezi]], inaugural president and the party's long-time parliamentary leader]]

=== Apartheid era ===
[[Mangosuthu Buthelezi]], a former member of the [[ANC Youth League]], founded the '''Inkatha National Cultural Liberation Movement''' (INCLM) on 21 March 1975.<ref>{{cite web |title=Inkatha Freedom Party is formed |url=https://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/inkatha-freedom-party-formed |website=South African History Online |access-date=5 April 2020 |archive-date=4 March 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130304221338/http://www.sahistory.org.za/dated-event/inkatha-freedom-party-formed |url-status=live }}</ref> In 1994, the name was changed to Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP).<ref>{{cite news |last1=Lynd |first1=Hilary |title=Secret details of the land deal that brought the IFP into the 94 poll |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2019-08-07-secret-details-of-the-land-deal-that-brought-the-ifp-into-the-94-poll/ |access-date=5 April 2020 |newspaper=Mail & Guardian |date=7 August 2019 |archive-date=10 April 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200410225800/https://mg.co.za/article/2019-08-07-secret-details-of-the-land-deal-that-brought-the-ifp-into-the-94-poll/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Buthelezi used a structure rooted in ''[[iNkatha (Zulu artifact)|Inkatha]]'', meaning "crown" in Zulu, a 1920s cultural organisation for [[Zulus]] established by his uncle, Zulu king [[Solomon kaDinuzulu]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Myeni |first1=DN |title=The KwaZulu-government and Inkatha Freedom Party's record on civil liberties in South Africa |url=http://uzspace.unizulu.ac.za:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10530/1776/Dissertation%20presented%20in%20the%20fulfilment%20of%20the%20requirement%20for%20the%20degree%20of%20master%20of%20arts%20In%20the%20faculty%20of%20Arts%2C%20Department%20of%20History%20at%20the%20University%20of%20Zululand.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |website=uzspace.unizulu.ac.za/ |access-date=5 April 2020 |archive-date=13 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210713144123/http://uzspace.unizulu.ac.za:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10530/1776/Dissertation%20presented%20in%20the%20fulfilment%20of%20the%20requirement%20for%20the%20degree%20of%20master%20of%20arts%20In%20the%20faculty%20of%20Arts%2C%20Department%20of%20History%20at%20the%20University%20of%20Zululand.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |url-status=live }}</ref> The party was established in what is now [[KwaZulu-Natal]], after which branches of the party quickly sprang up in the [[Transvaal Province|Transvaal]], the [[Orange Free State Province|Orange Free State]] and the [[Western Cape]].

Because of Buthelezi's former position in the [[African National Congress]], the two organisations were initially very close and each supported the other in the anti-apartheid struggle. However, by the early 1980s the Inkatha had come to be regarded as a thorn in the side of the ANC, which wielded much more political force through the [[United Democratic Front (South Africa)|United Democratic Front (UDF)]], than Inkatha and the [[Pan Africanist Congress]].<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Adam |first1=Heribert |last2=Moodley |first2=Kogila |title=The Journal of Modern African Studies |journal=2 |year=1992 |volume=30 |issue=3 |pages=485–510 |jstor=161169 }}</ref> Although the Inkatha leadership initially favoured non-violence, there is clear evidence that during the time that negotiations were taking place in the early 1990s, Inkatha and ANC members were at war with each other, and ''Self-Protection Units (SPUs)'' and ''Self-Defence Units (SDUs)'' were formed, respectively, as their protection forces.<ref name="refworld">{{cite web |last1=Carver |first1=Richard |title=Kwazulu-Natal - Continued Violence and Displacement |url=https://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6a6bc4.html |publisher=refworld.org |access-date=5 April 2020 |archive-date=24 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171024185252/http://www.refworld.org/docid/3ae6a6bc4.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

As a Homeland leader, the power of Buthelezi depended on the South African state and economy. With anti-apartheid leaders inside South Africa and abroad demanding sanctions, Buthelezi came to be regarded more and more as a government puppet, along with other Bantustan leaders. His tribal loyalties and focus on ethnic interests over national unity were also criticised as contributing to the divisive programme of Inkatha. This led to a virtual civil war between Zulu loyalist supporters and ANC members in KwaZulu-Natal.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Southall |first1=Roger |title=African Affairs |journal=321 |date=Oct 1981 |volume=80 |issue=321 |pages=453–481 |jstor=721987 }}</ref> Although Inkatha was allied with the [[African National Congress]] in the struggle against apartheid, they took opposing views on sanctions placed by the international community on South Africa. In 1984, Buthelezi travelled to the USA and met personally with President [[Ronald Reagan]] and argued divestment was economically harming black South African workers.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.ifp.org.za/our-history/ |title=Our History |access-date=2023-01-24}}</ref>

