View source for Jan Morris

{{short description|Welsh historian and travel writer (1926–2020)}}
{{Use British English|date=September 2013}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2020}}
<!--Per Wikipedia:Manual of style, use she/her to refer to Jan Morris throughout her life.-->
{{Infobox writer <!-- for more information see [[:Template:Infobox writer/doc]] -->
| name             = Jan Morris
| honorific_suffix = [[CBE]] [[FRSL]]
| image            = Jan_Morris_historian.png
| caption          = 
| pseudonym        = 
| birth_name       = James Humphry Morris<ref name=conundrum/>{{rp|4}}
| birth_date       = {{birth date|df=yes|1926|10|2}}
| birth_place      = [[Clevedon]], [[Somerset]], England
| death_date       = {{death date and age|df=yes|2020|11|20|1926|10|2}}<ref name="BBC obit">{{cite news |title=Travel writer and journalist Jan Morris dies at 94 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-55021555 |publisher=BBC News |date=20 November 2020 |access-date=20 November 2020 |archive-date=20 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201120155911/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-55021555 |url-status=live}}</ref>
| death_place      = [[Pwllheli]], [[Wales]]
| occupation       = Writer
| nationality      = [[Welsh people|Welsh]]
| genre            = Non-fiction, [[travel writing]]
| children         = 5
| spouse           = {{marriage|Elizabeth Tuckniss|1949}}
| education        = [[Christ Church, Oxford]]
}}

'''Catharine Jan Morris'''<ref name="autogenerated7">Jan Morris, Paul Clements, University of Wales Press, 2008, p. 7</ref><ref>The International Who's Who of Women 2002, 2001, ed. Elizabeth Sleeman, Taylor & Francis, p. 388</ref> {{post-nominals|country=GBR|size=100%|CBE|FRSL}} (born '''James Humphry Morris'''; 2 October 1926{{spnd}}20 November 2020) was a Welsh historian, author and [[travel writer]]. She was known particularly for the ''[[Pax Britannica Trilogy|Pax Britannica]]'' trilogy (1968–1978), a history of the [[British Empire]], and for portraits of cities, including [[Oxford]], [[Venice (Morris book)|Venice]], [[Trieste]], [[Hong Kong]] and [[New York City]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |title=MORRIS, JAN (1926 - 2020), writer {{!}} Dictionary of Welsh Biography |url=https://biography.wales/article/s15-MORR-JAN-1926 |access-date=2024-11-05 |website=biography.wales}}</ref> She published under her birth name, James, until 1972, when she had gender reassignment surgery after [[gender transitioning|transitioning]] from male to female.<ref name=":1" />

Morris was a member of the [[1953 British Mount Everest expedition]], which made the first ever confirmed ascent of the mountain.<ref name=":0">{{cite news |last=Lea |first=Richard |title=Jan Morris, historian, travel writer and trans pioneer, dies aged 94 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/20/jan-morris-historian-travel-writer-and-trans-pioneer-dies-aged-94 |url-status=live |newspaper=[[The Guardian]] |date=20 November 2020 |access-date=20 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201120160325/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/20/jan-morris-historian-travel-writer-and-trans-pioneer-dies-aged-94 |archive-date=20 November 2020}}</ref> She was the only journalist to accompany the expedition, climbing with the team to a camp at 22,000 feet, and using a prearranged code to send news of the successful ascent, which was announced in ''[[The Times]]'' on the day of [[Coronation of Elizabeth II|Queen Elizabeth II's coronation]], 2 June 1953.<ref>{{cite web |title=Jan Morris: She sensed she was 'at the very end of things'. What a life it was … |url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/22/jan-morris-travel-writer-death-adventure-life |website=The Guardian |date=22 November 2020 |access-date=23 November 2021}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

