View source for Jaime Sin

{{Short description|Filipino prelate (1928–2005)}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=January 2015}}
{{Use Philippine English|date=January 2023}}
{{Philippine name|Lachica|Sin}}{{About|the Filipino Cardinal|the grouping of vices see|Seven deadly sins|5=Cardinal sin (disambiguation)}}{{Infobox Christian leader
| type = Cardinal
| honorific-prefix = [[His Eminence]]
| name = Jaime Sin
| honorific-suffix = {{post-nominals|list= [[Secular Franciscan Order|OFS]], [[Philippine Legion of Honor|CCLH]], [[Order of Sikatuna|GCS]], [[Order of Lakandula|GCrL]], [[Order of Isabella the Catholic|gcYC]]|size=100%}}
| title = [[Cardinal (Catholicism)|Cardinal]]<br>[[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Archbishop Emeritus of Manila]]
| image = Cardinal Jaime Sin in 1988.jpg
| caption = Cardinal Sin in 1988
| province = Manila
| see = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Archdiocese of Manila]]
| appointed = January 21, 1974
| enthroned = March 19, 1974
| retired = September 15, 2003
| predecessor = [[Rufino Santos]]
| successor = [[Gaudencio Rosales]]
| ordination = April 3, 1954
| ordained_by = Antonio Frondosa
| consecration = March 18, 1967
| consecrated_by = Antonio Frondosa
| cardinal = May 24, 1976
| created_cardinal_by = [[Pope Paul VI]]
| rank = [[Cardinal-Priest]]
| previous_post = {{bulletedlist|Auxiliary Bishop of Jaro (1967–1972)|[[Archbishop of Jaro]] (1972–1974)|[[President of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines]] (1976–1981)}}
| other_post = [[Santa Maria ai Monti|Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria ai Monti]] (1976–2005)
| birth_name = Jaime Lachica Sin
| birth_date = {{birth date|1928|8|31}}
| birth_place = [[New Washington, Aklan|New Washington]], [[Aklan]], [[Insular Government of the Philippine Islands|Philippine Islands]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|2005|6|21|1928|8|31}}
| death_place = [[San Juan, Metro Manila|San Juan]], Philippines
| buried = Crypt, [[Manila Cathedral]]
| nationality = [[Philippines|Filipino]]
| religion = [[Catholic Church]]
| parents = Juan Sin (father)<br/>Máxima Lachica (mother)
| alma_mater = [[St. Vincent Ferrer Seminary]]
| signature = Jaime Cardinal Sin Signature.svg
| coat_of_arms = Coat of arms of Jaime Lachica Sin.svg
| motto = ''Serviam''<br>"I will serve"
| module = {{Ordination
| embed                        = yes
| ordained deacon by   =
| date of diaconal ordination =
| place of diaconal ordination =
| ordained priest by   = [[Antonio Frondosa]] 
| date of priestly ordination = April 3, 1954
| place of priestly ordination = [[Jaro, Iloilo City]]
| consecrated by       = Antonio Frondosa (Capiz)
| co-consecrators      = [[Juan Nicolasora Nilmar]]<br />[[Manuel S. Salvador]]
| date of consecration = March 18, 1967
| date of elevation    = May 24, 1976
| bishop 1             = [[Antonio Buenafe]]
| consecration date 1  = March 30, 1976
| bishop 2             = [[Federico O. Escaler]]
| consecration date 2  = July 31, 1976
| bishop 3             = [[Generoso C. Camiña]]
| consecration date 3  = May 24, 1978
| bishop 4             = [[Manuel C. Sobreviñas]]
| consecration date 4  = May 25, 1979
| bishop 5             = [[Lucilo B. Quiambao]]
| consecration date 5  = April 27, 1982
| bishop 6             = [[Warlito Cajandig y Itcuas]]
| consecration date 6  = June 21, 1989
| bishop 7             = [[Crisostomo Yalung]]
| consecration date 7  = May 31, 1994
| bishop 8             = [[Rolando Joven Tria Tirona]]
| consecration date 8  = December 29, 1994
| bishop 9             = [[Pedro D. Arigo]]
| consecration date 9  = May 18, 1996
| bishop 10            = [[Jose Paala Salazar|José Paala Salazar]]
| consecration date 10 = June 7, 1996
| bishop 11            = [[Jesse Mercado|Jesse E. Mercado]]
| consecration date 11 = March 31, 1997
| bishop 12            = [[Honesto Ongtioco]]
| consecration date 12 = June 18, 1998
| bishop 13            = [[Socrates B. Villegas]]
| consecration date 13 = August 31, 2001
| bishop 14            = [[Nereo Odchimar|Nereo P. Odchimar]]
| consecration date 14 = November 27, 2001
| bishop 15            = [[Luis Antonio Tagle]]
| consecration date 15 = December 12, 2001
| bishop 16            = [[Jose Corazon Tala-oc]]
| consecration date 16 = July 30, 2003
}}
| module2 = {{Infobox cardinal styles |child=yes
| cardinal name = Jaime Lachica Sin
| dipstyle      = [[His Eminence]]
| offstyle      = Your Eminence
| relstyle      = [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|Cardinal]]
| See           = [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Manila]] 
| deathstyle    =
| image         = Coat of arms of Jaime Lachica Sin.svg
| image_size    = 200px
}}
}}