Fearing erosion of his power, Buthelezi collaborated with the [[South African Defence Force]], and received military training for Zulu militia from SADF special forces starting in the 1980s as part of [[Operation Marion]]. Inkatha members were involved in several massacres in the run-up to South Africa's first democratic elections, including the [[Trust Feed massacre]] on 3 December 1988, and the [[Boipatong massacre]] on 17 June 1992.<ref>[http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/features/85967 "Zuma and Zulu nationalism: A response to Gumede"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130121140212/http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/features/85967 |date=21 January 2013 }}. pambazuka.org</ref> In November 1993, the IFP signed a solidarity pact with the [[Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging]], with the AWB providing the IFP with military training and agreeing that "Boer and Zulu would fight together for freedom and land should they be confronted by a common enemy".<ref>{{cite book |title=SPIN |date=September 1994 |pages=92, 96 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8X17JjiXfYYC&pg=PA92 |access-date=15 November 2021 |archive-date=15 November 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211115061126/https://books.google.com/books?id=8X17JjiXfYYC&pg=PA92 |url-status=live }}</ref>

During the phase of establishing a constitution for South Africa and prior to the first free elections in South African history, bloodshed frequently occurred between Inkatha and the ANC. Both Inkatha and the ANC attempted to campaign in each other's KwaZulu-Natal strongholds, and were met with resistance, sometimes violent, by members of the opposing party. Inkatha was also initially opposed to parts of the proposed South African constitution regarding the internal politics of KwaZulu, and, in particular, they campaigned for an autonomous and sovereign Zulu king (King [[Goodwill Zwelethini kaBhekuzulu]]), as head of state.<ref name="auto">{{cite news |last=Beresford |first=David |date=27 April 1994 |title=The day apartheid died: Bombs and chaos no bar to voters |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/1994/apr/27/southafrica.davidberesford |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190423092128/https://www.theguardian.com/world/1994/apr/27/southafrica.davidberesford |archive-date=23 April 2019 |access-date=5 April 2020 |newspaper=The Guardian}}</ref>

As a result, Inkatha initially refused to register its intention to participate in the 1994 election, a necessity in order to receive votes. However, once it became obvious that its efforts were not going to stop the election, the party was registered as the Inkatha Freedom Party at the eleventh hour. However, due to their opposition to the constitution, concessions were made. KwaZulu-Natal, and thus all the other provinces, were granted double ballots for provincial and national legislatures, greater provincial powers, the inclusion of '[[KwaZulu]]' in the official name of the province (formerly '[[Natal Province|Natal]]') and recognition of specific ethnic and tribal groups within the province.<ref name="auto"/>

On election day, the IFP displayed its political strength by taking the majority of the votes for [[KwaZulu-Natal]].<ref name="refworld" />

=== Post-apartheid politics ===
After the dismantling of apartheid system in 1994, the IFP formed an uneasy coalition in the national government with their traditional political rival, the ANC. Despite these challenges, the coalition was to last until 2004, when the IFP joined the opposition benches.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Khan |first1=Farook |title=Indian voters helped ANC win KZN |url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/indian-voters-helped-anc-win-kzn-210910 |access-date=5 April 2020 |newspaper=IOL |date=19 April 2004 |archive-date=4 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204170357/https://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/indian-voters-helped-anc-win-kzn-210910 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The ANC/IFP rivalry, characterised by sporadic acts of [[political violence]], has been firm since 1993. In 2004, while campaigning in Vulindlela, an IFP bastion in the [[Pietermaritzburg]] [[KwaZulu-Natal Midlands|Midlands]] region, [[Thabo Mbeki]] was reportedly debarred by an IFP-affiliated traditional leader in Mafunze. Previously the stronghold of [[Moses Mabhida]], this area has long been the site of heated clashes between the parties.<ref>Olifant and Khumalo 2009.</ref>{{Full citation needed|date=November 2021}}

The IFP's manifesto seeks the resolution to a number of South African issues, especially the [[HIV/AIDS in South Africa|AIDS]] crisis, in addition to addressing "unemployment, crime, poverty and corruption and prevent the consolidation of a one-party state;"<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ifp.org.za/ |title=IFP official website |access-date=18 April 2004 |archive-date=10 November 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181110213155/http://www.ifp.org.za/ |url-status=live }}</ref> said "party" is implied to be the ANC.