==Background and education==
Morris was born in [[Clevedon]], [[Somerset]], on 2 October 1926. She was the youngest of three children of Walter Henry Morris (died 1938), an engineer from [[Monmouth]], [[Wales]], who never fully recovered after being gassed in the [[First World War]]. Her mother, née Enid Payne, was an English church organist who trained as a concert pianist at the [[University of Music and Theatre Leipzig|Leipzig Conservatory]].<ref>{{cite web |last=Johns |first=Derek |title=Jan Morris at 90: she has shown us the world |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/oct/02/jan-morris-life-in-motion |work=The Guardian |date=2 October 2016 |access-date=23 November 2021}}</ref><ref name="nyt-20nov2020">{{cite news |last1=Kandell |first1=Jonathan |title=Jan Morris, Celebrated Writer of Place and History, Is Dead at 94 |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/20/books/jan-morris-dead.html |access-date=21 November 2020 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=20 November 2020 |archive-date=21 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201121005959/https://www.nytimes.com/2020/11/20/books/jan-morris-dead.html |url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> Enid was a well-known recitalist in the early days of broadcasting in [[south Wales]] and the [[west of England]].<ref>Fenwick, Gillian. ''Travelling Genius: The Writing Life of Jan Morris'', University of South Carolina Press, 2008, pp. xvii, xix</ref><ref name="autogenerated7"/> Morris's elder brothers [[Gareth Morris|Gareth]] (1920–2007) and Christopher (1922–2014) both achieved distinction, as a flautist and as an organist and music publisher for the [[Oxford University Press]], respectively.<ref name="theguardian1">{{cite web|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/20/jan-morris-obituary |title=Jan Morris obituary |work=[[The Guardian]] |date= 20 November 2020|access-date=2021-11-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/news/2007/feb/28/guardianobituaries.obituaries1 |title=Gareth Morris &#124; Music |work=[[The Guardian]] |date= 28 February 2007|access-date=2021-11-23}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=02 March 2015 • 6:03pm |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11444855/Christopher-Morris-musician-obituary.html |title=Christopher Morris, musician – obituary |publisher=Telegraph.co.uk |date=2015-03-02 |access-date=2021-11-23}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

Morris was a chorister in the choir of [[Christ Church Cathedral, Oxford]], while boarding at [[Christ Church Cathedral School]],<ref>{{cite book |last=Morris |first=Jan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WrkMKWFk384C |title=Conundrum |date=2011-02-03 |chapter=2 |publisher=Faber & Faber |isbn=978-0-571-26600-5 |access-date=21 November 2020 |archive-date=22 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201122042952/https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=WrkMKWFk384C |url-status=live}}</ref> then went on to study at [[Lancing College]], returning to [[Christ Church, Oxford]], as an undergraduate, and taking a second-class honours [[Bachelor of Arts|BA]] in 1951, which was promoted to the customary [[Master of Arts (Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin)|Oxford MA]] in 1961. While at Lancing, aged 16, Morris made a start in journalism, reporting for [[Western Daily Press]], and while an Oxford student wrote for ''[[Cherwell (newspaper)|Cherwell]]'', the university's student newspaper.<ref name="theguardian1"/><ref>Fenwick, Gillian. ''Travelling Genius: The Writing Life of Jan Morris'', University of South Carolina Press, 2008, pp. xvii–xviii</ref><ref name=":1" /> Despite being born and largely raised in England, Morris always identified as Welsh.<ref>{{cite news |last=Johns |first=Derek |date=2 October 2016 |title=Jan Morris at 90: She has shown us the world |url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/oct/02/jan-morris-life-in-motion |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180325045316/https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/oct/02/jan-morris-life-in-motion |archive-date=25 March 2018 |access-date=27 March 2018 |newspaper=[[The Guardian]]}}</ref>

==Career==
Initially, Morris hoped to join the [[Royal Navy]], only to be prevented due to colour blindness.<ref name="theguardian1" /> Instead, she joined a [[Cavalry]] regiment during the closing stages of the [[Second World War]], serving in the [[9th Queen's Royal Lancers]], and being posted to the [[Free Territory of Trieste]] in 1945, during the joint British–American occupation. She eventually went on to serve as regimental intelligence officer.<ref name=":0" /><ref name="autogenerated10">Paul Clements, ''Jan Morris'', University of Wales Press, 2008, p. 10</ref>