'''Jaime Lachica Cardinal Sin''', {{Post-nominals|post-noms=[[Secular Franciscan Order|OFS]], [[Philippine Legion of Honor|PLH]], [[Order of Sikatuna|OS]], [[Order of Lakandula|OL]]}} ({{lang-zh|t=辛海梅, 辛海棉|poj=Sin Hái-mûi, Sin Hái-mî}};  August 31, 1928 – June 21, 2005), commonly and also formally known as '''Cardinal Sin''', was the 30th Catholic [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Manila|Archbishop of Manila]] and the third [[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|cardinal]] from [[the Philippines]]. He was instrumental in the historic and peaceful 1986 [[People Power Revolution]], which toppled the dictatorship and ended [[martial law under Ferdinand Marcos]] and installed [[Corazon Aquino]] as his successor in the [[Fifth Republic of the Philippines]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Samonte |first=Severino |date=June 21, 2018 |title=The late Cardinal Sin: A benevolent and unselfish church leader |url=https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1038948 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125091059/https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1038948 |archive-date=January 25, 2022 |access-date=2021-02-19 |website=www.pna.gov.ph}}</ref> He was also a key figure in the [[Second EDSA Revolution|2001 EDSA Revolution]] that replaced President [[Joseph Estrada]] with [[Gloria Macapagal Arroyo]].

==Early life==
Sin was born on August 31, 1928, in [[New Washington, Aklan|New Washington]], [[Aklan]] (then a part of [[Capiz]]), on the island of Panay, to Juan Sin, a merchant of [[Chinese Filipino|Chinese descent]], and Máxima Lachica, an ethnic [[Aklanon people|Aklanon]]. "Jim", as he was known, was his mother's favorite. As the 14th of 16 children, he was a painfully thin, asthmatic child, who often used to cuddle up between his parents to sleep at night. When he asked his nurse why his mother lavished such attention on him, he was told it was because he was "the weakest and ugliest of the brood".<ref>{{cite news |author=Easton |first=Adam |date=22 June 2005 |title=Obituary: Cardinal Jaime Sin |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/jun/22/guardianobituaries.world |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160928013818/https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/jun/22/guardianobituaries.world |archive-date=September 28, 2016 |access-date=September 21, 2016 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref>