=== Gavin Woods report===
[[Gavin Woods (politician)|Gavin Woods]], one of the party's most respected MPs, drew up a highly critical 11-page internal discussion document<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.news24.com/News24/South_Africa/Politics/0,,2-7-12_1750778,00.html |title=IFP has 'no mission, no vision' |access-date=18 December 2008 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221112350/http://www.news24.com/News24/South_Africa/Politics/0,,2-7-12_1750778,00.html |archive-date=21 February 2009}}</ref> at the request of the parliamentary caucus after a discussion in October 2004. In it, he said that the IFP "has no discernible vision, mission or philosophical base, no clear national ambitions or direction, no articulated ideological basis and offers little in the way of current, vibrant original and relevant policies". Woods also warned the party that "it must treat Buthelezi as the leader of a political party and not the political party itself". Woods pinpointed 1987 as the year when the IFP started losing ground as a political force. Before 1987, Woods contends, the party had a strong, unambiguous national identity. He further criticised the IFP's inability to end the ANC's campaign of violence against it, and an "impotent" attitude towards the attacks conducted against it by the ANC.

At the first caucus discussion, Woods read out the 11-page paper in full and caucus members were generally positive about its frank nature. IFP president Mangosuthu Buthelezi was absent from that meeting but raised it at a meeting of the party's national council, which Woods did not attend. At a subsequent caucus meeting where both were present, [[Buthelezi]] read from a prepared statement attacking Woods. All the numbered copies were ordered to be "shredded" but some survived.<ref>{{cite news |title=Buthelezi makes blood boil |url=https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Politics/Buthelezi-makes-blood-boil-20050815 |access-date=5 April 2020 |newspaper=News24 Archives |date=15 August 2005 |location=Johannesburg |archive-date=4 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204170502/https://www.news24.com/News24/Buthelezi-makes-blood-boil-20050815 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Electoral decline===
[[File:RSA 1994 IFP.png|thumb|In 1994, the IFP won substantially in [[KwaZulu Natal]]]]

After the 1994 elections, the IFP suffered a gradual decline in support. The party ceded control of the [[KwaZulu-Natal|KwaZulu-Natal province]] to the ANC following the [[2004 South African general election|2004 general election]] and its presence in Northern KwaZulu-Natal, its stronghold, started to become diminished.<ref>{{cite news |title=The IFP is on the verge of being extinct |url=https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/news/2009-05-19-the-ifp-is-on-the-verge-of-being-extinct/ |access-date=5 April 2020 |newspaper=SowetanLIVE |date=19 May 2009 |archive-date=4 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204170428/https://www.sowetanlive.co.za/news/2009-05-19-the-ifp-is-on-the-verge-of-being-extinct/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Party member Ziba Jiyane left the IFP to form the [[National Democratic Convention (South Africa)|National Democratic Convention]] (Nadeco). Prominent IFP MP Gavin Woods and IFP ward councillors in KwaZulu-Natal joined his new party.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Quintal |first1=Angela |title=Gavin Woods leaves IFP for new party |url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/gavin-woods-leaves-ifp-for-new-party-252800 |access-date=4 April 2020 |newspaper=IOL |date=7 September 2005 |archive-date=11 November 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161111000553/http://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/gavin-woods-leaves-ifp-for-new-party-252800 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Madlala |first1=Bheko |title=Jiyane bounces back |url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/jiyane-bounces-back-253914 |access-date=4 April 2020 |newspaper=IOL |date=20 September 2005 |archive-date=24 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124132146/https://www.iol.co.za/news/politics/jiyane-bounces-back-253914 |url-status=live }}</ref>