Morris wrote for ''[[The Times]]'' and in 1953 was the only [[journalist]] accompanying the [[1953 British Mount Everest expedition]], which included [[Edmund Hillary]] and [[Tenzing Norgay]], who were the first to scale [[Mount Everest]].<ref name=":1" /> Morris reported the success of Hillary and Tenzing in a coded message to the newspaper, "Snow conditions bad stop advanced base abandoned yesterday stop awaiting improvement",<ref>Morris, Jan. ''Coronation Everest''. Faber and Faber, 2003, p.149.</ref> and by coincidence the scoop was published in ''The Times'' on the morning of the [[coronation of Elizabeth II]].<ref name="venables">{{cite book|last=Venables|first=Stephen|author-link=Stephen Venables|title=To the top: the story of Everest|publisher=[[Walker Books]]|year=2003|location=London|page=63|isbn=0-7445-8662-3}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

The message was initially interpreted to mean that [[Tom Bourdillon]] and Tenzing had reached the summit, but the first name was corrected before the story was broken. Claims that the news was held back ignore the communication problems of the time; it was quite an achievement to get the news of the 29 May ascent to London by Coronation Day on 2 June, as it had to be sent to [[Namche Bazaar]] by runner.<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-22531322 |title= The Press battle to report Everest climb |work= BBC News |date= 29 May 2013 |access-date= 27 March 2020 |archive-date= 26 July 2020 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200726011122/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-wales-22531322 |url-status= live }}</ref>

Reporting from [[Cyprus]] on the [[Suez Crisis]] for the ''[[Manchester Guardian]]'' in 1956, Morris produced the first "irrefutable proof" of collusion between [[France]] and [[Israel]] in the invasion of [[Egypt]]ian territory, interviewing [[French Air Force]] pilots who confirmed that they had been in action in support of Israeli forces.<ref name="rusbridger">{{cite news|last=Rusbridger|first=Alan|title=Courage Under Fire|newspaper=[[The Guardian]]|date=10 July 2006|url=https://www.theguardian.com/media/2006/jul/10/pressandpublishing.egypt|access-date=12 March 2010|archive-date=30 August 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130830063430/http://www.theguardian.com/media/2006/jul/10/pressandpublishing.egypt|url-status=live}}</ref> She also reported on the 1961 trial of [[Adolf Eichmann]] in [[Jerusalem]].<ref>''A Writer's World: Travels 1950–2000.'' 2003.</ref> Later, Morris opposed the [[Falklands War]].<ref>"Authors Take Sides on the Falklands (Review)", W. L. Webb, ''[[The Guardian Weekly]]'', 29 August, (p.21).</ref>

==Personal life==
In 1949, Morris married Elizabeth, daughter of [[Sri Lanka|Ceylon]] tea planter Austen Cecil Tuckniss;<ref name="autogenerated10"/> they had five children together, including the poet and musician [[Twm Morys]].<ref name=":1" /> One of their children died in infancy. They lived together in the village of [[Llanystumdwy]], in [[North Wales]], for over 50 years until Morris's death in November 2020, first in a large Georgian house, Plas Trefan, and latterly in a converted stable block, Trefan Morys, in the grounds.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/books/reviews/writer-s-house-wales-jan-morris-9146978.html|title=A Writer's House in Wales|first=Penelope|last=Lively|date=23 February 2014|work=The Independent|access-date=22 November 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/mar/01/jan-morris-thinking-again-interview-youre-talking-to-someone-at-the-very-end-of-things|title=You're talking to someone at the very end of things|first=Tim|last=Adams|date=1 March 2020|work=The Guardian|access-date=22 November 2020}}</ref><ref name=":1" />