== Life as a priest ==

=== Early priesthood ===
Sin left his childhood home and his family to study in [[St. Vincent Ferrer Seminary]],<ref name="Easton" /> and was ordained a priest of the [[Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Jaro|Archdiocese of Jaro]] on April 3, 1954.<ref>{{Cite web|title=SIN Card. Jaime Lachica|url=https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_sin_jl.html|access-date=2021-02-22|website=press.vatican.va|archive-date=August 14, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180814170331/https://press.vatican.va/content/salastampa/en/documentation/cardinali_biografie/cardinali_bio_sin_jl.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name="Hierarchy">{{cite web|author=David M. Cheney|title=Jaime Lachica Cardinal Sin [Catholic-Hierarchy&#93;|url=http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bsin.html|access-date=2016-09-24|website=Catholic-hierarchy.org|archive-date=August 17, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160817172311/http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bsin.html|url-status=live}}</ref> He was the first rector of [[St. Pius X Seminary]] in Lawaan Hills, [[Roxas City]], [[Capiz]], serving from 1957 to 1967. On February 29, 1960, Sin was named Domestic Prelate (now called [[Honorary Prelate|honorary prelate]], with the title of ''[[Monsignor]]'').

=== Bishop of Obba ===
Sin was appointed [[auxiliary bishop]] of Jaro on February 10, 1967,<ref name="Hierarchy" /> and was consecrated bishop of the [[titular see]] of Obba on March 18 of that year.

=== Archbishop of Jaro ===
On March 15, 1972, Sin was appointed [[Coadjutor Archbishop]] of Jaro, taking on administrative roles in the archdiocese, while holding the [[titular see]] of [[Massa Lubrense]].<ref name="Hierarchy" /> On October 8, 1972, Sin was appointed Archbishop of Jaro.

===Archbishop of Manila===
[[File:Coat of arms of Jaime Lachica Sin, Archbishop of Manila.svg|thumb|The coat of arms used by Cardinal Sin as Cardinal-Archbishop of Manila from 1976, the year he was created as cardinal by Pope Paul VI, to 2003, the year he retired.]]
Sin was appointed Archbishop of Manila on January 21, 1974. Initially, he was reluctant to take on the role of leading the Church in the Philippines.<ref name=Stowe>[https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/cardinal-jaime-sin-294095.html Stowe, Judy. "Cardinal Jaime Sin: Archbishop of Manila who saw his duty as being 'to put Christ in politics'", (obit)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190725205840/https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/cardinal-jaime-sin-294095.html |date=July 25, 2019 }}, ''[[The Independent]]'', 22 June 2005</ref> He was enthroned as Archbishop at [[Manila Cathedral]] on March 19, 1974, making him only the third native Filipino in the office after centuries of Spanish, American, and Irish archbishops.

On May 24, 1976, [[Pope Paul VI]] made him a member of the [[College of Cardinals]], creating him [[Cardinal Priest]] of the [[titular church]] of ''[[Santa Maria ai Monti]]''. As is traditional for cardinals, the title "Cardinal" is inserted before his surname when addressed formally. He participated as a cardinal-elector in both the [[papal conclave, August 1978|August 1978]] and [[papal conclave, October 1978|October 1978]] [[papal conclave]]s which elected Popes [[Pope John Paul I|John Paul I]] and [[Pope John Paul II|John Paul II]] respectively. In the August conclave, he reportedly told [[Pope John Paul I|Albino Luciani]], "You will be the new pope."<ref name="Google Books">{{cite book| url =https://books.google.com/books?id=lP3Iw8WV_MoC&pg=PA115| title =Modern Heroes of the Church - Leo Knowles| isbn =9781931709460| access-date =February 15, 2014| last1 =Knowles| first1 =Leo| year =2003| publisher =Our Sunday Visitor}}{{Dead link|date=September 2023 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> After Luciani was elected John Paul I, Cardinal Sin paid him homage, and the new pope said: "You were a prophet, but my reign will be a short one."<ref name="Google Books"/> He remained the youngest member of the College until 1983.