After the party's results in the [[2009 South African general election|2009 general elections]], party members began debating a change in leadership for the 2011 local government elections. Buthelezi had previously announced his retirement but rescinded it. Senior IFP politician [[Zanele kaMagwaza-Msibi]] wanted Buthelezi to step down and had supporters advocating for her to take over the party's leadership.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mgaga |first1=Thando |title=Chairwoman for president, says IFP youth |url=https://www.news24.com/Archives/Witness/Chairwoman-for-president-says-IFP-youth-20150430 |access-date=4 April 2020 |newspaper=The Witness |date=11 November 2009 |archive-date=4 December 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211204170424/https://www.news24.com/witness/archive/Chairwoman-for-president-says-IFP-youth-20150430 |url-status=live }}</ref> She later resigned from the party and formed a breakaway party, the [[National Freedom Party]] (NFP).<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mthembu |first1=Bongani |title=IFP breakaway party launched |url=https://www.news24.com/southafrica/politics/ifp-breakaway-party-launched-20110125 |access-date=4 April 2020 |newspaper=News24 Archives |date=25 January 2011 |archive-date=4 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140504112757/http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Politics/IFP-breakaway-party-launched-20110125 |url-status=live }}</ref> The NFP obtained 2.4% of the national vote and 10.4% in KwaZulu-Natal in the 2011 municipal elections, mainly at the expense of the IFP.<ref>{{cite news |title=ANC, NFP team up in KwaZulu-Natal |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2011-05-30-anc-nfp-team-up-in-kwazulunatal/ |access-date=4 April 2020 |newspaper=Mail & Guardian |date=30 May 2011 |archive-date=26 January 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210126055738/https://mg.co.za/article/2011-05-30-anc-nfp-team-up-in-kwazulunatal/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=NFP wants to govern KZN |url=https://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Politics/NFP-wants-to-govern-KZN-20120130 |access-date=4 April 2020 |newspaper=News24 Archives |date=30 January 2011 |archive-date=17 August 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140817185123/http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/Politics/NFP-wants-to-govern-KZN-20120130 |url-status=live }}</ref>

In the 2014 general elections, the party achieved its lowest support levels since 1994. The party lost its status as the official opposition in the [[KwaZulu-Natal Legislature]] to the [[Democratic Alliance (South Africa)|Democratic Alliance]]. Nationally, the party lost eight seats in the National Assembly. The NFP factor also contributed to the IFP's decline on the national and provincial level.<ref>{{cite news |title=KZN: IFP loses position as official opposition |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2014-05-09-kzn-ifp-loses-its-position-as-official-opposition/ |access-date=4 April 2020 |newspaper=Mail & Guardian |date=9 May 2014 |archive-date=12 May 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140512063125/http://mg.co.za/article/2014-05-09-kzn-ifp-loses-its-position-as-official-opposition |url-status=live }}</ref>

Buthelezi later said in 2019 that the reason the party had lost support, was because of ANC president [[Jacob Zuma]] being from the [[Zulu people|Zulu tribe]]. He insisted that the exodus voters leaving the IFP occurred on ethnic grounds.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Modjadji |first1=Ngwako |title=Buthelezi: IFP lost support because of Zuma |url=https://city-press.news24.com/News/buthelezi-ifp-lost-support-because-of-zuma-20190326 |access-date=5 April 2020 |newspaper=CityPress - News24 |archive-date=26 March 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200326154236/https://city-press.news24.com/News/buthelezi-ifp-lost-support-because-of-zuma-20190326 |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Resurgence and succession===
In the 2016 municipal elections, the party's support grew for the first time since 1994. The party had reclaimed support in Northern KwaZulu-Natal. The ANC and DA both suggested that the NFP not being able to participate in the election, contributed to the party's surge in support.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Waterworth |first1=Tanya |title=NFP's absence helped IFP grow support: ANC |url=https://www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/kwazulu-natal/nfps-absence-helped-ifp-grow-support-anc-2054005 |access-date=5 April 2020 |newspaper=IOL |date=5 August 2016 |archive-date=6 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806162757/http://www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/kwazulu-natal/nfps-absence-helped-ifp-grow-support-anc-2054005 |url-status=live }}</ref> The party managed to retain control of the [[Nkandla Local Municipality]], the residence of former ANC president [[Jacob Zuma]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Nkandla is ours: IFP |url=https://www.enca.com/south-africa/ifp-nkandla-is-ours |access-date=5 April 2020 |newspaper=eNCA |date=4 August 2016 |location=Pretoria |archive-date=29 January 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200129171225/https://www.enca.com/south-africa/ifp-nkandla-is-ours |url-status=live }}</ref>