Morris began transitioning to life as a woman in 1964, one of the first high-profile people to do so.<ref name=conundrum>{{cite book|last=Morris|first=Jan|title=Conundrum|publisher=[[New York Review of Books]]|year=2006|isbn=978-1-59017-189-9}}</ref>{{rp|105}}<ref>{{cite news|date=2020-11-20|title=Obituary: Jan Morris, a poet of time, place and self|language=en-GB|publisher=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-26924906|access-date=2020-11-21|archive-date=20 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201120235658/https://www.bbc.com/news/entertainment-arts-26924906|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1972, Morris travelled to [[Morocco]] to undergo [[gender-affirming surgery]], performed by surgeon [[Georges Burou]],<ref name=conundrum/>{{rp|135–144}} because doctors in Britain refused to allow the procedure unless Morris and Tuckniss divorced, something Morris was not prepared to do.<ref name=conundrum/>{{rp|127}} They did divorce later, but remained together, and on 14 May 2008 were legally reunited when they formally entered into a [[Civil partnership in the United Kingdom|civil partnership]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":0" /><ref name=mcsmith>{{cite news|last=McSmith|first=Andy|title=Love story: Jan Morris – Divorce, the death of a child and a sex change... but still together|newspaper=[[The Independent]]|date=4 June 2008|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/love-story-divorce-the-death-of-a-child-and-a-sex-change-but-still-together-839602.html|access-date=12 March 2010|archive-date=2 July 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080702004437/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/this-britain/love-story-divorce-the-death-of-a-child-and-a-sex-change-but-still-together-839602.html|url-status=live}}</ref> She detailed her transition in ''Conundrum'' (1974), her first book under her new name, and one of the first [[autobiographies]] to discuss a personal gender reassignment.<ref name=":1" /><ref>Shopland, Norena. "A tangle in my life", in ''Forbidden Lives: LGBT stories from Wales'', Seren Books, 2017</ref>{{notetag|The opening lines of ''Conundrum'': "I was three or perhaps four years old when I realized that I had been born into the wrong body, and should really be a girl. I remember the moment well, and it is the earliest memory of my life."}}

Morris died on 20 November 2020 at [[Bryn Beryl Hospital|Ysbyty Bryn Beryl]] (Bryn Beryl Hospital) in [[Pwllheli]] in North Wales, at the age of 94, survived by Elizabeth and their four children. Her death was announced by her son Twm.<ref name="BBC obit" /><ref name="theguardian1" /><ref name=":1" />

Her wife Elizabeth died at age 99 on 17 June 2024.<ref name="Elizabeth obit">{{cite news |title=Elizabeth Morris, wife of writer Jan and a strong support through her gender reassignment – obituary |url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/obituaries/2024/06/28/elizabeth-jan-morris-gender-trasitoning-conundrum/ |access-date=28 June 2024 |publisher=Daily Telegraph |date=28 June 2024}}</ref>

==Awards==
Morris received [[honorary doctorate]]s from the [[University of Wales]] and the [[University of Glamorgan]],<ref>{{Cite web |date=2011-03-14 |title=Jan Morris: 'We're on the brink of colossal, cataclysmic change' |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/jan-morris-we-re-on-the-brink-of-colossal-cataclysmic-change-2240989.html |access-date=2025-10-20 |website=The Independent |language=en}}</ref> was an honorary fellow of [[Christ Church, Oxford]], and was a fellow of the [[Royal Society of Literature]]. She was elected to the [[Gorsedd Cymru]] in 1992,<ref name=":1" /><ref name="theguardian1"/><ref>{{cite web|date=2020-11-21|title=Appreciation: My lunch with Jan Morris, writer, traveler, transgender pioneer|url=https://www.latimes.com/travel/story/2020-11-20/appreciation-my-lunch-with-jan-morris-writer-traveler-transgender-pioneer |access-date=2021-11-23 |website=Los Angeles Times |language=en-US}}</ref> and received the [[Glyndŵr Award]] for Outstanding Contribution to the Arts in Wales in 1996.<ref>{{cite web |title=BBC Wales Arts: Jan Morris |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/arts/sites/jan-morris/ |publisher=BBC |access-date=21 December 2019 |archive-date=20 December 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181220104647/http://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/arts/sites/jan-morris/ |url-status=live}}</ref>

