View source for Iphitos

{{Short description|Name of several mythological Greek characters}}
'''Iphitos''' or '''Īphitus''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|ɪ|f|ᵻ|t|ə|s}}; [[Ancient Greek]]: Ἴφιτος) is the name of six individuals in [[Greek mythology]].

*[[Iphitus of Oechalia|Iphitos]], son of [[Eurytus of Oechalia|Eurytus]], king of [[Oechalia (Euboea)|Oechalia]]. As [[Iole]]'s brother, he was [[Heracles]]' brother-in-law and, according to one version of the myth, also his lover.<ref>Ptolemaeus Chennus, in Photius' ''Bibliotheca''</ref>
*Iphitos, son of [[Naubolus (mythology)|Naubolus]]<ref>[[Homer]], ''[[Iliad]]'' 2.518; [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Apollodorus]], [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.9.16&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Iphitus 1.9.16]; [[Gaius Valerius Flaccus|Valerius Flaccus]], 1.363; [[Statius]], ''[[Thebaid (Latin poem)|Thebaid]]'' 7.354</ref> and king of [[Phocis]], others say his father was the son of [[Hippasus (mythology)|Hippasus]] from [[Peloponnese|Peloponessus]].<ref>[[Hyginus (Fabulae)|Hyginus]], ''Fabulae'' 14</ref> He entertained [[Jason]] when he consulted the [[Delphic Oracle]] and later joined the [[Argonauts]].<ref name=":0">Apollodorus, [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Apollod.+1.9.16&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0022:boo=0:chapter=0&highlight=Iphitus 1.9.16]</ref> Iphitus was an ally of the [[Thebes, Greece|Thebans]] in the war of the [[Seven against Thebes]]. He was the leader of men from Phocis and the cities of [[Panope]], [[Daulis]], Cyparissos, Lebadia and [[Hyampolis]] during the war.<ref>Statius, ''Thebaid'' 7.340-358</ref> By his wife [[Hippolyte]]<ref>Apollodorus, 3.10.8</ref> or [[Thrasybule]],<ref>{{Cite book|last=[[Tzetzes]]|first=John|title=Allegories of the Iliad|publisher=Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library|year=2015|isbn=978-0-674-96785-4|location=Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, England|pages=41, Prologue 540–541|translator-last=Goldwyn|translator-first=Adam|translator-last2=Kokkini|translator-first2=Dimitra}}</ref> Iphitos became the father of [[Schedius]] and [[Epistrophus (Greek mythology)|Epistrophus]] who led the Phocians in the [[Trojan War]].<ref name=":1">Homer, ''Iliad'' 2.518</ref>
*Iphitos, an [[Ancient Elis|Elean]] who was killed by [[Copreus]], son of Pelops, who fled from Elis after the murder and later on was purified by King [[Eurystheus]] in [[Mycenae]].<ref>Apollodorus, 2.5.1</ref> According to the writer [[Alcman]], Iphitos along with [[Lycurgus of Sparta|Lycurgus]], belonged to the participants in the first [[Olympic Games]].<ref>[[Alcman]], ''Lyrical Poets'' 25</ref>
*Iphitus, father of [[Eurynome]], who was the mother of King [[Adrastus]] of [[Ancient Argos|Argos]], one of the [[Seven against Thebes]].<ref>Hyginus, ''Fabulae'' 70</ref>
*Iphitos, an elderly Trojan during the Trojan War. In Book VIII of the ''[[Iliad]],'' his son Archeptolemus suddenly becomes the charioteer of [[Hector]] when [[Eniopeus]] was killed by [[Diomedes]]. However, [[Teucer]] killed him in the same battle.<ref>Homer, ''Iliad'' 8.128</ref> In ''[[Aeneid]]'' Book II, [[Aeneas]] named Iphitos among half a dozen Trojan heroes who fight by his side during the fall of Troy. When the battle turned against them, Iphitos was the only one of these who remained standing. He was apparently by Aeneas's side until King [[Priam]] was killed.<ref>[[Virgil]], ''[[Aeneid]]'' 2.435</ref> In some accounts, Iphitos was also the father of Coeranus who was killed by [[Odysseus]].<ref>[[Ovid]], ''[[Metamorphoses]]'' 13.257</ref>
*Iphitos, king of [[ancient Elis|Elis]], restored the [[Ancient Olympic Games|Olympic Games]] after the [[Dorian invasion]]. The restoration came after he asked the [[Oracle at Delphi]] about what should be done to save [[Greece]] from civil war and the diseases that were killing the population. The Oracle answered: "Iphitos and the people of Elis must declare a sacred truce for the duration of the game and revive the Olympic Games".