His title and surname as "cardinal sin" (another term for a [[Seven deadly sins|deadly sin]]) were a point of humor in the Philippines and for [[Catholic Church in the Philippines|Filipino Catholics]]. Examples included "The greatest sin of all: Cardinal Sin," and even his own pun of "Welcome to the house of Sin" that he used to greet guests at Villa San Miguel, the secondary archiepiscopal palace in [[Mandaluyong]].<ref name=Easton>[https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/jun/22/guardianobituaries.world Easton, Adam. "Cardinal Jaime Sin: Outspoken prelate with a key role in the fall of President Marcos"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160928013818/https://www.theguardian.com/news/2005/jun/22/guardianobituaries.world |date=September 28, 2016 }}, ''[[The Guardian]]'' (obit), 21 June 2005</ref>

==1986 People Power Revolution==
Events in the Philippines under [[President of the Philippines|President]] [[Ferdinand Marcos]] forced Sin, the spiritual leader of Filipino Catholics, to become involved in politics. He became witness to corruption, fraud, and even murder by the regime and rising popular discontent with the dictatorial rule of Marcos and his wife, [[Imelda Marcos|Imelda]].<ref name="Stowe" /> Within six months of his appointment as Archbishop, Sin was criticizing authorities after the military raided a Manila seminary on the grounds that it was harbouring insurgents.<ref name="Easton" /> Sin appealed to Filipinos of all religions to follow the teachings of Jesus in the [[Gospel]]s and use peaceful means to change the political situation in the Philippines.

Beginning in the 1970s, Cardinal Sin, a moderate, was among the leaders who publicly pressured President Marcos to end martial law, which had been imposed in the belief that leftist radicals would overthrow the government.<ref name="Odonnell" /> Sin eventually decided to speak out in support of Corazon Aquino, the widow of the assassinated opposition leader [[Benigno Aquino Jr]]., in calling for an end to martial law. This led to massive popular demonstrations, often led by nuns whom riot police dared not attack.<ref name="Stowe" /> In February 1986, Sin called on Filipinos to surround the police and military headquarters in Manila to protect then-military Vice Chief of Staff [[Fidel Ramos]], who had broken with Marcos.<ref name="Odonnell" /> More than one million people took to the streets praying the [[rosary]] and singing hymns in an outpouring that shielded anti-government rebels from attack. Some soldiers decided to join the marchers.

In what later became known as the [[People Power Revolution]], Marcos, his family, and close advisors were forced to flee the Philippines<ref name="Stowe" /> and took up residence in [[Honolulu, Hawaii]], US, on the invitation of [[President of the United States|U.S. President]] [[Ronald Reagan]]. Cardinal Sin, along with presidents [[Corazon Aquino]] and [[Fidel Ramos]], became known to Filipinos as the architects of the People Power Movement.

==2001 EDSA Revolution==
Sin decided to intervene again in 2001 to become spiritual leader of [[EDSA II|another People Power Movement]]. Some Filipinos alleged that president [[Joseph Estrada]] was guilty of widespread corruption and graft because of the controversial "second envelope". Poor people marching in the streets, with the support of Sin, the elite, and military generals, succeeded in toppling Estrada from power and elevating [[Gloria Macapagal Arroyo]] as acting president in what was perceived by the international community as a "triumphant" democracy. The "second envelope" was opened after the coup and turned out to be Estrada's bank account. Commenting on the endemic corruption that persisted after Marcos, Sin said, "We got rid of Ali Baba, but the 40 thieves remained."<ref name="nbc" /> It was reported that the cardinal's actions caused uneasiness at the Vatican and that he was summoned to Rome to explain himself.<ref name="Weil">[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/06/20/AR2005062001362.html Weil, Martin. "Philippine Cardinal Jaime L. Sin Dies at 76"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171216215105/http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/06/20/AR2005062001362.html |date=December 16, 2017 }}, ''[[Washington Post]]'', 21 June 2005</ref>

Hours before hundreds of soldiers and officers staged a failed revolt against President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo in July 2003, Sin urged Filipinos to be vigilant against groups plotting to violently overturn the country's democratic institutions.<ref name="nbc">{{cite web |url=https://www.nbcnews.com/id/wbna8294216 |title=Philippines' Cardinal Sin dies at 76 - World news - Asia-Pacific |work=[[NBC News]] |date=2005-06-20 |access-date=2016-09-24 |archive-date=April 1, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200401080738/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/8294216/ns/world_news-asia_pacific/t/philippines-cardinal-sin-dies/#.VCjO-Ll0zZ4 |url-status=live }}</ref>