In October 2017, Buthelezi announced that he would step down as leader of the IFP at the party's National General Conference in 2019. The party's Extended National Council pledged its support to [[Velenkosini Hlabisa]], mayor of the [[Big Five Hlabisa Local Municipality]], to succeed Buthelezi as party leader.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mthethwa |first1=Bongani |title=IFP leader Buthelezi calls it quits |url=https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2017-10-29-buthelezi-calls-it-quits/ |access-date=5 April 2020 |newspaper=TimesLIVE |date=29 October 2017 |archive-date=19 July 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190719201601/https://www.timeslive.co.za/politics/2017-10-29-buthelezi-calls-it-quits/ |url-status=live }}</ref> The party grew its support in the May 2019 general elections and won back the title of official opposition in KwaZulu-Natal.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Saba |first1=Athandiwe |title=Inkatha Freedom Party arrests the decline |url=https://mg.co.za/article/2019-05-10-inkatha-freedom-party-arrests-the-decline/ |access-date=5 April 2020 |newspaper=Mail & Guardian |date=10 May 2019 |archive-date=14 August 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200814084421/https://mg.co.za/article/2019-05-10-inkatha-freedom-party-arrests-the-decline/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Hlabisa became the leader of the opposition in the legislature, as he was the party's premier candidate. Buthelezi confirmed his intention to stand down as leader.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Zulu |first1=Makhosandile |title=Buthelezi will not stand for re-election as IFP leader |url=https://citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/politics/2130101/buthelezi-will-not-stand-for-re-election-as-ifp-leader/ |access-date=13 May 2019 |newspaper=The Citizen |date=5 April 2020 |archive-date=13 May 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190513135925/https://citizen.co.za/news/south-africa/politics/2130101/buthelezi-will-not-stand-for-re-election-as-ifp-leader/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Hlabisa was elected president of the IFP at the party's [[35th Inkatha Freedom Party National General Conference|35th National General Conference]] in August 2019.<ref>{{cite news |title=Velenkosini Hlabisa elected IFP's new president |url=https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/velenkosini-hlabisa-elected-ifps-new-president/ |access-date=5 April 2020 |newspaper=SABC News |date=25 August 2019 |archive-date=22 December 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191222093650/http://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/velenkosini-hlabisa-elected-ifps-new-president/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

===Return to power in KwaZulu-Natal Province===
In 2024, the IFP, which was by now in a coalition agreement with the [[ANC]], as well as the [[Democratic Alliance (South Africa)|Democratic Alliance]] (DA) and National Freedom Party (NFP) parties would regain the position of [[Premier of KwaZulu-Natal]] for the first time since 2004 after its candidate [[Thami Ntuli]] was elected by the province's legislature.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/kzn-premier/|title=IFP’s Thami Ntuli elected as new KZN Premier|first=Minoahni|last=Pilay|publisher=SABC|date=14 June 2024|accessdate=14 June 2024}}</ref><ref name=coalitionelection /> Ntuli's election as premier was seen as a setback for the influence of Jacob Zuma, who by now had defected from the ANC to lead the KwaZulu-Natal based [[uMkhonto weSizwe (political party)|uMkhonto weSizwe]] (MK) party.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/world/africa/south-africas-kzn-province-elects-ifp-member-premier-setback-zuma-2024-06-14/|title=South Africa's KZN province elects IFP member as premier in setback for Zuma|first=Nqobile|last=Dludia|publisher=Reuters|date=14 June 2024|accessdate=14 June 2024}}</ref><ref name=coalitionelection /> Ntuli defeated Zulu Nation deputy prime minister and MK party candidate [[Phathisizwe Chiliza]] with 41 votes to 39.<ref name=coalitionelection>{{cite news|url=https://www.news24.com/news24/politics/coalition-nation-ifps-ntuli-elected-as-kzn-premier-20240614 |title=COALITION NATION: New KZN premier Ntuli to appoint cabinet in four days, promises to fight poverty |publisher=News24 |date=14 June 2024 |accessdate=14 June 2024}}</ref> He  then took office and appointed his cabinet on 18 June 2024.<ref name=takesoffice>{{cite news|url=https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2024-06-18-new-kzn-premier-thami-ntuli-announces-cabinet-during-inauguration-address/|title=New KZN Premier Thami Ntuli announces coalition cabinet during inauguration address|first=Velani|last=Ludidi|publisher=Daily Maverick|date=18 June 2024|accessdate=21 June 2024}}</ref>