"Out of polite respect" she accepted her appointment as [[Commander of the Order of the British Empire]] (CBE) in the [[1999 Birthday Honours]] for services to literature,<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=55513 |date=12 June 1999 |pages=9 |supp=y}}</ref> but Morris was a [[Welsh nationalist]] republican at heart.<ref>{{cite web |last=Frost |first=Caroline |title=Jan Morris: A Profile |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcfour/documentaries/profile/profile_jan_morris.shtml|work=[[BBC Four]] website|access-date=21 December 2019|archive-date=28 October 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111028230026/http://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcfour/documentaries/profile/profile_jan_morris.shtml|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":1" /> In 2005, she was awarded the [[Golden PEN Award]] by [[English PEN]] for "a Lifetime's Distinguished Service to Literature".<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.englishpen.org/prizes/golden-pen-award-for-a-lifetimes-distinguished-service-to-literature |title=Golden Pen Award, official website |publisher=[[English PEN]] |access-date=3 December 2012 |archive-date=21 November 2012 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121121020544/http://www.englishpen.org/prizes/golden-pen-award-for-a-lifetimes-distinguished-service-to-literature/ |url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last=Fenwick |first=Gillian |title=Traveling Genius: The Writing Life of Jan Morris |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wHMEVRxWx6UC&pg=PR20 |publisher=University of South Carolina Press |chapter=Chronology |page=XX |year=2008 |isbn=9781570037474 |access-date=3 December 2012 |archive-date=26 February 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170226014021/https://books.google.com/books?id=wHMEVRxWx6UC&pg=PR20 |url-status=live}}</ref> In January 2008, ''The Times'' named her the 15th-greatest British writer since the War.<ref name="mcsmith" /> She has featured in the Pinc List of leading Welsh LGBT figures in 2017.<ref>{{cite web|title=Pinc List 2017|url=http://www.walesonline.co.uk/whats-on/whats-on-news/pinc-list-2017-40-most-13462359|website=Wales Online|date=19 August 2017|access-date=20 August 2017|archive-date=20 August 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170820161255/http://www.walesonline.co.uk/whats-on/whats-on-news/pinc-list-2017-40-most-13462359|url-status=live}}</ref> She won the 2018 [[Edward Stanford Outstanding Contribution to Travel Writing Award]].<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.edwardstanfordawards.com/single-post/2018/02/01/Edward-Stanford-Travel-Writing-Awards-2018-winners |title=Edward Stanford Travel Writing Awards 2018 winners |work=edwardstanfordawards |publisher=Edward Stanford Travel Writing Awards |date=1 February 2018 |access-date=11 August 2018 |archive-date=12 August 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180812053718/https://www.edwardstanfordawards.com/single-post/2018/02/01/Edward-Stanford-Travel-Writing-Awards-2018-winners |url-status=live}}</ref>

==Works==
{{see also|Jan Morris bibliography}}
Morris's 1974 best-selling memoir ''Conundrum'' documented her transition and was compared to that of transgender pioneer [[Christine Jorgensen]] (''A Personal Autobiography''). Later memoirs included ''Pleasures of a Tangled Life'' (1989) and ''Herstory'' (1999).  She also wrote many essays on travel and her life, and published a collection of her diary entries as ''In My Mind's Eye'' in 2019.<ref>{{cite news |last=Italie |first=Hillel |title=Jan Morris, author and transgender pioneer, dies at 94 |url=https://apnews.com/article/entertainment-new-york-wales-jan-morris-e5db31bc29fa66a59e7f86bc173f0585 |access-date=21 November 2020 |work=Associated Press |date=20 November 2020 |archive-date=20 November 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201120230606/https://apnews.com/article/entertainment-new-york-wales-jan-morris-e5db31bc29fa66a59e7f86bc173f0585 |url-status=live}}</ref>