Two and a half years after Sin's death, it was reported that at the height of EDSA II, Sin received a directive from the [[Holy See|Vatican]] ordering him and the Philippine clergy to adopt a non-partisan stance towards the political crisis.<ref name="pdi">{{cite web| last =Labog-Javellana| first =Juliet| title =''Sin opposed Vatican order, pushed Edsa II''| publisher =[[Philippine Daily Inquirer]]| date =January 21, 2008| url =http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20080121-113651/Sin_opposed_Vatican_order,_pushed_Edsa_II| access-date =2008-01-21| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20080122232445/http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/inquirerheadlines/nation/view/20080121-113651/Sin_opposed_Vatican_order,_pushed_Edsa_II| archive-date =January 22, 2008| url-status =dead}}</ref> Sin, who by then had committed support for the EDSA II revolt, was said to have threatened to resign as archbishop if compelled to withdraw his support.<ref name="pdi" /> The standoff was reportedly resolved with the mediation of the [[Supreme Court of the Philippines|Supreme Court]] [[Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines|Associate Justice]] [[Artemio Panganiban]] (later, Chief Justice of the Philippines), a member of the [[Pontifical Council for the Laity]], a department of the [[Roman Curia]].<ref name="pdi" /> As a result, the Vatican did not persist with its earlier demand. The reports were attributed to persons reputed to have first-hand knowledge of the events,<ref name="pdi" /> but they were not confirmed officially by the Vatican or the Archdiocese of Manila.

==Retirement and death==
<!-- San Juan not yet a city -->
[[Cardinal (Catholic Church)|Cardinal]] Sin retired as [[Archbishop of Manila]] on September 15, 2003, and was succeeded by [[Gaudencio Borbon Rosales]], [[Archbishop of Lipa]]. Cardinal Sin was too ill to travel to the [[Papal conclave, 2005|2005 papal conclave]] that elected [[Pope Benedict XVI]]. Afflicted for years with a [[kidney]] ailment brought on by [[diabetes]], he was taken on June 19, 2005, to the Cardinal Santos Medical Center in [[San Juan, Metro Manila|San Juan]] because of a slight but lingering fever. He died of [[renal failure]] on June 21, 2005, at the age of 76.<ref name="Odonnell">{{Cite news |last=O'Donnell |first=Michelle |date=June 21, 2005 |title=Cardinal Jaime Sin, a Champion of the Poor in the Philippines, Is Dead at 76 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/21/obituaries/cardinal-jaime-sin-a-champion-of-the-poor-in-the-philippines-is.html |url-access=subscription |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125091055/https://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/21/obituaries/cardinal-jaime-sin-a-champion-of-the-poor-in-the-philippines-is.html |archive-date=January 25, 2022 |access-date=September 23, 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]]}}</ref> The government accorded him the honour of a [[state funeral]] and a period of national mourning through Presidential Proclamation No. 863, s. 2005 signed by President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. He was buried on June 28 beside his three immediate predecessors in the crypt of [[Manila Cathedral]] after a funeral attended by thousands of Filipinos.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/4245/thousands-gather-for-cardinal-sins-funeral-philippines-champion-of-the-poor |title=Thousands gather for Cardinal Sin's funeral, Philippine's 'champion of the poor' :: Catholic News Agency (CNA) |publisher=[[Catholic News Agency]] |date=2005-06-28 |access-date=2016-09-24 |archive-date=November 28, 2005 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051128231923/http://www.catholicnewsagency.com/new.php?n=4245 |url-status=live }}</ref>