==Election results==
===National Assembly elections===
{{election table}}
|-
! Election
! Total votes
! Share of vote
! Seats 
! +/–
! Government
|-
! [[South African general election, 1994|1994]]
| 2,058,294
| 10.54%
| {{Composition bar|43|400|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| –
| {{yes2|[[Cabinet of Nelson Mandela|Government of National Unity]]}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 1999|1999]]
| 1,371,477
| 8.58%
| {{Composition bar|34|400|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{decrease}} 9
| {{yes2|[[First Cabinet of Thabo Mbeki]]}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 2004|2004]]
| 1,088,664
| 6.97%
| {{Composition bar|28|400|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{decrease}} 6
| {{no2|in opposition}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 2009|2009]] 
| 804,260
| 4.55%
| {{Composition bar|18|400|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{decrease}} 10
| {{no2|in opposition}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 2014|2014]]<ref name="IEC 2014 election results">{{Cite web | title = 2014 National and Provincial Elections Results - 2014 National and Provincial Election Results | url = http://www.elections.org.za/resultsNPE2014/ | publisher = IEC | access-date = 11 May 2014 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20140510231542/http://www.elections.org.za/resultsNPE2014/ | archive-date = 10 May 2014 | url-status = dead }}</ref> 
| 441,854
| 2.40%
| {{Composition bar|10|400|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{decrease}} 8
| {{no2|in opposition}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 2019|2019]] 
| 588,839
| 3.38%
| {{Composition bar|14|400|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{increase}} 4
| {{no2|in opposition}}
|-
![[2024 South African general election|2024]]
| 618,207
| 3.85%{{efn|From 2024, seats in the National Assembly are determined by a combination of the national ballot, and the nine regional ballots. Only the national ballot figures are shown here.}}
|{{Composition bar|17|400|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
|{{increase}} 3
|{{yes2|[[Third Cabinet of Cyril Ramaphosa]]}}
|}
{{Notelist}}

=== National Council of Provinces elections===
{{election table}}
|-
! Election
! Total # of<br />seats won
! +/–
! Government
|-
! [[South African general election, 1994|1994]]
| {{Composition bar|5|90|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| –
| {{yes2|[[Cabinet of Nelson Mandela|Government of National Unity]]}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 1999|1999]]
| {{Composition bar|4|90|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{decrease}} 1
| {{yes2|[[First Cabinet of Thabo Mbeki]]}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 2004|2004]]
| {{Composition bar|5|90|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{increase}} 1
| {{no2|in opposition}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 2009|2009]]
| {{Composition bar|2|90|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{decrease}} 3
| {{no2|in opposition}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 2014|2014]]
| {{Composition bar|1|90|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{decrease}} 1
| {{no2|in opposition}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 2019|2019]]
| {{Composition bar|2|90|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{increase}} 1
| {{no2|in opposition}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 2024|2024]]
| {{Composition bar|2|90|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{nochange}} 0
| {{yes2|[[Third Cabinet of Cyril Ramaphosa]]}}
|}

===Provincial elections===
{{election table}}
! rowspan=2 | Election<ref name="IEC 2014 election results" /><ref name="dash">{{Cite web|url=https://www.elections.org.za/NPEDashboard/app/dashboard.html|title=Results Dashboard|website=www.elections.org.za|access-date=2019-05-11|archive-date=11 May 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190511040502/https://www.elections.org.za/NPEDashboard/app/dashboard.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
! colspan=2 | [[Eastern Cape]]
! colspan=2 | [[Free State (South African province)|Free State]]
! colspan=2 | [[Gauteng]]
! colspan=2 | [[KwaZulu-Natal]]
! colspan=2 | [[Limpopo]]
! colspan=2 | [[Mpumalanga]]
! colspan=2 | [[North West (South African province)|North-West]]
! colspan=2 | [[Northern Cape]]
! colspan=2 | [[Western Cape]]
|-
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
! % !! Seats
|-
! [[South African general election, 1994|1994]]
| 0.17% || 0/56
| 0.51% || 0/30
| 3.66% || 3/86
| 50.32% || 41/81
| 0.12% || 0/40
| 1.52% || 0/30
| 0.38% || 0/30
| 0.42% || 0/30
| 0.35% || 0/42
|-
! [[South African general election, 1999|1999]]
| 0.33% || 0/63
| 0.47% || 0/30
| 3.51% || 3/73
| 41.90% || 34/80
| 0.34% || 0/49
| 1.41% || 0/30
| 0.52% || 0/33
| 0.53% || 0/30
| 0.18% || 0/42
|-
! [[South African general election, 2004|2004]]
| 0.20% || 0/63
| 0.35% || 0/30
| 2.51% || 2/73
| 36.82% || 30/80
| {{n/a}} || {{n/a}}
| 0.96% || 0/30
| 0.25% || 0/33
| 0.24% || 0/30
| 0.14% || 0/42
|-
! [[South African general election, 2009|2009]]
| 0.10% || 0/63
| 0.22% || 0/30
| 1.49% || 1/73
| 22.40% || 18/80
| 0.06% || 0/49
| 0.50% || 0/30
| 0.15% || 0/33
| 0.19% || 0/30
| 0.06% || 0/42
|-
! [[South African general election, 2014|2014]]
| 0.06% || 0/63
| 0.11% || 0/30
| 0.78% || 1/73
| 10.86% || 9/80
| 0.08% || 0/49
| 0.26% || 0/30
| 0.14% || 0/33
| 0.06% || 0/30
| 0.05% || 0/42
|-
! [[South African general election, 2019|2019]]
| 0.05% || 0/63
| 0.08% || 0/30
| 0.89% || 1/73
| 16.34% || 13/80
| 0.05% || 0/49
| 0.31% || 0/30
| 0.08% || 0/33
|  || 
| 0.03% || 0/42
|-
! [[South African general election, 2024|2024]]<ref>{{Cite web |title=NPE Results Dashboard 2024 |url=https://results.elections.org.za/dashboards/npe/ |access-date=2024-06-11 |website=results.elections.org.za}}</ref>
| 0.07% || 0/73
| 0.19% || 0/30
| 0.87% || 1/80
| 18.07% || 15/80
| 0.06% || 0/64
| 0.47% || 0/51
| 0.15% || 0/38
| 0.08% || 0/30
| 0.04% || 0/42
|}