== Notes ==
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== References ==

* [[Gaius Julius Hyginus]], ''Fabulae from The Myths of Hyginus'' translated and edited by Mary Grant. University of Kansas Publications in Humanistic Studies. [https://topostext.org/work/206 Online version at the Topos Text Project.]
* [[Gaius Valerius Flaccus]], ''Argonautica'' translated by Mozley, J H. Loeb Classical Library Volume 286. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1928. [http://www.theoi.com/Text/ValeriusFlaccus1.html Online version at theio.com.]
* Gaius Valerius Flaccus, ''Argonauticon.'' Otto Kramer. Leipzig. Teubner. 1913. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2007.01.0058 Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library.]
* [[Homer]], [[Iliad|''The Iliad'']] with an English Translation by A.T. Murray, Ph.D. in two volumes. Cambridge, MA., Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann, Ltd. 1924. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0134 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.]
* Homer, ''Homeri Opera'' in five volumes. Oxford, Oxford University Press. 1920. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0133 Greek text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Bibliotheca (Pseudo-Apollodorus)|Pseudo-Apollodorus]], ''The Library'' with an English Translation by Sir James George Frazer, F.B.A., F.R.S. in 2 Volumes, Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1921. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0022 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.] [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0021 Greek text available from the same website].
* [[Ovid|Publius Ovidius Naso]], ''Metamorphoses'' translated by Brookes More (1859-1942). Boston, Cornhill Publishing Co. 1922. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0028 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.]
* Publius Ovidius Naso, ''Metamorphoses.'' Hugo Magnus. Gotha (Germany). Friedr. Andr. Perthes. 1892. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0029 Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
* [[Statius|Publius Papinius Statius]]'', The Thebaid'' translated by John Henry Mozley. Loeb Classical Library Volumes. Cambridge, MA, Harvard University Press; London, William Heinemann Ltd. 1928. [https://topostext.org/work/149 Online version at the Topos Text Project.]
* Publius Papinius Statius, ''The Thebaid. Vol I-II''. John Henry Mozley. London: William Heinemann; New York: G.P. Putnam's Sons. 1928. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:2008.01.0498 Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library.]
* [[Virgil|Publius Vergilius Maro]], ''Aeneid.'' Theodore C. Williams. trans. Boston. Houghton Mifflin Co. 1910. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0054%3Abook%3D1%3Acard%3D1 Online version at the Perseus Digital Library.]
* Publius Vergilius Maro, ''Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics''. J. B. Greenough. Boston. Ginn & Co. 1900. [https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0055 Latin text available at the Perseus Digital Library].
*[[John Tzetzes|Tzetzes, John]], ''Allegories of the Iliad'' translated by Goldwyn, Adam J. and Kokkini, Dimitra. Dumbarton Oaks Medieval Library, Harvard University Press, 2015. {{ISBN|978-0-674-96785-4}}
{{Greek mythology index}}

[[Category:Kings of Phocis]]
[[Category:Kings in Greek mythology]]
[[Category:Argonauts]]
[[Category:Trojans]]
[[Category:Characters in the Argonautica]]
[[Category:Mythological Phocians]]
[[Category:Mythological Achaeans]]