==Honors and awards==
[[File:Jaime Cardinal Sin Monument.jpg|thumb|Jaime Cardinal Sin Monument in [[Manila]]]]
===National honors===
*[[File:PHL Legion of Honor - Chief Commander BAR.png|60px]]: [[Philippine Legion of Honor]], Chief Commander (CCLH)
*[[File:PHL Order of Sikatuna - Grand Cross BAR.png|60px]]: [[Order of Sikatuna]], Grand Collar (GCS)
*[[File:PHI Order of Lakandula Grand Cross BAR.svg|60px]]: [[Order of Lakandula]], Grand Cross (GCrL)
*[[File:Order_of_the_Knights_of_Rizal_Ribbon.png|60px]]: [[Knights of Rizal]], Knight Grand Cross of Rizal (KGCR)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://freiherrvonquast.wordpress.com/tag/knight-bachelor/|title=Nobiliary law – Adelsrecht – Droit nobiliaire: Who is entitled to the prefix of 'Sir'? |date=October 25, 2015 |access-date=2022-11-13 }}</ref>

===Foreign honor===
*[[File:ESP Isabella Catholic Order GC.svg|60px]]: [[Order of Isabella the Catholic]], Knight Grand Cross (gcYC) -  (June 24, 1977)<ref>{{cite web |author=GOVPH |url=https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/featured/filipino-recipients-of-spanish-decorations/ |title=Filipino recipients of Spanish Decorations &#124; Official Gazette of the Republic of the Philippines |website=Gov.ph |access-date=2016-09-24 |archive-date=January 25, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220125091056/https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/featured/filipino-recipients-of-spanish-decorations/ |url-status=live }}</ref>

Sin also received 26 honorary doctorates in various fields from higher education institutions in the Philippines and abroad (mostly from notable universities in the United States of America), among which are the [[University of Santo Tomas|Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas in Manila]], [[Yale University]], [[Georgetown University]], [[Brandeis University]] and [[Boston College]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cbcponline.net/bishops/cardinals/sin.html |title=Jaime L. Cardinal Sin, D.D |website=Cbcponline.net |access-date=2016-09-24 |archive-date=March 4, 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160304034802/http://www.cbcponline.net/bishops/cardinals/sin.html |url-status=dead }}</ref>

[[New Washington, Aklan]] also hosts the Museo Kardinal, a museum dedicated to the life of Sin established inside his former residence.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Aguirre |first1=Jun |title=Ecclesiastical museum in Aklan celebrates Cardinal Sin’s legacy |url=https://www.rappler.com/philippines/visayas/ecclesiastical-museum-aklan-celebrates-jaime-cardinal-sin-legacy/ |accessdate=September 2, 2024 |publisher=[[Rappler]] |date=September 2, 2024}}</ref>

==Views on Catholic social issues==
===Views on condom use===
As a predominantly Catholic country, issues in the Philippines have and are influenced by the church to varying degrees. [[Condom]] usage has historically been a controversial topic, and is often seen as a sin against reproduction, though not a cardinal one.<ref name="globalhistory">{{cite book|last=Engel|first=Jonathan|url=https://archive.org/details/epidemicaglobalh00enge/page/262|title=The epidemic: a global history of AIDS|publisher=Smithsonian Books/Collins|year=2006|isbn=978-0-06-114488-2|location=New York|page=[https://archive.org/details/epidemicaglobalh00enge/page/262 262]|url-access=registration}}</ref> As the incumbent Archbishop of Manila in 1996, when the government distributed condoms to curb [[Human Immunodeficiency Virus|HIV]] infection rates, Sin deemed the programme sinful, calling it "intrinsically evil",<ref name="NYTAIDS">{{cite news|last=Shenon|first=Philip|date=January 21, 1996|title=DEADLY TURNING POINT: A special report.;AIDS Epidemic, Late to Arrive, Now Explodes in Populous Asia – Page 7 – New York Times|work=[[The New York Times]]|location=New York City|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1996/01/21/world/deadly-turning-point-special-report-aids-epidemic-late-arrive-now-explodes.html?pagewanted=7&src=pm|access-date=November 2, 2011|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=December 14, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141214184234/http://www.nytimes.com/1996/01/21/world/deadly-turning-point-special-report-aids-epidemic-late-arrive-now-explodes.html?pagewanted=7&src=pm|url-status=live}}</ref> in line with [[Humanae vitae|Church teaching on the matter]]. Sin also denounced then-[[Department of Health (Philippines)|Health-Secretary]] [[Juan Flavier]] as a major sinner, with some asserting that Flavier was an unwitting agent of Satan due to his condom-usage promotion.<ref>{{cite news|last=McIntosh|first=Alistair|date=January 4, 1995|title=Philippines: Manila Health Minister an Unlikely Agent of Satan|newspaper=Reuters NewMedia|url=http://www.aegis.com/news/re/1995/RE950103.html|url-status=dead|access-date=November 2, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070630160403/http://www.aegis.com/news/re/1995/RE950103.html|archive-date=June 30, 2007}}</ref> Other prominent Filipino Catholics protested against the government's condom-distribution programme by publicly burning boxes of condoms.<ref name="NYTAIDS" />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|Jaime Lachica Sin}}
*{{cite news| last =O'Donnell| first =Michelle| title =''Cardinal Jaime Sin, a Champion of the Poor in the Philippines, Is Dead at 76''| work = [[New York Times]]| date =June 21, 2005| url =https://www.nytimes.com/2005/06/21/obituaries/21sin.html| access-date = 2008-01-08}}
*[https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/06/20/AR2005062001362.html "Philippine Cardinal Jaime L. Sin Dies at 76"]. ''[[Washington Post]]'' Retrieved 2011-09-18.
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20080314031912/http://www.rcam.org/cardinal/sinbio.htm Archdiocese of Manila Biostatistics]
*[http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/bsin.html Catholic Hierarchy – Jaime Lachica Cardinal Sin †]