====KwaZulu-Natal provincial elections====
{{election table}}
|-
! Election
! Total Votes
! Share of vote
! Seats
! +/–
! Provincial Government
|-
! [[South African general election, 1994#KwaZulu/Natal|1994]]
| 1,844,070
| 50.32
| {{Composition bar|41|81|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| –
| {{yes2|Majority government}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 1999#KwaZulu-Natal|1999]]
| 1,241,522
| 41.90
| {{Composition bar|34|80|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{decrease}} 7
| {{yes2|IFP minority government}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 2004#KwaZulu-Natal|2004]]
| 1,009,267
| 36.82
| {{Composition bar|30|80|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{decrease}} 4
| {{yes2|[[ANC]]–IFP coalition government}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 2009#KwaZulu-Natal|2009]]
| 780,027
| 22.40
| {{Composition bar|18|80|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{decrease}} 12
| {{no2|official opposition}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 2014#KwaZulu-Natal|2014]]<ref name="IEC 2014 election results" />
| 416,496
| 10.86
| {{Composition bar|9|80|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{decrease}} 9
| {{no2|in opposition}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 2019#KwaZulu-Natal|2019]]
| 588,046
| 16.34
| {{Composition bar|13|80|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{increase}} 4
| {{no2|official opposition}}
|-
! [[South African general election, 2024#KwaZulu-Natal|2024]]
| 633,771
| 18.07
| {{Composition bar|15|80|hex={{party color|Inkatha Freedom Party}}}}
| {{increase}} 2
| {{yes2|IFP–[[ANC]]–[[Democratic Alliance (South Africa)|DA]]–[[National Freedom Party|NFP]] coalition government}}
|}

===Municipal elections===
{{election table}}
|-
! Election
! Votes
! %
|-
! [[South African municipal election, 1995–1996|1995–96]]
| align="right" | 757,704
| align="right" | 8.7%
|-
! [[South African municipal election, 2000|2000]]
| align="right" | 
| align="right" | 9.1%
|-
! [[South African municipal election, 2006|2006]]
| align="right" | 2,120,142
| align="right" | 8.1%
|-
! [[South African municipal election, 2011|2011]]
| align="right" | 954,021
| align="right" | 3.6%
|-
! [[South African municipal election, 2016|2016]]<ref name="iec_summary">{{cite web | url=http://www.elections.org.za/content/LGEPublicReports/402/Detailed%20Results/National.pdf | title=Results Summary - All Ballots | publisher=elections.org.za | access-date=11 August 2016 | archive-date=8 August 2016 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160808191111/http://www.elections.org.za/content/LGEPublicReports/402/Detailed%20Results/National.pdf | url-status=live }}</ref>
| 1,823,382
| 4.7%
|-
! [[2021 South African municipal elections|2021]]<ref name="iec_summary_2021">{{cite web | url=https://results.elections.org.za/home/LGEPublicReports/1091/Detailed%20Results/National.pdf | title=Results Summary - All Ballots | publisher=elections.org.za | access-date=28 November 2021 | archive-date=18 November 2021 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211118144306/https://results.elections.org.za/home/LGEPublicReports/1091/Detailed%20Results/National.pdf | url-status=live }}</ref>
| align="right" | 1,916,170
| align="right" | 6.3%
|}