Morris wrote many books on travel, particularly about [[Venice (Morris book)|Venice]] and [[Trieste]]. Her ''[[Pax Britannica Trilogy|Pax Britannica]]'' trilogy, on the history of the [[British Empire]], received praise.<ref name=":1" /><ref name="nyt-20nov2020"/> In an interview with the BBC in 2016, she told [[Michael Palin]] that she did not like to be described as a travel writer, for her books were not about movement and journeys; they were about places and people.<ref>{{cite web |title=Artsnight: Michael Palin Meets Jan Morris |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b07zc1bv |website=BBC Two |publisher=BBC |date=8 October 2016 |access-date=21 December 2019 |archive-date=17 April 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190417121131/https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b07zc1bv |url-status=live}}</ref> Morris's 1985 novel ''[[Last Letters from Hav]]'', an "imagined travelogue and political thriller" was shortlisted for that year's [[Booker Prize]].<ref name="booker-hav">{{cite web |title=Last Letters from Hav |url=https://thebookerprizes.com/books/last-letters-hav-by |website=The Booker Prizes |date=January 1985 |publisher=The Booker Prize Foundation |access-date=21 November 2020 |archive-date=20 October 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201020001353/https://thebookerprizes.com/books/last-letters-hav-by |url-status=live}}</ref>

In 1995, Morris completed a biography of [[First Sea Lord]] [[John Fisher, 1st Baron Fisher]], entitled ''Fisher's Face''.<ref name="Fisher">{{cite book |url={{Google books|3naJCy_sVeEC|plainurl=true}} |title=Fisher's Face |first=Jan |last=Morris |author-link=Jan Morris |location=London |publisher=Viking |year=1995| postscript=. Reprinted and published (2010) by Faber & Faber |isbn=9780571265930}}</ref> She began researching the life of the Admiral in the 1950s, describing the several-decades-long project as a "jeu d’amour" (love game).<ref name="FisherLA">{{cite web |url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1995-07-09-bk-21786-story.html |title='Our Jacky' : The ever-unconventional Jan Morris reveals his face that launched a lifelong obsession : FISHER'S FACE: Or, Getting to Know the Admiral by Jan Morris |work=Los Angeles Times |date=9 July 1995 |access-date=17 November 2021}}</ref>

==References==
===Notes===
{{notefoot}}

===Citations===
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

==Further reading==
* Derek Johns: ''Ariel: A Literary Life of Jan Morris'', London: Faber & Faber, 2016, {{ISBN|978-0-571-33163-5}}
*{{cite news|last1=Johns|first1=Derek|title=Jan Morris at 90: she has shown us the world|url=https://www.theguardian.com/books/2016/oct/02/jan-morris-life-in-motion|access-date=24 March 2018|agency=The Guardian |date=2 October 2016}}

==External links==
{{Wikiquote}}
* [https://janmorris-blog.tumblr.com/ Jan Morris Blog]
* {{cite journal| url=http://www.theparisreview.org/interviews/1251/the-art-of-the-essay-no-2-jan-morris| title=Jan Morris, The Art of the Essay No. 2| author= Leo Lerman| journal=[[The Paris Review]] |date= Summer 1997 | volume=Summer 1997| issue=143| author-link=Leo Lerman}}
* [https://openlibrary.org/search?q=jan+morris&author_key=OL31379A Works by Morris] at [[Open Library]]
* {{UK National Archives ID}}
* {{NPG name}}
*[https://adventureblog.net/2020/11/last-surviving-member-of-1953-everest-expedition-passes-away.html Last Surviving Member of 1953 Everest Expedition Passes Away] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210214124322/https://adventureblog.net/2020/11/last-surviving-member-of-1953-everest-expedition-passes-away.html |date=14 February 2021 }}

{{Authority control}}

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[[Category:20th-century Welsh historians]]
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[[Category:9th Queen's Royal Lancers officers]]
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