{{s-start}}
{{s-rel|ca}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Paul Aijirô Yamaguchi]]}}
{{s-tul|title=[[Titular Bishop]] of [[Massa Lubrense]]|years=February 10, 1967 – October 8, 1972}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Robert Fealey Morneau]]}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Julio Rosales]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines|CBCP President]]|years=1976–1981}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Antonio L. Mabutas|Antonio Lloren Mabutas]]}}
{{s-bef|rows=|before= [[José María Cuenco]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Archbishop of Jaro]]|years=October 8, 1972 – January 21, 1974}}
{{s-aft|after= Artemio Casas}}
{{s-bef|rows=2|before=[[Rufino Santos]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Archbishop of Manila]]|years=March 19, 1974 – September 15, 2003}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Gaudencio Rosales]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Cardinal-Priest of [[S. Maria ai Monti]]|years=May 24, 1976 – June 21, 2005}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Jorge Urosa]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Cardinals created under Paul VI}}
{{Filipino Cardinals}}
{{Martial EDSA}}
{{Roman Catholicism in the Philippines}}
{{PLH Recipients}}
{{Order of Lakandula recipients}}
{{Manila archdiocese}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sin, Jaime}}
[[Category:1928 births]]
[[Category:2005 deaths]]
[[Category:Hokkien people]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic archbishops of Manila]]
[[Category:Ateneo de Manila University alumni]]
[[Category:Deaths from kidney failure in the Philippines]]
[[Category:Filipino cardinals]]
[[Category:Filipino democracy activists]]
[[Category:People from Aklan]]
[[Category:People from Iloilo]]
[[Category:Nonviolence advocates]]
[[Category:Cardinals created by Pope Paul VI]]
[[Category:Chief Commanders of the Philippine Legion of Honor]]
[[Category:Grand Crosses of the Order of Lakandula]]
[[Category:Filipino revolutionaries]]
[[Category:20th-century Roman Catholic archbishops in the Philippines]]
[[Category:21st-century Roman Catholic archbishops in the Philippines]]
[[Category:Burials at the Manila Cathedral]]
[[Category:Visayan people]]
[[Category:People of the People Power Revolution]]
[[Category:Individuals honored at the Bantayog ng mga Bayani]]
[[Category:Religious workers honored at the Bantayog ng mga Bayani]]
[[Category:Filipino people of Chinese descent]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic archbishops of Jaro]]
[[Category:Archdiocese of Manila]]
[[Category:Presidents of the Catholic Bishops' Conference of the Philippines]]
[[Category:Deaths from diabetes in the Philippines]]
[[Category:Manila during the Marcos dictatorship]]