==See also==
{{Portal|South Africa|Politics}}
*[[Shell House massacre]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
* [[Google]]. "[http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&q=kaMagwaza-Msibi+Gamalakhe&btnG=Search kaMagwaza-Msibi Gamalakhe]". [[Google Search]]. 3 May 2009. (Accessed 3 May 2009.)
* Inkatha Freedom Party. "[[ANC]] Members Attack IFP Premier Candidate in [[Port Shepstone]]". [[Durban]]: IFP Press Statement, 8 April 2009.
* IFP. "[http://www.ifp.org.za/Releases/080409dpr.htm ANC Members Attack IFP Premier Candidate in Port Shepstone]".{{dead link|date=November 2017 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} Inkatha Freedom Party. 8 April 2009. (Accessed 3 May 2009.)
* IFP. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20101204115805/http://www.media.co.za/a.php?a=579%2FANC-MEMBERS-ATTACK-IFP-PREMIER-CANDIDATE-IN-PORT-SHEPSTONE ANC Members Attack IFP Premier Candidate in Port Shepstone]" media.co.za. 9 April 2009. (Accessed 3 May 2009.)
* IFP. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20090413192413/http://www.polity.org.za/article/ifp-statement-by-the-inkatha-freedom-party-on-the-attack-of-its-premier-candidate-in-port-shepstone-08042009-2009-04-08 IFP: Statement by the Inkatha Freedom Party on the attack of its Premier candidate in Port Shepstone (08/04/2009)]" ''Polity''. 8 April 2009. (Accessed 3 May 2009.)
* IFP. "[http://www.politicsweb.co.za/politicsweb/view/politicsweb/en/page71619?oid=118877&sn=Marketingweb+detail IEC must reconsider ANC's eligibility for 2009 elections – IFP]". ''Politicsweb''. 24 February 2009. (Accessed 3 May 2009.)
* IFP. "IFP Calls for [[Forensic Accounting|Forensic Audit]] into [[uMhlabuyalingana Municipality]]". Durban: IFP Press Statement, 9 April 2009.
* IFP. "IFP National Chair to Hold More Post-Election Rallies". Durban: IFP Press Statement, 3 May 2009.
* IFP. "IFP to Outline Plans for First 100 Days in Power in KZN". [[Durban]]: IFP Press Statement, 13 April 2009.
* Mandela, Nelson; ''[[Long Walk to Freedom|Long Walk to Freedom: The Autobiography of Nelson Mandela]]''; Little Brown & Co; {{ISBN|0-316-54818-9}} (paperback, 1995).
* Mbuyazi, Nondumiso. "[http://www.iol.co.za/index.php?click_id=3086&set_id=1&art_id=vn20090408113806738C104119 IFP accuses ANC members of assault]". ''[[Independent Online (South Africa)|IOL]]''. 8 April 2009. (Accessed 3 May 2009.)
* Skosana, Ben. "[[Southern African Development Community|SADC]] Must Reach Inclusive, Sustainable Solution for [[Zimbabwe|Zim]]". Durban: Inkatha Freedom Party, 26 January 2009.
* [[Zapiro]]. "[https://web.archive.org/web/20130511111445/http://www.mg.co.za/cartoons/28apr09x.gif Zapiro's A–Z of Election '09]". ''[[Mail & Guardian]]''. 26 April 2009. (Accessed 3 May 2009.)

==External links==
{{commons category}}
*[http://www.1uptravel.com/flag/flags/za%7Difp.html Flag of the Inkatha Freedom Party]
*[http://www.ifp.org.za/ Inkatha Freedom Party] official site
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20140506094137/http://www.c-spanarchives.org/program/18492-1 Speech by Mangosuthu Buthelezi] to [[The Heritage Foundation]], 19 June 1991.

{{South Africa political parties}}
{{Politics of South Africa navbox}}
{{Political history of South Africa}}
{{South Africa topics}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Inkatha Freedom Party| ]]
[[Category:Organisations associated with apartheid]]
[[Category:Conservative parties in South Africa]]
[[Category:Right-wing parties]]
[[Category:Anti-communist parties]]
[[Category:Political parties of minorities in South Africa]]